Munhu wega wega anoda kushandisa hunyanzvi hwekutaura hunyanzvi kutaura, achishandisa zvine hunyanzvi kutaura uye mirayiridzo uchishandisa kutaura kwakanaka, kudzivirira maonero ayo. Hunhu uhwu hunobvumira hunhu kuti uise nyore kuisana nevanotarisana nevanhu, wana zvinobatsira uye hushamwari hukama. Tiri kutaura nezvehunyanzvi uye kutaurirana.
Chii chiri mu psychology?
Kukurukurirana kunoreva kusunungurwa mukugadzwa kwehukama uye bhizinesi hukama nevamwe. Hunhu hunotambudza hunogona kutaura nehunyanzvi nemunhu wezera rako uye vanhu munharaunda. Izwi rekuti Communicabiri Shoko mumutauro wechiLatin "rakabatana", "ridza", "kutaura". Iyo inoumbwa kubva mukutaura kwechiLatin kwechiLatin - "Bata", "kutaurirana".
Munhu anehungwaru anogona kutanga kutaurirana achikurukurirana nechero nyaya, zvisinei nechimiro chake uye degree reanozivana. Kukurukurirana kununura kunakidzwa kukuru. Munhu akadaro ane chivimbo, anokurumidza kuwana mazwi akakodzera, anokwanisa kutaurirana pane chero misoro, nyatso inzwa wake. Ari mucherechedzo, anochinjika mumatauriri, akabudirira mukutaurirana bhizinesi hairasika mumamiriro ezvinhu akasiyana uye anoenderana nyore nyore kumamiriro matsva. Kuva nehunhu hwakafanana, hunhu hunotambudza hunowanzova mutungamiri muchikwata.
MuPsychology, pfungwa iyi inopihwa tsanangudzo inotevera: Pasi chivakwa, zvinorehwa nekugona kutanga kusangana nevamwe vanhu, kurirangarira kukurukurirana kukurukurirana uye kutaurirana mupfungwa. Vamwe purofesa vanoratidza kutaurirana kunoshanda nevamwe. Mumwe chete Anotaurirana anogona kushandisa mukana wayo munhau, akasiyana-siyana ezita rezita, kutengeserana, psychology.
Vatengesi, maneja ekutengesa, maneja maneja, vatungamiri, vaironga zviitiko zvakasiyana-siyana zvinofanirwa kuitisa hunhu hwakadai hwakafanana nehunyanzvi. Zvikasadaro, mushandi haazokwanisi kuitika sehunyanzvi.
Chii chakasiyana nekutaurirana?
Kazhinji vanhu vanobatana vane hukama Ivo vanogona kutumira hurukuro munzira kwayo uye kurira vateereri kune avo mafungiro avo. Hunhu hwekukurukurirana hunogara hunoratidza pfungwa zvakajeka uye zvakajeka. Musiyano ndewekuti nemunhu anokurukurirana kutaurirana anogona kukonzera kushungurudzika, uye hunhu hunonamata hune hunhu hwekugona kuronga ngoperekedzi ivo pachavo, kuti vagadzire mamiriro ezvinhu anonakidza panguva yekukurukurirana. Ichi chingori chiitiko chinotaurirana chinowanzoonekwa nekuoma nenhamo, munhu anotaurirana - kupenya uye kuratidzwa.
Misiyano yezvinonhuwirira zviviri zvekutaurirana neunyanzvi hwekusimudzirwa zvine hunyanzvi hwekusangana neakapoteredzwa uye nekureruka mukukurukurirana, uye kutaurirana kwekunzwisisa kana kuchinjisa ruzivo rwunodiwa kune muteereri. Kukurukurirana kunoreva kugona kuburitsa ruzivo, manzwiro, mhedziso kune imwe nyaya mune chaiyo uye inowanikwa fomu. Mune mamwe mazwi, kutaurirana kunopa hunhu hwekutamiswa kweruzivo, uye magariro ane mhosva yehurongwa hwekutaura kwepfungwa. Pfungwa yekutanga inotaridzirwa kuti yakakwana sei uye yakanyorwa ruzivo, iyo yechipiri kugona kufarira vateereri nenyaya yavo. Munhu anogona kuve neaya maviri ehunyanzvi kana mumwe wavo.
Kukurukurirana hakusi kwemhando yemukati. Inosanganisira kunzwa kushanya, kutaurirana kusiri kwekutaura, kunzwisisa kwemanzwiro okutaura, achitarisira kutsamwa kwavo uye manzwiro avo, kugona kutaura nekudzivirira kwavo. Izvi zvivakwa zvinogona kuvandudzwa muhupenyu hwese. Kukurukurirana kwakanyorwa kunoratidzwa mugadziriro yakazara yekugadzirira kwakasiyana-siyana bhizinesi uye mavara emunhu, kuzadza zvinyorwa zvepamutemo.
Iko kugona kutaura zvakajeka pfungwa yavo kunowanzo kuve kune misoro nevanyori vavo.
Zvakanakira uye Zvakashata
Munhu ane hukama anokurumidza kuwana zvinangwa zvakarongwa. Iye anoshingairira anotora chikamu muhupenyu hwemagariro enharaunda, zvinobudirira hupenyu hwake, ari kuitwa mubasa, kazhinji anosvika pakakwirira, anouya kuwirirana kwemukati. Kukurukurirana kunodiwa kuti uvake hukama hwako pachako, kumisikidza hukama nevabati vebhizinesi, vachiita nhaurirano dzakabudirira.
Munhu anotaurirana anoiswa neyakajairika yezvinhu zvakanaka:
- Kukurukurirana kweasoperate, kugona kusangana zviri nyore nevamwe: Chengetedza kutaurirana pane chero nyaya, teerera nokungwarira kune iyo Interlocutor, tsvaga mapoinzi ekuonana;
- dzikama, kudzikama, kuvhurika, kushaya kushushikana uye kusagadzikana;
- kuteerera, kudai moyo;
- kushaiwa kwekunetseka kwekumbomira, kusanzwisisika uye zvisina zvazvinobatsira kutaura.
- Iko kugona kuburitsa kune iyo yakatenderedza ruzivo nezve masimba avo.
Zvinotevera zvinyararidzo zvakazara mushe.
- Kukwanisa kuunganidza patsva, kuwanda kwakawanda, kupfuma kutevedzera, mutambo nereshoko, kutaura kutaura, kutaura kwekutaura kunowanzoita kuti vawedzere kuwandisa;
- Iko kugona kutaurirana kunogona dzimwe nguva kudururwa mukukurukurirana pasina chinhu, kutaura kwakawandisa;
- Kazhinji anokwezva kukwikwidzana kwekare uye new kuwanda kwekukurukurirana kwenharembozha, mameseji mazhinji kuburikidza nhume, zvinonzi musangano unonzi unogona kuoneka nevatikani sekunyanyisa kuwanda.
Views
Zvichienderana nenzira yekushandiswa nevanhu vemo mukana wekukurukurirana, nyanzvi dzinozivisa zviyero zvehunyanzvi. Semuenzaniso, munhu anosarudza kunyarara uye asingataure mafungiro ake, zvinoreva hunhu hwakadzika-hwakaderera. Chinyorwa chakadaro chinotarisana nematambudziko mukutongwa kwebasa uye hupenyu hwomunhu.
Mune Socialchology Psychology, kugovera mhando huru dzekutaurirana kwevanhu.
- Marudzi makuru Inosiyana mumakomisheni uye kuomarara. Munhu ane mhando yakadaro anotsvaga kutora danho rekutanga mukutaura. Haadi kumumisa. Wakatove mumaminitsi ekutanga ehurukuro, muteereri anonzwa kuti kupindira kuvapo kwake kwakazadza nzvimbo dzese.
- Nharembozha Inozivikanwa nenharaunda huru, kumhanya kwekutaura uye akasiyana siyana ekufamba kwemitambo. Vanhu vemarudzi aya vanogona kusunga nyore kutaura. Panguva imwe chete, vanogona kukurumidza kurasikirwa kufarira. Mubhizinesi nzvimbo, hunhu hwakadaro hunogona kutungamira mukuderera kwekutaura kwekutaura kwekukurukurirana. Kwekukurukurirana kwemazuva ese, iyi mhando yakakodzera kwazvo.
- Kuona Rigid Iyo inoratidzirwa nekuvapo kwezvinetso zvikuru kana uchipinda hurukuro. Hunhu hwerudzi urwu hazvisi nyore kuita vaunozivana. Mushure mekupfuura iyo yekutanga nhanho yekukurukurirana, munhu akadaro anowanzova anonakidza uye anofadza muparidzi. Anotongwa uye akajekesa zvakajeka chinzvimbo charo. Kutaura kwayo zvine musoro uye zvakajeka. Rudzi urwu rwehunyanzvi rwakakodzera kukodzera kutaurirana kubereka bhizinesi.
- Intrevert mhando inoda kusurukirwa. Iye anoratidza kuzvininipisa uye kunyarara. Munhu akaoma kutanga kutaura kwechokwadi. Haatsvaga kuve wekutanga uye akagadzirira kuzvirerutsa. Zvirevo zvakapinza, zvisina kujairika zvinogona kugogodza kunze kwerudzi. Kuvapo kwevatorwa kunokonzeresa kusimba.
Iyo inonyadzisa inoda kubvumidza mazwi ekutanga. Iko kurapa kwekupokana kwake kunogona kubatsira pakukanganisa kusingatarisirwi kwekutaurirana kwekutaura.
Unyanzvi hwekutaurirana
Mumwe nemumwe munhu muhupenyu hwake hwese anoshanda nevanhu vakasiyana. Kugona kutaurirana kwakaumbwa zvishoma nezvishoma. Kutanga, mwana anokurukura nevabereki nevamwe vana. Ipapo munhu wacho anotanga kuvaka hukama muchikwata. Nenzira iyi, kukura kwakarongeka kwehunyanzvi kunoitika.
Hunhu hunotambudza hune hunhu hunotevera:
- Sociability;
- Kunaka;
- kusimbisa kushivirira;
- basa;
- kukwana;
- runako.
Nyanzvi dzepfungwa dzinogovera zviratidzo zvinotevera zvemunhu ane hukama:
- Kugadzirira kutaurirana nevanhu;
- kugona kutaura pfungwa dzako;
- Nekukurumidza kujairana kune mamiriro asina kujairika mamiriro;
- Kugona kuronga iyo Interlocutor;
- kuvimba nemaonero ako;
- Kuteerera hunyanzvi;
- kugadzirira kwekukanganisa;
- Kuratidzwa kwekutanga mukukurukurirana nemweni.
Zvivakwa pamusoro apa zvinobatsira nyaya kuti uwane kubudirira muhupenyu hwakasiyana siyana.
Mubasa
Hunhu hunonongedzana hunogona kutungamira kutaurirana kwakakosha uye kuzadzisa zvido zvaunoda. Unhu uhwu hunokosheswa muzvikamu zvakawanda. Munhu anehungwaru anokwanisa kuronga mutengi kwaari, kudzikamisa mutengi asina kugutsikana uye kugadzirisa zviri nyore kupokana kwekunetseka kwakawanda. Anogona kunyengerera mumwe wake kuti aite chibvumirano, kuderedza nguva yekuwana zvinyorwa zvinodiwa.Mukukurukurirana
Nyaya yacho inonzwa zvakanyatsonaka mumamiriro ekupindirana. Mukukurukurirana kwake kutaurirana haanetsi uye kuongorora. Iye anoziva nzira yekuteerera vanhu, Ongorora kuti ruzivo rwunotambirwa uye kuita mhedziso yakakodzera.
Usamboviga chokwadi chekusakwanisa kwake mune zvimwe zvinhu uye hazvifukidze nehuremu hwekutaura zvisina chinangwa.
Kukura Kwaungaita?
Iko kugona kwekuitisa dialogue yehupenyu kunodiwa kune musikana mudiki uye murume akanzwa ekare. Nehurombo, hazvigoneke kushandura hunhu hunyoro hwakashata mukunakidzwa kwekunakidzwa. Izvi zvinoda basa rekurwadzisa. Yekutanga yekutanga ndeyekuzvigadzirisa pachako kune yakanaka nzira. Nemurume ane mutsva, anonyemwerera uye ane hushamwari, ini ndoda kutaurirana zvinopfuura neine hushamwari. Usawire muBore. Enda kune chero musangano mune midzimu mitsva. Inzwa wakasununguka kubvunza mugwagwa pane zvisina kujairika vaipfuura. Maitiro akadaro anobatsira kukudziridzwa kwekutaurirana.
Nakidzwa nekutaura kwekutaura. Gadzirira iwe kune yakanaka hurukuro. Paunosangana neshamwari yekare, usasiya nekutaura naye. Huya kwaari, bvunza zvaari kuita izvozvi. Usatendeukira kuFormal. Muudze nezve hupenyu hwako pachako, zvaunofarira uye zvinetso zvekukurumidzira. Kutaura kunofanira kudzingwa uye kujekeswa. Kuyerera kwenguva refu kweruzivo nezvakawanda zvakanyanyisa zvinoonekwa zvakanyanya nemuteereri.
Kana iwe uchida, iwe unogona kugara uchiita kutonga pamusoro pekutaurirana uye panguva imwe chete kwete kupinda mumamiriro ezvinhu anosetsa. Kuti uite izvi, iwe unofanirwa kuomerera kune akati wandei makomputa evanopokana.
- Mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu, ayo akanyepedzera panguva yekukurukurirana, ramba wakadzikama. Usanetseka nekuda kwekunyarara kurembera mumhepo. Usavhunduka, ruramisa nguo dzako, dzichikanda kumashure kana pahuma, kugomera. Usazvipa mhosva. Mamiriro mazhinji ehupenyu akawanda anokurudzira kunyarara. Kana yako interlocutor yako iri kuseri kwevhiri, saka yakakodzera kumbomira mukutaura kwako. Iwe uchatumira chiratidzo kune rugare rwako rwaunoda kuenderera mberi nekutaurirana. Usakanganwa nezvechiso chakararama chakatetepa pakati pehukama uye kutsamwisa.
- Munguva yekunyarara kusatendeka, ipa nyaya nyowani yekukurukurirana, kana iye chete anofarira muteereri wako. Iwe unogona kukuudza nezve bhuku rinenge richangobva kuverenga, rwendo runonakidza, mhuka dzinovaraidza, kurera vana, nhau dzepasi rese. Panguva imwecheteyo, iwe unofanirwa kunzwisisa musoro wenyaya.
- Govera midziyo mumhepo yekudzvinyirira yakanyarara uchishandisa joke kana inonakidza nyaya.
Iko kugona kumisikidza vanobatana, kugona kwekukurukurirana zvinovaka kunoita kuti nyanzvi yezvipenga. Tenzi hunyanzvi hunoshanda hwekudyidzana kwekutaurirana hunokosha zvakanyanya maneja. Basa iri rinoda kukwezva vatengi, kuti vazviratidze kudivi ravo, kana zvichidikanwa, kuti vabvumire, bvisa voltage vachishandisa manejimendi kuseka, kuita mhinduro dzinodiwa munguva.
Kushandisa zvine hunyanzvi zviito izvi, zvinodikanwa kutevera kuchena kwehurukuro yako, dzivirira mazwi-zvipembenene, gara uchizadza izwi. Iwe unofanirwa kudzidzisa kuraira uye kufema zuva rega rega, kuita zvekushandisa kugadzirisa kukwirira kwezwi uye kuoneka. Kuteerana neiyo nzira dzepfuti inopa chivimbo chekutaura uye kusununguka pakutaurirana kwekutaura, sezvo mutauri haatye kuzotyisidzira kushungurudzika nekuda kwekutsvedza kana kuita zvisiri izvo.
Kuvandudza mavowero inokwanisika nekuita wega uye pamwe chete maekisesaizi. Akasiyiwa ndega iye oga, edza kutaura nezve monologue kune muteereri asingaonekwe. Muudze nezvenyaya ipi neipi kana phenomenon kwenguva yakareba kunge izwi remazwi emazwi uye simba rako. Join Kutaurirana Kutaurirana nevanopfuura nevanopfuura-na, vafambi vafambi vari munzvimbo dzeveruzhinji, vanopa mazano akasiyana siyana. Zuva nezuva vanowedzera huwandu hwekukurukurirana nevanhu vasina kujairika.
Kudzidziswa pamwe kunobatsira pakugadzwa kwekuvimba. Vanobatsira munhu kubvisa zvipinganidzo zvepfungwa. Mitambo yekuraira inobatsira pakuonekwa kwekurerutsa panguva yekukurukurirana.
Iyo yekutanga kutanga kushanda mukuvandudzwa kwekutaurirana, iyo yakakura mikana yekugadzirisa hunyanzvi hwekutaura kwekutaura.
Murume kubva achiri mudiki anodzidza kunzwisisa vamwe vanhu, tora mazwi akakodzera ekukurukurirana, kuvaka mutsara wehunhu mumamiriro ezvinhu aripo. Mwana anofanira kushandura kutaurirana nenzira yachena.
- Iwe unofanirwa kukurudzira mitambo munharaunda yevamwe vana. Zviitiko zvakadaro zvinotevedzera hupenyu hwevakuru uye zvinhu zvekuvapo munharaunda.
- Nguva yakawanda inofanira kupihwa mukuvandudzwa kwekutaura. Verenga mabhuku emwana, tungamira kurukurirano pamwe naye pamisoro dzakasiyana siyana. Chenjerera kutaura kwako, sezvazvinoreva sekureva kwemwana. Vana vanoshingairira kuti Manera ataure uye vabereki vashoma.
- Pusk zvisina musoro mwana kutaurirana. Kuenda kunzvimbo dzakazara nevanhu. Nyora pasi mwana muchikamu chemitambo. Dhiraivha pane dzakasiyana siyana mugs. Mudzimba nemhuri mune izvo kune vana.
- Gadzira kugona kwekugadzira kwemwana. Ipa iyo kumimhanzi kana art chikoro. Rega ashanyire zvidzidzo zvezwi. Ipa mwana mukana wekushanyira dzevana dzevana dzevana dzevana. Mucheche unoda kukura kwepamoyo uye kusika.
- Vana vanotungamirirwa nechiyero chevabereki. Ndiye chokwadi chakasvibisa kwavari. Fungidziro inozviisa pasi pechimwe chinhu chakagadzirwa nemwana. Iwe unogona kurumbidza uye utsike chete zviito, asi kwete zvehunhu pachako. Isu tinofanirwa kurumbidza mwana kuti abatsire amai vangu neguruva kuti vandomesere mukamuri. Asi pasina mhosva haigone kutsiviwa neisina-nhoroondo, slass solwns. Izvo hazvina kukodzera mwana kuti atore zvakadaro, nekuda kwemakonzo. Anogona kujaira kufunga kuti ndirwo rwakaipisisa pavana vese.
Zvinoitawo kuti unzwe mwana. Zvinoitika mamiriro ezvinhu.
