Imbiza yobumba yasendulo eyayisebenza kubantu, ukufeza iqhaza lezitsha zokupheka, ukugcina imikhiqizo nokusebenzisa ngezinhloso zezomnotho. Izitsha ezilungiselelwe ezitsheni zobumba zinokunambitheka okuhlukile, ziyehluka ku-juit nakwiphunga elinamakha, futhi futhi zigcine zonke izakhiwo ezizuzisayo zokudla.
Izinzuzo nobubi
Umlando omude wokusebenzisa ubumba njengento yokwakha izitsha, ubuchwepheshe bawo bokukhiqiza buthuthukiswa kakhulu. I-Ceramic Tableware isiye yahlala isikhathi eside futhi yathola ukubukeka kwanamuhla.
Phakathi kwezinzuzo ezingalingani ezintweni ezibonakalayo, la maqiniso alandelayo angaphawulwa:
- Izinto ezibonakalayo ezinobungane bemvelo, okokusebenza okuvuthiwe kwemvelo, okuhlobene nezitsha zasekhishini;
- ukumelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu;
- Isakhiwo esigeleza umoya esigelezayo;
- Amandla okugcina izinga lokushisa elithile isikhathi eside;
- ayishintshi izimfanelo zokunambitheka zezitsha eziphekiwe;
- Ukumelana nomswakama kanye nekhono lokumelana nemithelela yamakhemikhali.
Amabhodwe angaba nesitayela sokwakheka, kanye nohlu oluhlukahlukene lwemikhiqizo eyethulwe angakhethwa inketho eyanelisa ukunambitheka cishe kwawo wonke umuntu. Imikhiqizo yobumba ingcono kune-ceramic eqinisweni lokuthi isebenza kakhulu futhi ayivimbi ama-pores wobumba obubomvu. Imvamisa esetshenziswa empilweni yansuku zonke, ekhishini (esetshenziselwa ukupheka izitsha ngezindlela ezahlukahlukene zokupheka).
Kodwa-ke, ama-ceramics okubumba kwendabuko atholakala kwezinye izithiyo, ngenxa yalokho lokhu okuqukethwe kungaphansi kwezinye izinto zokwenziwa kwezitsha:
- ukugcwala kanye nesidingo ngokucophelela;
- Ubunzima benqubo yokunakekelwa okubangelwa isidingo sebhodwe lokuhlanza elihlanzekile ukuze kugweme ukulimala kwenhlanganisela ekhazimulisiwe;
- Izidingo ezikhethekile ezimeni ezisebenzayo: Izitsha zobumba azamukeleki ukudalula ukupholisa noma ukufudumala okukhulu, futhi akunconywa ukuthi zilungiselelwe amabhodwe emlilweni ovulekile;
- Amabhodwe angahlosiwe anamandla okuthola umswakama oqinile, okuyimibandela yamazinga okushisa ancishisiwe angavusa ukwakheka kwemifantu odongeni;
- Impahla idonswa ngephunga elingemnandi, okunzima kakhulu ukususa, ukuze izitsha zobumba zingakulungele ukugcina imikhiqizo enuke kakhulu;
- Isisindo esikhulu somkhiqizo, esibonisa kakhulu inqubo yokuhamba.
Izici Zokukhiqiza
Ukwakheka kwebhodwe, kwathuthukiswa ngababumbi amakhulu amaningi eminyaka adlule, kugcinwe kuze kube manje. Idizayini yomkhiqizo yenzelwe izitsha ezifudumele ezifanayo ezivela kuzo zonke izinhlangothi. Ukuvuswa kweminyaka yamabhodwe abumba ngodaka kwalimala ngesandla, ngaphandle kokuguqukela kusizo lwamadivayisi obuchwepheshe.
Izitsha ezinjalo zasekhishini kwakuyindlela ephelele yokupheka kuhhavini waseRussia.
Ubumba lubhekwa njengezitsha ezidlulise inqubo yokudubula okukodwa futhi anezengelungeli nezinye izithasiselo. Iphuzu lokudubula livame ukwedlula ama-degree angama-7000. Hambisa amabhodwe embuthanweni wobumba, banesakhiwo esisodwa se-matte-Photon.
Ngemuva kokuvutha, ingaphezulu lemikhiqizo limbozwe nge-glaze uma udinga ukuthola imbiza ekhazimulayo.
Incazelo yezinhlobo
Imizamo emikhulu lapho kulungiswa ukudla ebhodweni elicwebezelayo kubumba akudingeki.
Uma umkhiqizo ukhanyisiwe ngaphakathi futhi kusuka kuzo zonke izinhlangothi, akudingi ukufakwa emanzini.
Amabhodwe wokubhaka ayengamboziwe nge-icing enza ukudla kuthambile, njengoba nje elungiselela umbhangqwana owayethatha isikhathi eside kushukela wawo. Zisetshenziswa, zigcina yonke imithetho yokunakekelwa kwezitsha zobumba.
Izitsha ze-Ceramic ziyehluka ezintweni ezisetshenzisiwe zobumba, ezingafaka izithambisi zamaminerali. Futhi, umehluko ulele kubuchwepheshe bokukhiqizwa kanye nesikhathi sokudubula. Okwezimbiza zobumba, ezinefomu elilula, sebenzisa indlela yokunyathela, ekuvumela ukuthi uthole amabhodwe amahle ngezihloko ezilinganayo.
Imikhiqizo ye-Ceramic eyenziwe ngezinto ezingaphansi kwe-inorganic ezilukhuni ngaphansi kwethonya lokushisa okuphezulu nokupholisa okulandelayo.
Ngokubukeka, amabhodwe obumba ajwayele ukufana neziqukathi zobumbano.
Amabhodwe avela kuma-ceramics angaba nemibala ehlukahlukene, umhlobiso ngesimo semidwebo uvame ukusetshenziswa ebusweni babo. Banesakhiwo esinamandla ngokuqhathaniswa nemikhiqizo yobumba, nokho, besaba umehluko wokushisa obukhali.
Ngokuya lapho uya khona
Ubumba luyinto enobungane bemvelo, nemikhiqizo egcinwe ezitsheni ezinjalo ezinde igcina izakhiwo zayo zokudla okunempilo. Imbiza yobumba ilungele ukugcina imikhiqizo yobisi, i-croup, izithelo, imifino nokunye.
Imikhiqizo evulekile emathangini obumba awasongelwa ngokubonakala kwezimbungulu.
Imbiza ibhekwa njengenketho enhle yokugcina ubisi olubhakiwe, ushizi noma ushizi wekotishi. Imikhiqizo ekuyo izohlala intsha kuyo, ibe sendaweni epholile.
Ngemifino, kunamathangi obumba akhethekile lapho kunezimbobo zomoya. Kuyadingeka ukugcina imifino, ukumboza izitsha ngesembozo, inqubo enjalo izobasiza ukuba bangaqali ukubola isikhathi eside. Lesi sitsha futhi silungele amazambane, ngoba umoya uzozungezwa kuwo.
Ngoju, kungenzeka ukusebenzisa amathangi avela kubumba ophathwe. Ezitsheni ezinjalo, ubudlova obumnandi buzohlala amavithamini kanye nokunambitha izimfanelo.
Lezi zitsha zithandwa kakhulu abalimi abayisebenzisayo kwisakhiwo sabo. Engadini, amabhodwe abumba angaba umhlobiso omuhle nendawo yokuwa ngezimbali.
Ngezansi kwethangi kufanele kube yizimbobo zokudonsa amanzi, kanye nepallet enamathiselwe.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, impahla edlulayo emoyeni inomphumela omuhle ohlelweni lwezimpande. Ukuphela kokungathandeki kokusetshenziswa kwebhodwe lobumba ezimeni zasemgwaqweni ukugcwala kwalo.
Ngesimo nosayizi
Imikhiqizo yobumba iyahluka kumapharamitha anjalo. Kodwa-ke, zonke iziqukathi zinokuhlelwa kwendabuko futhi zibe nentamo emfishane. Ezinhlangothini zembiza eyindilinga ziyizibambo. Futhi unamathisele isivalo okuhloswe ngaso ukuvalwa okuwububanzi bentamo.
Futhi, ngenxa yamamodeli anjalo, izinkinga ngokugeza okulandelayo kwehhavini kuzoba ngaphansi.
Ukupheka, kungcono ukukhetha amabhodwe ngomphimbo obanzi kanye nokwakheka okuzungezile.
Ngemibala, amasampula angajwayelekile angasetshenziswa: njengonxantathu noma trapezium.
Imiqulu yomkhiqizo iyahlukahluka. Ungathola amamodeli kusuka ku-200 ml kuya ku-30 amalitha, lezo ezingaphansi kwama-700 ml zisetshenziswa njenge-beining gumbi tableware, futhi ezinkulu - zokugcina imikhiqizo kanye nokulungiswa kwezingxenye ezinkulu.
Amathiphu wokukhetha
Ngaphambi kokuthenga imbiza yobumba, kuyadingeka ukuthola inhloso yayo. Ngokusekelwe kwinhloso yokusebenzisa, ifomu elifunekayo, usayizi kanye nevolumu yomkhiqizo kukhethiwe. Kufanele ihlolwe ngokucophelela ngumkhumbi wokuba khona kokuqhekeka, ama-chip, imifantu nezinye iziphambeko.
Kuyafaneleka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ubukhulu bodonga nesisekelo kuyafana, uma kungenjalo imbiza ibhidliza imbiza lapho ifudumele.
Akubalulekile ukubheka ubuqotho bomkhiqizo wobumba obuthengiwe. Ukunquma ikhwalithi yebhodwe lokuqasha ihlolwe uhlobo lomsindo. Umsindo oshicilelwe kufanele ubonakale ukhanyisa futhi uhlanzekile.
Ama-coating ane-enamelled kufanele abe umfaniswano, ezindaweni ezingaphandle nangaphakathi - azikho izikhala nemiphumela. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokusebenza, ngoba ingaphezulu eliphelele lizokwazi ukuvikela ukuthungwa kwe-poroous kusuka ekungeneni kwezinhlayiya ezinamafutha, i-soot kanye nomswakama.
I-ceramics enezinto eziyinkimbinkimbi zokuhlobisa izodala ubunzima lapho ukugeza nokugcina kuhlanzekile. Ebukhoneni besivalo, hlola ukuthi iyasondela entanyeni.
Umthamo womkhiqizo wobumba ukhethiwe ubheka ubukhulu bezingxenye ezizolungiswa kulo. Emabhodlekeni anevolumu enkulu, ungalungisa isidlo somndeni esakhelwe abantu abaningana.
Lapho ukhetha isitsha ukuze uhlukanise emibala yegumbi, kufanelekile ukugxila kububanzi nokuphakama kwesikebhe. Ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lwesisu sezimpande, kuyadingeka ukuthi ukhethe izitsha ezifanele, khona-ke isitshalo sizokwazi ukuthuthukisa ngokujwayelekile futhi sikhule. Ngempande yomchamo kungcono ukuthatha izimbiza ezibanzi zezimpande ezinde - imikhiqizo ephezulu nencane.
Naphezu kwezindleko eziphakeme kakhulu, amabhodwe anjalo azinzile futhi anikela ekuhwamukeni komswakama owedlulele, ahlinzeke umoya oxygen.
Izitolo ziveza izinhlobo eziningi zamafomu nezixazululo zokuklama, okuthi, kanye nezakhiwo ezizuzisayo zodaka lwemvelo, zikhuthazela ukunikeza okuthandwa kakhulu kumabhodwe obumba esikhundleni se-analogues yokufakelwa.
Ukusetshenziswa nokunakekelwa
Akunconywa ukubeka amabhodwe akhuthazayo wobumba abe isithando somlilo esishaqiwe, ngoba angaqhuma, - isitsha kufanele sifudumale ngasikhathi sinye ne-oveni. Kunconyelwa amabhodwe ambozwe amabhodwe wokufaka ukuma kokhuni.
Yini engagezwa emikhiqizweni yobumba yokutshaya ubhekwa njengokuhlongozwa ngokuphikisana futhi kuncike ekuhlanganiseni. Ithangi lobumba nge-coating ephekiwe lenzelwe ukusetshenziswa kuhhavini, microwave kanye ne-oveni.
Izitsha ezikhanyisiwe kuphela zivunyelwe esitsheni sokugeza.
Kungenzeka ukufudumala ekudleni kwe-microwave kunoma yiziphi izimbiza, ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo equkethe upende ovuthayo ebusweni, okungukuthi, ama-bhidi, kanye nokupenda ngopende. Uma kwenzeka, ungazijwayeza ngemithetho yokusebenza kwe-oven microwave.
Ngokuqondene nezitsha ezinesivalo, ungasebenzisa ngokunenzuzo izeluleko ezithokozisayo - buyisela esikhundleni sayo. Futhi, ngemuva kokubhaka, isinkwa esimnandi sizophuma.
Isitsha ku-microwave noma kuhhavini asikwazi ukwenziwa ukugcwalisa ukulungela, futhi uthathe imbiza kusengaphambili - imizuzu engu-7-10 ., Ngemuva kwakho konke, izindonga ezifudumele bezilokhu zishayela ukushisa isikhathi eside, futhi ukudla uqobo kuzofinyelela esimweni esifunekayo. Ukufudumeza ngokushesha ukudla ebhodweni, ungavusa okuqukethwe ngezikhathi ezithile.
Uma udinga ukubeka imikhumbi eminingana yobumba kuhhavini ngokushesha, udinga ukulandela ukuze ungaxhumani.
Uma izindonga zebhodwe zingezelwa kude namafutha, kufanele ugcwalise isitsha ngamanzi abandayo bese wengeza inani elincane likaviniga kulo. Bese ubeka imbiza uhlobo olubandayo, kancane kancane ukulushisa. Ngemuva kwesigamu sehora, izitsha zizodinga ukususwa futhi zipholile. Okulandelayo, umkhiqizo uyagezwa futhi ukhanyise.
Ukucubungula izitsha ngaphandle koqweqwe lwawo emi ngokuqapha ngokweqile. Esezinhlelweni zokugeza, ukusetshenziswa kwendwangu yokuwasha yocingo akwamukeleki, ngoba kungalimaza ubuso. Futhi, ungakhohlwa ngempahla yamabhodwe angajabuli ukukhetha amakha, ngakho-ke akunconywa ukuba uwageze ngosizo lwama-deteges lapho kukhona amakha amakhemikhali. Kungcono ukusebenzisa insipho ngaphandle kwezinambitha.
Amakhemikhali asendlini angadonswa kuma-pores ebhodwe, bese kamuva avelele emikhiqizweni.
Ibhodwe ngemuva kokugeza kufanele lime ngokuphelele, kungenye indlela isikhunta esibundayo ingahle ivele ngaphakathi kwethangi.
Izitolo zezitolo ezivela kubumba ziyadingeka obala futhi endaweni eyomile. Ungenza ngokuphelele ngaphandle kokungeza uwoyela noma amanoni noma usebenzise inani labo elincane kakhulu.
Kunconywe imbiza yobumba obuthengiwe ukuthi itholakala esitsheni samanzi ebandayo ngehora elilodwa noma amabili, ngaleyo ndlela ingahle ilungiselelwe ukusetshenziswa kuqala. Lokhu kumele kwenziwe ukuze amanzi angene emgqeni we-porous lobumba futhi i-sudow ayizange iqhubeke.
Kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ubumba olungagcwaliswanga lubamba umunyu ophelele, ngakho-ke ebhodweni elilodwa kungcono ukulungiselela uhlobo olufanayo lwezitsha. Ukube bekusafanele ukubeka amakha ebhodweni, kufanele ubeke ngaphakathi ephepheni lesikhumba.
Uma ufuna ukuhlobisa umkhumbi wobumba futhi unikeze umklamo wokuqala ungawupenda ngopende we-acrylic, bese ujaha ungqimba owengeziwe we-varnish. Umdwebo wokudweba uncike ngokuphelele ekunambithekeni kombhali kanye nomcabango wawo.
