UMalusi uluhlobo lwezinja ezithandwa kakhulu futhi ezihlukile. Zonke izinhlobo zalo zihlanganisa izimfanelo ezivamile nezingashintshi: ukwethembeka, ukuthembeka kumnikazi, imvelo enhle nokufunda. Noma ngabe ukhetha noma yini oyikhethayo, uzothola umngani onokwethenjelwa, umvikeli kanye nomngane we-10-16 olandelayo, futhi mhlawumbe ngaphezulu. Zonke izinhlobo zezinhlobo zalolu hlobo lokuzalela zishiya izimpande esikhathini esidlule. Okhokho baka-Sheepdog babeyizinja ezasiza abelusi ukuthi baqhube imihlambi yemfuyo. Lezi yizilwane ezithanda inkululeko, kepha ukunamathiselwa kwazo kumniniyo kuyamangaza.
Lapho kuvela inja endlini - nakanjani yisizathu senjabulo. Izinkinga zokunakekelwa kwezimbungulu ezimnandi, imidlalo ejabule namandla okuvela kwinja zinikeza umnikazi imizwa emihle. Futhi imicabango yokuthi isikhathi sokuphila somalusi kangaka sincane kakhulu kuneyethu, musa ukuya.
Izinhlobonhlobo Zenhlobo
Abelusi behluka komunye nomunye hhayi ngokubukeka nje, ukukhula, isisindo kanye nomthunzi woboya, Kepha futhi ube nesikhathi sokuphila esihlukile.
- IsiJalimane. Izwe lakubo liseJalimane, kepha kuvamile emhlabeni wonke. Abamele kulokhu kuzalela bakhulu impela - amasentimitha angama-60 kubuna futhi enesisindo esifinyelela ku-50 kg. Umbala wombala ungaba mnyama futhi ubomvu, mhlophe, mnyama. Iphila iminyaka engaba ngu-13.
- European European. Ukufuya kwensizakalo okwenziwe e-USSR. Inja ezolile neqinile, ukukhula kwayo - kusuka ku-62 kuye ku-75 cm, futhi isisindo singama-30-50 kg. Umbala woboya uhlukahluka, ufana nomelusi waseJalimane. I-Life Term - iminyaka eyi-12-14.
- I-caucasian. Uhlobo olukhulu lwezinja ezithathwe ezintabeni zeCaucasus. Isisindo sazo sifinyelela ku-100 kg ngokunyuka okungama-80 cm. Umbala woboya ohluke kakhulu: ukhilimu, omhlophe, obumpunga, nsundu. Isikhathi sokuphila iminyaka eyi-11.
- Central Asia. Lo malusi ufana nohlobo lwezinja ezindala zabantu abazimele base-Asia. Ngobukhulu, mncane kancane, futhi umbala awuhlukile kakhulu ezihlotsheni zawo zeCaucasian. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle nezimo ezinhle zingaphila iminyaka eyi-15.
- IScottish. Inja, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi uCollie, inesisindo esingama-25 kg futhi ingama-60 cm. Umelusi waseScotland uyakwazi ukuphila iminyaka eyi-17.
- IsiGrikhi. Ukwalusa ubuhlanga ezivela ezintabeni zaseGrisi. Inja eqinile neyimisipha. Isisindo saso singafinyelela kuma-50 kg, futhi ukukhula kungaphezu kwama-50 cm. Ijazi limhlophe, limnyama futhi limpunga isithunzi. Isilinganiso sokuphila okujwayelekile sineminyaka eyi-12-14 ubudala.
- Swiss. Ukuzalela okuhle kakhulu. Inja yosayizi abancane: Ukuba nokuphakama kwama-60 cm, kunesisindo esingama-30 kg. Isici esihlukile salomalusi siwumbala omhlophe woboya. Uhlala kusukela eminyakeni eyi-10 kuye kwayi-12.
- Catalan. Izwe lakubo liyizintaba zasePyrenera. Lababelusi bazimele futhi bazimele, njenge-Real SpaNiards. Unohlobo lokubukeka, futhi uvolo wazo omude futhi obuminyekile wokukhanya okukhanyayo kudinga ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela. Ubukhulu bezinja bungaphansi kwesilinganiso: isisindo somuntu odala singama-18 kg, futhi ukukhula kungama-40 cm. Ungaphila iminyaka eyi-11-14.
Isikhathi sokuphila sabelusi emgwaqweni
Zonke izinhlobo zezikhumba zezimvu ziyizilwane ezithanda inkululeko ezidinga ukuzikhandla okungokwenyama unomphela. Bamane badinga ukuhamba isikhathi eside nsuku zonke. Lokhu nakanjani izinja ezinhle nezithembekile. Kepha, okokuqala, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi laba baqaphi abathembekile abangavikela umnikazi nensimu yaso. Futhi impilo yesilwane ihlobene ngqo nendawo yokuhlala eyenziwe ngumnikazi.
Abelusi banoboya obukhulu nge-undercoat eminyene, ngakho-ke ngokunethezeka uzizwe ngaphandle nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka. Kepha lesi akusona isizathu sokushiya inja ukuba ilale khona ngqo eqhweni. Ukuze isilwane saphila impilo ende ephelele futhi samjabulisa umnikazi wakhe, kudingeka unakekele indawo yakhe yokuhlala.
Ngaphansi kwezimo zomgwaqo, abelusi bahlala okungenani iminyaka eyi-12.
Futhi ngokunakekelwa okunakekelayo, ukungabikho kwezifo ifa kanye nokuhambisana nayo yonke imithetho yemfundo, impilo yesilwane esifuywayo izogcina.
Ukuhlelwa kwenja yezindlu
Isixazululo esifanele sizoba yi-aviary ebiyelwe nge-booth eqinile yokhuni. Igumbi lokubiyelwa kufanele likhethwe ukuze inja ithole indawo enelanga ngesimo sezulu esibandayo, nasekushiseni - ukucasha emthunzini. KwaseJalimane, empumalanga ye-European nezinye izinhlobo ezincane, ama-desperress wezimvu azokwanela indawo ebiyelwe amamitha-skwele ayi-10. Abamele uM. Abamele izinhlobo ezinkulu - iCaucasian neCentral Asia, bazodinga isikhala esithe xaxa - kuze kufike kumamitha-skwele angama-20. m.
Amabhodi amadokodo kufanele asebenze kahle, ukuze inja ilimaze ngephutha. Usayizi wokuhlala kwenja kufanele uhambisane nobukhulu be-PSA. Idokodo lithathwa njengeligugu lapho inja ingena ngaphandle kobunzima, izehlakalo futhi ithatha isikhundla esikahle. Isikhala esithe xaxa singaholela ekutholeni ukugcwala kwesilwane.
Ngaphezulu kwedokodo, endaweni ephakeme ngamamitha amathathu, ungakha i-canopy. Ehlobo, uzokuvikela elanga eliqondile, nasemvuleni noma eqhweni leqhwa kuzohlala kufudumele futhi komile.
Okuqukethwe Izici Ongaphandle
I-Booth kanye ne-Aviary kumele ihlanzwe njalo futhi ibulawe amagciwane. Kuhle kakhulu, uma umalusi ejwayele ukuvikela isidingo ngaphesheya. Inja ehlala emgwaqweni, udinga ukuhlola nsuku zonke ukuze ubukhona bokuluma kwezinambuzane, imikhaza, i-bypass kanye nokulimala okuncane.
Ngama-claw ajwayelekile wokuhamba, abelusi bangena ngokuzimela futhi abadali ukungaphatheki kahle kwesilwane. Uma ukuzikhandla komzimba akwanele, kuvusa ukukhula kwawo ngokweqile, okungaholela ekulimaleni kwe-paw. Kulokhu, kuyadingeka ukugxila ezihlathini ngezingcingo ezikhethekile zezilwane.
Inja ehlala emigqeni ye-aviary entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Umsebenzi womnikazi ukwenza futhi uhlanze i-molt ngesikhathi, ungavumeli ukwakheka kwezigaxa zoboya. Ungageza isilwane esingcolile, kepha zama ukukwenza kaningi, futhi kuphela ngesizini efudumele. I-Animal undercoat idala ungqimba womoya ogcina izinga lokushisa lomzimba elifanele, kulokhu kubanda nasemshinini.
Uhlala eminyakeni emingaki ekhaya?
Uma kungenzeki ukugcina inja emgwaqweni, akuyona inkathazo. Ummeleli wanoma yiluphi uhlobo lohlobo lokufuya izivunguvungu zezimvu ungazivumelanisa nokuphila efulethini. Indawo yokuhlala yezilwane ngeke imvimbele ekufakeni umlando wokuphila isikhathi eside - iminyaka engu-15 noma engu-16.
Lapho uhlela ukuthengwa kwe-puppy, kufanele kukhunjulwe engqondweni yokuthi kudingeka isikhala esithile somuntu siqu. Ukuhamba kwansuku zonke emgwaqweni kunoma yisiphi isimo sezulu, kabili ngosuku nesikhathi okungenani sehora akufanele ukwethuse. Kuyadingeka ukulungele iqiniso lokuthi ngoboya ngesikhathi sokuncibilika kuzodinga ukususwa kaningana ngosuku kuwo wonke amakhona efulethini.
Uma ukulandelwa kwalezi zimo akuyona inkinga, futhi usukulungele ngisho naku- "izisulu" ezinkulu, khona-ke ungaya kwilungu lomndeni elisha.
Ukuthola efulethini, umdlwane ongumalusi kufanele adlulise isikhathi sokuvumelana nezimo: ukutadisha zonke izinto ezintsha, ukujwayelana namalungu omndeni. Ngokuphepha kwayo, kuyadingeka ukukhawulela ukufinyelela kwezintambo, izicathulo, okokugqoka, amathoyizi wezingane.
Indawo ehlala njalo yokulala nokuphumula umalusi kufanele kube kude namadivayisi okushisa kanye nokusalungiswa. Lezi zinto zingaba nomthelela omubi empilweni yesilwane, futhi, ngenxa yalokho, ngesikhathi sempilo yakhe.
Uma udinga ukuhlukanisa inja kusuka eduzane nobukhulu befulethi isikhashana, ungathenga i-aviary ekhethekile yegumbi.
Yiziphi izinto ezithinta ubude bokuba khona?
Ngokuphila kukaMalusi, izimo eziningi zithinta. Ngayinye yalezi zinto ingafushanisa iminyaka yobudala besilwane. Ukuze inja ehlobene nezinhlobo zezindlela zezimvu zohlobo lwezimvu, iphile isikhathi esiphezulu, udinga ukunaka ngokukhethekile:
- impilo kanye nokuthuthuka ngokomzimba;
- Ikhwalithi yokudla;
- izindawo zokuhlala;
- Ubuqili;
- Isimo sengqondo senja.
Ubude bempilo yomalusi bungancika phansi kwalo. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi abantu bomndeni wesifazane bahlala ngokwesilinganiso iminyaka emi-2 kunabesilisa. Usayizi wezilwane futhi udlala indima ebalulekile.
Izinja ezinkulu zesisindo sazo zifika ku-100 kg, azihlali isikhathi eside, ngenxa yokugqoka kwangaphambili kohlelo lwamathambo.
Ukudla okufanelekile nokunengqondo kwesilwane esifuywayo kunomthelela omuhle ngesikhathi sokuphila. Qiniseka ukuthi ushintsha ukudla okulomile noketshezi futhi ungashisi inja ngenyama. Ukuze alondoloze umsebenzi osebenzayo, ingxenye yeprotheni yokudla kufanele ibe ngu-70% wokuphakelwa komalusi.
Ukuphambuka kokuzalwa nezifo ezingathinta impilo yonke:
- Ukukhula okuncane kakhulu kanye nokungezwani komzimba;
- deformation of the amathambo e-skull (isikhathi eside noma esifushane, ibutho elincane);
- Ukwephulwa komsebenzi wezocansi, i-cryptorchism;
- Uboya obuhloliwe noma u-Iris Eye Pigmentation.
Kodwa-ke, kwenzeka ukuthi ekufeni ngaphambi kwesikhathi kwesilwane kungumnikazi. Ngenxa yokungazi kwayo noma ukungazi lutho, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ngamabomu, umnikazi angabeka engcupheni impilo nempilo yenja. Ukulondolozwa komalusi egumbini eliseduze, egumbini elishisayo, ukuntuleka kwemithwalo yomzimba nangokwengqondo, ukunyakaza okuvame ukuzala kwezinjongo zentengiso kushiya umkhondo wawo ongemuhle.
Unganwebisa kanjani impilo ngesilwane?
Isikhathi eside futhi esezingeni eliphakeme, umalusi adingeka kangako. Ukugcina ukwakheka kwenja okungokomzimba kuzoba yisihluthulelo sempilo yakhe, ngakho-ke isikhathi eside. Ukuhlala isilwane esishukumisayo nesithokozisayo kuzosiza umdlalo futhi uhambe ngaphandle kwedolobha, endaweni yasepaki noma ezindaweni ezikhethekile zokuqeqesha.
Ukudla okulinganiselayo nokuwusizo - enye into ezothuthukisa impilo yomalusi . Ukudlula ngokweqile kuyinombolo yokuqala. Ngokubukeka kwayo, cishe wonke umzimba uyahlupheka: amalunga, umgogodla, uhlelo lwenhliziyo. Lapho ufinyelela inja yobudala obuvuthiwe, imenyu yayo ibuyekezwa futhi ilungiswe.
Ukuhlanganisa okujwayelekile nokugeza kwesilwane akuzona nje kuphela izinto ezidingekayo zokuhlanzeka. Ngesikhathi sokuziphatha kwabo, isilwane sihlolelwa ukuba khona kwamanxeba noma ama-tumors.
Ukutholwa kwabo kokuqala kuvumela okuphumelela kakhulu ukubhekana nabo.
Ukuya emtholampilo wezilwane ukuze kuhlolwe ngokuphelele futhi ukuqondiswa kwenja okuhleliwe kufanele kube njalo ngonyaka noma ezimpawu zokuqala zalesi sifo. Izimpawu ezinjalo zikhala okomile, zimnyama noma zome ulwelwesi olumile lwe-mucous.
Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi inzalo yenja ingangenisa impilo yakhe iminyaka eminingana. Uma kungekho okuhehayo kwezocansi, isilwane sinamathuba amancane okuthuthuka kwe-oncology yangasese. Ukuhlinzwa kwenziwa ngabantu abafinyelele eminyakeni engu-5 ubudala, futhi kuphela ngochwepheshe.
Umalusi uphile impilo ende futhi ejabulisayo, ukucela umnikazi, kufanele uyithande ngokweqiniso inja yakho. Kuyazizwa kahle. Futhi ukugcwaliseka kwayo yonke imithetho yokunakekelwa nokuqukethwe kuzoba yisiqinisekiso sempilo enhle yezilwane.
Mayelana nokuthi ungawunakekela kanjani umalusi waseJalimane, ungathola ngokubheka ividiyo engezansi.