Uma uphupha ukunikela ngemisebenzi yakho yobungcweti ukusiza abantu kanye nomphakathi wonke, ngakho-ke ukuze babone le njongo uzobe ulungele ubuchwepheshe banamuhla bezenhlalo. Umsebenzi wezenhlalo ufaka phakathi i-Sphere of Medicine, Ukuvikelwa Kwezomthetho, imisebenzi yezemfundo, usizo lwezengqondo kanye nokuvuselela ububanzi bemisebenzi.
I-spectrum yobungcweti bezenhlalo esikhathini esidlule esingu-5-6 iye yandida, maqondana naluphi ulwazi olusha, olwalungaziwa ngaphambili. Isibonelo, njengochwepheshe wezenhlalo, udokotela we-gerontologist, unjiniyela wezenhlalo, nokunye.
Kusho ukuthini lokhu futhi ngubani ozolingana?
Ubuchwepheshe bezenhlalo babhekisa endaweni yalokho okugxile kumuntu noma emphakathini. Umsebenzi onjalo udinga indawo ethile yokugcina uhlamvu nokuphikiswa kwengcindezi. Umongo wobuchwepheshe emqondweni obanzi wehliswa ngosizo, ukusekela, ukuvikelwa, kanye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ukulungiswa noma ukulungiswa. Ngokusekelwe kwimisebenzi esemqoka, sebenza nabantu ngesiko ukuhlukaniswa ngezindlela zokusiza usizo nakwezomnotho. Ubuchwepheshe besifiso buhlanganisa imisebenzi:
- ochwepheshe bezengqondo;
- Izazi zenhlalo;
- abaphilayo;
- Ososayensi bezepolitiki;
- Izintatheli;
- Othisha;
- ama-rescinalitologists.
Emkhakheni wezomnotho umsebenzi:
- ama-accountants;
- osomnotho;
- Abaphathi;
- abakhangisi.
Ukuze usebenze, kuyadingeka ukuba ube nezici ezinjengokuthakazelisa nokuxhumana, ukuzwela, ukuqina, ukuba nezinga eliphakeme lokuqina kwengqondo nokusebenza.
Imvamisa phakathi nomsebenzi, usonhlalonhle ubuso nobuso bubhekana nezikhulu ezithule, ukuziphatha kwabantu okungenangqondo, ukumangalelwa okungafanele kanye nezidingo eziphakeme.
Izibopho Eziyinhloko
Umuntu osebenza emkhakheni wezinsizakalo zezenhlalo ungochwepheshe imisebenzi yayo ehlobene nenkonzo yabantu. Izibopho zalo zingafaka:
- usizo kubahola impesheni;
- Abantu abakhubazekile;
- izingane ezincane ezihlala ngaphandle kwabazali;
- Abanye abantu abadinga ukusiza umphakathi.
Ukuchitheka komsebenzi kungaba ukusiza ekulethweni kwemikhiqizo noma emithini, ukuqhuba izindlela zokuvimbela noma zokulungisa emindenini ekubukweni kwezenhlalo, ukusiza ekuvuseleleni kabusha kwabakhubazekile nokunye. Umgomo oyinhloko womsebenzi awugcini nje ngentuthuko kwikhwalithi yempilo yezakhamizi eziwele ezimweni ezinzima zokuphila, kodwa futhi nokuvikelwa kwazo okusemthethweni nokunakekelwa okusemthethweni, okunikezwe nguMbuso.
Sibutsetelo lobuchwepheshe
Izici ezibalulekile nezifanele zomsebenzi ezihlobene nemisebenzi yamasiko asemoshabuni ziyabonakala emphakathini ezidingekayo, futhi namhlanje ukubaluleka kwazo akunakuphikwa, ngakho-ke inhlangano yokuvikeleka kwezenhlalo ithola umsebenzi wayo esifundeni sethu njalo ngonyaka.Ukucaciswa komyalelo wanamuhla womhlaba kungukunwetshwa kwemingcele eyenzeka kwezinye izikhalazo kanye nokwanda kwempilo yabantu kuholela ekutheni kube nesidingo sokuthola ukuxhumana phakathi komphakathi nombuso. Ukwakha izixhumanisi ezinjalo kwenzeka ngokulamula kwezinsizakalo zephrofayili yezenhlalo, okufanele zisebenze nabantu, zivumelanise abantu ngokushesha okuguqula imibandela yempilo yanamuhla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, incazelo yobungcweti obuningi yalolu hlobo igxile ekusebenzeni komuntu ngamunye nomuntu ohlukile, hhayi kuphela ngomphakathi ophelele. Isibonelo esinjalo sifaka, ngokwesibonelo, isazi sezengqondo, udokotela wezifo ze-gerontologist, udokotela ovuselelayo.
Ubuchwepheshe obuningi be-Social Spree buvele muva nje futhi abakakamukeli udumo olubanzi, kepha kukhona nalabo abangekho iminyaka eyishumi nambili:
Usonhlala kahle
Ukusebenza kwalobu buchwepheshe kusho ukuthi insizakalo yabantu - abakhubazekile, abahola impesheni, kanye nezinye izingqimba zomphakathi wethu ezivikelwe emphakathini. Ngokusho kwencazelo yomsebenzi, umthwalo wenkosikazi enjalo ukusiza izakhamizi endaweni yazo yokuhlala. Lokhu kungafaka futhi kungafaka ukulethwa kwemikhiqizo, imithi, ukuhlela ukunakekelwa kwezokwelashwa, ukwelulekwa, ukugada.
Uchwepheshe womzimba wokugada nokugada
Umongo walolu chwepheshe ukuvikela amalungelo ezakhamizi eziwele ezimweni ezinzima zokuphila. Ngaphandle kwalokho, Usonhlalonhle angaqhuba izeluleko futhi ame onogada wezintshisekelo zezingane noma izakhamizi ezingenakuqhathaniswa, ukuvimbela noma yikuphi ukwephulwa okusemthethweni kwalesi sigaba sabantu. Uchwepheshe Wemizimba Wokugada usebenzisa izinhlelo ezikhethekile ezikuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yabantu ngaphansi kokuvikelwa nokunakekela umbuso, futhi futhi wenze imisebenzi yokugadwa kwabaqaphi kanye namawadi abo.
Uthisha wezenhlalo
Umsebenzi oyinhloko womfundisi onjalo ngumsebenzi ohambisana nokuzivumelanisa emphakathini wentsha kanye nezingane ezincane, ukusebenzelana nomphakathi, umndeni, ontanga. Uchwepheshe angacebisa abazali ngokuhlanganiswa kwengane yokutholwa emndenini omusha noma izimiso zokukhulisa izingane ngabazali bazo. Uthisha ubophekile ukubona ukwephulwa kwamakhono okuxhumana nabantu enganeni futhi athathe izinyathelo zokulungisa isimo.
Unjiniyela Wezenhlalo
Lo msebenzi uyi-prototype yesayensi efundwa ngabantu abaziphathekayo ezimweni eziphuthumayo nasezingezona ezijwayelekile. Lapha, imigomo yezenhlalo kanye ne-psychology ihlanganiswe ngempumelelo, ivumela ukutadisha okubizwa ngokuthi yisomuntu kanye nokubonakaliswa kwalo empilweni yezenhlalo. Ukuqondiswa kobunjiniyela bezenhlalo kubhekwa njengokuncane, kodwa kunalokho okuthembisa, kusukela ngesisekelo sobunjiniyela bezenhlalo zonke izifundo ezidingekayo zomphakathi wesintu zenziwa futhi izindinganiso zomsebenzi zinqunywa kuzo zonke izinsizakalo zenhlalo.
Udokotela we-social
Uchwepheshe ohlola idivaysi yomphakathi nezinqubo ezenzeka kuyo kusukela endaweni yokubuka kwezenhlalo. Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesazi sezenhlalo yincazelo yomphakathi ngalesi sikhathi samanje ukuze ubikezele okunye ukuziphatha kwabantu ezimweni ezithile. Isayensi, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Sociology esetshenzisiwe, isebenzisana hhayi kuphela ngezinhlangano zikahulumeni, kodwa futhi nezinhlangano zomphakathi, kanye nebhizinisi langasese.
Ama-oda ezifundo zesayensi yezenhlalo zivame ukufaka isandla eqinisweni lokuthi ososayensi bathola izehlakalo ezithile, ngaleyo ndlela bathuthukise isayensi yezenhlalo.
Uchwepheshe wokuguqulwa okufudumele
Izwe lethu lidonsela ngenkuthalo ekugcwalisekeni kwemisebenzi ehlukahlukene yabafundi abasebenza ngomakhelwane nakwamanye amazwe. Ukuze kuvumelaniswe nokuzivumelanisa nabantu abanjalo emphakathini wethu, usizo kulolu daba lunikezwa nguchwepheshe wezemisebenzi yezenhlalo. ERussia, ukukhuphuka okungapheliyo kwenani labafuduki abasebenzi kubikezelwe, ngakho-ke lo msebenzi uzothola ukuhambisana nokufuna kwabo.
Demogaliper
Uchwepheshe walo msebenzi uhlaziya amandla okukhula nokulahleka kwezwe lezwe lethu, futhi futhi ebikezela ngokubikezela isikhathi eside nokuseduze kakhulu ngalezi zinkinga. Imiphumela yokuthuthukiswa kwama-demographics iyadingeka emnothweni, kwezokwelapha, kanye nokuhlela isabelomali sezokuphepha kwezenhlalo, kufaka phakathi isikhwama sempesheni. Umsebenzi we-demographer ulele emisebenzini yocwaningo kanye nokuqoqa izinto zezibalo ukwenza ukuhlaziya.
Udokotela wezifo ze-gerontologist
Lo msebenzi musha kakhulu ezweni lethu, imisebenzi yazo ukutadisha izinqubo zokuguga futhi usebenza nabantu asebekhulile. Inhloso yodokotela we-geoonStologist ukusiza abantu abadala ekuguqukeni kwezinguquko ezenzeka emzimbeni wokuguga. Udokotela weGeoonStologist angahola umsebenzi wesayensi nowokufundisa futhi alethe nge-hygiene, ukuvikela izifo, ehlanganisa izingqinamba ezihlobene nokunakekelwa okuzimele, umsoco, kanye nokusebenza kwengqondo nangokomzimba komuntu osekhulile. Uchwepheshe wenza umsebenzi wokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi nokunwetshwa kwempilo yabantu abaneminyaka yokuthatha umhlalaphansi.
IMIPHAKATHI YOKUXHUMANA KWAMAHHALA
Umsebenzi omusha othuthukayo, osuselwa ku-monspology. Lo chwepheshe wenzelwe ukuba ngumlamuli phakathi kwamaqembu amabili angqubuzanayo kwezenhlalo. Izingxabano emphakathini zingenzeka ngesisekelo sezinkolelo zenkolo, umehluko emidlalweni yezwe lonke, amasiko, futhi nasengqondweni yempahla noma izimangalo zenhlangano zamaqembu. Njengoba umphakathi uqhuma nokwanda kokungezwani komphakathi, lo msebenzi uzothola ukuhambisana kwawo.
Uchwepheshe ekuguqukeni kwabantu abakhubazekile nge-Intanethi
Umsebenzi othembisayo wekusasa, ozohambelana eRussia kungekudala. Umnyombo wengcweti enjalo kuzoba ukufaka ubuchwepheshe bekhompyutha eklanyelwe ukuvuselela abakhubazekile. Ubuchwepheshe obunjalo buzogxila ekuqeqesheni, ukusesha umsebenzi, ukubonisana ngezinkinga ezahlukahlukene - konke lokhu kungenziwa ukude ngohlelo lwe-inthanethi.
Isazi sezenhlalo
Ezweni lethu, ubuchwepheshe bezenhlalo kungenye yezimo zokwenza izinqumo emkhakheni wezinqubomgomo zokutshala imali kanye nezinqubomgomo zomsebenzi. Ukuhlola umthamo wemakethe yezabasebenzi, kanye nokutadisha kwabasebenzi kanye nobudlelwano bezenhlalo kukuvumela ukuthi uhambisane nemigomo yezomthetho ekwakhiweni kwamaphrojekthi okushaya umthetho.
Ubuchwepheshe bezenhlalo bufuna futhi kwezokwelapha, lapho kuhlolisiswa izidingo zomuntu ohlolisiwe ngokuphulwa okusebenzayo kwemizimba nezinhlelo, ekunqumeni isidingo sayo sosizo lwenhlalo nokusekelwa kusuka kumbuso. Umsebenzi wanamuhla unesidingo, ngoba kudinga isiphetho sochwepheshe ozimele wezenhlalo ukuxazulula imisebenzi ethile.
Ubuchwepheshe obushiwo namuhla bufanele ezweni lethu futhi njalo ngonyaka isidingo sabo siya ngokuya sisobala.
Ukuqeqeshwa kanye namathemba
Ngenxa yokuthola ukukhula kokuthandwa, ubuchwepheshe bezenhlalo senzeke ukuthenga cishe noma yiliphi izwe laseyunivesithi lephrofayili yokusiza abantu. I-Pedagogical, ezomnotho, kanye namanye amanyuvesi ezokwelapha alungele ukunikeza abafakizicelo ezinhlobonhlobo ezahlukahlukene ezihlukile:
- ISt
- I-Moscow, i-State Psychological and petagogical University - Kunobuhlakani bezokuxhumana kwezenhlalo, lapho ungaqeqeshwa khona lapho uqondisa umsebenzi wezenhlalo nangokusebenza nabantu abasha;
- I-Arkhangelsk, enyakatho yezokwelapha University - Isikhungo sezemfundo sisebenza ngokulungiswa kochwepheshe ukuze kusetshenziswe umsebenzi wezokwelapha nakwezenhlalo nabantu;
- IMoscow, eyunivesithi yezwe. I-Lomonosov - inikeza ukuqeqeshwa kwephrofayili ye- "Ismpiki", "i-Psychology kanye ne-pedagogy yokuziphatha okuphambukayo", "i-demography yezenhlalo";
- ISt. Petersburg, Service State Pedal Service. HEZENZEN - Eyunivesithi ungathola umsebenzi wezengqondo, uthisha wezenhlalo, usonhlalonhle ofanelekile kakhulu.
Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi noma yimuphi umsebenzi ohambisana nomkhakha wezenhlalo unezinzuzo ezingenakuphikwa, okuyinhloko kwalokho ukuthi uchwepheshe uwela amandla okusebenzisa umsebenzi oguquguqukayo nowokuthakazelisa ohlobene nabantu. Amathemba anjalo asiza ukukhulisa kakhulu amakhono abo, athole amakhono okuxhumana futhi aqinisekise ukugcwaliseka komuntu ekunikezeni umphakathi.
Izinzuzo ezinjalo ziqala ukuzibonakalisa esigabeni sokufunda eyunivesithi, futhi lapho zithuthela emsebenzini osebenzayo, amakhono ayahlonishwa futhi amakhono awo anweba.
Umholo
Ungacabangi ukuthi emkhakheni wezenhlalo wemali etholwayo kuzoba mncane. Vele, uchwepheshe we-novice ngeke athole iholo eliphakeme, kepha ngesipiliyoni siyeza imali ephakeme yabasebenzi. Imali etholwayo yosonhlalonhle yokugada noma uthisha ngama-ruble angama-18000-20,000. Izazi zenhlalo zenhlalo zithola amanye ama-ruble aphansi - 25000-28 000 000, kanti ama-gerontlogists aholelwa ama-ruble angama-30,000.
Okuthembisa kakhulu kusuka endaweni yokubuka kwenkokhelo kungubuchwepheshe bochwepheshe ekuguqukeni kwabafuduki (kusuka kuma-ruble angama-40,000) kanye nama-ruble athola ama-ruble angama-43,000. Unjiniyela Wezenhlalo angakufanelekela ama-ruble angama-45,000 ama-ruble, futhi umlamuli wezingxabano zenhlalo ubaluleke kakhulu emakethe yezabasebenzi ngaphezu kwawo wonke - imali etholwayo angaba ngama-500,000-60,000 ama-ruble.
