Each person periodically faces scattering attention due to extraneous thoughts that do not give to concentrate on the necessary actions. Special training can help you come to the state of collens and increase your attentiveness.
What it is?
The description of the word "attentiveness" is reduced to his two values, one of which is courtesy, manifestation of attention to someone, caringness. The field of psychology includes the concept with the second meaning. It is reflected in the following definition: attentiveness is the property of consciousness based on increased concentration and concentration of attention on some facility, phenomenon or activity.
The personality reflects the ability or inability of a person to use the basic properties of attention: volume, orientation, focusing, distribution, intensity, tension, stability and switching.
These properties are inextricably linked to the subjective activities. At the initial stage, attention is evenly distributed into several phenomena or objects. At this point there is no sustainable concentration. The consciousness is then lined with the most important actions or items necessary for a specific work. Mental processes begin to fix them.
Attentiveness depends on the ability to focus, focus on the main thing with distraction from secondary data, unnecessary stimuli during any activity. With poorly developed arbitrariness of mental processes, fucked attention in the desired object occurs with difficulty. Tabs are difficult to keep attention on something for a long time. Noise in the classroom or thoughts on the upcoming football can prevent the schoolboy to focus on the execution of a written task. Thus, the concentration of attention in the implementation of certain actions is usually difficult in the presence of external stimuli or disrupted thoughts.
In psychology, attentiveness does not belong to an independent mental process. It reflects signs of other processes. The subject acts, reflects, listens, looks carefully or inattentively. Attentive as a person's quality is formed as a result of workout. Some succeeds to achieve skill in the ability to concentrate on a very boring business.
Such a process otherually indicates a high competence of the demonstrating excellent results of an employee in the structure of professional labor.
Levels
Psychology describes 3 levels of opportunity to use a person attentiveness.
- Passive degree may be due to involuntary attention. It is installed and maintained regardless of the desire of the subject. The impact of an irritant involuntarily creates a short-term installation that is not aware of the person himself. The psychological state of the individual and past experience allows you to recognize stimuli and quickly engage in the usual activities. The minuses of involuntary attention include a decrease in the productivity of work as a whole. The appearance of passive care is such reasons:
- moving items;
- surprise, strength or novelty of an irritant;
- contrast of actions or objects;
- mental state of personality.
- Arbitrary attentiveness is based on conscious management of his own attention, systematic concentration on a certain work. Psychological peculiarities include its accompaniment with the experience of voltage and volitional effort. This level of attention has the following types:
- Actually, arbitrary attentiveness is aimed at achieving the selected target in advance;
- The volitional concentration helps abstract from distracting factors and concentrate on a particular case;
- Expectant attentiveness is associated with vigilance, caution.
- Stage of post-proof attentiveness means the presence of conscious aims for the object of attention in the absence of voltage characteristic of arbitrary concentration.
The emergence of a new installation is associated with the relevance of actions, and not with the preceding experience of the subject.
What skills provide attentiveness?
This quality allows a person to improve his skills in finding various shortcomings, comparison capabilities. Attentive people have a skill to notice any changes, fix in the head what they see or feel. Writers and artists are distinguished by the ability to observe things to which ordinary people most often pay attention. Creative images are typical of the person described in detail after a mime meeting with him.
Care is interrelated with observation. Eyewitnesses of some one incident can describe it in different ways. It depends on their ability to show observation, which lies in the ability to notice significant or low-cost details. A professional point of view can differ significantly from the opinion of the amateur, the adequacy of the perception of the reality of which will be significantly lower.
Many professionals need attention to trifles. The employee gives instructions in which sequence to perform actions at which stage to check one part at what point is another item. A similar algorithm helps a person in professional matters. For example, a watchmaker must be placed microscopic parts so that the entire clock apparatus work is cooled.
Attentiveness under certain circumstances more than once saved people life. In order to develop this quality, parents since childhood vaccinate the child the ability to correctly cross the road: "First look to the left, then - right, you will be able to move in your safety and only then start moving."
What is possible to reduce?
Problems with attention may arise due to stress, anxiety, depression, improper nutrition, poor sleep, insufficient physical activity. The emergence of the Internet led to a decrease in concentration on something important. Social networks, messengers with enabled notifications constantly distract the user. Concentrate in the manifestation of the maximum effort is sometimes not obtained due to reading books from the mobile device evening. Scattered on the link page, a large number of open tabs dispel a person's attention.
The following reasons often lead to a decrease in care:
- fatigue, overvoltage of the nervous system;
- the need to simultaneously perform a variety of tasks;
- Low level of motivation, interest of the subject;
- reluctance to make extra efforts, laziness;
- age changes associated with brain disorder;
- Dispelness as an identity property.
Practices for improvement
There are many different techniques with which you can get rid of inattention. Especially effective techniques capable of organizing the concentration of the subject on the details. When calculating the objects of one species, it is recommended to concentrate on their quantity from 4 to 10. For example, try to remember 4 elements of clothing from any passerby, try to create a logical chain. Before going to bed, restore what focused your attention on the day. Try to consider passing cars of a certain color or lead the simultaneous counting of poplars and birch, found along the way home.
In Table, the Shulte chaotically scattered numbers. They should be found and mentally positioned in the desired sequence: from 1 to 25. The concentration of attention on the necessary numbers and the dissection of them is trained by the brain. It is necessary to spend no more than 4 minutes. You can complicate the task of arrangement in order of numbers of different sizes and colors. You can find illustrations with lots of numbers.
Attracting attention to details can tasks calculated on a comparison of two pictures that differ from each other with minor elements. When searching for the differences, the work of the brain is aimed at finding hardly distinguishable parts. In this way, care and observation are trained. Drawing through cells and graphic dictates are reduced to the image of repeating pattern elements.
Simultaneous mirror drawing with two hands of circles, triangles, squares, zigzags with compliance with the smoothness of lines and acute angles trains attention and develops the right hemisphere of the brain.
During the implementation of the exercise on the perception of the color spectrum in the Strup table, it is necessary to say out loud not written word, and its coloring. The difficulty is that the word "yellow" can be written in red, and "green" to have a blue tone. It confuses. Overcoming such a dissonance contributes to improving the ability to focus its attention.
Various games have great importance in developing attentiveness, as they always have certain rules and actions that require concentration and observation. Games in checkers and chess contribute to the development of intelligence. The old fun "black with white do not take, and there is no not saying" implies questions provoking the answer with the Forbidden Word. The player must be answered quickly and at the same time thoughtfully.
Games "Sea battle", "Welcome bug" develop concentration and concentration of attention in children and adults. Well trains the observation game "Memori". We need to remember the objects lying on the table. Then some kind of man turns away. His partner at this time removes one thing. Turning, the player must call the disappeared object.
Especially for children developed the Magic Squares techniques, the purpose of which is to develop attention from schoolchildren. It is a modification of the Sudoku puzzle. At the initial stage, the child should find one digit in the window, then it is necessary to find 1-2, then - 2-3 and until the amount of numbers in each line, column and on both diagonals will not be the same.
