Izandla ezivela ephepheni zithandwa nge -Istewomen - wonke umuntu mhlawumbe azame ukwenza ama-appliques noma izibalo ze-Origami. Kodwa-ke, kunolunye uhlobo lwemikhiqizo eyenziwe ngephepha eyenziwe ngabantu, evumela ukuthi udale amamodeli wejometri izinto zangempela - lokhu kuwukuhamba ngezinyawo. Kulesi sihloko sizokutshela ukuthi ubuciko, njengoba bubonakala nokuthi yiziphi izinhlobo ezingenziwa ngenqubo enjalo.
Yini?
I-PveroveryCraft iyimodeli yamaphepha yezinto ezahlukahlukene ezenziwe ngemvelo noma abantu. Inqubo ifaka ukwakhiwa kwezidalwa eziningi (amanje noma izinganekwane), ubuchwepheshe noma ukwakheka kwejometri. Ukusebenza, isisekelo sephepha noma amakhadibhodi - okuqukethwe kuhlukaniswe izingxenye futhi kuxhuma ngokukhethekile komunye nomunye ukuthola ifomu elidingekayo. I-Volumetric Paper Modeling ukubukeka okuthandwayo kokuzilibazisa, amaholide awusizo nokufunda ngokuzikhandla.
I-Pencraft ithuthukisa ukucabanga okwakhayo nokudala - UMdali wezibalo uzofunda ukubona izinto ezizungezile ngendlela entsha.
I-Model Modeling iyafana neyaziwa njenge-origami, kepha lezi zinkomba ezimbili ziyehluka kakhulu phakathi kwazo. I-Origami ukulungiswa kwezibalo ngokuguquguquka nokugoqa izingxande nezikwele ephepheni ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-glue. Ingqikithi Pencraft iwukuba ukuphuma amaphethini ngephepha futhi lezo nabo nomunye, kuphumele sibalo kancane uthukuthele, kodwa liyabonakala wesidalwa noma isihloko. Amamodeli abukeka engajwayelekile futhi eqobo, ngakho-ke inqubo nzima kakhulu ukuyidida ngokunye.
Ezimweni eziningi, ama-novice handicraft adala amamodeli avela emaphethini aphrintiwe noma athenge amasethi enziwe alungele izingxenye zoMkhandlu. Kancane kancane, abantu bajwayelana nemigomo eyisisekelo yezobuchwepheshe, amasu aqoqiwe kanye nezixazululo ezijwayelekile zokwakha izibalo. Prakthiza ngokusekelwe kwizingxenye ezenziwe ngomumo isiza kancane kancane ukudala amamodeli ajwayelekile, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, i-wislewomen ingafunda ngisho nokusungula nokufaka imibono yazo kwiTencraft inqubo.
Isethi ngayinye esenziwe ngomumo yokuhlelwa kwamaphepha iqukethe imiyalo ngesimo somdwebo okudingeka ufunde ukukufunda. Inqubo yokudala yokwakha izinto ikhulisa ubukhulu, ukunaka imininingwane nokufisa ukufeza impumelelo. Le nqubo sihlinzekela ushintsho uhlobo umsebenzi - umhlangano bhukwana we nokunye iphethini nge ukufunda futhi ibonisa umdwebo. Akukho monotony evimbela ukulahlekelwa yintshisekelo yokuba nentshisekelo, ngakho-ke abantu bavame ukwenza lobu buciko isikhathi eside kakhulu.
Umlando Wemvelaphi
Izazi-mlando eziningi zinamathela emibonweni yokuthi ubuciko bephepha le-Modeling bavela eChina ngekhulu le-II BC. Ns. AmaShayina kwakungubantu abathuthukayo - basebenzisa ipeninali bobuciko nokuhlobisa izakhiwo. Ukuqondiswa kobuciko kwakhula futhi kwakhula, ngakho-ke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kwaphenduka ubuciko obuhlukile, okuvamile kulo lonke elaseMpumalanga Asia. Imodeli futhi yathuthela eJapan, lapho inqubo yathola khona inani elikhulu lezicelo ezahlukahlukene.
Ensimini ka ezwekazini laseYurophu, iphepha ukumodeliswa uvele ngaphambi N. xv ekhulwini Ns. Owokuqala eYurophu, ukuqondiswa kobuciko kwasabalalisa kakhulu amaFulentshi - baxazulula ukukhiqizwa kwabantu abaningi amasethi aphrintiwe epeni. Ekuqaleni, inqubo yethulwe isikhathi eside njengendlela yokuzilibazisa yezingane - izinto ezijwayelekile ezenziwe, njengezinombolo, ukwakheka kwejometri noma izinhlamvu.
Abantu abadala bamukela uthando ngemuva kwesikhathi esithile, ngoba ngendlela elula yokwenza izibalo ifihlile amandla amakhulu. Ukuqoqwa kwamamodeli aphefumulelwe abaculi abampofu balesosikhathi emkhiqizweni wesabelomali owengeziwe wezesabelomali - enye indlela yokupenda ebizayo yasikwa futhi izingcezu zephepha ezibizayo zanqunywa futhi zifakwe izingcezu zephepha ezakha ivolumu ethile.
Lesi sitayela sobuciko obuhle singatholakala futhi manje - wagcina zonke izici zenqubo esungulwe amakhosi asendulo.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, izibalo kusukela iphepha ekugcineni ethandwa phakathi abadala - abantu baqala ukwenza imikhiqizo original kungakhathaliseki ubulili nobudala. Ukwanda kokuzilibazisa kwaholela ekukhuleni okusebenzayo komkhakha - kwakukhona inani elikhulu lamamodeli kanye nezinhlobo zamazinga ahlukene okuxaka. Amamodeli angokoqobo wezindlu, ubuchwepheshe, imibala kanye nezilwane, kanye nezinhlelo ezinenombolo enkulu yemininingwane emincane, efana namamodeli wezindiza zangempela, imikhumbi namathangi, kuthengisiwe.
Inqubo yokumodelwa kwamaphepha iye yathandwa phakathi kwabaklami bezakhiwo, abaqambi kanye nonjiniyela - bayisebenzisa ukubona ngeso lengqondo amaphrojekthi abo. Phakathi kwabantu abaziwayo, ukuqondiswa kwakusetshenziswa ngenkuthalo emisebenzini yabo ye-Alect Aviet: U-Alexander Sergeevich Yakovlev ne-Rocket kanye nesikhala Space Designer Sergei Pavlovich Korolev. Ezimbonini zezimoto nezindiza, le ndlela isetshenziswa kabanzi - aqala ukudala amamodeli amancane, abese esekelwe ekufezeni kwawo.
Ukubukisisa
Isikhombisi sokuqala lapho izibalo zamaphepha zihlukaniswe khona izinhlobo zezilwane ziyizinga lobunzima bokuklama. Kukhona amasethi akhanyayo anenombolo encane yamaphethini enzelwe izingane nabaqalayo. Amasethi anzima anzima alungele labo asebevele benza umsebenzi onjalo futhi bayakwazi ukubekezelela ngokucophelela nangokucophelela. Kukhona futhi izinhlobo zezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lobunzima - ziqukethe inani elikhulu lezingxenye ezincane futhi zenzelwe inalizo, umlutha kakhulu we-papcraft. Izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi zimbozwe ngopende ne-varnish, ngakho-ke kunzima ukuzihlukanisa nemikhiqizo yepulasitiki.Ukulinganisa kusuka ephepheni kusathandwa kakhulu e-Asia naseJapan, ngakho-ke kwalapho kwasungulwa izinkomba ezikhethekile zobuciko: I-Cubecraft, iChibicraft ne-3D-Papermodel. Sinikeza ngemininingwane eminingi ngohlobo ngalunye lwedizayini.
Cuberaft.
Indlela ye-CubEecraft isuselwa kumajamo wejometri: isikwele kanye nesikwele. Ukulandela inqubo, ama-handicrafts enza amamodeli ama-cubes kanye nama-parallepipeds. Kunezindlela ezimbili zokuphila "ukuphefumula" kuleyo ndalo: Abasanda kufika badala izibalo ezingxenyeni ezithile lapho izingxenye zomzimba noma izingxenye zezinqubo zaqala ukuphrinta, ama-advanced wizards aqala ukudala ifomu futhi kuphela lapho afaka umdwebo.
Ekuqondisweni kwe-CubEecraft, kuvame ukukhombisa izidalwa ezifanayo ngesimo kumaHero avela kumdlalo odumile we-minecraft. Amakhanda ayisikwele, izidumbu, izandla nezinyawo ziyithempulethi ejwayelekile yazo zonke izibalo zalesi sigaba, izingxenye ezengeziwe kuphela nomdwebi ophrintiwe ohlukile. Kulesi sigaba sobuciko bephepha baqoqa bonke abalingiswa abawuthandayo babantu: izinhlamvu zekhathuni, ama-serials, i-cinema ne-anime.
I-Cubeecraft Technique ilula, ngakho-ke amakhosi akweluleka ukuqala ukwazana kwawo ngePoveReft kuyo. Isigaba silungele izingane kanye nabaqalayo, ngoba amasethi aqukethe imininingwane ethile enendlela elula yomhlangano nohlu olukhulu lwezinhlamvu eziyizintandokazi.
Ngezinye izikhathi ngesimo yezandla square kukhona amaqhawe yokuzicabangela, kodwa futhi ubuntu bangempela abadumile hhayi kuphela.
Chibicraft.
Ukuqondiswa kweChibicraft kuqhamuke eJapan, isisekelo semikhiqizo yokumodela kuleyo ndlela yizinhlamvu ze-anime ngesitayela seChibi ngamakhanda amakhulu nemizimba emincane. Izibalo esitayeleni esinjalo zingaba lula futhi ziyinkimbinkimbi impela, into esemqoka ukulondolozela isilinganiso esithile sohlamvu. Iningi lazo zonke izigaba zobuciko bephepha lithandwa ngabathandi be-anime, ngakho-ke kunenombolo enkulu yezifanekiso zamaqhawe zemisebenzi enjalo.
Uhla lwemikhiqizo yeChibicraft ikakhulukazi luqukethe izinhlamvu ze-anime ethandwa yi-veneer. Kodwa-ke, hhayi amaqhawe kuphela adalwe kwinqubo yepenictor - futhi akhiqiza izidalwa ezimnandi nezinganekwane, ngokwesibonelo: Pokemon noma amademoni avela emasikweni aseJapan.
3d-papermodel.
3D-PaperModel nqubo ibizwa zihlukaniswa inqwaba izingxenye futhi esiphezulu afana yasekuqaleni. Lona kakhulu indlela nzima ukwakha iphepha amamodeli bekwi kuphela papecraft amakhosi eziphambili.
3D-PaperModel indlela isetshenziselwa ukwenza imihlobiso ekhaya - isilwane izibalo, izitshalo kanye izidalwa wasenganekwaneni zipendwe ngopende acrylic, futhi ziba ukubaza Okuyınqo, alingeni kunoma yiziphi ingaphakathi. Onjiniyela nabaqambi asebenzise ngokugcwele 3D-PaperModel amasu ukudala amaphrojekthi ezinkulu e-miniature - Lokhu kukuvumela ukuba ucabange kusengaphambili izakhi ngabanye kanye ukuvimbela nobunzima enkulu ekwakhekeni imikhiqizo uhlobo.
Futhi, izindlela of Steampunk, Chivalry futhi Ekwenza Umlingiswa imidlalo emidlalweni ye-computer - 3D-PaperModel ithekhniki le kuvumela kubo ukwakha isakhiwo izakhi ikusasa ikhabethe eyiqiniso.
Yini engenziwa ngephepha?
PopperKraft lembula isikhala esikhulu wezandla lokusungula - ungakha izibalo ezilula zezingane noma onobuhle eziyinkimbinkimbi ingaphakathi. Sinikeza ukucabangela uhlu imibono ezithakazelisayo iphepha yokumodela.
- izinhlamvu Square. Indlela elula nijabula futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuyasiza ukuchitha isikhathi nengane - kuba ukwakha wezandla ngezandla zakho. I Cubeecraft Parcraft mkhulu ngalezi zinjongo, ngaphezu, izibalo amakhadibhodi heroes ozithandayo iyoba amathoyizi zangempela inhlukano izingane. Le nqubo eba guys esizikhandlayo, ukusinda, kuthuthukisa motility amancane kudingeka ukuqapha.
- Kakhulu isilwane onobuhle. Izilwane ziye njalo matasa indawo ekhethekile ukuphila kwabantu - abameleli nezilwane aphefumulele yokugcina ku ukudalwa izindiza nemikhumbi-ngwenya, kanye womshini yezandla ahlukahlukene. Izilwane eziningi ezithandwayo ngoba ukumodeliswa ezibhekwa okulandelayo: isikhova, inja, izinyamazane, impungushe, ikati, panda kanye iqhude. ezincelisayo Underwater wahlala eceleni kwamanzi ezincelisayo - Umkhomo oluhlaza isetshenziswa njengophawu prototype iphepha izibalo. Futhi ngokuvamile idala amamodeli we izidalwa wasenganekwaneni, ezifana Unicorn, udrako, Pegasus noma Garpia.
- Imikhiqizo for girls. abameleli ubulili lesidze uncamela yezandla zemvelo, ngakho izimbali ngo inqubo Pencraft, bavame. Ingase futhi ibe inhliziyo enhle noma ibhokisi zokuhloba ngesimo imodeli ephepheni. Noma kunjalo, lezo zibalo kungakwenza futhi guys, uya anganipha isipho abesifazane ngoMashi 8 nanoma iliphi elinye iholide.
- Imikhiqizo for guys. Abesilisa uncamela izindlela ezilandelayo: izakhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, izakhiwo ubunjiniyela, imishini. Kungaba imishini enemininingwane, isibonelo: amathangi, imikhumbi, izimoto kanye izindiza. Ngokuvamile kukhona rocket kule nqubo ye Pencraft - onjiniyela ukusebenzisa imihlobo ngesisekelo iphrojekthi. Kwesinye isikhathi abantu nokutlama amaphetheni ngobuningi ngephepha, ngokuphinda izinhlobo izindlu noma amakota lonke ephezulu liphumele izakhiwo.
Isibalo samakhadibhodi esenziwe ngezandla sabo siyisipho esihle sendoda ngoFebhuwari 23.
- Imaski. Ukumbumbuluzwa kwamaphepha kukuvumela ukuthi udale noma yini, kepha imaski yathandwa kakhulu. Iningi labantu lidala imaski yezilwane ezahlukahlukene ezingagqokwa. Umhlangano umkhiqizo onjalo ulula, futhi umphumela unemibala emihle kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma umboza imaski ngopende we-acrylic kuya kwithoni yombala wezilwane. Uma uhlela ukugqoka i-wardrobe into enjalo, yinamathisela kusuka ephepheni eliwugqinsi noma ebhodini, bese uqinisa nge-epoxy resin.
Yini ezodinga umsebenzi?
Ngaphezu kwezinto eziyisisekelo, njengephepha noma ikhadi lekhadibhodi, i-papctor izodinga futhi isethi eyengeziwe yamathuluzi nezinto zokwakha. Siphakamisa ukubheka uhlu lwezinto ezidingekayo ukuze ubuhlakani.
- Mbusi. Umbusi wensimbi omuhle ufaneleke kahle - kungadalwa kahle ngama-bends ahlanzekile emigqeni echaziwe.
- Isikele. Isikhafu esikhethekile sephepha noma samakhadibhodi, esingasikwa ngqo eceleni kwe-contour echaziwe.
- Tweezers. Imininingwane emincane kunzima ukuyiqoqa ngezandla zakho, ngakho-ke udinga ukufakwa ngesethi yama-tweezers ezimo ezahlukahlukene nobukhulu.
- Ummese wezinto zokugcina. Ibanga elibukhali lizoba lula ukusika amaphethini kulayini we-curly.
- Glue. Noma yiliphi iphepha elinamaphepha kanye nokunamathela okunama-adhesive anezinhlangothi ezimbili kufanelekile, kepha akudingeki njalo - i-glue ekhethekile yamamodeli ephepha ivame ukufakwa kusethi.
- Ithuluzi lokusebenzisa i-glue. Kungaba i-wand yokhuni ye-sushi noma i-wand kusuka ku-ayisikhilimu, ungasebenzisa futhi indle noma isikulufa esidala sokonakala.
- Ipensela. Imigqa eyengeziwe isetshenziswa ngepensela elilula, ungasebenzisa futhi isibambo, kepha kuzoba nzima ukusula uma kudingeka ukulungiswa kokudweba.
Lolu uhlu oluyisisekelo lwezinto ezidingekayo zokumodela iphepha, kepha lungabuyiselwa ngamaphuzu angeziwe. Okwezinkwa eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, izinto zokwenza izinto zingadinga upende we-acrylic, amabhulashi, ama-varnish kanye nokuqedwa okuncane kokuqeda.
Kumasethi, iphepha lokudala selivele likhethiwe, ngakho-ke akudingeki ucabange ngakho. Uma uhlela ukudala izibalo ngokwakho izifanekiso eziphrintiwe noma imidwebo yakho, udinga ukukhetha impahla eyinhloko ngendlela efanele. Kungcono ukuyeka ukusetshenziswa kwephepha lamaphephandaba elihle namashidi amaphepha amaphepha amakhathi, uma kungenjalo izibalo zizophenduka zintekenteke kakhulu. Khetha iphepha lesikhumba noma amakhadibhodi ancanyana - izinto ezinjalo ngeke ziphule futhi ngasikhathi sinye zizothatha kalula ifomu elidingekayo.
Amakhosi abuye ancoma ukukhetha iphepha ngombala ofanayo ezinhlangothini zombili.
Izikimu ezilula zabaqalayo
Amasethi we-Modeling ePhepha ezinganeni kanye nabaqalayo aqukethe ukujuluka okusikiwe kwephepha eliwugqinsi noma amakhadibhodi adinga ukuguquguquka ngokufanele futhi agcotshwe ngezinombolo. Ikhithi ngalinye lifaka imiyalo eningiliziwe kanye nomdwebo wokusiza ukuqoqa isibalo. Siphakamisa ukuthi sicabangele amamodeli ambalwa alula wabaqalayo kubuciko bepenctor.
- I-Lizard. Isikimu soMhlangano esisuka eReptile silula, ngoba siqukethe ucezu olulodwa kuphela. Ukuhlanganisa isibalo, udinga ukugoba kahle nezingxenye zomzimba - ukuze umsila, ama-paws kanye nama-clove ngemuva kwakheka.
- Spongebob. Shayela okuhlekisayo ngeqhawe elidumile lekhathuni lezingane legama elifanayo. Imigqa futhi ichazwe emdwebeni isho izindawo zamagiya, futhi ezansi kwekhanda kunama-slots akhethekile okunamathisela emzimbeni. Izandla zesiponji uBob zinamathiselwe phakathi kwekhanda nomzimba nge-crossbar ende.
- I-Ladybug. Isikimu esingewona esijwayelekile, ivolumu lapho itholakala khona ngama-flexis egobolondo lesinambuzane. Isifanekiso siqukethe izingxenye ezimbili: isisu ngekhanda nangemuva. Okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukwakha igobolondo, bese unamathisela imilenze kanye nemihlane yesisu, uxhuma izingxenye ezimbili nomunye. Okulandelayo, yenza isigaxa esimakwe ngomugqa onamachashazi, bese unamathisela ubuso benkomo kaNkulunkulu uye emuva.
- Mario. Lo mlingisi ngokuqinisekile uyazi wonke umuntu, ngoba uyiqhawe lomdlalo wevidiyo othandwayo ogama lakhe lingu-talisman kaMdali. Isibalo yithempeli elijwayelekile futhi lihlangene kanye neSpongebob.
- Sawubona Kitty. Kudume phakathi kwamantombazane amantombazane sawubona ama-kitty bond kusuka ezingxenyeni ezi-5 futhi kunzima kunezinye izinhlelo ezivela kulolu hlu. Lona ummeleli we-CubEecraft okhanyayo - I-handicraft eqediwe eqediwe iqukethe ama-cubes ngokuphelele futhi aqondane.
- Squirrel nge nati. Umkhiqizo usezingeni lobuciko bezinkinga eziphakathi. Ukwenza imodeli yamaprotheni kudinga amakhono athile, ukunamathela kanye nokunemba okuvela enaliningi, ngakho-ke kungcono ukukwenza kulabo asevele benze umshado elungiselelwe amamodeli ngaphambili.
Noma kunjalo, okuyisibonelo kusalula uma uyiqhathanisa namamodeli wephepha le-3D elinengqondo.
Ungaqinisa kanjani isibalo?
Kumamodeli amaningi, ukuqiniswa okwengeziwe akudingekile, ngokwesibonelo, uma kungumhlobiso ongaphakathi noma umhlobiso wangadonga. Imikhiqizo enjalo eyenziwe ngabantu inobuningi obunele bokwenza isikhumba noma amakhadibhodi ukuze balondoloze ifomu.
Izesekeli kanye nezinto ze-wardrobe, njengemaski nokulingisa izembatho zempi, zidinga ukuqiniswa okwengeziwe. Lezi zinto zizosetshenziswa njalo futhi zivezwe ezintweni zangaphandle, ukuze zilondoloze ukwakheka, kuyadingeka ukuphathwa nge-epoxy resin. Lokhu kwaziswa kuyaphumelela futhi kulula ukusetshenziswa - epoxy kuyinto enkulu ngokwenza ephepheni onobuhle baqaphe futhi umonakalo esitebeleni.
Ukuze uqinise imikhiqizo eqophelweni lepeni, landela imiyalo yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
- Okokuqala, lungiselela ingxube yokunamathela ngokulandelana okulandelayo: hlanganisa ngokucophelela i-hardener ne-resin, bese ufaka utshwala kwikhambi kuze kube yilapho uketshezi nokushayela kungaguquki kuphume.
- Sebenzisa ungqimba wokuqala we ketshezi yokugcizelela kuse ecaleni ongaphandle we yezandla, bese bevala iphepha ngebhandeshi noma ingilazi mncane.
- Faka isicelo ngokuqukethwe futhi, faka ungqimba we-epoxy resin, uzama ukungaphazamisi ubuqotho bophawu. Ngemuva kwalesi sigaba, lindela ukomiswa okuphelele kwe-resin.
- Ngaphambi kokuba i-resin yomile, izodonsa phansi. Ukuvimbela ukusilaphazeka ekhaya ngesikhathi esifanayo ukuvikela kobuso umkhiqizo kusukela ukusonteka, letengetiwe kumele kuthathwe. Sweat imininingwane yekhabethe kwi-mannequin noma kungenalutho bese ufaka umklamo odongeni oluvela emaphephandabeni. Ehlobo, ungenza into ngaphandle bese uyifaka emthunzini.
- Uma kudalwa ukungahambi kahle ebusweni bezobuciko, ama-smock namagagasi, kubephula umsakazo nge-hairdryer ngaphambi kokuba yome.
- Ngemuva kokumiswa, hlanza indawo nge-sandpaper futhi uphinde usebenzise i-epoxy resin.
Ngemuva omiswe ukuthi ungqimba wokugcina ingxube oluqinisayo, niyohlala kuphela ukusebenzisa opende bente into the ukuvenisha ikhabethe.