Ubucwebe obuhle abaphumi ngemfashini futhi bazisekele hhayi ubuhle, kodwa futhi nokumelana nokugqoka okuphezulu. Ngazo zonke izikhathi, abantu babekholelwa ukuthi ukuthengwa kwezinto ezinhle ze-alloy kuyinto ukutshalwa kwezimali okuhle kwemali yamahhala, ngoba izinsimbi eziyigugu zikhula njalo ngentengo. Ababusi baseMasters bayakwazi lokho Metal AG. Kusetshenziswa ngokwenyama ngokomzimba, ngakho-ke ama-alloys asetshenziselwa ukwenza ubucwebe, ngenxa yokuthi izinsimbi eziyigugu zithola ingxenye ethile yobulukhuni, futhi imikhiqizo yazo ithola ithuba lokugcina ifomu elibekiwe.
Ukuqamba isabelo sokungcola kwezinsimbi eziyigugu, kufakwa uhlelo lokufakazelwa ngokukhethekile. . Ngenxa yesampula esetshenziswe ngendlela yesitembu kumkhiqizo wesiliva, ungaqonda ukuthi amagremu amangaki esiliva ahlanzekile akhona ku-1 kilogram ye-alloy.
Izinga eliphakeme lesampula lisho okuqukethwe kwenani elikhulu lomshini oyigugu ekwakhiweni komkhiqizo ophelile.
Ubuhlakani
Kuyaziwa ukuthi i-alloy yesiliva yesiliva 925 iqukethe okungenani i-7.5% ye-CU ne-92,5% yensimbi yensimbi yensimbi, isb. I-Copper nesiliva. I-Copper inika amandla esiliva, ikuvumela ukuba ukhiqize imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphakeme. Kuze kube manje, ukuqulwa kwecala okungu-925 kusho ukuthi phambi kwakho yisiliva, ikhwalithi yalokho okuphezulu kunakho konke okungenzeka. I-Metal, isampula yalo yi-S925, inezici ezinjalo:
- Le alloy lesiliva ifakwa kalula ebucwebecwebe;
- I-Metal iyipulasitiki, ngenxa yalokhu, ungenza noma yiziphi izici zenqanaba lokuxaka;
- I-alloy yesiliva ingambozwa ngongqimba omncane we-gilling.
Enze i-alloy yamasampula angama-925 amasampula, i-Copper yengezwa ku-silver yesiliva, kepha ngenxa yalokho, ukubukeka komkhiqizo kulahlekelwa isikhathi sokuqhafaza futhi kungamnyama uma uhlangana namanzi. Ukwenza ngcono izakhiwo zobucwebecwebe alloy, bangezela i-zinc, iplatinamu, kanye neJalimane noma i-silicon. Izengezo ezinjalo zikuvumela ukuthi uthuthukise uhla lwemibala yemikhiqizo eqediwe kanye nezimpawu zabo. Emhlabeni wobucwebecwebe, izimpumele zesiliva 925 zingabonakala kanjena:
- isiliva esibi noma esibi;
- Izinga elijwayelekile lesiliva noma lesiliva.
Ngaphezu kwamasampula angama-925, kukhona futhi Isampula le-999 Ezinezimfanelo ezinhle kakhulu nenani eliphakeme phakathi kobucwebecwebe. Kodwa-ke, awukwazi ukuthola ekuthengisweni kwamahhala komkhiqizo kuleli nsimbi, ngoba ubuciko obubizayo buyenziwa kusuka ku-999 isiliva.
Ukwakheka nezakhiwo
Hlanza isiliva, ungabi nokungcola, ubukeka njengomthunzi okhanyayo wensimbi ocwebezelayo . Inezinkinga ezandayo, ngoba yonke indawo ingaphezulu isibuko futhi ibonisa cishe ama-95-97% we-Colour Spectrum. Ngezakhiwo zayo zesibuko, i-alloy yesiliva ayisetshenziswa hhayi kuphela kumkhakha wobucwebe, kodwa futhi nasekukhiqizweni kwezibuko.
Ngesiliva elihlanzekile, ubuningi bangu-10.4 g / cube. CM, yincane kabili kune-density yegolide, kepha ngaphansi kancane kunokubulwa kokuhola. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiliva liqinile futhi linesisindo ngaphezu kwalokho, ngokwesibonelo, i-iron noma ithusi.
Ingxenye yensimbi enjalo, njengesiliva lamasampula angama-925, ayi-108 a. Yidla.
Isiliva linezakhiwo ezithile ze-physicochemical:
- Ukusebenza okuphezulu kakhulu, kuqhathaniswa nezinye izinsimbi;
- ikhono eliphakeme lokwenza amanje kagesi;
- Iphuzu eliphansi kakhulu elincibilikisa uma liqhathaniswa nezinye izinsimbi eziyigugu - 960 ° C;
- I-Metal AG i-inert, ayingeni ekuxhumaneni kwezinye izinsimbi ngaphansi kwemibandela yemvelo yemvelo, kepha ngaphezu kwakho konke kuyakwazi ukusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kwezinye izinsimbi ezibalulekile;
- I-Metal AG iyachithwa kwi-mercury, i-nitric kanye ne-sulfuric acid, uma ifudunyezwa esimweni esishisayo, kepha hhayi incane ku-hydrochloric acid.
Ngokusebenzisana kwensimbi yesiliva nge-zinc, iplatinamu, ithusi, i-silicon, i-germany, i-alloy ithola imibala ehlukahlukene yemibala ehlukile, futhi ikhulisa ikhono le-oxidizing.
Umehluko kusuka kumasampula angama-875
Kuvame ukuvela ubucwebe obukhona Isampula 875 Ubufakazi bokuthi i-alloy iqukethe izinsimbi - 12.5% CU no-87.5% AG. Ukuqhathanisa amasampula 925 no-875, sizokubona lokho Isampula eli-875 alisho ikhwalithi ephezulu ngenxa yezinga eliphakeme lezithasiselo zethusi . Izinto ezenziwe ngesampula Alloy 825 kungenzeka ziye zakhiwe kabusha noma zotshani uhhafu, futhi zingaba mnyama lapho zithintana nendawo emanzi. Amasampula weSiliva Alloy 825, ngaphezu kwethusi, angaqukatha i-silicon, i-germanium noma iplatinamu, ethuthukisa izici zezinto ezibonakalayo nokuthi yimiphi imikhiqizo eqediwe ebukeka ngayo. Kodwa-ke, uma iplatinamu izotholakala ezintweni, izindleko zobucwebecwebe zizobe ziphakeme kakhulu kunalokho uma zenziwa kuphela ngesisekelo se-CU ne-AG Metals.
Ngenxa yentengo ephansi, Amasampula weSilver Alloy 875 afunwa kakhulu futhi asetshenziselwa ukukhiqizwa kobucwebecwebe, ubuciko obuhlobisa, izitsha zegumbi lokudlela. Ngokuqondene nabacwebeli bezimali, bayizikhulu ezibucayi zesampula yesiliva ku-alloy esezingeni eliphakeme, kanye nensimbi engu-875 - kuya kokuqukethwe okungahleliwe kwesibili. Ngakho-ke, ubucwebe obubizayo buzohlala bungenziwa nge-alloy yesiliva engu-925, futhi itafula lesiliva lizoba nesitembu ngenombolo 875 - kukho konke lokhu futhi umehluko.
Ukubuyekezwa kwezinhlobo
Ukwenza ukwakheka okuhlangene kokuqukethwe, ubucwebe babona ukuthi kuya ngezithako zalo, nokuthi insimbi ibukeka kanjani. Ngocwaningo, hhayi izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ze-alloys ezivele, kodwa nezindlela zokucubungula kwazo zokuhlobisa. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zesiliva zithandwa kakhulu.-Mnyama
Indlela yokuqhafaza yavela ezinsukwini zeRussia yasendulo Lapho imikhiqizo yesiliva ehlotshiswe ngamaphethini amnyama agcwele. Uma uhlangana ngezilinganiso ezithile, isibabule, ukuhola, ithusi nesiliva elihlanzekile, khona-ke into izoba yinto ese-Antique ebizwa ngokuthi "iselula". Umkhiqizo oqediwe wawufakwa ngaphansi kokuqoshwa kobuciko, okwathi ngemuva kwalokho kwakudingeka ukuthi ashise, ngenkathi ukwakheka kwama-blunders akuzange kuncibilike. Umphumela walo msebenzi waba ngumkhiqizo ohlanganisa ukukhanya kwesiliva nemithunzi emnyama egcwele.
Indlela enjalo yahlotshiswa ngobucwebe besiliva, izinto zasendlini, izitsha, eziqoshwe, njalonjalo. Kuhle kakhulu isidingo sesiliva esimnyama kwikhulu le-XVII. Imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngo-alloy omnyama wesiliva yayinamandla akhethekile futhi ayidingi ukuhlanzwa okungapheli.
Oxidised
Olunye uhlobo lobumnyama, okuyinto kufinyelelwe ngokuxhuma i-metal AG kanye namaminerali S. Kunzima kusuka esiliva emnyama, okumnyama okwenziwe ngo-oxidized akuphikelela kangako, njengoba ubumnyama butholwe ngokuthola ifilimu elikhethekile le-oxide, lelo lafika ngokushesha ekuhlathembeniseleni ngemuva kokuhlanza umkhiqizo. Izindleko zesiliva ezihlanganisiwe ziyefana nomnyama, kepha lapho uthenga kwakubalulekile ukuthi zingadideki omunye komunye, ngoba zinokuphikiswa okuhlukile kwenhlanganisela.
Isiliva elixegayo libonga ubuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, linganikeza amathunzi amnyama onsomi onsomi elimnyama, futhi ngesikhathi sokupholisisa umkhiqizo, izingxenye ze-convex zaba nzima futhi zikhanyisiwe, futhi amaphethini emihlabeli ephethini abe nomthunzi othile.
Umnyama oxubile uvame ukuhlotshiswa ngosayizi omncane womkhiqizo - amacici, imihlobiso yemihlobiso, imihlobiso, imihlobiso, amaketanga noma namasongo.
Ubandlumba
Kuvela ngokususa umkhiqizo we-Natural Metal Glitter, Yini emnika inkimbinkimbi futhi ukumelana nobumnyama. Finyelela umphumela onjalo Icubungula umkhiqizo emshinini wakwaSandBlasting noma isiliva esiqwini sezixazululo ezikhethekile zamakhemikhali.
-Enziwezelayo
Kuyavela ngokufaka isicelo ku-alloy yesiliva yesendlalelo esihle kunazo zonke segolide . Ukucutshungulwa okunjalo kwengeza izindleko zomkhiqizo ophelile, kuyinika izinhlobo ezicwengisiwe futhi kwandisa ukumelana kwemvelo ezinhlanganweni ze-oxidative. Hhayi ubucwebe kuphela, kodwa futhi nokusika ezigcina zibe zingene emvelweni omuncu nosawoti futhi zingalahli izinhlobo zazo zoqobo, kuyilapho umkhiqizo ovela esiliva ojwayelekile uzophendula ngoshintsho ngombala.
Ngaphezu kwezindlela ezifakwe kuhlu, isiliva ukuhlobisa i-koqweqwe lwawo noma senza ama-alloys ngensimbi ye-rhodium. Isiliva elinjalo libukeka likhethekile elikhanyayo futhi lihlukaniswe ngombala walo omhlophe oshiwo.
Ukumaka
E-Russia eguqukayo eRussia, ukucwaswa kwemikhiqizo yesiliva kwakhishwa kumadijithi amabili, nangemva kokuvuselelwa kubukeka njengenombolo enamadijithi amathathu.
- Ngemuva kwenguquko Ukuhlolwa okungu-875 Kwakhethwe, ngaphezu kwezinombolo, incwadi kanye nesibonakaliso sokuqashwa kwesimo ekungenile, kubheke uhlobo lowesifazane uKokoshnik. Ngesikhathi se-USSR, imikhiqizo yesampula kanye nokubhalwa kwezinkanyezi kwafakwa kwimikhiqizo. Manje imikhiqizo enjalo iyisidingo esiphakeme - abaqoqi bawathenga.
- Ukumaka Ukuhlolwa kwe-925 Kwakuvame ukuhambisana nesiliva elibhalwe phansi, ngoba le mota yabizwa ngokuthi isiliva elibi ngegama likahlamvu lwemali lwesiliva lwaseBritish yegama elifanayo, lapho kungenzeka khona ukuthola izinto zikanokusho ezenziwe ngesampula yesiliva 925. Lapho ilebule ileveli ephezulu yesiliva eliphakeme le-925, ungahlangabezana nokungezwa okunjalo njenge-ster, ebabazekayo. 925 Isampula isiliva, ngaphandle kwalo mbhalo nezinombolo ezinamadijithi amathathu, nazo zingafakwa ilebula nganoma yisiphi isithombe esamukelwe ezweni lapho kwenziwa khona umkhiqizo.
- Phezu kwa- Imikhiqizo Yesiliva Ehlanganisiwe Ungabona isampula engu-5925, okusho ukuthi isiliva eli-925 nesiliva negolide elivela phezulu asetshenziswa kulo mkhiqizo.
Ezitolo zobucwebecwebe, isiliva lingamakwa ngenhlamba eboniswe ngokusemthethweni amasampula omhlaba wonke - 999, 960, 925, 875, 830, 800. Amakhodi asele enamadijithi amathathu, ngokwesibonelo, 923, 926, 929, 959 awamukelwa ngokuvamile.
Isicelo
I-Sterling Silver Silver Alloy 925 isetshenziselwa ukwenziwa ubucwebe nobucwebecwebe, obukhona ebuhleni babo abangaphansi kwamamodeli wegolide. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isiliva Yenza izithombe, izinto zasendlini, ama-cutlery, izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokufakelwa nezinto zokubhala. Imikhiqizo yesiliva ngaso sonke isikhathi yayifuna futhi yayibhekwa njengesipho esihle kakhulu.
Izindleko ngegramu ngayinye
Ukunqunywa kwezindleko kwe-1 g yesiliva kwenziwa ngokulandelayo:
- Sifunda izindleko ze-1 g yesiliva, ngokusho kweCentral Bank of the Russian Federation ngosuku esiludingayo;
- Isampula inquma izinga lokuqukethwe kwesiliva kumkhiqizo.
Isibonelo, sichaza izindleko ze-1 g yamasampula wesiliva angama-925 we-01/32/20120: 36.71/1000x925 = 52.44 Rubles. / G. Ihlala kuphela ekuphindaphindeka isisindo somkhiqizo ukuthola inani layo lemakethe.
Amathiphu Wokunakekelwa
Ngakho-ke le mikhiqizo yesiliva yabukeka iyinhle, ngemuva kwabo Udinga ukukwazi ukunakekela ikhaya. Ukunakekelwa ukuthi umkhiqizo uvame ukugeza Kusetshenziswa izingoma ezithile nama-napkins - Ungawathenga kunoma iyiphi i-salon yobucwebecwebe.
Umkhiqizo wesiliva ubekwe ekwakhiweni kokuhlanza, ubambe isikhathi esithile, ugeze ngamanzi futhi womile ngama-napkin apholizayo. Ngale ndlela, imikhiqizo yesiliva igcwele, engenawo i-inlair. Ngaphezu kokuhlanza, izixazululo zinikezwa ngaphezulu kwefilimu elincanyana le-alloy elivikela insimbi ekuphendukeni oxidative.
Kunezinye izindlela zokuhlanza ubucwebe besiliva:
- Utshwala base-Amoni buhlanjululwe ngamanzi ngesilinganiso 1: 10 kanti umkhiqizo ugezwa kusisombululo noma usule nge-napkin ekhishwe kulolu hlobo;
- Ukungcoliswa okuqinile kuhlanzekile nge-tow powder noma unamathisele ngebhulashi nge-bristle ethambile;
- I-soda ichithwa emanzini ngokwesilinganiso 2: 10, isixazululo esibingezayo siyagezwa ngomkhiqizo;
- Isixazululo sensipho (20 g yensipho ngo-1000 ml wamanzi) futhi sihlanza izinto zesiliva kahle.
Ukunakekelwa kwesiliva kwenziwa ngokucophelela futhi kubhekwa ngezixazululo ezihlanganisiwe zama-acid, lapho isiliva lingamnyama, lizifake ekuphenduleni.
Ukwenza umsebenzi wasekhaya, ekhaya noma engadini, imikhiqizo eyenziwe nge-alloy yesiliva kangcono ngalesi sikhathi ukususa, njengoba ingaphezulu kwayo izokuthola ngokulahleka kokukhanya - okuzoholela ekulahlekelweni ukukhanya -
Mayelana nencazelo yesampula ekuhlobiseni, bheka ividiyo elandelayo.