Abantu abathobekile bathanda ukuzihlobisa. Ekuqaleni kwakuyizimo ezilula nemigexo emibalani ekhanyayo, khona-ke amagobolondo namaminerali amahle. Kamuva, abantu bafunda ukuphatha amakristalu emvelo, avame ukuvela kangangokuba baba yingcebo eqotho. Le ndatshana sizokhuluma ngamasafire.
Izici eziyinhloko
ISapphire ingenye yamagugu emvelo amahle kakhulu futhi abizayo, futhi cishe njalo, kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, lapho umuntu efunda ukukhiqiza nokwelapha futhi enze la makristalu emvelo.
ISapphire, kanye noRuby wayo, isho i-Corundum - amaminerali, isisekelo sawo yi-aluminium oxide ngokungcola okuhlukahlukene, okupendwe ngamakristalu emibala ehlukene. Hlukanisa amasafire wakudala futhi amnandi. Iqembu lokuqala amakristalu ombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka wemithunzi ehlukahlukene. Yebo, owesibili ubangelwa kuwo wonke amanye ama-corundes, ngaphandle kokugcwala ngombala - lawa amarubi.
Amapharamitha asemqoka lapho kulinganiselwa khona umbala wamatshe ayigugu, kufaka phakathi ama-sapphires, ngumthunzi, ukugcwala kombala kanye nokukhanya okukhanyayo. Umthunzi ojwayelekile wama-sapphires we-fantasy awuxhumene nezinhlobonhlobo zemibala yazo. Futhi amakristalu aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okungcono kakhulu yi-cornflower ehamba phambili - umbala wama-sapphires ambiwa eKashmir.
Izakhiwo ezibonakalayo zeCorrunda
| Izinkomba | Ukuqonda |
| Ukwakheka | I-Aluminium oxide ngezithako ezahlukahlukene |
| I-Moos Hardness | I-9 (okwesibili ngemuva kwedayimane) |
| Ukucaca | Kuyahlukahluka kusuka ku-opaque kuya kotafula |
| Ubuningi, G / cm3 | 3.95 - 4.0 |
| Ukuxhumeka kwe-coefficiefnt | 1.766 - 1,774. |
| Ukuqina kukagesi | dielectric |
Ama-Sapphires athathwa njenge-talismans aqinile. Imithombo eminingi ibhalela ukuthi basiza esweni elibi, ukulimala kanye nokukhohlisa, bafake isandla ekutholeni ukuhlakanipha nokuzola. Wayethanda ukugqoka ama-navigators nabahambi, ikakhulukazi abawathanda amatshe asteria (izinkanyezi amasafire).
Kukholelwa nokuthi ukugqokwa kweCorrum kuzuzisa abantu abaphethwe yi-insomnia, i-rheumatism, isithuthwane kanye nezifo ezahlukahlukene.
Ngabe umthunzi uncike kuni?
Umbala wetshe uncike ekwakhekeni kwalo. Ngisho nokuba khona okuncane kokungcola okuphezulu kungashintsha kakhulu imibala nobumsulwa besafire.Umphumela wokungcola ngombala wamaminerali
| Ukungcola | Umbala wamatshe |
| Titanium nosawoti wensimbi | Luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, grey |
| Ukwanda okuqukethwe kwe-titanium | iwolintshi |
| I-oxide vagadium | Onsomi noma ebomvu |
| Okuqukethwe kwensimbi okwandayo | Sine-luhlaza |
| Nickel oxide | -Qanda |
| I-Magnesium, i-zinc kanye nosawoti we-cobalt | -Yimpatho |
| I-Chromium, iron and titanium usawoti | Pink, onsomi, lilac |
| Hematite (ngesimo se-lamellar crystals) | -Nsundu |
| Cishe Ukungabikho okuphelele kokufakwa kwangaphandle | Umbala ongenamibala, omhlophe |
Umbala we-satunation uncike kakhulu kwinombolo nephesenti lesilinganiso sokufakwa kwangaphandle. Ngokusho kwesikimu esikhohlisiwe, ama-sapphires aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ahlukaniswe ngamatshe akhanyayo, aphakathi nendawo alula. Ochwepheshe basetshenziswa lapho kuhlaziywa amakristalu ama-degree ama-5 wezigaba ezisilula nezi-3 zokugcwaliswa.
Umbala oyinhloko uGamma
Ama-sapshire anemibala ahlukahlukene imibala, ngaphandle, njengoba sekushiwo ngenhla, umbala obomvu ocebile.
Okubiza kakhulu amagugu agcwele aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, alandelwa amatshe apinki-ama-orange imibala ("amakamelo e-Pad", okusho ukuthi "izimbali zeLotus"), bese kuthi amakristalu apinki. Ama-sapfires aphuzi asobala kanye nama-asteria a-opaque aphuzi (amatshe, emhlabathini ongaphezulu kwesithombe senkanyezi engu-6 noma eyi-12-beaing ebonakalayo ngokusobala) ahlala endaweni eyi-4 ngezindleko eziphakeme. Isinyathelo esingezansi yi-Orange, Green, Green Gems, kanye nama-Sapfires nge-Alexandrit Effect - okungukuthi, ukuguqula umbala kuya ekukhanyiseni. Ama-Wholes ashibhile kunamatshe angenamibala, kanye ne-Black elula nenkanyezi. Eqinisweni, hhayi kahle shayela kahle ama-sapfires amnyama amnyama - aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngenxa nje yokugcwala okuphezulu kwenhlamvu ababonakala emnyama kanye no-opaque.
Kwesinye isikhathi kukhona amakristalu, ingxenye eyodwa yayo ependwe ngombala owodwa, ngokwesibonelo, okwesibhakabhaka, kanti owesibili - ngokwenye, ngokwesibonelo, ophuzi. Amatshe anjalo abizwa ngokuthi yiPolychrome, noma emunyu, ayaziswa kakhulu ngenxa yokwanda.
Ungakukhetha kanjani?
Lapho ukhetha ubucwebe ngamatshe ayigugu noma ama-semi-ayigugu, adinga isitifiketi esiqinisekisa imvelaphi yemvelo yamaminerali. Kulezi zinsuku, amatshe amaningi ayigugu akhula ngokuzenzakalela emiseleni ye-autoclaves. Iso elinqunu akunakwenzeka ukubahlukanisa ngokwemvelo. Kepha kunomehluko omkhulu ngentengo, ngoba ama-sapphires wemvelo abiza kakhulu, futhi lokhu sekuvele kwakha amathuba amaningi azo zonke izinhlobo zabakhwabanisi. Ngakho-ke, ungakhohlwa ngezitifiketi, futhi esimweni sokutholwa kwamatshe amakhulu, ungavilapha uku-oda ukuhlolwa, ngoba kulula kakhulu ukukhohlisa.
Kunendlela elula yokuhlola uhlobo lwemvelo lwetshe: Qondisa ukukhanya kwe-Ultraviolet Lamp kuyo. Amakristalu emvelo ngasikhathi sinye kufanele ahlelwe, futhi annikelity - cha.
Lapho ubuka isitifiketi, naka ukuhlolwa kwetshe, ngokwesibonelo, 1/2. Isibalo sokuqala sibonisa umbala wetshe (1 - luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), kanye nesigaba sesibili - kusekwe esezingeni eliphezulu (kuya ngobumsulwa betshe kanye nezinga lokusobala lekristalu). Izigaba ezisezingeni le-4 kuphela. Owokuqala ufaka amatshe obumsulwa obukhulu kakhulu nokubonakala obala, lapho kungekho khona amaphutha. Okwesibili kufaka phakathi ama-sapphires asobala anekhwalithi embi kakhulu - enezinkinga ezincane noma ngombala okhungathekile. Ematsheni o-opaque wesigaba sesithathu, amaphutha angabonakala ngeso elinqunu. Yebo, iqembu lesine lifaka amakristalu e-turbid ngamaphutha ashiwo.
Futhi, ungakhohlwa ukubona, kukhona itshe kwalokhu okuhlanjululwe noma cha. Ukuze uthuthukise ikhwalithi, iningi lama-sapphires endalo yemvelo liphathwa ngokushelelayo, okungukuthi, ukufudumala. Lokhu kukuvumela ukuthi ushintshe umbala wetshe, ukhulise ukucaca kwawo, njll. Ezindaweni ezibonakalayo zamaminerali, lokhu kwelashwa akuthinti ama-sapphires wemvelo angekhuliseki aphakeme kakhulu kunokwelashwa.
Bheka itshe ekukhanyeni, okungokwemvelo okuhle kakhulu. Ngaphakathi kwekristalu, ama-microracks avame ukubonwa, okunciphisa ikhwalithi, futhi, ngokufanele, intengo yetshe. Ukukala itshe elisikiwe. Kwesinye isikhathi ngenxa yokucutshungulwa okungafanele noma ukugaya okungalungile, ukubukeka kwegugu kubukeka sengathi kugcwalisa, ngaphandle kokukhombisa bonke ubuhle baso.
Intengo yamakristalu futhi incike kakhulu ezweni lokukhiqizwa kwawo. Ebiza kakhulu amatshe ambiwa eKashmir, eSri Lanka naseTanzania. Amakristalu ama-Burmese nama-Thai alandelwa owesibili. Okulandelayo - Kumanyene kuwo wonke amanye amazwe omhlaba, ngaphandle kwe-Australia, njengoba ama-sapphires ase-Australia atholakala emugqeni ongezansi wokukalwa kwamanani alawa maminerali. Kumele kwaziwe ukuthi idiphozi kaKashmir isivele yathuthukiswa yavalwa. E-Russian Federation kukhona nezinkundla eziningana zeCorrundov - ePeninsula yaseKola (eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okotshani, i-cornstorm) nakuma-urals (grey-blue).
Futhi eRussia, njengakwamanye amazwe, kukhiqizwa ama-corundes okufakelwa, ngoba la matshe awasetshenziswa hhayi ubucwebe, kanye nasezimbonini eziningi.
Mayelana nezakhiwo zeSapphire zichazwe ngezansi.