Umuntu ngamunye ufuna ukusebenzisa kahle amakhono okukhuluma, ukuhambisa amakhono imibono nemiyalo esebenzisa inkulumo enekhono, avikele kahle iphuzu lawo. Lezi zimfanelo zivumela ubuntu zifake kalula oxhumana nabo kalula nabantu, thola ukuxhumana okusebenzayo futhi okunobungane. Sikhuluma nge-sociability kanye nokuxhumana.
Yini ku-psychology?
Imali itholakala kalula ekusungulweni kobudlelwano obunobungane nobungane nebhizinisi nabanye. Ubuntu obuthathelanayo bungakhuluma ngekhono nomuntu wanoma yimuphi unyaka kanye nesimo senhlalo. Igama elithi Lord Communicabilis ngolimi lwesiLatin "lixhunyiwe", "mbika", "Ukuxhumana". Kwakheka ekuxhumaneni kwamagama esiLatin - "Ukuxhumana", "Ukuxhumana".
Umuntu ohlekisayo angasungula ukuxhumana nokuxhumana nanoma yisiphi isifundo, kungakhathalekile ukuthi isimo sakhe kanye nesilinganiso sabantu. Ukuxhumana kuhambisa injabulo enkulu. Umuntu onjalo uyazethemba, ngokushesha uthola amagama afanele, ayakwazi ukuxhumana nganoma yiziphi izihloko, azizwe kahle i-interlocutor yakhe. Unesifiso sokuxhumana, esivumelana nezimo koxhumana nabo, ephumelele ezingxoxweni zebhizinisi alahleka ezimweni ezihlukile futhi azivumelanise kalula nezimo ezintsha. Ukuba nezimpawu ezifanayo, ubuntu obunokuxhumana buvame ukuba ngumholi eqenjini.
Kwe-Psychology, lo mqondo unikezwa le ncazelo elandelayo: Ngaphansi komphakathi, kushiwo amandla okusungula ukuxhumana nabanye abantu, kugcinwe ukuxhumana okwakhayo nokukhulumisana ngokomzwelo. Abanye ochwepheshe baphakamisa ukuxhumana okusebenzayo nabanye. Isisebenzi esithathelanayo kuphela esingasebenzisa amandla aso kubuntatheli, izinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene zereferensi, ukuhweba, i-psychology.
Abakhangisi, abaphathi bezentengiso, abaphathi bezisebenzi, abaqondisi, abahleli bemicimbi ehlukahlukene kumele badinge umlingiswa onjalo onjenge-sociality. Ngaphandle kwalokho, umsebenzi ngeke akwazi ukwenzeka njengochwepheshe.
Yini ehlukile ekuxhumaneni?
Imvamisa abantu abanenhlalo abanenhlalo bahlala ngokuxhumana ngokuphelele. Bangakwazi ukufaka inkhulumomphendvulwano ngendlela efanele futhi bathambekele ezilalelini ngombono wabo. Ubuntu bokuxhumana buhlala buveza imicabango ngokucacile nangokucacile. Umehluko ukuthi ngokukhulumisana komuntu okuxhumana kungadala isithukuthezi, futhi ubuntu obunokuxhumana buwukucacisa amandla okuhlela ukuhlangana nabo, ukudala umoya othokozisayo phakathi nengxoxo. Lokhu kumane nje kuyibhizinisi lokuxhumana ngokuvamile kubonakaliswa ngokoma nobubi, umuntu oxhumana naye - ukukhanya nokuvezwa.
Umehluko wemiqondo emibili yilokho okuphathelene nesolwane kuyikhono lokusungulwa okunekhono lokuxhumana nezokuxhumana okuzungezile nokukhululeka ekuxhumaneni, kanye nokuxhumana ukuhambisana nemininingwane lapho kudluliselwa imininingwane edingekayo kumlaleli. Ukuxhumana kusho amandla okudlulisa imininingwane, imizwa, iziphetho kuya kwesinye isihloko ngendlela efanele futhi efinyelelekayo. Ngamanye amagama, ukuxhumana kuhlinzeka ngekhwalithi yokudluliswa kolwazi, kanye nezomnotho zibhekele uhlelo lokuxhumana olungokomzwelo. Umqondo wokuqala uvezwa ukuthi imininingwane edluliselwe ngokuphelele nangokunembile, okwesibili yikhono lokuthakazelisa abalaleli ngendaba yabo. Umuntu angaba nawo womabili la makhono noma omunye wabo.
Ukuxhumana akuyona ikhwalithi yangaphakathi. Kubandakanya ukukhululeka okusebenzayo, okungekho emcabangweni, ukuqonda kwemizwa ye-interlocutor, ukuphatha ulaka nemizwa yabo, amandla okuveza nokuvikela nokuvikela umbono wabo. Lezi zakhiwo zingathuthukiswa kukho konke impilo. Ukuxhumana okubhaliwe kuvezwa ngokugcwele ukulungiswa kwebhizinisi elihlukahlukene kanye nezinhlamvu zomuntu siqu, kugcwalisa imibhalo esemthethweni.
Amandla okuveza ngokucacile imicabango yawo imvamisa ahambisana namakhanda nangonobhala bawo.
Izinzuzo nobubi
Umuntu onobuhlakani ufinyelela ngokushesha izinhloso ezihlosiwe. Ubamba iqhaza ekuphileni kwezenhlalo emphakathini, uvumelane ngempumelelo impilo yakhe, esetshenziswa kulo msebenzi, imvamisa ifinyelela ezindaweni eziphakeme zomsebenzi, iza ngokuvumelana kwangaphakathi. Kuyadingeka inyala yokwakha ubudlelwano bomuntu siqu, ukusungula ubudlelwano nabalingani bebhizinisi, benza izingxoxo eziphumelelayo.
Umuntu oxhumana naye unikezwa izici eziningi ezinhle:
- Ukuxhumana kwe-Aaperate, amandla okuxhumana nabanye kalula: Gcina ingxoxo nganoma yisiphi isihloko, lalelisisa ku-interlocutor, uthole amaphuzu othintana nawo;
- ezolile, ezolile, ukuvuleleka, ukuntuleka kokungabi nalutho nokukhathazeka;
- Ukunakwa, ukuthakazelelwa nomusa;
- Ukuntuleka kwamahlathi angezinhle, izinkulumo ezingenanjongo neze neze;
- Amandla okudlulisela imininingwane ezungezile ngamandla abo.
Okubi okulandelayo kungokwemvelo kakhulu.
- Amandla wokuphindukuzalwa kabusha, iningi lokuguguleka komhlaba, i-RICH MIMIC, umdlalo onamagama, izinkulumo zokukhuluma ngokuzwakalayo zivame ukuholela ubuciko obukhulu;
- Amandla okuxhumana kwesinye isikhathi angathululelwa ezingxoxweni ezingenalutho, ukukhuluma ngokweqile;
- Izikhalazo ezivame ukuxhumana nezinto ezijwayelekile nezintsha ezijwayelekile, imiyalezo eminingi ngokusebenzisa izithunywa, okubizwa ngokuthi imihlangano engahleliwe ingabonwa ngabalingani njengokuqoba ngokweqile.
Ukubukisisa
Ngokuya ngendlela yokusetshenziswa kwabantu abanamandla abukhona bayo, ochwepheshe banquma amazinga wezobudlelwano. Isibonelo, umuntu okhetha ukuthula futhi angavezi umbono wakhe, abhekisele ebuntwini boMbuso ophansi. Isihloko esinjalo ngezikhathi ezithile sibhekene nezinkinga zomsebenzi wezabasebenzi nempilo yomuntu siqu.
Kwi-Psychology Social, yabela izinhlobo eziphambili zoxhumana phakathi kwabantu.
- Izinhlobo ezivelele Kwehluka kumafektri nokuqina. Umuntu onohlobo olunjalo ufuna ukuthatha isinyathelo kuqala engxoxweni. Akathandi ukumphazamisa. Kakade ngemizuzu yokuqala yengxoxo, umlaleli unomuzwa wokuthi ukuhlangana kwakhe kwagcwalisa yonke indawo etholakalayo.
- Uhlobo lweselula Idume ngomphakathi ophakeme, isivinini senkulumo kanye nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zokunyakaza. Abantu balolu hlobo bangabopha kalula ingxoxo. Ngasikhathi sinye, bangaphenya ngokushesha. Emkhakheni webhizinisi, ikhwalithi enjalo ingaholela ekunciphiseni ekusebenzeni kahle kwenkulumo. Ngokuxhumana kwansuku zonke, lolu hlobo lufanelekile.
- Ukubuka okuqinile Kubonakala ngokuba khona kobunzima obukhulu lapho ungena engxoxweni. Ubuntu balolu hlobo akulula ukwenza abantu obajwayele abasha. Ngemuva kokudlula esigabeni sokuqala senqubo yokuxhumana, umuntu onjalo uvame ukuba yi-interlocutor ethokozisayo nejabulisayo. Ukwahlulelwa futhi wabumba kahle isikhundla sawo. Inkulumo yayo inengqondo futhi icacile. Lolu hlobo lwezocansi lufanelekile kakhulu ekuxhumaneni kwebhizinisi okuthelayo.
- Uhlobo lwe-Introvert ethambekele kwisizungu. Ubonisa ukuthobeka nokuthula. Umuntu kunzima ukwethula ingxoxo engasho lutho. Akafuni ukuba nomthelela futhi ulungele ukukunikeza kalula. Izitatimende ezibukhali, ezinolaka zingakhipha i-introvert kusuka ku-rut. Ukuba khona kwabantu abangabazi kubangela ukuqina.
I-introvert idinga ukuvuma amagama okuqalisa. Ukuphikiswa kwezimpikiswano zakhe kungaba nomthelela ekuphazanyisweni okungalindelekile kokuxhumana kwenkulumo.
Amakhono Enhlanganyelo
Umuntu ngamunye kuyo yonke impilo yakhe uxhumana nabantu abehlukene. Amakhono okuxhumana akhiwa kancane kancane. Okokuqala, ingane iyaxhumana nabazali nakwezinye izingane. Lapho-ke umuntu uqala ukwakha ubudlelwano eqenjini. Ngale ndlela, ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono okuhlelekile kwenzeka.
Ubuntu obuthathelanayo bunezimfanelo ezilandelayo:
- ubudlelwano;
- Ukuthakazelelwa;
- ukubekezelela ingcindezi;
- umthwalo;
- Ukwanela;
- charm.
Izazi zezengqondo zabela izimpawu ezilandelayo zomuntu onobuntu:
- ukulungela izinkulumo zomphakathi;
- ikhono lokusho imicabango yakho;
- Ukuguqulwa okusheshayo kwesimo esingaziwa;
- Amandla okuhlela i-interlocutor;
- ukuzethemba ngombono wakho;
- amakhono okulalela;
- ukulungiselela ukuyekethisa;
- Ukubonakaliswa kokuqala kwengxoxo nengxoxo nomuntu ongaziwa.
Lezi zindawo ezingenhla zisiza lesi sihloko ukuze sizuze impumelelo emikhakheni yempilo ehlukahlukene.
Emsebenzini
Ubuntu obuthathelanayo bungaphila ngekhono izingxoxo ezibalulekile futhi uzuze imiphumela oyifunayo. Le mfanelo ibaluleke kakhulu ebukhweni abaningi. Umuntu onobudlova uyakwazi ukuhlela iklayenti kuye, wehlise ikhasimende elingagculisekile futhi axazulule kalula ukungqubuzana kwanoma yikuphi ukuxaka. Angancenga umlingani ukuthi enze isivumelwano, ukunciphisa isikhathi sokuthola imibhalo edingekayo.Ekuxhumayo
Isihloko sizizwa kahle kahle isimo se-interlocutor. Endleleni yakhe yokuxhumana ayinakho okwethusayo nokuqashelwa. Uyakwazi ukubalalela abantu, ahlaziye imininingwane etholakele futhi enze iziphetho ezifanele.
Ungalokothi ufihle iqiniso lokungasebenzi kwalo kwezinye izindaba futhi angalimbozi ngemfudlana yengxoxa engenanjongo.
Ungakuhlakulela Kanjani?
Amandla okwenza inkhulumomphendvulwano ephilayo iyadingeka zombili entombazaneni encane nendoda endala enesihlwayi. Ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ukuguqula umuntu onoshukela osuselwa emthethweni ku-interlocutor emnandi. Lokhu kudinga umsebenzi wobuhlungu. Okubaluleke kuqala ukujwayela indlela enethemba. Ngomuntu onomusa, omomotheka futhi onobungane, ngifuna ukuxhumana ngaphezu kwenhlangano ethambile. Musa ukuwela esihlalweni. Iya kunoma yimuphi umhlangano ngemimoya ephezulu. Zizwe ukhululekile ukubuza umgwaqo kuPasstersby engahleliwe. Ukuziphatha okunjalo kunomthelela ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlobo.
Jabulela ukuxhumana kwenkulumo. Zilungiselele inkhulumomphendvulwano emihle. Lapho uhlangana nomngane wakudala, ungashiyi ekuxhumaneni naye. Woza kuye, buza ukuthi wenzani njengamanje. Musa ukuguqukela kwimisebenzi esemthethweni. Mtshele ngempilo yakho, izintshisekelo zakho nezinkinga eziphuthumayo. Inkulumo kumele isuswe futhi icace. Ukugeleza okude kakhulu kwemininingwane enemininingwane eyeqile kuthathwa kakhulu ngumlaleli.
Uma ufisa, ungahlala ulawula ngokulawula izingxoxo futhi ngasikhathi sinye ungangeni esimweni esingesihle. Ukuze wenze lokhu, udinga ukulandela imikhandlu eminingana yezazi zengqondo.
- Kunoma imuphi umkhathi, owenza sengathi ngesikhathi sengxoxo, hlala uzolile. Ungakhathazeki ngenxa yokuthula okulengiswe emoyeni. Ungethuki, qondisa izingubo zakho, ukuskena emuva noma ebunzini, ukububula kanzima. Ungazigxeki. Izimo eziningi zokuphila ziphakamisa ukuthula. Uma i-interlocutor yakho ingemuva kwesondo, khona-ke kufanelekile ukumisa engxoxweni yakho. Uzothumela isibonakaliso ekuthuleni kwakho ofuna ukuqhubeka nokuxhumana. Ungakhohlwa ngobuso obuncanyana obukhona phakathi kwezocansi nokucasulayo.
- Ngesikhathi sokuthula okubusayo, nikeza isihloko esisha ingxoxo, uma nje enesifiso esilalekayo sakho. Ungakutshela ngencwadi esanda kufundwa, uhambo oluhehayo, izilwane ezifuywayo, ukukhulisa izingane, izindaba zomhlaba ezithokozisayo. Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele okungenani uqonde isihloko esiphakanyisiwe.
- Sabalalisa izimpahla emoyeni wokuthula ocindezelayo usebenzisa ihlaya noma indaba ehlekisayo.
Amandla okusungula oxhumana nabo, amandla okuxhumana okwakhayo athinta umkhakha wezobuchwepheshe. Kahle amakhono asebenzayo wokuxhumana okubalulekile kubaluleke kakhulu kumphathi. Lo msebenzi udinga ikhono lokuheha amakhasimende, ukuwanqabela ohlangothini lwawo, uma kunesidingo, ukuyekethisa, ukususa ama-voltage kusetshenziswa amahlaya okuphatha, ukwenza izixazululo ezidingekayo ngesikhathi.
Ukuze usebenzise ngekhono lezi zenzo, kuyadingeka ukulandela ukuhlanzeka kwenkulumo yakho, gwema amagama athi amazwi, ugcwalise njalo ulwazimagama. Udinga ukuqeqesha isichazamazwi futhi uphefumule nsuku zonke, yenza izivivinyo ukulungisa ukuphakama komsindo nokuchazwa. Ukuhambisana nefomula ye-Etiquette kunikeza ukutakula ukuzethemba nokukhululeka ekukhulumisaneni kwenkulumo, ngoba uSomlomo akesabi ukuzwa ukungabaza ngenxa yesiliphu esingahleliwe noma isenzo esingalungile.
Ukwenza ngcono ubudlelwano kungenzeka ngokwenza izivivinyo zomuntu ngamunye nezolo. Ushiywe yedwa naye, zama ukubiza isilo sokulalela isilaleli esingabonakali. Mtshele nganoma yisiphi isifundo noma into ende kangaka njengomagama wesilulumagama namandla akho. Joyina ukuxhumana kwenkulumo nabadlulayo abangahleliwe - ngabahambi esikanye nabo ezithuthweni zomphakathi, abeluleki ezitolo ezahlukahlukene. Khulisa nsuku zonke inani lezingxoxo nabantu abangaziwa.
Ukuqeqeshwa ngokuhlangana kufaka isandla ekusungulweni kokuzethemba. Basiza umuntu ukuthi ahoxise izithiyo zengqondo. Imidlalo ye-Command ifaka isandla ekubonakaleni kalula ngesikhathi sokuxhumana.
Okokuqala ukuqala ukusebenza ekuthuthukisweni kwezinhlobonhlobo, kukhula amathuba okuqonda kahle amakhono okuxhumana okukhulu.
Indoda yasebuntwaneni yasesibili ifunda ukuqonda abanye abantu, bathathe amagama afanele engxoxweni, bakha umugqa wokuziphatha esimweni samanje. Ingane kufanele igcwalise inzuzo ngokwemvelo.
- Udinga ukukhuthaza imidlalo emphakathini wezinye izingane. Lezo zenzakalo ezinjalo zilingisa impilo yabantu abadala kanye nezici zokuba khona emphakathini.
- Isikhathi esiningi kufanele sinikezwe ukuthuthukiswa kwenkulumo. Funda izincwadi zezingane, uholele engxoxweni naye ngezihloko ezahlukahlukene. Qaphela inkulumo yakho, ngoba isebenza njengereferensi yengane. Izingane zisebenzisa ngenkuthalo i-Manera ukuze akhulume nabazali abangama-lexicon.
- Ingane ephikisanayo enganeni yokuxhumana. Zihambele izindawo ezigcwele kaningi naye. Bhala ingane engxenyeni yezemidlalo. Shayela kuma-mugs ahlukahlukene. EMNYANGO EMNDENI NEMKHAYA KUKHONA IZINGANE.
- Ukuthuthukisa amakhono okudala engane. Yinikeze umculo noma esikoleni sobuciko. Mhambise izifundo zezwi. Nikeza ingane ithuba lokuvakashela noma yiziphi izitudiyo zokudala zezingane. Ingane idinga ukuthuthukiswa okungokomzwelo nokudala.
- Izingane ziqondiswa yisilinganiso sabazali. Uyiqiniso okuzenzakalelayo kubo. Isilinganiso sincike kokuthile okwenziwe yingane. Ungadumisa futhi wethuke kuphela ngezenzo, kepha hhayi izimfanelo zomuntu siqu. Kumele sidumise ingane ngokusiza umama nothuli lokungcola egumbini. Kepha akunakuqhathaniswa nokushintshwa ngokungeyona eyomlando, ukushelela kwemvelo. Akufanele umntwana athuke kanjalo, ngenxa yama-trifles. Angajwayela umcabango wokuthi okubi kakhulu kuzo zonke izingane.
Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi uhlanganyele ingane. Kukhanyisa isimo sokubuyela emuva.
