Umuntu wanamuhla ubhekene nezimo ezahlukahlukene ezibukhali futhi eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga ngokushesha, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu - ukusabela okulungile. Umndeni, kwezenhlalo, amabhizinisi, ezomnotho, ubudlelwane bezepolitiki buncike olwazini lokuziphatha okwamukelekayo ngokuvamile. Uma umuntu engazi ukuthi angaziphatha kanjani kahle, ngokungenza ngokungazi, kungaba ngamabomu - isithunzi sakhe sebhizinisi sihlushwa imithungo emithungo.
I-Etiquette ukulawulwa kokuziphatha okuthinta imikhakha ehlukene yobudlelwano babantu (Ukuxhumana, Isiko Lokugqoka, Amasiko Ezwe, Ezokuxhumana Kwebhizinisi).
Yini?
I-Etiquette njengento engokomlando ihlanganisa uhlangothi lokuziphatha noluhle lobukhona bethu.
Njengomphakathi wakudala, bekukhona izinkambiso zokhonkolo zokuziphatha kweqembu ngalinye lomphakathi: Amadoda abenzele ukudla, avikeleke izitha, abadala baphasa izingane, baqongelele amasha. Ikhodi yasendulo yokuziphatha ingabizwa ngokuthi isiShayina "Incwadi Yezinganekwane Zomlando" Okushiwo ngezimfanelo eziyinhloko zomuntu: isibindi, ukuthembeka, ukuhlakanipha, abantu, ukukhulekela abadala.
Sihambe emakhulwini eminyaka, wonke amasiko amasha avelile, isimilo sashintsha. Konke lokhu kuhlanganiswe kumqondo ofanayo we- "Etiquette". Kunezincazelo eziningi ezahlukahlukene zalo mqondo. Isikisela okuvame kakhulu ukuthi inhlonipho iqoqo lemithetho yokuziphatha emphakathini.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi, "izimiso" eziningi kanye "ne-etiquete" imiqondo efanayo. Ngokuvamile, lokhu kuyiqiniso, incazelo yamagama ixhumeke kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, igama elithi "etiquette" (Etiquette) - Imvelaphi yesiFulentshi, kanye ne- "Ethikis" (Ethaka kusuka e-Ethos ingumkhuba, intukuthelo) - IsiGreek. "I-Etiquette" ihunyushwe ngokuthi "Qaphela, ilebula". EFrance, leli gama labonisa incwadi - umthetho wezenzo zomkhosi.
ERussia, ubuholi bokuqala obukuhle bavele ngaphansi kukaPeter I, owashisa iwindi eYurophu. Wayeqonde, akazange acabange ngezabalwane, ngakho-ke iqoqo lemithetho yokuziphatha egcekeni emeleleni imiyalo enobudlova. Ngokwethula ukuziphatha okusentshonalanga, indlela yokugqoka, ukubukeka, inkosi ngokwayo ngokuqinile nangokuqhubekayo yalandela ukuqaliswa kwale mithetho.
Kwanele ukukhumbula umthetho wakhe onzima ngentshebe. Futhi ngo-1709, uPhetro ngikhishwe isimemezelo, ngokusho ukuthi noma yimuphi umuntu ophukile ephukile wajeziswa. Ngemuva kwalokho, u-Elisabeth u-Elizabeth ne-Catherine II esondela ekuhlanganisweni kwenhlonipho yasenkantolo, ekhetha imithetho enjalo eyayisondelene nobungqabavu be-Natural Flavour yaseRussia. Njengoba lo mbuso omkhulu wamboza i-Eurasia, ama-apimate asentshonalanga nasempumalanga ayehlangene. Sekuvele kunamakhulu amathathu eminyaka, futhi lo mehluko uhlala kuze kube namuhla.
I-Etiquette yanamuhla iyisifo samasiko azo zonke izizwe nge-antiquity nalolu suku. Manje njengoba sinethuba lokuxhumana nabantu bangaphandle noma ukuba phesheya, kubalulekile hhayi kuphela ukuba nolimi lwe-interlocutor, kodwa futhi ukuzulazula esimweni sobunzima, ukuze singangeni esimweni sobuphukuphuku ukuthuka ngokungazi.
Kuyadingeka ukukhumbula umqondo ojwayelekile futhi ubonise inhlonipho kwabanye, noma ngabe kunemibala yesikhumba noma ukuhlangana komphakathi.
Ubuhlakani
I-Etuquette yanamuhla iyingxenye ebalulekile yesiko langaphandle lobuntu obuhlukile nomphakathi ophelele. Kodwa-ke, kukhona ubuchwepheshe lapho lo mqondo uba namandla. Lokhu ngokuyinhloko mayelana nabasebenzi benkonzo yezombusazwe, osopolitiki, izisebenzi zamasiko, kanye nosomabhizinisi, ososayensi.
Namuhla emhlabeni wobuchwepheshe besimanje nemidiya yokusebenza, noma yisiphi isitatimende esingalungile noma isimilo sokuhluleka singase sibe yi-Domain Yomphakathi Akukona kuphela izwe, kodwa futhi nomhlaba.
Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhulisa izinga lakho lesiko futhi uqonde okucashile kokuziphatha okuhle.
Imithetho eminingi ye-Etiquette esiyenza ngokuzenzakalelayo. Umuntu, umzuzwana ngamunye, ecabanga ukuthi angayenza kanjani into efanele, uzoba sesimweni sendoda endala, eyake yabuza lo mbuzo: "Ufihla kuphi intshebe yakho lapho ulale? " Akaze ahlupheke ngalo mbuzo dotolo, ngeshwa ukugezwa ngaphandle kokulala, ukukhetha, lapho okufanele afihle khona intshebe yakhe. Ngakho-ke, akudingekile ukukhumbula yonke iminithi ngemithetho yokuziphatha okuhle, kepha ukuze ubazi kahle ngokuxhumana ngaphandle kokucabanga ngokunemba kwezenzo zabo namazwi.
I-Etiquette inezici ezithile:
- Inemithetho yendawo yonke yokuziphatha edluliswa kwangekhulu leminyaka. Futhi sonke isakhamuzi esifundile siyazi imithetho ejwayelekile yokungasebenzi.
- I-Etiquette ibonisa izici zanoma iyiphi i-Ethos: Amasiko, amasiko, amasiko.
- I-Etiquette uhlelo oluyinkimbinkimbi lwezimpawu ezinemibandela kanye nokuthinta okudlulisela imininingwane futhi uveze ikheli le-adderee. Ungahle ubhekane nehlombe umngane omuhle, kepha hhayi isikhulu esisezingeni eliphakeme. Umuntu uvuka uma owesifazane engena, eveza inhlonipho yakhe. Ukushukuma komzimba, ukunyakaza kwekhanda, amehlo abalulekile ngesikhathi sezingxoxo zebhizinisi noma ukuvakasha kwezombusazwe.
- Imithetho yokuziphatha yaba yathuthuka ngokomlando, ayiyona ngokuphelele, kepha ingabe isendaweni yemvelo. Uma ezweni elilodwa, emhlanganweni wama-Stranger, kwamukelwa ngenhlonipho ukuba bakhothame, kwaya kwenye - ukwanga ngokushesha. Bobabili bazobhekwa njengento ejwayelekile eyamukelwe kule ndawo ethile.
- I-ETiQUETETE ibonisa uhlelo lwamanani enani kuleli. Ngayo, kungenzeka ukunquma ubudlelwano phakathi kwabantu (eduze hhayi ubungane kakhulu noma obunobutha). Indawo yabantu ngesikhathi semicimbi ehlukahlukene (isilonda, ukulila) inika umbono wokulingana (noma ukuhlukaniswa) okukhona. Isibonelo, abantu ababiza kakhulu babehleli endaweni yendawo "ephezulu" (engcono kakhulu). "Okuphansi" kunezivakashi ezihlonishwayo. Kwanele ukukhumbula noma yimuphi umhlangano, ingqungquthela: Izivakashi ezibalulekile zihlala endaweni yazo kwi-Persidium, zihlala phansi kobuso ehholo.
Kepha isiko liqoqelwa etafuleni eliyindilinga, elidala ngokushesha ukuhlangana neKing Artror neKnights, liyindlela yengqondo ekhombisa ukulingana kwabo bonke abakhona emhlanganweni, umhlangano, umhlangano.
- I-ETiQUETTETE, izinkambiso zalo zinikeza izinketho ezinjalo zokuziphatha ezingahlela ukuxhumana okukhiqizayo futhi zikhulise ukuqondana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lokhu kungukubonakaliswa kokuziphatha komuntu. Izwe langaphakathi lendoda linengxenye yobuhle, akumangazi: "Isisho esihle, isenzo esihle."
Akudingekile nje kuphela ukusebenzisa imithetho yokuziphatha ekusebenzeni, kepha kungenzeka, ngoba kulula kakhulu kuwe nakwabanye.
I-ETiQuette iguqulwa ngaphansi kwesenzo sesikhathi esisha, izidingo ezintsha. Akunangqondo ukukhumbula yonke imithetho yokuziphatha, kepha, ngenhlanhla, lokhu akudingekile. Kubalulekile ukuqonda izimiso eziyinhloko ze-etiquette futhi uzisebenzise ekusebenzeni:
- Umgomo wobuntu.
- Umgomo wokwenzeka isenzo.
- Ukuziphatha okuhle.
- Hlonipha amasiko amazwe awo nakwamanye amazwe.
Umgomo weHumanism ohlanganisa uhlangothi lokuziphatha lwenhlonipho futhi ufaka nezidingo ezithile zesiko lokuxhumana nabanye: ubuntu, ukuthobeka, ukubekezelelana.
I-SENTENES - Umqondo we-multifaceted enenqwaba yamathunzi: lokhu futhi kungukuthi ulungile onobuhle, nobuhle, ngenhlonipho. "Ukunemba kungobuvimbi bamakhosi", kanye nesici esibalulekile senhlonipho yamazwe amaningi.
Isimiso esilandelayo sibonisa amandla okuziphatha kahle esimweni esisha ngokuphelele, esingajwayelekile noma isimo esingesijwayelekile. Noma ngubani angaba sesimweni lapho avele angazi khona imithetho ethile yokuziphatha. Lapha ku-Revenue kuzofika umfundi, isiko lokuziphatha, umuzwa wokuhlekisa, amandla okubekezelela ulwazi olutholakala esimweni esisha sokuxhumana.
Kumele kukhunjulwe ukuthi kufanele kube lula hhayi kuwe kuphela, kodwa nabanye.
Ukuziphatha okuhle kungenye imigomo ebalulekile lapho i-etiquette isuselwe khona. Indoda egqoke kahle, enephunga lotshwala, elinesibonakaliso sobuso obususiwe sobuso noma elingenakuvinjwa, ngokubuka okugcwele okugcwele, okugcwele amaswidi okuvela kuswidi kudala ukucasuka nokwesaba.
Abantu ngamunye bagcina ngokucophelela amasiko abo adalwa emakhulwini eminyaka, futhi afanele ukugcinwa kwawo. Imikhuba emihle kakhulu nokubukeka okuhle ngeke kusindise ekulahlisweni komuntu ongakukhiphi ukujeziswa, okuvezwe amaSlavs, noma kuzokuphazamisa ukubukela phansi kwamaSulumane.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, kuneminye imigomo eyengeziwe ephathelene ne-degree enkulu ye-etiquette yebhizinisi, kepha ulwazi olungavimbi muntu:
- Umgomo wokungaphansi ubumba indlela yokuziphatha yabasebenzi ngoba kufanele baxhumane nabaphathi abaphezulu, bayemukela. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, uthambile kakhulu ngokumelene ne-backrop yesitayela esisha sokuphatha - okuyingxenye (kusuka english iqhaza - ukubamba iqhaza);
- Umgomo wokulingana ukufezekisa ukulingana kwezikhundla, noma ngabe yikuphi okuthunyelwe, isipiliyoni.
Ukubukisisa
Izinhlobonhlobo zezinhlobo zezinhlobo zanamuhla zihlaba umxhwele. Nazi ezinye zazo:
I-General iqoqo lemithetho okufanele izakhamizi okufanele bayigcine, baxhumana nabanye. Ihlukaniswe ngokuthi:
- Inkulumo;
- imikhosi;
- Inhloso yokuxoxisana;
- Ithebula;
- ochwepheshe.
- Kwezenkolo - Kuphakamisa ukuthi ungaziphatha kanjani ezikhungweni zenkolo futhi uxhumane nezikhonzi zehlelo.
- I-Etiquette "Ngempelasonto" - ilawula ubuciko bokuziphatha ezindaweni zomphakathi: IMnyuziyamu, yaseshashalazini, indawo yokudlela, umbukiso, cinema.
- Imithetho yansuku zonke (engekho emthethweni) Etiquette iphakamise ukuthi ungaziphatha kanjani empilweni ejwayelekile, ukuxhumana nabantu emgwaqweni, ezokuthutha.
- Umshado - Imithetho ephathelene nomkhosi womshado, izingubo, izimemo, imihlobiso, imibala, imikhosi yemikhosi. Umakoti, umakoti noFakazi bahlala bengabonakali kwevidiyo namakhamera, ngakho-ke kudingeka babuke futhi baziphathe ngokufanele. Kepha izivakashi kufanele zilandele imithetho yokuziphatha ngemuva kwetafula lomshado.
- Umndeni - Unquma ubudlelwane obungenamqondo phakathi kwabashadikazi, izingane, izihlobo eziseduzane.
- Ukulila (ukudabuka) - amasiko namasiko omkhosi wokuvalelisa nabafi. Ngalesi simo se-etiquette, kunenombolo enkulu yama-nuances, futhi abantu ngamunye banamasiko abo akhethekile. Ukulila kweSlavs kuthathwa njengokumnyama, kanti amaJapan amhlophe. AmaTatar angcwaba abantu ekhaphethini noma ngendwangu, kanti iningi lama-Europe lisebhokisini.
- Ezemidlalo - Imithetho yokuziphatha kwabaqeqeshi, abasubathi, abalandeli, kanye nobudlelwano ngaphakathi kweqembu naphakathi kwamaqembu.
- I-etiquette yabahambi yinto evamile yokuziphatha kwezivakashi ezweni langaphandle, lapho iqinisekisa ukuphepha kwayo, ukulondolozwa kwesithombe esihle sezwe layo kanye nokubonakaliswa kwenhlonipho yamasiko ezwe lonke.
- Inhlonipho yezwe yimithetho ekhombisa ukusebenza kwelungu elinenhlonipho lomphakathi, ukuhlonipha kwalo kwabanye, okubonisa izinzuzo zomuntu siqu.
- INkantolo - ilawula indlela yokuziphatha eNkantolo yasebukhosini emazweni aseMonarchy.
- Izempi iqoqo lemithetho engokomthetho nejwayelekile ye-servicemen kuyo yonke imikhakha yemisebenzi yabo nezindawo: ingxenye, umkhumbi, izindawo zomphakathi.
- Ubulili bayakwazisa ngemithetho yokuziphatha ngenxa yokwehlukanisa emphakathini wezindima zabesilisa nabesifazane.
- I-Business Etiquette ibheka izisekelo zokuziphatha kwebhizinisi: ukuhlela imihlangano yebhizinisi, izethulo, ukuphatha amakhadi webhizinisi, izici zokuxhumana ngebhizinisi kanye nezipho zezipho.
- I-Corporate Etiquette ihlinzeka ngohlu lwemithetho ehambisana nabasebenzi benkampani eyodwa ebudlelwaneni phakathi kwabo kanye nezinye izinhlangano.
- I-Primomatic. Umsebenzi we-plume 90% uqukethe ulwazi ngesifiso sokuziphatha, kufanele azi ukuthi ungaziphatha kanjani kahle emicimbini eyenziwe, izingxoxo, izingxoxo, imihlangano, azulazule kahle amasiko ezwe lapho etholakala khona.
- Inkonzo. Inquma ukuziphatha kwabahlanganyeli emkhakheni wenkonzo: labo ababanikayo, nalabo abamukelayo.
- I-Network (NETICKET noma i-NETETIQUETTE) - Imithetho yokuziphatha kwabahlanganyeli bezokuxhumana kusetshenziswa amagajethi kagesi kunethiwekhi. Kunemithetho eminingana yegolide yokuxhumana kwenethiwekhi, ikakhulukazi, ungakhohlwa ukuthi ukuxhumana nomuntu ophilayo, ngakho-ke udinga ukulandela amazinga afanayo nangeqiniso. Isibonelo, ungabhali engingakusho ebusweni. Ukungazibandakanyi ezingxabanweni hhayi ukuwadala - umthetho uvame ukuphazanyiswa yi- "Troll", kepha umuntu olethwe ngumuntu ngeke akwenze lokhu.
- Ngakho-ke imithetho yokuxhumana nge-elekthronikhi - ibhizinisi neyimfihlo.
I-marion ingathanda ukubeka inhlonipho ye-knight kanye nebhola. Lezi zigameko ezibusiwe zakhiwa amakhulu amaningi eminyaka adlule, azizange zishintshe kakhulu, kodwa ezweni lanamuhla zisetshenziswa emibuthanweni emincane.
I-knigbishtood, eyavela ngekhulu le-X, kwaba nomthelela omkhulu ezimpilweni zeYurophu nenhlonipho. Izinsizwa ezaziwayo zanikezelwa kuma-knights, ezazinqunyelwe amasiko amaningi ayingqayizivele: Ukukhethwa kwezintokazi zenhliziyo nokukhulekelwa kwakhe, ukukhonza ku-puroments, ukuzinikela kuma-vassams. Ikhodi ye-Knight yafuna ukuthi ihambisane ngokuphelele nayo yonke imithetho, ngoba ngisho nokubuya okuncane okuvela kubo kwasongela ukulahlekelwa ngudumo. Akumangalisi esiqubulo sikaKnight kwakukhona amazwi: "Impilo - inkosi ... udumo - kunoma ngubani! "
Ukudla kwama-knights bekuwukuvikela ababuthakathaka, bahloniphe bonke abanye, ukulwa kuphela nomphikisi oqinile, bavikele ubugwala ngisho nemicabango, ukuba nensimbi. Manje emidlalweni ehlukahlukene edlala indima nemidlalo yokwakhiwa kabusha, ababambiqhaza, ukuphinda basebenzise i-epoch of the maphakathi neNkathi Ephakathi, nayo ibhekiswa kwi-Knight Etiquette.
I-Balling Etiquette iqoqo elikhethekile lemithetho engakashishi amakhulu eminyaka. Kuhlanganisa hhayi kuphela izingubo ze-ballroom (ukugqoka okude ngamahlombe avulekile ama-ladies, ama-tuxedo (Frak) nezicathulo ezimnyama - ama-cavaliers), isiko lokuziphatha ebhola, kodwa futhi nokwakhiwa kwama-ballrooms, buffet. Isengezo esibalulekile sasithathwa njengegilavu emhlophe yeqhwa engakaze ibekwe phansi: Amantombazane - usilika, ngaphezulu kwe-elbow, amadoda - afana noma i-suede.
Imininingwane ebalulekile yentokazi yasendlini yangasese futhi fan. Ngisho nolimi oluyimfihlo lwezimpawu zabathandi lwasungulwa, amasiginali anikezwa yilezi zinhle. Isibonelo, intokazi eshadile yasayina: "Ngishadile! "Ukwambula abalandeli futhi ubamemezele e-Uchager ecasulayo. Futhi uJehova ovulwe ngokuphelele uyeke: "Uyisithombe sami! "
Imisebenzi
I-Etiquette njengoba umthethonqubo wenza imisebenzi ethile esebenzayo:
- Oxhumana naye - Ukhuthaza abantu ukuxhumana.
- Ukugcina Ukuxhumana - Umuntu olethwe ngumuntu uzohlala ethola, ngokukhuluma ngomphakathi othile, ngaphandle kwesimo sezulu. Izihloko ezivinjelwe zezingxoxo nabantu ongabazi: Isimo somndeni kanye nesimo sezezimali, imibono yezepolitiki neyenkolo, ukungahambi kahle ngokomzimba kwe-interlocutor.
- Ukwakha isimo esinenhlonipho nentofontofo.
- Umsebenzi olawulayo, noma ukwahlukana kukaCaustam, ama-Estates ahlaselwe yisikhundla emphakathini. Kwenziwa ngokuqinile imithetho enjalo empumalanga.
- Ukuvimbela - Ukuhambisana nemithetho ye-Etiquette ikuvumela ukuthi uvikele izingxabano.
- Imininingwane - Imithetho yokuziphatha iphakamisa abantu ukuthi bangaziphatha kanjani esimweni esithile.
- Ukulinganisa - Lesi sici sifanelekile ngokwengeziwe kwisiza sebhizinisi futhi ukuthi isethi yemithetho eyenze ngokuziphatha kwawo wonke amalungu eqembu.
- Ubunikazi bendawo ezungezile - ukwazi ukuthi iningi lizokwenza kanjani esimweni esithile lizokwenza, umuntu akadideki futhi ngeke azizwe njengomuntu ongaziwa.
- Ezemfundo - Khiqiza izimfanelo ezinhle zomuntu siqu ezinganeni nasezinsizwa.
- Ukuqongelelwa kanye nokudluliselwa kolwazi - Umuntu ufunda futhi udluliselwa kwezizukulwane ngezizukulwane eziqoqiwe.
Imithetho eyisisekelo
Inganekwane uJack Nicholson kwenye yezingxoxo ebonile ukuthi incamela kakhulu ukufeza imithetho engenakubalwa yenhlonipho, ngoba inhloso yazo eyinhloko ukwenza izimpilo zethu zikhululeke ngokwengeziwe.
Ngempela, indoda evelele ibukeka iyinto ekhangayo kakhulu kulowo osula ikhala lakhe ngenqindi, yajaha kakhulu emphakathini noma ikhulume ocingweni phakathi komdlalo.
Ngawo wonke infinity yayo ebonakalayo, imithetho ye-etiquette ilula impela: Ibakhathaza ukubukeka okuhle, ukuziphatha okunenhlonipho, izinkulumo zamasiko kanye nekhono lazo.
Cabanga ngemithetho eyisisekelo yezwi elihle eRussia, kanye namazwe aphesheya:
- Kusukela ebuntwaneni kusenesikhathi, wonke umuntu ufundisa umthetho obalulekile - hhayi buhlungu ekhaleni, ungamemezi kakhulu kakhulu, hhayi ukushaywa.
- Xhumana nabantu abangajwayelekile ku "Wena".
- Sebenzisa amazwi okukhuluma ngenhlonipho.
- Ungabheki i-interlocutor ngenkani noma ngcono.
- Ungasho ukuthi lezo zinto ngemuva komuntu ongasho ebusweni.
- Ufike ngesikhathi.
- Ukwazi ukunqanda futhi ujabule, futhi ulaka olubilayo.
- Njalo yenza okuthenjisiwe.
- Izingubo nezicathulo kufanele zihlale zihlanzekile futhi zicocekile.
- Akukona ngokwesiko ukuxosha imfashini, uma ubeka engcupheni ebukeka ubuwula futhi ngokunengqondo.
- Awukwazi ukubeka ifoni ephathekayo etafuleni ezindaweni zomphakathi - ngaleyo ndlela ubonise ukungahloniphi abanye, okubonisa ukuthi leli gajethi libalulekile kangakanani kuwe.
- Khumbula ngemfihlakalo yokuxhumana! Noma ngabe ungumzali, awunalo ilungelo lokuziphatha lokufunda amarekhodi engane. Okufanayo kusebenza kubalingani.
- E-cinema, isekethe ngaso sonke isikhathi siphendukela ubuso besihleli, siwele endaweni yaso.
- Sinqume ukuvakashela abangane - qiniseka ukuthi ushayela ucingo! Ngokuqinile le mithetho iyahlonishwa eNtshonalanga Yurophu. Isibonelo, eJalimane udinga ukubiza isonto, ubika ukuvakasha kwakho. Futhi akufanele uthembele etafuleni elimbozwe ngokucebile (njengenjwayelo nathi, ama-Slavs) - ama-Crackers ne-Shanape kubhekwa njengendlela efanelekile evela kumaJalimane odaka.
- Uma uhamba nomlingani, futhi wabingelela umuntu ongaziwa, khona-ke udinga ukukubingelela.
- Ngomuntu omaziyo, okudala kusa isandla sakhe kwabancane. Ngentokazi ngesandla ungabingeli, kuphela uma engazange aqale lokhu.
- Ukungena egumbini, kuhlale kukhongela okokuqala.
- Indoda ihlala ihlonipha umuntu wesifazane.
- Bheka imithetho yokuziphatha etafuleni.
Izibonelo Zokuziphatha
Njengoba inhlonipho ilawula imithetho yokuziphatha nokuxhumana, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuthi ungajwayelana kanjani. Indoda imelelwa ngowesifazane kuqala, omncane umele abadala. Uma ujwayelene nalawo makhona, udinga ukuhambisa uqobo wonke umuntu.
Lapho uhlangana nabazali, udinga ukwethula umuntu omaziyo omusha.
Imithetho yokuziphatha phakathi kwendoda nowesifazane kufanele bazi futhi babheke bobabili ubulili:
- Indawo kaKavalera emgwaqweni - ngakwesobunxele somngane. Amasosha avunyelwe kuphela ukuya kwesokudla, ukuze akwazi ukunikeza udumo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Isikhwama sowesifazane singumgcini we-hotsess kuphela.
- Owokuqala endaweni yokudlela uhlanganisa umuntu, enikeza ukuqonda i-metallone azoyikhokha.
- Indoda kufanele ime uma lona wesifazane ephuma etafuleni.
- Indoda ihlala isiza owesifazane ohlezi etafuleni, emotweni.
- Uma ufisa ukubhema phambi kwale ntokazi, udinga ukubuza imvume yakhe.
- Umuntu uphuthelwa umngane phambili. Okuhlukile kuvela ezitebhisini, efweni, engaphansi.
Ithebula inhlonipho lisho ukuhambisana nemithetho elandelayo:
- Hlala etafuleni kahle futhi ungafaki izandla zakhe kuso. Kuvunyelwe ukunamathela izihlakala zomphetho wetafula.
- Kuyadingeka ngomlomo ovaliwe, hhayi ibhendi.
- Izingxoxo zifanelekile kuphela ekhefini phakathi kokudla.
- Isinkwa kuphela esidla izandla, siyibhidlize ngesikhathi sezingcezu ezincane.
- Sebenzisa ummese nemfoloko, ummese ushintshwa ngakwesokunene ukusika imikhiqizo. Ungasiki ngommese wetafula kuphela u-pudding, omelet.
- Uma umenyiwe kunoma yimuphi umcimbi, awumukeleki sekwedlule isikhathi.
- Imithetho yokuziphatha yemvelo ithi: Qiniseka ukuthi ususa udoti, kanye nodoti womunye umuntu, uma kukhona okusondele. Bheka imithetho yokuzalela imililo, ungacekeleki izidleke zezinyoni, ama-anthaills, ungaphuli amagatsha futhi ungafaki izimbali. Ngamafuphi, uvakashela imvelo, ngakho-ke mnakekele!
Izindlela Zomhlaba Wonke
Kungakhathalekile ukuthi izwe wafika kulo, imithetho elandelayo yendawo yonke kufanele ilandelwe:
- Ukuhlonipha inkolo, ubuholi bezwe, amasiko, ukupheka.
- Akunasidingo sokudweba ukufana nezwe lakho.
- Akukho ukugxekwa.
- Isikhathi esiphezulu.
- Kuyakufanele ukutadisha izibonakaliso zezezimali zezwe lapho zizokwenzeka khona, kanye nokungadumisi imali yazo.
- Hlala njalo emthonjeni wengoma yezwe. Kuyasiza ukuphinda izenzo zabahlali bendawo.
- Musa ukugqoka izingubo zezwe, ngaphandle kokujwayela ngokwakho ngenani lazo lesiko.
- Phakamisa amagama kahle.
- Ngaso sonke isikhathi khombisa inhlonipho nge-Eldest.
- Lapho uthatha ukudla okungajwayelekile, akusona ngokwesiko ukwenqaba futhi uthole ukuthi kuyini. Kungcono ukukhulisa ingxenye bese uzama.
- Musa ukusebenzisa ukuthinta okujwayelekile (ngokwesibonelo, kuphakamise isithupha), kwelinye izwe kungasho izinto ezihlaselayo.
Ukwakheka kwenhlonipho kazwelonke kunokucaciswa kwayo emazweni ahlukene - amasiko, imithetho ekhethekile yokuziphatha emphakathini. Yimaphi ama-nuances odinga ukuwazi ku:
- I-England. IBrithani eyinhloko ithanda ukumelana nebanga phakathi kwabahlinzeki be-interlocuutor kanye nokubuka okuqinile kwethebula.
- Ufaza . Umnyombo wabantu baseMelika uvulekile nobungane. Ukumamatheka kaningi futhi kubingelele njalo, noma ngabe wamukela umuntu imizuzu eyi-15 edlule.
- IFrance. Abantu bendawo abanakujezisa kakhulu futhi bazwakalise, ubucayi kakhulu. IMadame, MonSieur - Izikhalazo ezamukelwa zabantu abangajwayelekile.
- ISpain. I-Siesta - Ukuzilibazisa Kwasemini - Kulawula isigqi sempilo yabaseSpain: Banokudla kwasekuseni ngemuva kwamahora ayi-13, izimemo zebhizinisi zichithwa ngemuva kwamahora angama-22. Gcina i-spaniard - ingaphezulu kokungahloniphi.
- Amazwe Arab . Ama-Arabhu athanda imihlangano emide kanye nokuphathwa ngesandla okufanayo, kepha utshwala nengulube ayikholi. Akuyona ngokwesiko ukudumisa izinto endlini, ngoba ngesiko, umnikazi kumele anikeze isivakashi sakhe.
- Indawo yase-India . Njengophawu lokubingelela, amaHindu akhothama ngokucindezela isandla sobunxele enhliziyweni. Akuyona inkambiso yokuthinta i-interlocutor. Emihlanganweni yebhizinisi udinga ukugqoka izinto ezikhanyayo.
- Izitsha zokudlela zebumba uqobo . Izipho eziya kumaShayina zinikezwa ngaphambi kokuhamba, futhi zawela izinti zokudla ziyizwi elibi. Isizotha siyabongwa lapha, uthayi kufanelekile kuphela emicimbini esemthethweni.
- IJapan . Yamukelwa lapha futhi ibeka futhi yabelane ngezindlebe zokukhanya. Ungalokothi ufikephuze futhi ungabheki i-interlocutor ngqo esweni! Susa izicathulo njalo, okuza ukuvakasha noma yokudlela. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi uma amaJapane avuma ngamazwi, akusho ukuthi empeleni kunjalo.
Lapho uzovakashela izwe laphesheya, ungavilapha ukufunda okwengeziwe ngamasiko akhe. Lokhu kuzokusindisa ezimweni eziningi ezingezinhle.
Ukuxhumana okungelona iqiniso
Inkulumo nokuxhumana kungamazwi (ukukhuluma, ukuzwa, incwadi, ukufundwa) kanye ne-non-verbal (isimo sobuso, ukushukuma komzimba, ukushukuma komzimba). Ososayensi bathole ukuthi umyalezo othunyelwe ngolimi lokunyakaza lukholisa kakhulu. Ukwenza isibonelo, uma umuntu emamatheka kuphela ngezindebe, egcina ubuso bezamatshe neqhwa emeloni, akukaze bakholwe ukuqiniseka kwakhe ngobuqotho bemizwa.
Uma ungakhulumi imithetho eyisisekelo yokuxhumana okungeyona eyomlomo, i-interlocutor kungenzeka ingabi ukukuqonda, ukungabaza izinhloso ezinhle noma ngisho nokuzihlambalaza (lokhu kusebenza kubamele amazwe asempumalanga).
Njengoba wazi, ngeke ube nethuba lesibili lokwenza umbono wokuqala. Izazi zezengqondo zibale lokho ukuze zihlanganise umbono othile ngomfokazi, kwanele ukuba zisuka emizuzwini emibili kuya kwemine. Ngakho-ke, imithetho eminingana ebalulekile kufanele yaziwe ukuthi ngaso sonke isikhathi ushiye umbono omuhle ngawe, ngaphandle kokusho izwi:
- Lapho uxhumana nomuntu, ikakhulukazi umfokazi, zama ukumisela okuncane. Kungenzeka ukuthi abase-Italiya kanye nabaseSpain bakwazise ukunyakaza okusebenzayo, kepha kusadinga ukuzibamba.
- Musa ukugoqa izandla zakho esifubeni sakho futhi ungaweli imilenze - le yindlela yokuvikelwa kwengqondo, umzamo wokuvala kwabanye. Ama-ejenti amashiya, awehlise amahlombe kanye nenhloko ethambekele, iminwe, ngokunwebile, nazo ziyizimpawu zokuvalwa.
- I-gait kufanele ibe yinqwaba futhi ithembe, emuva - iqonde.
- Ukusuka kumamatheke kuzoba konke kwe-sveley - kanye nawe, kanye nabasuse bakho. Ngeshwa, ekwandisweni kwezwe lethu, ukumamatheka okubheke ompini kungaqondakali kuthathwa njenge-mion. Futhi kwabaseYurophu futhi ikakhulukazi amaMelika yimfanelo ephoqelekile.
- Ukuze ubeke i-interlocutor kuye, ulubeka kancane ikhanda lomlayezo, ukukopisha.
- Ukuhlala esihlalweni, awukwazi ukuwa phezu kwaso, udwebe izingalo, ushayele imilenze. Akuyona inkambo yokuphonsa unyawo emlenzeni, kwabesifazane isimo esifanele kunazo zonke - imilenze iwele ama-ankle.
- Yazi-ukuthi izisebenzi zabasebenzi ezijwayelekile kanye nabasebenzi abajwayelekile: Ukukhiya noma umphathi, ukuzulazula kumazwi akhe kancane. Kungekudala uzothola ukuthi ukukhuluma kunikukhanyisa. Le ndlela isiza ekuveleni kahle phakathi kwabanye abalaleli.
- Amehlo - izibuko ze-Soul, kanye nengxenye evezwa kakhulu yobuso. Ukubukeka kungavezwa okungaphezu kwamagama. Ngisho abafundi bakwazi ukusho okuningi ngemizwa namava: banwebisa ngenjabulo ejabulisayo, inzalo, inciphise - ngesilungiselelo esimnyama, ukuzama ukuqamba amanga.
- Ukubonakaliswa kwezitatimende kuhlanganisa ukuxhumana ngamazwi nangomlomo futhi kuveze ngqo isimo sengqondo sikaSomlomo olwazini oluzithobayo.
Isiko lezingubo
Isiko lezingubo libaluleke njengamasiko okuziphatha. Umthetho obaluleke kakhulu ophathelene nezingubo ukuze uhlanzeke futhi uhlanzeke. Lapho ukhetha izingubo, umuntu uqondiswa okuncamelayo komuntu siqu, amakhono ezibonakalayo nezitayela ezifashisayo.
Imfashini inomthelela omkhulu ekukhetheni kwezingubo, kepha akufanele ayilandele ngokungaboni. Kubukeka okuhle kusho ukugqoka isitayela nangokunambitheka, kepha hhayi imfashini. Isibonelo, intombazane ibukeka njengentombazane ebabazekayo, egqoke isudi ngejazi elinejazi eliseLa Chanel nesiketi "esikebheni se-goose" kune-crevened boya egqoke isudi yezemidlalo.
Ukukhetha izingubo, funa izinketho ezilungele abantu abazayo.
Ezingubo zamadoda, inani elikhulu kakhulu lezidingo libekwe phambili maqondana ne-pair pair. Noma yiliphi isudi kumele lihlale kahle kwisibalo. Naka ikhwalithi yezinto ezibonakalayo, hhayi izitayela zemfashini, ngoba isudi enhle impela ayiphelelwa isikhathi. Esimweni esele esemthethweni, imvunulo ihlala ifakwa kuyo yonke izinkinobho, ivunyelwe u-Notton, ngokwesibonelo, etafuleni.
Lapho ukhetha umbala, unake imibala engazisebenzi kahle ye-monophonic noma iseli elikhulu. Ihembe kufanele libheke ku-1.5 cm ukusuka ngaphansi kwejakhethi. Ithayi kufanele njalo ibe yihembe elimnyama, kepha umbala olula wemvunulo. Amasokisi akhethwe ngombala wezicathulo, kepha akunakwenzeka ukuba mhlophe.
Ithoni embi ukugcwalisa amaphakethe amabhulukwe ukuze abiswe. Lapho kubeka i-Handkercheif, okhiye, ikhadi lesikweletu. Indawo yonke yezinto ezibalulekile itholakala emaphaketheni ezinsimbi zangaphandle kanye nesikhwama sowesilisa esikhethekile.
Empilweni yansuku zonke, izidingo zobunqunu azinzima, ukusetshenziswa kwesimo se-semi-self-deal for sabesilisa, abaphathi bavunyelwe. Intsha iqondiswa okuthandwa ngumuntu kanye nokuba ngengxenye ethile ephansi.
Kodwa-ke, kuhlale kukukhumbula ngokulinganisa kanye nomqondo ojwayelekile. Kungcono ukugqoka umqhele ngokwengeziwe kunokuba ukhululeke ukwedlula lokho.
Abesifazane banikeze inkululeko enkulu ekukhetheni izindwangu, izitayela. Kodwa-ke, ingubo kufanele ihlale iphikisana nalesi simo! Intokazi ehlekisayo kakhulu ibukeka njengesinkwa esitolo esiseduze eCoat kanye nama-Stocks esithendeni. Njengentokazi esencane, eyayise-Opera esudini lezemidlalo nakuma-snickers.
Imithetho yokukhethwa kwemithetho ejwayelekile idinga ukucatshangelwa uhlobo lobuso nombala wezinwele, Imivimbo ezingutsheni ayilungele wonke umuntu (I-transverse izoqeda, i-Longitudinal - Donsela i-silhouette). Ngowesifazane webhizinisi (isisebenzi sehhovisi, uthisha, umfundi), uthisha akavunyelwe isiketi esifushane kakhulu nama-silhouette amafushane. Imibala edinga ukukhetha i-pastel, isudi uqobo kufanele libe nezingcezu eziningana - isiketi + vest + blouse, ibhulukwe + jacket.
Izicathulo ezilula, zinhle, esithendeni esiphansi. Amathayi adingekayo nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka! I-hairstyle ne-makeup kufanele kugcizelele ubuhle bemvelo, amakha - ushiye izimpumulo ezikhanyayo, hhayi umbono wesitolo samakha.
Kunoma ikuphi, izingubo kufanele zikhululeke futhi zibukeke zilungile kumuntu, zigcizelele amasiko alo kanye nokuvuselelwa.
Ingxoxo ecashile
Ingxoxo akuyona inkhulumomphendvulwano elula. Lokhu ukushintshaniswa okunengqondo kwemicabango phakathi kwabahlanganyeli bezokuxhumana, okudinga amakhono akhethekile. I-TheBeed iyinto ekhululekile futhi ibhizinisi, lapho kuxoxwa ngombuzo othile kusengaphambili.
Ngobuciko be-Oritory, kuyadingeka ukuzijwayeza, ukuze usondele esithombeni somsebenzisi ofanele owaziyo ukuzwa nokukhuluma ngesihloko.
Ukubusa kokuqala kokuqhuba ingxoxo kuyisimo esinhlonipho ngalokhu i-interlocutor. Kubo bonke abantu abangajwayelekile ngaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-18 baya ku "Wena", noma ngabe lo muntu mncane. Ku "Wena" kungashukunyiswa ukujwayela imvume ye-Mutual.
Imithetho yethoni enhle idinga ukuthi ingavimbi inqubo yokuxhumana ngokuthi "Mina", noma ngabe ubuhlakani embonini yakho. Kulandela ukunakwa kubo bonke ababambiqhaza bezokuxhumana, ukunikeza ithuba lokukhuluma kuwo wonke umuntu.
Qaphela inkulumo yakho, izici zayo zesigqi seTempo. Ukushesha kakhulu akuqondakali, kwenza kube lula kakhulu ukudonsa imininingwane edingekayo kusuka ekusakazweni kwamagama okusheshayo. Inkulumo ehamba kancane enamahlathi amaningi akhathele futhi ngokushesha unesithukuthezi. Kuyadingeka ukunamathela ku-Golden Middle: Khuluma ngokucacile, ngokucacile, kuzwakala ngokwanele. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi abaseBrithani bathi ngqo naleso sothango ukuze umuntu oyedwa egumbini abezwe:
- Akuyona ngokwesiko ukudingida ngezihloko zesihloko, okuqondakalayo kwabaningi, kanye ne-taboo uqobo.
- Musa ukwenza sengathi uyiphakamisile othandekayo, uzama ukuguqula ingxoxo - noma ngabe kukhona yonke izisekelo.
- Noma isihloko sengxoxo singathokozisi, akudingekile ukukhombisa ngayo yonke amandla: Rummage esikhwameni, ukubhekana nekhanda lakho ezinhlangothini, cabanga ngefoni ephathekayo.
- Awukwazi ukuphazamisa umthengisi wezindaba ngamazwana abuhlungu. Umuntu olethwe ngumuntu uzolalela ukuphela, noma ezwa le ndaba isikhathi esiyikhulu.
- Kungcono ukuqala ingxoxo kusuka ezihlokweni ezilula: mayelana nesimo sezulu, mayelana neholide, ukuhlonipha okubuthene, kusitshele indaba ethokozisayo (hhayi ihlaya!) Noma umzekeliso ofundisayo.
- Bese uqeda ingxoxo kuyadingeka kwinothi elihle lokuqhubeka nokuqhubeka kwezithelo kokuthandana.
Amandla okuhamba ngobuhlakani bemithetho yokuziphatha okuhle ngeke akhombise kuphela amazinga akho amasiko, kodwa ngempela uzokusiza uzizwe uqiniseke ngokwengeziwe kunoma yisiphi isimo kunoma yiliphi izwe.
I-Master Class on the Etiquette kusuka ku-Countess Marie D, bheka ividiyo elandelayo.