Injineli ye-Electroni kwishishini inoxanduva lophuhliso, ufakelo, kunye nokuKhomiso kunye nokuHlanganiswa kwezixhobo ze-elektroniki. Lo msebenzi ulungele abo bakhethekileyo abanomdla kwiMathematics, iSayensi yeKhompyuter kunye ne-physics. Makhe sihlale kwiimpawu zeli candelo leemfuno ezizodwa nezisisiseko eziboniswe kulo msebenzi.
Ngubani lowo?
Kuyo nayiphi na into eqinileyo yemveliso, injineli ye-elektroniki Inoxanduva lokwenza konke ukubopha kwemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, ukusukela kuphuhliso lwezixhobo ze-elektroniki ukulawula ukusebenza kwalo. Iinjineli zolu hlobo zilwazi ngokupheleleyo zonke iimpawu zokusebenza kwezixhobo ze-elektroniki kunye nohlobo lweenkqubo zombane. Iinjineli zombane zifunwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, esi sikhundla sinokufumaneka ekuvenisweni kwemveliso, inzululwazi, uyilo, iinkampani zokurhweba, nakwezikolo.
Olunye uxanduva oluphambili lwenjineli ye-elektroniki ithathelwa ingqalelo Ukuphuhliswa kweemveliso zamva nje. Uninzi lweefemu ze-elektroniki ezikhoyo zixhomekeke kumava ezi ngxibelelwano zenze intengiso yeemveliso ezintsha kwaye ihambisa esele zikho. Iimveliso ezinjalo zibandakanya useto lomdlalo, iiwotshi, abamkeli beTV kunye nezinye iintlobo ezininzi zezixhobo zombane. Ezi ngcali zifuna izakhono zokuphuhlisa iinxalenye zeenkqubo zombane zemveliso.
Uninzi oluyintloko lweenjineli ze-elektroniki zisebenza kwiindawo zabucala, nangona kunjalo, ipesenti enkulu yabo isebenza kumaziko kaRhulumente.
Injineli ye-elektroniki isebenza kwintsebenziswano esondeleyo kunye nezinye iiyunithi zeshishini elifanayo . Udlulisela imibono kunye namanyathelo akhe kwabanye abasebenzi ukuze abo babenako ukuzisebenzisa. Oku kuthetha ukuba umntu kwesi sikhundla ufuna amandla okumisela abafowunelwa abasebenzayo-kuphela kule meko inokuqinisekisa ukuba zonke iiprojekthi kunye namanyathelo asetyenziswa kwicala elifanelekileyo kunye nemeko efanelekileyo.
Ukufundisisa uluhlu lwezithuba zomsebenzi, ungayibona loo nto Indawo ekhankanyiweyo idla ngokubizwa ngenye indlela, inokuba ngumphuhlisi we-REA, uMyili weeBhodi zeSiphaluka eziprintiweyo, kunye noMvelisi woBunjineli boMbane. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba iimfuno ezahlukeneyo zinikezelwe kuba-elektroniki kwi-elektroprs, imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yenziwa kwaye indawo eyahlukeneyo yoxanduva ichaziwe, ke iphantse yafumana iingcali ezimbini ngamava amabini anamava amabini.
Nangona kunjalo, kubunzima babo, benza imisebenzi efanayo kwaye basebenzisa imigaqo efanayo kwimisebenzi yabo.
I-Pros kunye noMsebenzi
Njengazo naziphi na ezinye okukhethekile, ukuma injineli elektroniki zombini eziluncedo zabo kuneengxaki zako. I-Plus ibandakanya:
- imfuno ophezulu kwimarike yezemisebenzi kunye emihle nethemba mihla ukwenzela uphuhliso msebenzi kwixesha elizayo;
- kwinqanaba lomvuzo eliphezulu kubasebenzi abafanelekayo;
- Ukuba nokwenzeka rhoqo umsebenzi self-zophuhliso.
Ayizange malini ngaphandle iziphako - okokuqala zonke bazalana into yokuba ihlabathi technology zombane nenekhompyutha na uhlaziyo eziguquguqukayo njalo, njalo Injineli neeletroniki kufuneka bazazi zonke iimveliso ezintsha ukubonakala emarikeni, impumelelo yenzululwazi zasekhaya nasentshona. Ngoko ke, lo mntu kufuneka achithe ixesha elininzi lakhe self-zophuhliso, njengokuba umthetho, kuyimfuneko ukujongana ezamahala kwexesha emsebenzini.
Noko ke, ezinye iingcali zikholelwa ukuba oku ukugqithisela komsebenzi, kunokuba engxakini yayo.
lunye
Kuxhomekeka kwicala lweshishini, Indawo injineli-elektroniki yohlulwe imiyalelo ezininzi:
- systemotechnical;
- busebenze;
- Uyilo.
iingcali Systemotechnical Mababonise ububanzi yokucinga, bonisa indlela yenkqubo yokusombulula iingxaki electronic radio. iinjineli zenkqubo abandakanyeke ukuyila, ukuphuhlisa nokuphumeza iinkqubo zekhompyutha, kwakunye nezixhobo irediyo parameters ethile.
Noko ke, imisebenzi yabo musa ziquka ukuntywiliselwa ngokupheleleyo kubume balo matshinana ngamnye.
Busebenze, phezu koko, kumele Kuba ngokweenkcukacha kuyilo sixhobo ngasinye ngokweenkcukacha. imisebenzi zabo ziquka ekuyilweni ezisezantsi zokusebenza kunye parameters ekhankanyiweyo. Ngamanye amazwi, lo mntu usombulula imibuzo bendawo amancinci. linobuchule ayibandakanyi imisebenzi ukusetyenziswa oluhlangeneyo kwezixhobo eyenziwe nguye.
iinjineli uMyili ukwenza izibalo ejolise ekusombululeni iingxaki enyusa iisekethe zokusebenza, bachitha bonke amandla abo ukwenza izixhobo ezininzi compact kunye efinyeziweyo. Ukongeza, izibophelelo zabo iquka zokusombulula imiba yobugcisa, efana kumgxobhozo ubushushu Ukupholisa ezisebenza kufakelo, nokuyila Iimodyuli elektroniki izixhobo, woqondo-ifayibha kunye nezinye iinkqubo zobunjineli ukuba igalelo yokugcina ukusebenza lweshishini ekhoyo.
Imisebenzi esemthethweni
Ngokungqinelana ECTC, nanto leyo icacisa ngokuphandle unjingalwazi umsebenzi iinkcazelo, Umsebenzi elifumileyo wenjineli elektroniki kufuneka yenze le misebenzi ilandelayo:
- ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo izixhobo zekhompyutha, umbutho ukusebenza kwawo ngokuqhubekayo;
- Ukuthatha inxaxheba ekucwangcisweni kokulungiswa kwezixhobo kunye nolondolozo lwabo, kunye nokuzoba imizobo yamanyathelo okuphucula imilinganiselo yokusebenza kwazo kunye nokunyuka kwempumelelo kombane obonakalayo;
- ukwenza ulungiselelo lwekhompyuter ukusebenza, ukuhlolwa kwenxalenye nganye kunye neendawo zalo;
- Lawula inqanaba lokuthembeka kwazo zonke iindlela ze-elektroniki zetekhnoloji, kunye nokuphunyezwa kweemvavanyo zovavanyo ukuze kuchongwe ngokukhawuleza iziphene kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle, intlangano yokuncitshiswa;
- Ukuseta kuseta kunye noseto lwekhompyuter, kunye neenkcukacha zomntu ngamnye kwizixhobo ze-elektroniki ze-elektroniki;
- Ukugcinwa kwezixhobo zombane, qinisekisa ukuba uyilondoloze kwimeko elungileyo;
- Ukuvavanya ukubakho kokudibanisa ukufakwa kongezeleleko lwesithathu kwiinkqubo zeChopthing yeMidlalo ye-elektroniki ukwenzela ukwandisa amandla awo asebenzayo kunye nobugcisa;
- Ukuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye nohlalutyo lweeparamitha zokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zombane;
- ukwenza izindululo zokutshintsha iindlela zokusebenza kunye nemigaqo yokugcina izixhobo;
- Ukuba kukho imfuneko, ukukhupha izicelo zokuthengwa kwezixhobo zobunjineli ze-elektroniki kunye nerediyo kunye neenxalenye zawo;
- Ukuqinisekisa ulawulo olupheleleyo malunga nokugcina iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokugcina izinto zombane.
Iimfuneko
Intlobo zobuwena
Ukuthatha ngempumelelo isikhundla senjineli ye-elektroniki, Umgqatswa kufuneka abe neseti yonke yeempawu zobuqu:
- Inzala yokusebenza kunye ne-elektroniki kunye nobunjineli berediyo;
- I-Meset yengqondo;
- inkanuko engapheliyo yokuziphucula, ukonyuka kwezakhono ezikhoyo;
- ukukhululeka;
- ukumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu;
- Ubundlongondlongo kunye nokuchaneka;
- Amandla okuhlalutya uluhlu olukhulu lwedatha.
Tsala ingqalelo kwinto yokuba Kukho izinto ezithile zempilo ezinokuba sisiseko sokwala ukuvuma injineli yombane . Ngokukodwa, baquka iingxaki ngombono kunye nentshukumi engonelanga yeminwe.
Ukongeza, naziphi na izifo zendalo yendalo, kunye neengxaki apho ilahleko yexesha elizayo nakwenziwanga umsebenzi ukuba enze imisebenzi eyimfuneko yabasebenzi.
Ngaphandle kwendawo
Injineli ye-elektroniki kufuneka ibe nezakhono ezilungileyo zokusebenza neenkqubo zekhompyuter ezinjalo: I-CAD, uMyili we-Altaas, i-Kompaas 3D, Tina, i-protel, i-protel dxp. Ukuphumeza ngempumelelo imisebenzi yakho, le ngcali kufuneka yazi:
- Ii-odolo ezikhoyo, izigqibo, kunye nezinye iincwadi zomthetho kunye neendlela zokusebenza ezinxulumene nomsebenzi waso nasiphi na isixhobo se-elektroniki;
- Iiparamitha zobugcisa kunye nokusebenza, iimpawu zesakhiwo kunye neendlela ezivumelekileyo zokusebenza kwezixhobo ze-elektroniki;
- indlela yokusebenza yolwazi yokulungisa uluhlu;
- iziseko zenkqubo;
- Indlela yokusebenza yokuqulunqa izicwangciso zangoku nezithembisayo;
- Imigaqo yokuqulunqwa kwengxelo yaseburhulumenteni ngokumiliselwa kweeshedyuli zomsebenzi ezimiselweyo;
- Imigaqo-siseko yolondolozo kunye nokulungiswa kwezixhobo zombane;
- amava aphambili eRussian kunye nehlabathi kwinkonzo ye-radio rade-yetekhnoloji kwishishini;
- Isicwangciso esiliqili sokusekwa kwezicelo zokuthengwa kwezixhobo, kunye neenxalenye zawo.
Kuba injineli ye-elektroniki ibhekisa kwiqela labasebenzi abaphezulu, Kubalulekile ukuba uyayazi i-AZA yezoqoqosho, imigaqo-siseko ye-Ergonomics, umbutho onobuchule weenkqubo zemveliso kwishishini.
Ukusuka kuyo nayiphi na ingcali enxulumene nodidi lweenjineli, ulwazi lwemigangatho yokhuseleko emsebenzini iyafuneka, kunye nemithetho yemveliso kunye nokhuseleko lomlilo.
Uqeqesho kunye nekhondo lomsebenzi
Injineli ye-elektroniki inokusebenza kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamashishini ezi zikhokelo zilandelayo:
- Iinkampani zesayensi kunye nemizi mveliso ekudalweni nasekuveleni izixhobo ze-elektroniki ze-elektroniki;
- Iziko lophando leprofayile;
- Iinkampani zokulungisa izixhobo ze-elektroniki nekhompyuter;
- Amaziko eeNkonzo.
Umsebenzi onemfundo ephezulu kwicandelo lobuchwephesha banokuqeshwa kwimeko yenjineli ye-elektroniki ngaphandle kwemvume kumava okuba lelokhethi. . Nangona kunjalo, esi sithuba sinokuhlala umqeshwa esinemfundo yesibini (ikholeji yezobugcisa okanye yesikolo sobugcisa). Kodwa umfaki-sicelo ongayigqibanga iYunivesithi yeProjekthi kufuneka abe namava kwisikhundla sendlela iminyaka emi-3 okanye amava kwezinye izinto ezinobugcisa kangangesithuba seminyaka emi-5 ubuncinci.
Kuxhomekeka ekuhlanjubeni okusebenzayo, iindidi ezininzi zabasebenzi zabelwe indawo yenjineli ye-elektroniki.
- Iinjineli zeNjineli yoMbane 3. Ngumsebenzi onemfundo ephezulu yobugcisa, kunye namava omsebenzi afunyenwe ngexesha loqeqesho okanye amava kwizikhundla zobugcisa ngaphandle kweziqinisekiso ezithile.
- Iinjineli ze-Elektroniki ezi-2. Lo ngumntu oneprofayile ephezulu yeprofayile, kunye namava kwisikhundla senjineli ye-elektroniki 3 ubuncinci iminyaka emi-3.
- Injineli ye-Elecline 1 . Umsebenzi onomfundi oqeqeshiweyo, kunye namava kwisikhundla senjineli ye-Electronitions ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-3 nangaphezulu.
Ngokucacileyo, iingcali ezinemfundo ephezulu kunye namava kubulungisa zineyona mibono mikhulu malunga nomsebenzi kunye nemivuzo. Kunjalo ngoba Uninzi lwabafundi bamaziko obuchwephesha basexesha lokufunda bacwangciswe kwiilabhoratri zovavanyo zeshishini. Ke, ukuba sele efumene idiploma, sele benamava, okuvumela ukuba ulungele isikhundla senjineli yodidi lwenqanaba elincinci. Kwaye sele emva kweminyaka engama-3-5, banokungenisa isicelo sokutshintshelwa kwelona nqanaba liphezulu le-elektroniki le-elektroniki.
