ICorrundum - amaminerali ayigugu, amaminerali ayigugu, ama-derivatives adume kakhulu kuwo amaSapphire neRuby. La matshe athathwa njengengalungile nje amagugu abalulekile, kepha amagugu esigaba esiphakeme kakhulu. E-MineroGy, kuneqembu leCorundum, elifana nesakhiwo, izakhiwo zebanga lamakhemikhali nelomzimba. Isikhathi eside, ochwepheshe babiwa izinhlobonhlobo zeCorundum njengezinhlobo ezihlukile zamatshe emvelo.
Ngemuva kokuthi izifundo zesayensi yamakhemikhali kanye ne-geological tureies zithole izinga elithile, idatha yatholakala ukuhlanganisa amaminerali eqenjini elilodwa. Onke amaminerali ahluka kuphela ngaphandle, futhi ekwakhekeni kwabo bangomunye. Ngakho-ke yabelwa iqembu lamatshe ngaphansi kwegama elijwayelekile elithi "Corundum".
Umlando Wemvelaphi
Umlando weCorrunda unamakhulu amaningi eminyaka. Isidingo esimangalisayo salolu minerali savuka ngokushesha lapho kuphela ukwakheka kwakhe okwatholakala. Akuwona wonke ama-subspecies ayigugu eCorundim ajwayelekile futhi owaziwa Kepha, mhlawumbe, wonke umuntu uzokwazi ukuphendula umbuzo wokuthi i-ruby noma i-sapphire ibukeka kanjani.
Kepha umbuzo wezimpawu ze-Corrundum Kwabaningi kuzodala ubunzima, yize iqiniso lokuthi itshe elidumile lakhiwa kusuka kumaminerali athile. ICorrundum ine-gamut yombala ocebile nezinhlobonhlobo eziningi. Izindleko zalo ziphakeme, futhi zithandwa phakathi kochwepheshe zikhulu.
Ekuqaleni, wayengathola futhi agqoke kuphela abantu abakhethekile benkolo: abapristi noma abapristi. Kwaqala ukusatshalaliswa kwawo emhlabeni wonke weCorrundum kusuka endaweni yaseNdiya, wangena emazweni aseYurophu. Isidingo seCorrundum sakhiwe ngokushesha okukhulu, amatshe athandwa futhi afunwa.
Kusukela kubaphristi, itshe lathuthela ekukhulumeni, lapho athola khona incazelo engokomfanekiso. Izipho ezinama-corundes omthunzi ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma obomvu emikhakheni yezokuxhumana eziphakeme zazibhekwa njengeziboniso zenhlonipho ejulile.
ERussia, kwavulwa amaminerali maphakathi nekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Igama Ledolobhakazi laseCorunda - Yahont. I-Fry Yahont yigama leruby, kanye ne-lazo-sapphire. Itshe laligugu kakhulu eRussia Abelity kuzo zonke izikhathi zomlando.
Yini?
Emazweni ahlukene, i-Corundum ibizwa ngendlela yabo, futhi Phakathi kwezinto ezinhle kakhulu, uzohlangabezana nokulandelayo:
- I-East Diamond;
- UViolet;
- IPadparadzha;
- I-Eastern Emerald;
- I-Almanatine Sapphire;
- I-Eastern Amethyst.
Kunomqondo onjalo ngokuthi "itshe elihlanzekile" - lokhu kusho ukuthi i-Corundum inezakhiwo ezinhle kakhulu zemvelo futhi zibaluleke kakhulu emakethe yamatshe ayigugu. Kuchazwa iqiniso lokuthi ukuthola amatshe anjalo kunzima kakhulu, ngoba ngokwemvelo kutholakala bambalwa kakhulu.
Izici ezihlukile nencazelo ye-Pure Mineral:
- Ukusobala ngokuphelele;
- Itshe alinambala ngenxa yokuntuleka kombala;
- Uhlobo olukhanyayo lukhazimula, vitreous;
- Ukufana okumangalisayo ngedayimane.
Kuma-deposits amaningi, iCorrunda Thola amaminerali anemibala aqukethe ukuthathwa okuhlukahlukene kwezinhlobo, ngokwesibonelo, uhlobo lwe-colloidal. Ngokuqondene nombala, iphalethi le-Shades lihlaba umxhwele: Oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okubomvu nobomvu, okuluhlaza okotshani, okuphuzi.
Abantu abakhethekile abantu abade beza eRed Corrundum, ngoba amatshe anjalo awuphawu lwamandla namandla.
Indawo yokuzalwa
Namuhla, imali ebekiwe yezinombolo zesafire Corrum cishe zicishe ziphindwe izikhathi ezingama-20 kune-ruby. Izimayini ezinkulu kakhulu zamakristalu zeklkristalu zenziwa e-Asia. Indawo yentuthuko iyi-quadrangle, efaka I-Thailand, iMyanmar, India neSri Lanka. Amarubi ama-rubis abaluleke kakhulu we-premium ivela eSri Lanka naseDemoits yaseMyanmar, kanye nama-sapphires akhethekile eza emakethe yamaJerelry kusuka eNdiya.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, iCorundum imbiwe eTanzania nase-Australia. Ilapho ethola ama-sapphires are share - mnyama, luhlaza. Awekho amadiphozithi amancane amancane atholakala e-United States naseCanada.
Ngokuqondene nezwekazi laseYurophu, ama-CORUDs atholakala eTurkey, Greece, eNorway. Izinkambu zasekhaya zitholakala kuma-urals, ku-primorye nangaphansi kweKrasnoyarsk. Enye yezindawo zakamuva kakhulu zokukhishwa kweCorrundum, ezivulekile hhayi kudala, ziseKazakhstan.
Izakhiwo
Ngokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, iqembu leCorundum lisho i-Crystalline aluminium oxides. Itshe lakhiwa kuphela lapho ukwahlukana kuqukethe inani elikhulu le-alumina, ne-silica kufanele kube ekunikezelweni okufushane. Ngaphezu kwengxenye yokwakheka kwe-crystal yamaminerali - i-aluminium. Ifomula yochungechunge lwamakhemikhali – Al203.
Ubulukhuni kanye nobuningi betshe elihlanzekile liphezulu kakhulu, linomthunzi ompunga kancane, linenhle futhi itshe lihle kakhulu futhi itshe lisobala. Isimo sobulukhuni eCorrunda simi nge-2 Beka ngemuva kwamadayimane esikalini se-MOOS. Ubuningi - okungenani 3.94 g / cm3.
Amatshe angenayo ama-pigment awavamile, ahlukaniswa ngobuhle obumangalisayo futhi abe ne-glitter efana nengilazi.
Imvamisa eKorunde kukhona okungokwemvelo Ukuvula i-chromium, iron, i-manganese ne-titanium. Lokhu kungcola futhi kunikeze umbala wokugcina wamakristalu amaminerali, udale umcebo wezithunzi. I-iron oxide inika umthunzi we-yellowniss, kanye nokuba khona indlala Ngefomu elihlanzekile -Nsundu ithoni. I-iron maqondana ne mangangane Inika Corundum -Okuphinki Umbala.
Ngenxa yokungenelela kwe-titanium, amaminerali abe yiSapphire, futhi phambi kwe-chromium kucima iRuby Corrum . Ukwenza i-picment ujusi futhi wagcwala, ukugqoka amakristalu kufakwa ku-x-ray ukucubungula, futhi zigqamile. Ukushisa amaminerali, kunalokho, kunciphisa ukuqina kombala. Isibonelo, itshe le-violet Shade lingaba pinki kancane.
Ama-coround anezinto zemilingo nezinempilo. Ngenxa yokugqokwa kwetshe okujwayelekile, kungenzeka ukuthi ube yindoda egxile emziyeni futhi yezethumele. Uthinta ngokuphelele inkumbulo futhi andise amandla okukhumbula ngekhanda, akhulise umsebenzi wengqondo. Ngakho-ke, kunconywa ukuthi kusetshenziswe ngesikhathi sokuqeqeshwa, kanye nasezinhlelweni zocwaningo noma umsebenzi wokusungula.
Itshe lifanele futhi abantu abadala abafuna ugqozi.
Umthelela wetshe uyahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lobucwebe lapho lutholakala khona.
- Izindandatho namasongo. Imihlobiso enjalo inomthelela omuhle kumathalente, efihliwe kumuntu, ekukhuleni ngokomoya komuntu. Uma uhlala ugqoke indandatho nge-Corrundum esandleni sakho, khona-ke ngokuzumayo wavusa amakhono ongakaze asole. Ukufaka abantu abangathi sína futhi okuqinile, abantu abanolwazi bacebisa indandatho kuphela emunweni ophakathi.
- Namacici. Thinta kahle ukuhlolwa kwenhloso kwalokho okwenzekayo, ungakwazi ukuhlola okwengeziwe ngezenzo nezenzo. Uma ucabanga ngenjongo yempilo, ukugqoka i-Corrundum ngamacici, kuzosiza ekuboneni hhayi kuphela kulolu daba, kodwa futhi ngokwalo, futhi nakho futhi kuzokuholela ekuvumelaneni kwangaphakathi.
- Pendant nokumiswa. Ilungele labo abadinga ukuthula, ukulingana. Uma ungazinzi ngokwemigomo, ukungaphumuli, ukukhathazeka njalo, ukucasuka, kusekwe ngolaka - lokhu kuyinhlanganisela yakho. Kuzosiza ukuba ugxile kakhulu, uzolile, ungahlushwa amaconsi emizwelo.
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi ungasaphathwa izakhiwo zemvelo yokwelapha, ngoba i-Corundum ibhekwa njengenye yamaminerali aphumelela kakhulu. Umbala uncike ekutheni isenzo itshe elizoba nalo emzimbeni futhi yini engasiza.
Nge-Therapeutic Goal, sincoma ukugqoka umhlobiso ngeCorrundum noma unale tshe nawe esikhwameni. Izenzo ezinjalo zizosiza ukuxazulula izinkinga eziningi zezempilo: Buyisela ukungatheleleki kanye nokusebenza okujwayelekile kwezitho zangaphakathi. URubin uthinta ngokuphelele imetabolism, kuyasiza ukubhekana nezifo zemikhumbi, izinhliziyo, amasistimu wokujikeleza ngegazi.
Amaminerali aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka Thuthukisa umsebenzi wezinhlangano zombono, -Qanda Insizwa ithinta impilo yangaphandle: isikhumba, izinwele, izipikili, nikeza isikhumba sokuqina kwesikhumba nokusha. Uma ufuna ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwezitho zokugaya ukudla noma wehlise isisindo, khona-ke kufanele usebenzise amatshe omthunzi ophuzi. -Bomvu Amatshe ajwayelekile umfutho wegazi. -Okusabukhwebezane Umbala wamaminerali uzosiza ngezifo zohlelo lwezinzwa, i-neurosis, izifunda eziphazamisayo, ama-neuralgias kanye nezinkinga zemithambo. Ezimweni zokushaywa unhlangothi, ukulimala kobuchopho kunconyelwa ukugqoka itshe lalesithunzi.
Labo abafuna ukuthuthukisa ithoni yomzimba ephelele, kufanele ugqoke ubucwebe, lapho kuhlanganiswa khona izithunzi zamatshe.
Izinhlobo
Izinhlobo ezibaluleke kakhulu zamaminerali - iSapphire neRuby, zinesigaba esiphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwamagugu. Naphezu kokwakheka okufanayo nezakhiwo, amatshe ahlukane komunye nomunye.
URuby unezici ezilandelayo:
- unombala obomvu wemithunzi ehlukene;
- Iphalethi liyahlukahluka kusuka ku-cherry enamafutha kanye nesihlahla esibomvu esimnyama ukuya kumathoni athambile abuthakathaka;
- Amathoni agcwele anenani elingenhla (obomvu, i-cherry, i-burgundy, ebomvu emnyama);
- I-Stones I isigaba ngentengo yazo ivame ukwedlula inani ledayimane;
- Isilinganiso esiphakeme sobala.
URundum Ruby unayo Ama-subspecies ambalwa anezici ezihlukile.
- Inkanyezi . I-Crystal engavamile, ibukeka ihlukile ngenxa yomphumela wokubuka. Uma ubheka ukusikwa, ungabona imibhalo esesimweni senkanyezi.
- Ceylon. Itshe elihle kakhulu le-violet umthunzi okhanyayo, i-cast lilac.
- Siamese. Izinhlobonhlobo zama-shades ziyahlukahluka kusuka ku-brown futhi zibomvu ku-violet, futhi amaminerali abukeka ezwakalayo futhi muhle.
Izici ezilandelayo zibonakaliswa ngesafire:
- Ukusobala okuhlukile;
- Isigaba esiphakeme kakhulu phakathi kwamagugu;
- I-SHADE Palette ifaka amathoni aphuzi aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka emthunzini we-cornflower okhanyayo, obamba;
- Ukugcwala kwezithunzi kuphakathi, kepha umbala ngokwawo ujulile impela.
I-Corunduum Sapshires inezinhlobonhlobo eziningana.
- Onsomi. Lolu hlobo lubizwa nangokuthi i-Eastern Amethyst, inombala onsomi okhangayo onsomi.
- Chlorosappyr. Okubaluleke kakhulu ematsheni ama-Sapphires samatshe anethoni eluhlaza okotshani. Le minerali ifana kakhulu ne-emerald, futhi uchwepheshe kuphela ongabahlukanisa. Elinye igama i-chlorosapphor - e-East Emerald.
- IPadparadja. Ifaka amathoni akhanyayo we-orange, ophuzi, opinki njengobubanzi obukhanyayo nobumnyama be-shades. Ngokusobala, wonke amatshe angahluka ngokuphelele.
- Leukosappyr. Izici zokubonakala kwazo zingenaphutha, lolu hlobo lohlobo olubizwa ngokuthi idayimane elisempumalanga.
- Inkanyezi . Izinhlobonhlobo ezingandile, zinezici ezifanayo nemiphumela enoRuby yegama elifanayo. Itshe lokuhlanzeka okumangalisayo nokusobala, kubiza kakhulu futhi kwaziswa kakhulu ngabaqoqi.
I-Crundum Emsulwa ayinawo umbala, okungukuthi, empeleni kumhlophe noma nge-tinge empunga, engatholakali kakhulu.
Lapho kusebenza khona?
Ukusetshenziswa kweReguguus Corundum kuyasebenza hhayi ubucwebe. I-Opaque Grainy Stone esetshenziswa embonini enobungozi . Kuwo yenza izimpondo zohlobo lokupholisha, amathuluzi wokugaya, izinto ezivelayo.
Ngenxa yokumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu, i-Corundum isetshenziswa ngempumelelo ku Ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yezokwelapha, ama-elekthronikhi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Corundum isetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwezinto ezinezinto zokufakwa kwe-thermal. Enye indawo lapho izakhiwo zeCorundand zivame ukusetshenziswa khona - Imboni yendiza. I-Corundum esetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwesikhundla esiphezulu sengilazi esezingeni eliphakeme ukuze i-portholes hhayi kuphela izindiza, kodwa futhi nemicibisholo yesikhala.
Ngaphandle kwazo zonke lezi zici, i-Corundum evame kakhulu isetshenziswa ekwenziweni kobucwebecwebe. Imikhiqizo enama-rubies kanye nama-sapphireres afunwa kakhulu.
Ngubani oza?
Kukholakala ukuthi i-Corundum yitshe labantu abanokuqina, umsebenzi, ukuqina kanye nentando yokunqoba. Izakhiwo zetshe zikuvumela ukuthi uthumele abantu emgomweni, uhlanganise izinsiza zabo zangaphakathi. Ngokusho kwababhula ngezinkanyezi, le minerali ifanelana nezimpawu eziningi zodiac.
Ngokwesibonelo, I-Aquarius, umdlavuza kanye nezinhlanzi Ingahle igqokwa ngaphandle kwemikhawulo. Kubo, amaminerali asebenza ngezakhiwo zawo ezinhle kakhulu futhi akuvumela ukuthi uhehe amaza amahle wamandla avikela ngokungemuhle. UCorundum uzobasiza ikakhulukazi labo ababandakanyeka kwezebhizinisi noma imisebenzi yokudala, nalabo abavikelekile bamandla obuthakathaka kakhulu.
Ama-aries Le crystal cishe ilungile futhi kungcono ukugwema ukugqoka kwakhe eneminyaka emincane. Uma usuneminyaka engama-40 ubudala, khona-ke kuwe lo mkhawulo awusebenzi. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ekuvuthweni kwama-Aries kungasusa okuwusizo kakhulu etsheni: Impumelelo empilweni yomuntu siqu, ukukhula kwemisebenzi, amathalente okuvuka.
Ngokwezigaba akwelulekwe ukugqoka i-corundum Upspicorn - Kuzo zonke izimpawu eziyi-12 ze-zodiac, iyodwa ngaphandle kwendlela ehambelana namandla wale minerali. Uma ungacabangi lokho kungahambelani, khona-ke zonke izakhiwo zetshe zizoqala ukusebenza kwelinye icala, ngokumelene nomuntu. Ngokuqondene nazo zonke ezinye izibonakaliso, zingahlotshiswa ngetshe elinjalo, kepha zihlangane nelinye igugu. Ngokwesibonelo, Izengane UCorundum uzosiza ngokukhethekile ngokuhambisana ne-turquoise, futhi Ukuvalela Le minerali ingcono ukugqoka ngokuhlanganiswa ne-amber noma i-brown ebukhali agate.
Imithetho Yokunakekela
Ematsheni kwakuhlala kunokubukeka okumangazayo, kudingeka ubanakekele kahle:
- Sula ngezikhathi ezithile umhlobiso ngendwangu enomswakama kwikhambi lotshwala be-ammoni ngamanzi;
- Ukulimala kwemishini kunzima impela, kepha kuyadingeka ukuyihlola ngohlaka ukuze uhlole ngezikhathi ezithile;
- Gcina imihlobiso ekukhanyeni, ikakhulukazi ngaphansi kwelanga elangeni elifanele, anqatshelwe ngokuphelele;
- Akunakwenzeka ukunxusa imihlobiso ngamatshe emvelo, njengoba imibala yawo ingashintsha, iba lula;
- Ungasebenzisi ukuhlanza imihlobiso ngamakhemikhali e-Corundium nezindlela ezi-abrasive - nikeza okukhethayo ezixazululweni zamanzi asolwandle.
Ungayihlukanisa kanjani itshe lemvelo kusuka kumbukwane?
Ekupheleni kwekhulu le-XIX, isabelo sokuqala sokwenziwa sakhiqizwa, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi, amaminerali akhiqizwayo atshalwa ezindaweni zokucwaninga, ezingabizwa ngokuthi amafayili, kepha zinokwehluka okukhulu kumagugu wemvelo. Ama-laboratories okulima amakristalu aseRussia, eJalimane, eSwitzerland. Njengoba i-crystal yemvelo ibiza kakhulu, I-Artificial Corundum isemfunweni enkulu. Ngaphandle, zifana kakhulu namaminerali emvelo, futhi zibiza kakhulu.
Lapho uthenga imikhiqizo ngamatshe emvelo, udinga ukulandisa kakhulu, ngoba kunengozi yokuthenga inkohliso futhi ukhokhe ngo-10, noma ngisho nezikhathi eziyi-100 ngaphezulu kwalokho okufanelekile. Kunezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokunquma umsuka wamaminerali.
Ngekristalu ngayinye yemvelo iyatholakala Isitifiketi sekhwalithi lapho kukhonjiswa khona indawo yokudla kwayo. Uma kungekho sitifiketi, futhi umkhiqizo uwele ezandleni zakho, weqa enhlanganweni yezohwebo, ungahlola ngokuzimela ikhwalithi yawo, ngokwesibonelo, ngokushisa. Amakristalu okuvutha afudumele ukuze umbala wabo ube namanzi athe xaxa, kepha uma ushisa itshe elinjalo futhi, lizozwa.
E-Oratificial Korunde, ngokungafani nemvelo, ama-bubble amoya angaba khona. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-corundum yelabhoratri inezinhlobo zohlobo lwe-curvilinear, ingabonakala, imbheke ngengilazi ekhulisayo.
Uma uhlela ukwenza ukuthenga kwe-Corrundum yemvelo, Nikeza umkhiqizo ukuhlola lapho uchwepheshe uzowuhlola khona ngesibonakhulu noma i-polariskop . Ukuhlolwa okunjalo kuzokusiza ekuboneni ubuqiniso bamaminerali futhi ugcina ukutholwa kwenkohliso.
Mayelana nendlela elula yokuhlukanisa inkohliso itshela ividiyo elandelayo.