Umelusi waseJalimane ubhekisa ezinhlobonhlobo ezinkulu zezinja zenkonzo. Sikala imvamisa ngaphezu kwama-25 kg, okuyisisindo esiningi sokukhula kwawo okuphakathi. Ubukhulu bomuntu omdala buxhomekeke ezigabeni zokuthuthuka kwayo ebuntwaneni. Ushintsho ekuphakameni okuphezulu kubuna, isisindo, ubude bezingalo kanye ne-torso kuholela ekwakhekeni kwangaphandle kwenja kuphelele.
Yini incike ekuthuthukisweni komdlwane?
Ukwakheka kohlobo lohlelo lwezinzwa kanye nokudalwa ngokomzimba kwe-Puppy kuncike ezicini eziningi.
Ubuqili bubaluleke kakhulu. Lapho isikhulelwa, ngokulinganayo kusuka kubazali bobabili, kuyaphasiswa:
- isisindo;
- ukuphakama;
- Imemori;
- ukunambitheka okuza kuqala;
- Ukufunda;
- umoya wokufudumala.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwesibeletho esibelethweni kuthonywa:
- Ukukhetha okuseqophelweni eliphezulu kwe-cobble ngokukhathazeka;
- Ukunakekelwa kanye nokugcinwa kokushiswa okukhulelwe.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-puppy kuqala emavikini ama-4-8 kusukela ngosuku lokuzalwa Ngenkathi umama ehlala esondla ubisi lwayo lwengane. Ngalesi sikhathi, umfuyi unesibopho ngokuphelele.
Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukubhubhisa izingane kuMama kusenesikhathi, ngaphandle kwalokho ngeke zithole inani elifanele lamasosha omzimba ebisini lesifuba. Futhi ngeke kuthinte impilo yabo yesikhathi esizayo futhi, ngokufanele, isimo somzimba.
Ngemuva kwezinyanga eyodwa nengxenye kusukela ekuzalweni, izilwane ezifuywayo ezincane azidingi kokuphakelayo okuhle kuphela, kodwa futhi nasezinhlekeleleni ezenele. Lesi yisikhathi somnikazi omusha kanye nendawo yokuhlala esitokisini sesilwane. Akulifa ifa lomlingiswa wayo, kwakhiwa imvelo kanye nomphakathi. Manje umnikazi kufanele aqinisekise izimo ezifanele zokuboshwa:
- ukugoma kanye nokuhlolwa njalo kodokotela bezilwane;
- Ukudla okugcwele;
- imfundo enekhono;
- Zivocavoce;
- Inani elikhulu ukunakwa.
Ukuxhumana okunganele nelungu lomndeni elisha kuzoholela ebuthungo obukhulu ngisho nokwesaba emuva kwesiJalimane, engqondweni nasengokomzimba kuzolandelwa. Izinja ezinjalo zingaphansi kokukhethwa kwalolu zohlobo.
Bangasiza ngokwelashwa okungaguquki kanye ne-dressura, kepha banezici eziphelele zomalusi ophayona, izinja ezinjalo ngeke zisaba khona.
Isikhathi esiphelele sokuvuthwa ngokomzimba kanye nokwakheka kuphela ngonyaka. Kepha kukhona futhi isici sokuthuthuka komuntu ngamunye, esingagcina iminyaka emi-2, nakwabanye kanye no-2,5-3. Lokhu kusho ukwakheka kwengqondo kukaMalusi.
Ngenxa yalokhu, lezi zinto ezilandelayo zithinta ukukhula, isisindo kanye namanye amapharamitha omalusi wengane.
- Ufuzo . Ezinjeni zemigqa ehlukene, inzalo yosayizi abahlukahlukene iyazalwa. Futhi kusuka kubazali kuncike ijubane lokuzuza kwabantu abadala kanye nesisindo.
- Ukuthuthukiswa komthombo. Uma ukugcinwa nokudla kukamama kugcwele, inzalo yayo izokwamukela wonke amavithamini kanye namaminerali adingekayo ekuthuthukisweni okulungile. Futhi ngesikhathi sokuzalwa, imidlwane izoba nokukhula nesisindo esidingekayo, kanye nemininingwane enhle ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo.
- Isikhathi se-somquant. Uma, ngesikhathi sokondliwa kwezingane okusebenzayo, umama wakhe waphatheka ngonya, futhi abelusi abasebancane baqala ukubhalisa ngesikhathi, bezolingana namapharamitha okujwayelekile ngokwesimo sabo kanye nobude besikhathi sokuguqukela ekhaya elisha.
- Izinga lokudla lidlala indima yokugcina. Amandla kufanele agcwale futhi afanelekile eminyakeni yenja. Ngaphandle kwalokho, isilwane siyohlala sithinta inani elifunekayo lamaminerali kanye nezinto ezilandelwayo ezidingekayo kuye ukuze zikhule nokukhula okuhle.
- Okuqukethwe. Abelusi baseJalimane, njengezinja zezinye izinhlobo, abanakugcinwa emaketangeni noma emanzini. Kuyadingeka ukuwakhiqiza ukuze uhambe ngezinyawo, ubanake, ukuxhumana nokuziphatha nsuku zonke. Ngaphandle kwalokho, ngeke babe nethuba lokuthuthuka ngokomzimba, futhi i-psyche izoba buthakathaka, okuzothinta isimo esijwayelekile sesilwane.
- Izifo. Ukuba khona kwezifo ezithathelanayo ebuntwaneni, kanye nokuba khona kwama-parasites, kungathinta kakhulu ukukhula. Ngakho-ke, udinga ukuvakashela ngezikhathi ezithile udokotela wezilwane, wenze imigomo ngesikhathi bese ulandela impilo yesilwane. Futhi ucindezele futhi oxhumana nabo neziguli ezinezilwane.
Amathiphu Kubanikazi bezinja zalolu hlobo lokuzalela ukuthuthukiswa okufanele kwe-puppy:
- I-PSA kufanele ibe nezitsha ezimbili: ngokudla namanzi;
- Mhlawumbe ubukhona bomnikazi lapho bondla;
- Kuyadingeka ukuxhumana nesilwane esifuywayo, kufanele azwe umholi, kuyadingeka ukusiza ngokubambisana nabanye abantu nezilwane;
- Kuyadingeka ukubona amapharamitha womzimba wesilwane esifuywayo futhi alungise ukubukeka kokuphambuka;
- Akunakwenzeka ukuhumusha umhlaba ozungezile, izinto, izindawo zokuthola amakhono - kuyasiza ukuthuthukiswa kokubekezela nokuphikiswa kwengcindezi;
- Inqubo yokukhuliswa nokugqoka okuvela eminyakeni yobudala yezinsana kufanele kuqalwe.
Ubukhulu obujwayelekile
Amapharamitha asemqoka avunyelwe yiNyunyana yabathandi babelusi baseJalimane e-Augsburg (lo mphakathi uthathwa njengomsunguli wohlobo lwayo):
- isilinganiso sokukhula kwezilwane;
- ukuthuthukiswa okuhle kwe-musculoture;
- Ukuphakama kubuna;
- Umbala wempumulo ekhaleni (kufanele ube mnyama);
- Uhlobo lwezindlebe (ukuma).
Ubude bomzimba (ngaphandle komsila) kufanele bube bukhulu kunokuphakama kubuna ngo-10-17%. Futhi ukujikeleza kwesifuba kuzoba mkhulu kunobude bomzimba ngo-5-7 cm.
Izikhangiso ezijwayelekile:
- Isisindo aneminyaka engu-10-12 izinyanga - 31-34 kg;
- Ukunamathisela ukubamba - 12 cm;
- Ukuphakama esihlahleni sabesilisa kubuna - 60-65 cm, Owesifazane - 55-62 cm;
- Umbuthano webele - 74-75 cm;
- Ubude bekhanda - 25 cm;
- Girth of the head - 29 cm.
Ukukhula kwenja enonyaka owodwa akufanele kube ngaphezulu kuka-63 cm, futhi isisindo kufanele sidlule ku-30 kg - lokhu kuyindinganiso.
Ukuphambuka kusuka kokujwayelekile ngama-2-3 kg kanti u-2-3 cm ukhuluma nge- "looseness" kaMalusi nokubuza ebumsulwa bokuhlanzeka kohlobo.
Ngokuvamile, umalusi waseJalimane kufanele abe namandla futhi abe nemisipha, enomzimba oqinile.
Emfundweni yesiJalimane akufanele kube ngamaphutha, njengoba kuhlasela ngokushesha nokuhlaselwa okwengeziwe (okuqondisiwe), okubuye kwasebenza nezinzuzo zakhe. Kepha ngaphandle kokuqeqeshwa okufanele, lokhu kungaholela emiphumeleni edabukisayo.
Futhi, izici zalolu hlobo zibandakanya ukulingana, amandla kanye nobunzima.
Ukuze inja esesikhathini esizayo ikhombise ngokuphelele zonke izinzuzo zayo, kudingeka uyinakekele ngokucophelela, wazi zonke izigaba zokuthuthuka kwayo bese ulandela impilo yakhe.
Amapharamitha izinyanga
Ekuzalweni, umdlwane kufanele unesisindo: Abafana - 500 g, amantombazane - 350 g. Ngenyanga yamawundlu, abelusi bazokhula babe ngamasentimitha angama-20 ngokwesilinganiso futhi bazothola isisindo Izikhathi ezi-5-6 zinamafutha ngokuzalwa. Lesi isikhathi esisebenza kakhulu sokukhula.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwalezi zinja kwenzeka ngokungalingani. Ukusuka ekuzalweni kuya kwezinyanga ezintathu ubudala kungumdlwane omncane omncane, umjikelezo no-clumsy. Futhi ezinyangeni eziyisikhombisa ubukeka njengenja evuthiwe ngokuphelele. Kepha ukwakheka ngokuphelele ngokomzimba nangokwengqondo kusekude kakhulu.
Ngezansi kwethebula lokuncika kokukhula nesisindo sabelusi baseJalimane ngezinyanga. Ukuphambuka okujwayelekile kubhekwa njenge-150-200 g ekukhuleni okuphakathi kanye namapharamitha wesisindo. Kuya ngenani lemidlwane edoti, kusuka ku-helity nakwimibandela lapho umama kanye nenzalo equkethwe khona.
Isisindo sabantu besilisa, kg | Isisindo sabantu besifazane, kg | Ubude Ebunanini, niyabo | Umbuthano webele, cm | Izinyanga |
3.5-4,2 | 3-3,3 | 19-21 | 28-31 | 1 |
8.5-9 | 7.5-8 | 32-38. | 46-49 | 2. |
14-14,2 | 12-12.3 | 40-48. | 56-59 | 3. |
19-20. | 16-16.4 | 47-56 | 60-64 | 4 |
22-23 | 20-21.8 | 51-58 | 65-70 | Okuthengwa eshumi no-5 |
24-26. | 22,5-23 | 52-60 | I-68-72 | 6. |
24-26. | 23-26.8. | 53-61 | 72-74 | 7-9 |
28-32. | 27-27.6 | 54-62 | 72-75 | ishumi |
33-34 | 28-29. | 54-62 | 75-76 | ishumi nanye |
33-34.5 | 30-32. | 55-63 | 75-76 | Okuqophele imali |
Eminyakeni emibili, isisindo se-sheperdy-ntombazane singafinyelela kuma-33.5 kg, futhi umfana uneminyaka engama-40 kg.
Ukukhula okusheshayo kwezinja zalolu hlobo zivela ezinyangeni ezi-4-6. Izingane ezinkulu zincane ngemuva, kepha ezinyangeni ezi-2-3 zonke amawundlu alo udoti zivame ukuqhathaniswa.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-puppy izinyanga kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezi-4.
- Izinyanga ezimbili - izinyanga ezine. Kukhona iqoqo lesisindo semisipha. Amathambo ngokwawo akhiwa izinsuku ezingama-28, kepha izinyanga ezimbili asebuthaka kakhulu. Ukuqina kwabo kwenzeka ezinyangeni ezine.
- Izinyanga ezine - eziyisithupha. Ukukhula kwemisipha kuyaqhubeka nokuqiniswa kwamathambo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nosanda kuzalwa, isilwane sikhula izikhathi eziyisikhombisa. Kulesi sigaba akunakwenzeka ukuwuphonsa, ngentuthuko esheshayo, lokhu kungaholela ezifweni nasemiphumeleni engaphenduki.
- Izinyanga eziyisithupha - eziyisishiyagalombili nakuminyaka eyodwa nesigamu. Kukhona ukuqiniswa kokugcina kwamathambo. Inzuzo yesisindo ngenxa yokwanda kwesisindo semisipha. Ukukhula kumisiwe.
Kusuka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha kuya kweziyishumi, kuvela izinja umanyolo. Zehliswa ngama-testicles esikhwameni sangaphambi kokunakekelwa. Ukwanda kokuphakama kuyaqhubeka kuphela kubantu besilisa ngenxa yokukhula kwamathambo afulethi. Amathambo we-tubular asevele akhiwe ezinjeni zawo womabili ubulili. Emantombazaneni, ukuphakama kubuna kucishe kume, kepha ukwakheka kwezitho zokuzala kuyaqhubeka. Yize ukubonakala kokugeleza kokuqala kuMelusi kungenzeka sekwenzeke ezinyangeni eziyisithupha.
Ngonyaka, isilwane sikwazi ngokuphelele ukuba nenzalo. Kepha ochwepheshe batusa ukugcina okuthandayo kusukela ekuqaleni kokufika ekuqaleni, ngoba ngemuva kokuphela akukho ukuphela kokukhula kokukhula, Kepha futhi uyeke ukwakha idatha yangaphandle, ezoveza amawundlu.
- Iminyaka yobudala ebhekene kakhulu yiminyaka eyodwa noma emibili. Ushintsho lokugcina oluvela ehhotela luya ePhosi Elincane. Kulesi sigaba kukhona ukwakheka okuphelele kohlelo lwezinzwa oluphakathi. Ngalesi sikhathi, izingxabano zingenzeka phakathi kwesilwane kanye nomnikazi.
- Kodwa yebo Inja eneminyaka emibili ubudala Akukabhekwa njengokudalwa kwabantu ngokuphelele.
- Kusukela azalwa kuya eminyakeni emithathu Isisindo sandisa izikhathi ezingama-90.
- Ngobudala, inja ayilahli ukudlalela. Lesi yinkomba yempilo yakhe. Ngisho nenja endala izojabula ukudlala nomnikazi.
Amarekhodi ezinja
Phakathi kwalokhu kuzalwa kwakungamaqhawe ambalwa. Amagama abo awaziwa, kepha siyazi ukuthi balwalwela kakhulu ezimpini zezwe zombili ohlangothini lwe-soviet yebutho kanye namaJalimane.
Idatha yomalusi isenkingeni yokuqina kwamarekhodi. Isibonelo, uDeno Leo, ngokungathathi hlangothi ama-intracontractors angaphezu kwamakhulu amathathu wezidakamizwa.
Ingxenye enkulu yalokhu kuzala Kwi-nursery ebukekayo ibhere. Ukukhula kwayo kungu-65 cm, inani elikhulu labelusi baseJalimane, futhi isisindo singamakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-40. Uyinja yenkonzo. Inohlobo lokuziphatha olulinganiselayo, olushukumisayo futhi inekhono elihlukile ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zokuqeqeshwa.
Lokhu kuphumelela kwenja kungenxa yokuba khona komnikazi oyedwa othembela, futhi uyamkhathalela ngendlela efanele. Futhi, uMelusi uphatha kahle izingane. Unwetshiwe ngokuphelele. Kungabhekana kahle nokuvalelwa kwezigebengu. Futhi ube ngumhlahlandlela wezimpumputhe.
Umelusi waseJalimane ngokukhuliswa okufanele yinja enhle kakhulu enobuntu engaba nezingane nezinye izilwane endlini. Kodwa-ke, udinga ukwenza umzamo omkhulu ukuze uzuze isilwane sakho ukuze usindise futhi ube nezinkinga ngokuzayo.
Futhi, abantu baleli hlobo babhekwa njengezinja ezisebenzayo ezisebenzayo.
Uma ekubalulekeni, lapho ukhetha yile mfanelo, kungcono ukuthenga umalusi e-nursery ekhethekile egxile kulokhu kwekhono lamaJalimane.
Amaqiniso atholakalayo ngoMelusi waseJalimane abona ngezansi.