I-aquarium eyayingenamifino engenazimila lapho inezimila ezibukeka ziyisidina futhi zingaphelele. Abamele izimbali bazosiza ukulungisa lesi simo. Kuze kube manje, kunenqwaba yezinhlobo zezitshalo zezitshalo zemvelo yokufakelwa, ezibonakala ngokuzithoba nokukhuthazela okwedlulele.
Izinzuzo nobubi
Uma nje kukhethwa ukuthi izitshalo noma i-algae ekhula ngokushesha zikhethwe kahle, i-aquarium idala umbono wezwe elingaphansi kwamanzi, elikwazi ukwehlisa umoya, futhi libuye libekele imizwa emihle. IFlora isiza ukugcina ibhalansi yamanzi ngaphakathi kwemvelo yemvelo yokufakelwa futhi yenza izimo zayo zisondele kakhulu kunemvelo.
Ngaphezu kweqiniso lokuthi imifino emincane inikela ngempilo ejwayelekile yabahlali be-reservoir, inezinzuzo ezilandelayo:
- Ikhetha umoya-mpilo, futhi futhi ihlinzeka ngemvelo yokuhlunga;
- Inomthelela ekuchitheni kwemikhiqizo yezidalwa eziphilayo, kanye nokuhlanjululwa kwamanzi;
- Amahlamvu abo amunca izinto zamaminerali ezihlinzeka ngamanzi acwebile;
- isebenza njengokudla kwezinhlanzi, inqobo nje uma azanele lokho umuntu akunikezayo;
- Izimila e-aquarium yindawo yokubeka amaqanda, kanye nenketho yokukhosela yezinhlanzi.
Okubi kwezitshalo zasemanzini ezingadingi ukunakekelwa okukhethekile, akukho lutho. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe lokho Njengabanye abamele amaFlora, badinga izimo eziphezulu zokukhula, okumele kwenziwe . Ukuzithoba kwalezi zinhlobo zezitshalo kuvezwa ngokuntuleka kwesidingo sokukhanyisa okukhanyayo, isikhutha, kanye nomanyolo ngama-feeders akhethekile.
Izinhlobo nencazelo yazo
Uhlu olunamagama wezitshalo zase-aquarium ezingabonakali zibanzi kakhulu. Ungakhetha i-flora ngaphambili, uhlelo lwangemuva lwe-aquarium nengxenye yalona ephakathi. Amanye amakhophi enhlabathi azwela ukukhanya, kepha iningi lawo angama-teotalem, kufaka phakathi okubomvu, okuluhlaza okotshani kanye nezinye izinhlobo zezinhlobo.
Ngezansi kunabamele abazithoba kakhulu izimila ze-aquarium.
Umuthi okhulayo emanzini olwandle
Ama-aquari amaningi awathandi ukuthi izindonga zemvelo yazo yokufakelwa zihlasele i-algae, okufanele balwe nobani. Kepha kukhona okunjalo, ukuba khona kwakwenza umhlaba ongaphansi kwamanzi kuthakazelisa futhi angaqondakali, ngokwesibonelo, i-tolapofore.
Lolu hlobo lwe-algae olunentambo luyakwazi ukwakha amakoloni wonke, abunhlanga anohlobo lwebhola eliluhlaza. Lesi sitshalo siwela emphefumulweni wezinhlanzi ezincane, njengoba zithola izinto zomsoco kuyo. ITolafor idinga amanzi asobala asobala ngokungathathi hlangothi noma okuphakathi.
Uthanda ukuphola, emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, uyakwazi ukulahlekelwa ukwakheka.
I-Yavansky moss.
Lo mmeleli wokuhlobisa we-Flora uthathwa njengomunye wabantu abadumile kakhulu. Ungaphansi kwamandla okudlulisa ukukhanyisela okunganele, izinkomba eziningi ze-acidity kanye nokushisa okuphakathi nendawo. Inethuba lokuba khona hhayi emanzini kuphela, kodwa futhi emhlabeni, kanye nokunamathisela ezifundweni ngosizo lomugqa wokudoba.
I-Yavansky Moss ingafa ngokungcoliswa kwamanzi ngokweqile, lapho izinto eziphilayo zixazululwa khona ngamahlamvu alo, amisiwe nge-photosynthesis.
Izimila ezintantayo
Abamele leli ngxenye engezansi banethuba lokuba khona ebusweni bamanzi. Izimpande zazo zilenga ekukhulumeni manzi, ngenxa yalokho athola khona into edingekayo ukuze kube khona. Izitshalo ezintantayo ziyakwazi ukuqhakaza futhi kule nkathi zihlobisa i-ecosystem ekubukeni okuhlukile. Abamele abathakazelisa kakhulu bangabhalwa Rica ne-riccing ricci.
Ferns (Indian kanye Thai)
Ikhophi yeWing-like Thai ibonakala ngamaqabunga amahle afakiwe anokufana kwangaphandle no-Iva. Ukukhula kwe-fern enjalo kuvame ukwehlisa kancane, kepha ngemuva kwesikhashana ku-aquarium ungabona ama-stiets aluhlaza okhanyayo. Isihlahla esifanayo singabekwa eduze kwezindonga, angles, ngemuva.
I-Indian fern inamahlamvu avulekile aluhlaza okotshani. Ngenxa yentuthuko enhle yempande, lolu hlobo lwe-fern luyakwazi ukuphenduka esihlahleni.
Lo izimila zidinga i-substrate yezakhi 4 centimeter ubukhulu.
Rogolovniki
Lesi sitshalo sinethuba lokuhlala ezimweni sezulu ezishisayo nezibandayo. I-Rogolnik yisitshalo esintantayo endaweni yamanzi noma ikhule, inamathisela umhlobiso. Lolu hlobo lwezimila ngejubane elikhulu lukhulisa ubukhulu balo, ngaleyo ndlela luqinisekise ukuvikelwa kwabakhileyo e-aquarium.
Umqhakazo
Abamele leli qembu lezitshalo eziluhlaza zingaba nosayizi abahlukile, bobunjwa, imibala. Imvamisa endalweni yemvelo yokufakelwa ingatholwa izimila ezinjalo zezimbali:
- I-Hygrophil - Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo olungapheli lubonakala ngosayizi abakhulu, ngakho-ke lungasetshenziswa ukuhlobisa ithangi;
- I-Lemongrass - Ngokukhanyisa okukhanyayo, lesi sitshalo sithola umbala opinki okhanyayo, kubukeka kancane kusuka ku-strata yamanzi, ngakho-ke kunika amanzi okufakelwa kwimfihlakalo ekhethekile.
Ukuze uvuselele ingxenye esemqoka ye-aquarium, ungasebenzisa uplashing izimila ngesimo se-Amazon I-Echinodorus, Anbias. I-Swamp Ludwig ne-Indian Rotala Futhi kungahlobisa uhlelo lwe-aquarium ngokukhanya kwalo. Ngamunye walaba bamele ngenhla kwe-Flora babonakala ngesimo esijabulisayo, imibala nokubukeka.
Uyisebenzisa, ungafaka imicabango yakho mayelana nomklamo wokuqala we-Ecosystem yezehlakalo.
Ungakukhetha kanjani?
Ukuze ukhethe izimila ze-aquarium, ochwepheshe be-novice kufanelekile ukukhumbula lokho Kumele ihambisane nezimpawu eziningi.
- Isitshalo esinzima kufanele sizivumelanise nokuhlala emanzini ngamapharamitha ahluke kakhulu . Ukuqina kwe-coeffless kuleli cala kungasukela ku-4 kuye ku-20. Izidingo zokushisa kwamanzi. Abamele izimbali futhi abaphoqelekile ukuthi bakhululeka kakhulu ku-aquarimist owaziyo kancane kulolu daba owaziyo kancane.
- Isimo sengqondo ngokukhanyisela noma, ngokunembile, ukuntuleka kwaso. Ama-aquarium amaningi afakwe amalambu anamandla okukhanya abuthakathaka, kepha akukuthinti ukukhula kanye nentuthuko yezitshalo.
- Ukumelana nokushintshwa okubukhali kwezimo. Uma unganaki i-aquarium yakho isikhathi eside, lapho ushintsho lwe-acidity luzokwenzeka. Ngemuva kokuhlanza, kungaphawulwa ukuthi ukugxuma kwezinga le-PH kwenzeka, lokhu kuzokwazi ukubekezelela izitshalo ezingabekezeleleki.
- Akunasidingo semicimbi yokunakekela unomphela. Izitshalo zalolu hlobo ziyakwazi ukusinda, noma ngabe zisemidleke isikhathi eside, ngaphandle komanyolo wamaminerali, amasimu aminyene.
- Ukumelana nezinambuzane. Isitshalo esinzima sizokufa kancane, ngakho-ke uma uthatha izinyathelo ezifanele, khona-ke kungabuyiselwa empilweni.
Izimila ze-aquarium ezingenasisekelo ezifanele ukukhetha, kucatshangelwa Imibandela yokuqukethwe kwayo kwesikhathi esizayo.
- Ubukhulu be-aquarium. Ethangini levolumu elincane, akufanelekile ukubeka isitshalo esingakhula kube ngosayizi omkhulu, njengasekusasa kungaba yisithiyo sokuphila okujwayelekile kwempilo.
- Izinhlobo zezinto eziphilayo abahlala esimweni semvelo yokufakelwa.
- Ukukhanyisa kanye nokushisa imodi ye-aquarium.
- Amapharamitha amanzi.
Ungatshala futhi ugcine kanjani?
Ngokusho kwabaningi bochwepheshe be-novice, izimila ze-aquarium ziletha izinkinga eziningi. Kodwa-ke, lesi sahlulelo asikhathaleli okuluhlaza ongabonakali ngaphansi kwamanzi ngaphansi kwamanzi. Ngakho-ke ukuthi amatshe aluhlaza (njengezinhlanzi) azizwa kahle, kufanelekile ukubadala izimo ezithile. I-microclimate efanelekile yemvelo yokufakelwa itholakala ngokukhetha ukukhanyiswa okufanele, ama-substrate, izinkomba zamanzi nezinhlobo zokondla.
Ukutshala abamele abanjalo be-flora emhlabathini, ngeke kudingeke ukwenza noma yini ekhethekile - Imisebenzi eyanele yokusetha. Ukuze wenze lokhu, ucwilisa uhlelo lwempande kuphela ngaphandle kwesiqu, okuthengiswa ngokulandelayo. Ngokuvuselelwa kwengxenye ephakathi ye-aquarium, kufanelekile ukutshalwa ngokugoqa izihlahla ezinkulu, ngokwesibonelo, i-Amazonian Echinodorus, Anubias noma NezElenery. Kungcono uma inhlabathi engaphansi kwezitshalo ezinjalo izokhukhulwa, imifino ingahlala ngokugoqa, emanzini nganoma iyiphi i-acidity.
Engaphambili, kungcono ukutshala izimila ezikhathazayo noma izihlahla ezincane.
Imifino e-Ecosystem yasekhaya yezentengiselwano ibukeka yinhle kakhulu, kepha ingavinjwa ngezihlahla ezibomvu. Le nketho izokuvumela ukuthi ungeze umsuka nokukhanya kudamu. Abamele izitshalo eziningi ezimibalabala bahlala ezimweni zokukhanyisa okuphakathi noma okukhanyayo, kepha kufanelekile ukudonsa amanzi acidity. Ngemuva kwesisekelo kufanelekile ukufika kwezitshalo ezinde ezinde ezivuthayo ezivalwe yimishini ye-aquarium ngendlela yokuhlunga, ama-heater.
Ingomane Ukuze uvale izimila e-aquarium isikhathi eside, iso lomuntu lijabule, lifunwa yimibili kanye nama-microelements. . Ama-nitrate, ama-phosphates kanye nama-sulfates awela emanzi asolwandle ngokwemvelo. Uma lezi zinto ziningi kakhulu, kungadala inqubo yezimbali ye-algae. I-Copper, i-manganese, i-zinc, abamele iron abangaphansi kwamanzi badinga okuncane, ngoba ukweqisa kungaholela emiphumeleni emibi.
Imithetho ye-dilution
Izimila ze-aquarium azenzi nje i-reservoir enezinhlanzi zihle ngokuhlukile, kodwa futhi zigcizelela ukukhanya kwabakhileyo kwayo. Ngokuqukethwe okuluhlaza ongaphansi kwamanzi kanye nokuzalela kwalo okuzimele, i-aquarist ngayinye inamandla okudala amaphakathi ahlukile we-ecosystem yemvelo yokufakelwa, ehlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zezitshalo.
Izindlela zokuzala kabusha kwabamele izimbali ezingaphansi kwamanzi zihlukile.
- Imifino. Kulokhu, lesi sitshalo esincane sakhiwa kusuka ezingxenyeni zezitshalo zomzimba wommeleli wabazali.
- Ngosizo lwezinto zezingane. Isitshalo sendodakazi sibizwa ngokuthi yilokho okwakheka kusuka ezinsolweni zohlobo olusobala, oluqhamuka esitho sabazali. Ngemuva kwabamele abasebasha, amaqabunga nezimpande zabo zizovela, zingahlukaniswa nemqoka, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzonyamalala, kuzovela ebusweni obuncane. Ukuqinisa izingane Intsha yenzeka engxenyeni engezansi.
- Digger. Lolu hlobo lwesitshalo olusencane luyakwazi ukwakha kumahlumela ezinwabuzelayo. Kungenzeka bobabili nge-sinus leqabunga, futhi ngesimo sesigaba esivela ezinhlanganweni eziningana. Ngosizo lokuncibilika, abameleli bezimbali baphindekezelwa, okuntantayo endaweni yamanzi.
- Ukusika. Lezi yizingxenye zamahlumela atholakala ezitshalweni ezineziqu ezinde. Isiqu, okuthi, ngento ebukhali, ihlukaniswe kusuka esisekelweni, kufanele ibe nezindawo ezi-3. Kufanelekile ukuwela engxenyeni engezansi. Le ndlela inamandla okuphindaphinda izimila, ezintanta emanzini amakhulu.
- Ngosizo lwezitho zangasese. Le ndlela yokuqhubeka nohlobo isho izimbali eziqhakazayo, okuthi ekugcineni zinikeze imbewu.
Ama-Newbies athenge i-aquarium yawo yokuqala futhi ethule izakhamizi kuwo, angabona okungaphelele ekwakhiweni kwethangi. Ukungabi nalutho nokungaphili kwezinhlobo kungalungisa ukufika kwezimila ezingenakuphikwa ze-aquarium.
Abamele abanjalo be-Flora bathathwa njengokukhululeka kwangempela kwe-aquarium engenalwazi, njengoba bengadingi imisebenzi enzima yokunakekelwa kanye nezinkomba ezikhethekile zendawo yasemanzini, inhlabathi. Izitshalo ezizwa kahle ngokukhanyisa okubuthakathaka kanye namazinga okushisa ahlukene ayatholakala ngokuthengiswa okuhlukahlukene, kuyilapho kungabizi kakhulu.
Ungathola ukuthi ungayinakekela kanjani i-aquarium enezitshalo ezithandekayo, ungathola ngokubheka ividiyo engezansi.