Kunenqwaba yezinhlobonhlobo zebhayisekili. Kepha phakathi kwabo, lawo mamodeli akhishwe amafemu afakazelwe ngolwazi olunzulu afanelwe ukunakwa okukhethekile. Umugqa uyindaba emayelana namasu webhayisekili anikelwe eBavaria.
Imininingwane mayelana nomkhiqizo
Akunakwenzeka ukuthi othile adinge ukumela uphawu lwe-BMW namuhla. Ngisho nalabo bantu abangasho lutho ezimotweni, baqonde ukuthi kubaluleke kangakanani. Kepha ngasikhathi sinye, inkampani bekumele inqobe le ndlela elula njengoba kubonakala sengathi ifinyelela ama-vertices acwebezelayo wanamuhla kanye nenkazimulo yezwe. Izinzuzo zenkampani ziqinisekisa ukuthi inzuzo yonyaka idlula amayunithi ajwayelekile ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-170. Kusuka ku-9 kuye ku-10 billion ngasikhathi sinye kube yinzuzo emsulwa.
Njengoba kwaziwa, Iyunithi lenhloko lebhizinisi litholakala edolobheni laseJalimane laseMunich. Kepha izikhungo zokukhiqiza zitholakala kwamanye amakhona amaningi omhlaba. IBMW yaqalwa kude kude ukusuka ngo-1916, lapho kukhishwa izinjini zezindiza. Ngenxa yokuvinjelwa ekuthuthukisweni kwendiza ngemuva Impi yezwe yokuqala yenkampani bekufanele iguqule iphrofayili yabo kanjena:
- Ekuqaleni wahlanganyela ekukhiqizeni amabhuleki ojantshi;
- Ngemuva kwalokho wadonsela ukunakekela kwezithuthuthu (futhi ngokushesha wadukiswa);
- Ngo-1928, umenzi waseBavaria washintshela ekukhishweni kwezimoto (okusemncane kwangempela);
- Ngawo-1950s, lapho isikhundla sokukhathazeka saqala kuphela ukuqondisa imiphumela yempi, waphinde waphakamisa ukuwa kwesidingo samamodeli amasha wezimoto, ezazibhekelela umgwaqo;
- Amashumishumi eminyaka alandelayo, inkampani bekumele ikhule ngokuthuthuka kwama-sedans ne-coupe; Lezi zimoto azifani kuphela ezazingafani nezakhiwo zezobuchwepheshe ezinhle kakhulu, kodwa futhi zazibukeka zilungile;
- Isiteji sokuthuthuka okusheshayo sawela ngo-1970-1990; Imishini yomkhiqizo ethuthukiswe njalo.
Le nkampani iyaqhubeka nokubandakanya ukukhiqizwa kwezithuthuthu - futhi bagcina ukuthandwa kwabo. Futhi futhi kuhlanganyela ekukhiqizweni kwezimoto, kanye nokwenziwa kwezimoto ezisezingeni lezemidlalo. Isipiliyoni esikhulu esinqwabelene sikuvumela ukuthi ubhekane ngokuthula nemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi yezobuchwepheshe. Ngaphansi kokukhishwa kwamabhayisekili, yonke intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe nokwazi okusetshenziswa yinkampani yaseBavaria..
Ngakho-ke, ukuthola ibhayisekili nge-logo yesimo ngaphandle kwama-oscillations - okungenani kufanele adumise okulindelwe ngokuthembela.
Izinzuzo
Isici sebhayisekili se-BMW yilokho Zenziwa kusetshenziswa ama-cast disc. Ukubuka kokuqala esondweni elinjalo kunikeza ukuhlolwa okuyiphutha - kungahle kubonakale sengathi lokhu okunye kubiza kakhulu, okwenziwe ngokuhleleka. Ekuqaleni, ama-alcies alloy asetshenziswa kuphela kumabhayisekili abizayo ezemidlalo. Inzuzo yabo eyinhloko, kanye nokubukeka okukhangayo, kuthuthukiswe izici ze-aerodynamic. Ngokuphonsa, kusetshenziswa kuphela ama-aluminium alloys afakazelwa, okwenza ukwakheka futhi aqinisekise ukuqina kwawo okuphezulu.
Ubuchwepheshe bokuphonsa abaphelayo bunikeza isakhiwo sediski esingathandeki ngokuphelele. Ukubonakala kwezikhathi ezincanyana nokulahlekelwa akufakiwe. Amahlaya enziwa emazingeni angenakuphikwa, ikakhulukazi njengoba onjiniyela baseJalimane bathathwa ngenxa yalokhu.
Kodwa-ke, lokhu akusho ukuthi izinkinga azifakwa ngokuphelele. Njenganoma yikuphi ukukhiqiza okuyinkimbinkimbi, amaphutha angenziwa.
Idiski enhle ye-cast inezici ezilandelayo:
- Kubukeka kungajwayelekile futhi kudonsela ukunaka;
- yehlisa ukumelana komfula webhayisekili womoya;
- ayidingi ukunakekelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi;
- Ukumelana kakhulu nokukhubazeka okungasho lutho nokushaqeka okuqinile.
Yini ukushiyeka?
Okokuqala, kufanelekile ukuthi usho amasondo aphonyisiwe eBavaria, njenganoma yimuphi omunye umkhiqizo odumile, afakwe kukhuthaziwe. Njengoba ama-falsifiers ajwayele ukonga okuphezulu, inqubo yezobuchwepheshe ayihambisani noma icishe ingahlonishwa. Uma ubuchwepheshe bungahlonishwa, ukusakazwa ngaphansi kwengcindezi kunikeza umphumela omubi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho usebenzisa imishini esezingeni eliphakeme noma engeyinhle.
Ngenxa yalokhu, kuvela umkhiqizo onezici ezahlukahlukene zangaphandle nezangaphakathi. Noma kunjalo, Ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe kuphela abazokwazi ukukuthola ngokujulile, futhi umthengi ojwayelekile usele ukusesha izitolo ezisemthethweni futhi adinga izitifiketi zokuvumelana.
Kepha kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi amasondo aphonyisike anazo izici ezinjengokuthi:
- ibiza kakhulu;
- kunzima impela, yize ukusetshenziswa kwama-alloys angasindi;
- Kunzima kakhulu;
- Ungalungiswa uma ukwehlukana kuzokwenzeka.
Yini ukugibela?
Kukholakala ukuthi amasondo alloy alungele ukugibela okunembile kuphela edolobheni noma emgwaqweni omkhulu onama-coating aqinile. Kepha umbono onjalo wawungaphansi komqondo wobuciko obusezingeni eliphansi ohlinzekwa ngabakhiqizi bezinga elimangazayo. Njengoba ama-alloys angabizi kakhulu aphuka kakhulu, awavumeli ukunqoba izithiyo futhi enze ama-dashing maneuuuusur. Kodwa-ke, imikhiqizo ye-BMW ingcono kakhulu kunemikhiqizo engathandeki. Ziqinile kakhulu ukuze amabhayisekili angasetshenziselwa izinhloso ezilandelayo:
- emakilasini amabhayisekili;
- ezintabeni ezintabeni nasezintabeni;
- lapho uhamba ngejubane elilinganiselwe ngaphakathi kwendawo yokuhlala;
- ukukhombisa amaqhinga wokudonsa nokuzivocavoca;
- Ye-Downey Hill noma izwe eliwela.
Umugqa
BMW X6.
Izici zamabhayisekili okuqala okukhathalela kweBavaria kufanelekile ukuqala nge-BMW X6 Model. Ukukhiqizwa kwale modeli kubandakanyeke efektri yaseTaiwan. Akakhuli, futhi ukukhishwa kwaqala ngo-2018. Ngokwenziwa kwamadiski, i-aluminium alloy ene-magnesium noma yensimbi ejwayelekile iyasetshenziswa. Gibela leli bhayisekili lingangena Kusuka ku-1.45 kuya ku-1.95 m, inqobo nje uma umthwalo ophelele awudluli ku-125 kg.
Amanye amapharamitha anjengokulandelayo:
- Amabhuleki weDiski ngesisekelo semishini anenani le-0.16 m;
- Ingxenye yangaphandle yesiphambano samasondo angamasentimitha angama-26;
- Amathayi e-gasket - 26x1.95;
- Imfoloko evinjiwe ngenkambo engu-0.1 m;
- Vertices vertical curricular vertices evela kumkhiqizi waseJapan Shimano;
- Shintsha phakathi kwejubane lama-21;
- Imikhono yokukhiqiza ye-Disc Alloy;
- Kuhlolwe ngezikhathi ze-aluminium;
- Isihlalo esinenhlanganisela yemvelo yesikhumba.
I-BMW X6 ingapendwe imibala emnyama nomhlophe. Kukhona futhi ukuguqulwa okumnyama nokumhlophe nokuphuzi.
BMW X1.
Imodeli yeBMW X1 ifanelwe ukunakwa. Le nguqulo inemibala ehlukahlukene, futhi ibhayisekili lingagibela ngejubane lama-21. Ekwenzeni uhlaka faka insimbi ne-hardtail. Imfoloko yentwasahlobo yenziwa ngensimbi. Isisindo sebhayisekili uqobo singama-15 kg. Imvamisa ingahamba lapho imithwalo ifinyelela ku-130 kg. Idivayisi yenzelwe abantu abanokukhuphuka kwe-1.45 kuye ku-1.9 m.
Yonke imishini yezobuchwepheshe ebhayisekili Ekhiqizwe nguShimano. Amadiski anobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-24 atholakala ngensimbi ekhethekile eqinile. Kepha kukhona okunye ukwehluka kwe-X1, lapho amasondo asetshenziswa khona ngobubanzi bamasentimitha angama-26. Isisindo salo sebhayisekili, naphezu kokwanda kobubanzi bamasondo, kukhula kuze kube ngu-16 kg. Ngasikhathi sinye, imishini yesakhiwo saseJapan nayo isetshenziswa kukho.
Ukugoqa ibhayisekili elincane
Ukubuka okwakuqala kwaseBavaria kuma-Disc asabekayo, kufanelekile ukunaka imodeli yebhayisekili elidonsayo le-Mini. Leli bhayisekili Ngasikhathi sinye ukhululekile futhi uhlelwe . Ukugoqa kwenzeka ngemizuzwana embalwa. Lokhu kwenza lula kakhulu nokuhamba nokugcina. Uhlaka lunombala onsundu ompunga nge-matte tint. Zombili izihlalo nezibambiso zenziwa Kusuka ekulimaleni kwesikhumba sangempela.
KUBALULEKILE: Imikhiqizo yangempela ihlala ifakwe nge-crossbar nge-logo ye-mini.
Ukushintsha amagiya, ibhokisi elinamajubane eli-8. Kuyaqhubeka namasondo nobubanzi bamasentimitha ayi-8. Ngenxa ye-teflon coating, i-cycling chain icishe yambozwa ngodaka. Ngokwenziwa komkhiqizo, i-aluminium nensimbi engagqwali iyasetshenziswa. Naphezu kokusungulwa kohlelo lokugoqa, Kusebenza kalula nje.
Cruise M.
Kufanelekile ukunqanda kumodeli ye-cruise m. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kweBavaria kwenziwa nge-aluminium. Uhlaka lwenziwa ngokubumba kwe-hydraulic. I-plug ekhipha okwesikhashana le modeli, inkampani ithola kusuka elangeni. Ukuqanjwa koqobo nokuhle kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwe-Shimano Carrieged eyenzelwe isivinini esingu-30.
Isihloko senziwe ngekhabhoni. Amathayi afakwe uhlelo lokuphepha oluthuthukisiwe. Womabili amasondo nezingxenye ezihlukile zinombala obomvu. I-Tire ububanzi ngamasentimitha angama-22. Isisindo esiphelele sokwakheka singama-15 kg, kuyilapho ibhayisekili lifakwe i-shimano br-m395 hydraulic disk brakes.
BMW Enduro 2012.
Uma, kusukela kulayini wonke wokukhathazeka ngeBavaria, udinga ibhayisekili lasezintabeni, kufanelekile ukunaka imodeli yeBMW Enduro 2012 Kunamakhophi amnyama nawahlaza. Kunezinketho ezi-2 zozimele: Kubantu abanokukhula kwe-1.65-1.78 no-1.74-1.9 m, ngokulandelana.
Uhlaka lwanamuhla lombala omnyama we-matte ngokuhlanganiswa ne-inction egcwele eliluhlaza okotshani futhi ecwebezelayo ubukeka ekhangayo. Abaqambi banikeze imodeli ngamasondo abukeka kahle e-Innovation Level. Abathengi bangasebenzisa Izilungiselelo ngazinye . Idizayini yeBMW Enduro 2012 iwusizo ngokulinganayo ekukhuliseni amagquma, ivela ephakeme ekuphakameni nasezingeniso.
Isisindo esiphelele sebhayisekili singu-14.8 kg. Uhlaka lwenziwe ngokuya ngohlelo lwe-monocock. Ukuyithola, izingxenye ezifanayo ze-aluminium ezitholwe yindlela yokuqasha zisetshenziswa. Okwe-welding izimpendulo ziyinkimbinkimbi yamarobhothi. Insimbi imbozwe ngesendlalelo sopende we-powder. Isici esingesihle kuphela sale modeli inani laso eliphakeme.
BMW X5.
Ngokuqondene nezinhlanga zezemidlalo, unganaka, ngokwesibonelo, ku-BMW X5. Le bike yokugoqa ingagcinwa ezikhaleni ezilinganiselwe kakhulu. Ngokucushwa kwanoma yikuphi ukucushwa kohlaka, imodeli inesisindo esingabi ngaphezu kwe-16 kg. Izakhi ezikhethiwe zaseJapan zisetshenziselwa ukushintsha phakathi kwejubane nokubopha. Hhayi ama-disc kuphela, kepha futhi isondo eliqondisa, nohlaka, futhi ama-pedals akhiwa kusuka ku-aluminium ekhanyayo ne-magnesium alloy.
Ibhayisekili ngesisindo somuntu lingu-15.7 kg yakhelwe ukulayisha kuze kufike ku-130 kg. Isici esibalulekile sale nguqulo singabhekwa njengefoloko yohlobo lwentwasahlobo-elastomeric. Abathuthukisi balo bahlinzeke njengokuvimba unhlangothi nokushintsha ukuqina. Intuthuko ejwayelekile yi-0,12 m. Inikeza ngejubane lama-24, futhi ompompi mpo bahambisana ne- "V-Break" ejwayelekile.
KUBALULEKILE: Yize iBMW X5 ihlukaniswa njengebhayisekili lasezintabeni, ayifanelekile ukugxuma namanye amaqhinga. Lapho uzama ukwenza lokhu, ungasaba ukuguqulwa kwendlela yokugoqa.
E-bike.
Abantu abaningi banele, siyaphawula, banesifiso sokuthengwa kwamabhayisekili aseBlue Bavaria. Kulokhu, badinga ukunaka i-e-bike. Ngendlela, ukuguqulwa okunjalo Ihambelana kahle nama-canons of Sports Drayivu, ikuvumela ukuthi uthole injabulo eyingqayizivele lapho ushayela ngokungahambi kahle - Akunandaba, phansi noma phezulu. Isici esibaluleke kakhulu sihlome ngemoto kagesi. Isicelo esikhethekile seselula sinikezela nge-Battery Charge Control.
Ngenxa yokubalwa okususelwa kubude obuhlosiwe bomzila noma isikhathi esilindelekile sokuhamba, ungakhetha uhlelo lokuxhaswa olunengqondo. Ukuvikelwa okunikeziwe nokuvikelwa okukhethekile ekukhokhisweni okwedlulele.
Njengoba kufanele kube yibhayisekili lezivakashi, i-e-bike inefreyimu ehlala isikhathi eside ebonakala ngokusatshalaliswa komcabango komthwalo wesisindo. Uhlaka lunolunye lolusayizi olandelayo ngokukhula komsebenzisi:
- 1.58-1.68 m;
- 1.68-1.78 m;
- 1.78-1.85 m;
- 1.85-1.9 m.
Bakhonjiswa izinhlamvu s, m, l, xl. Ipulaki ingu-0,15 m. Ilungiselelwe nohambo olunethezekile. I-Hydraulic Brake inamandla futhi iphephile. Ukushintshwa kuhlinzeka ngokushintsha okusheshayo nokunembile ngaphandle kokugaywe. Ngenxa yamasondo anobubanzi obungamasentimitha angama-27,5, kungenzeka ukushayela ngokuphepha ngisho nasendleleni engalingani.
Amandla enjini angu-0.25 kW. Isebenza buthule. Ihlinzekelwe ibhethri elakhelwe ngaphakathi, elikuvumela ukuthi ushayele i-100-150 km. Isisindo sebhayisekili singu-23.2 kg.
Ukuhamba okunjalo kufanelekile kunoma yisiphi isivakashi esidala.
Cruise junior.
Kepha izilaleli ezisencane, imodeli ye-cruise genior izoba wusizo. Lo mkhiqizo we-aluminium uhlukaniswa ngohlaka lombono oyingqayizivele. Yenzelwe ukugibela okuneminyaka engu-6-9 ubudala. Kunikezwe ukufakwa okubomvu, ukuhlobisa isondo lesihlalo kanye nesondo lokuqondisa. Ikhona lepayipi elitholakala ngaphansi kwesihlalo likuvumela ukuthi unake ukukhula kwezingane.
Kubalulekile! Ngokuqondene nomkhiqizo wamandla akuyona ibhayisekili, kepha iqoqo lezingubo ezifakwe uphawu. I-Superbike - ukuguqulwa, okususwe ekukhiqizeni noma ngesizathu esihlukile asibhalwanga kuwebhusayithi esemthethweni. I-BMW X7 isuswa ekukhiqizweni. I-CrosStar esizeni esisemthethweni ayikhulunywa.
Buyekeza Ukubuyekezwa
Ukwahlulela ngokulinganisa kwabanikazi abanolwazi kanye nabathengi abasha bebhayisekili amabhayisekili, la madivaysi ahle kakhulu futhi athethelela ngokugcwele ukutshalwa kwemali ekuthengeni. Izilinganiso ezinhle zinikeza uhlobo lwe-cruise min. Kuyaziswa ngokubukeka okuhle nokusebenziseka kalula kwesihlalo. Ijubane lishintsha kalula nangokucacile. Kodwa-ke, akudingekile ukukhumbula lokho Ngokuphakanyiswa okubukhali ekunqandeni ngesibambo esivinjiwe, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuwa kungenzeka.
I-BMW X5 ibangela ukubuyekezwa okuningi kwe-heterogeneous. Leli bhayisekili lithethelela ngokuphelele intengo, kepha abanye abantu basho ikhwalithi ephansi yemininingwane. . Ukubukeka, ukwahlulela ngokubuyekezwa okunjalo, kumashina kuphela isimo sangempela sezinto. Ibhayisekili linobunzima ngokujwayelekile, kepha izikhalazo kuma-pedals, ukuvikelwa kweketanga kanye nezimpawu zemishini enamathiselwe kuza kaningi.
Kepha izimbangela ze-BMW X1, kunjalo, amamaki ashisekayo ukubukeka kwawo . Izici ezisebenzayo zemodeli zilungele abantu. Umsebenzi wezinqubo ngokusobala. Kunamandla amahle lapho kuqhubeka ngokweqile. Kodwa-ke, ipulaki linzima. Kodwa-ke, ngesitayela sokugibela esivuselelekile, imodeli ayibangeli izinkinga.
Amathiphu wokukhetha
Amabhayisekili asezintabeni angakhethwa hhayi kuphela abalandeli bendlela yokushayela enolaka, abafuna ukunqoba umgwaqo onzima. Amamodeli anjalo azohlelela futhi agibele ngokuzithoba emgwaqweni omkhulu, futhi aqhubekele emigwaqweni yedolobha. Isici esibonakalayo sebhayisekili lentaba Amathayi abanzi anomvikeli ojulile. Izwe le-Cross yakhelwe ukunqoba ukukhanya komgwaqo. Ezimweni ezinzima kakhudlwana, ngeke kubhekane, kepha izindleko eziphansi nokusebenziseka kucacisa leli phutha. Inketho "yamandla amabili" ibiza kakhulu, kepha ngenxa yohlelo lokuncipha olwengeziwe, likuvumela ukuthi uhambe ukhululekile ngokwengeziwe.
Kepha kuyadingeka ukuqonda ukuthi lokhu kutholakala ngenxa yesisindo esikhulu kanye nezinkinga zokuhamba. I-Bicycle Rigple yenza ukuthi kuthathe amabutho amaningi kunokujwayelekile. Amamodeli we-Type Downhill kufanele akhethwe uma udinga ukwehla ngesivinini esikhulu kusuka emithambekeni emincane kanye nama-prorrusions. Lokhu kuguqulwa kubaluleke kakhulu ephepheni elihle kakhulu lokuphepha. Kungamabhayisekili anjalo athatha ochwepheshe lapho beya emiqhudelwaneni.
Ibhayisekili lezingane lenzelwe iminyaka kuze kube yiminyaka engama-5-7 libandakanya. Uma sikhuluma ngamamodeli wentsha, udinga ukuveza ukuthi ahlukile kubantu abadala hhayi ngesethi ephelele, kepha enesisindo nobukhulu. Lezi zinguqulo zenzelwe ukugibela okudala iminyaka engu-7-16. Akunandaba nenhlangano eqondisiwe Kuyadingeka ukunaka ibhayisekili le-rostovka . Uma kukhethwa okungalungile, kungadala izinkinga eziningi kanye nokuphazamiseka.
Uhlaka lwensimbi luhlukaniswa ukuqina, ngaphezu kwalokho, lusindisa imali. Kodwa-ke, le metal inzima futhi ingabhujiswa ngenxa yokugqwala. Ama-Alloys asuselwa ku-Aluminium enza lula ukwakhiwa futhi awathintwa ukugqwala. Kodwa-ke, uhlaka osuselwa ngohlaka alukho ngaphansi kwalo. Ngakho-ke, kuzofanele ugibele kahle noma ukuhlehlisa imali ukuthenga uhlaka olubuyisela. Okonga imali kuvame ukuthola Ama-Spring Front Shock Ablebers Kepha azisebenzi. Amasampula entwasahlobo-elastomeric akhombisa kangcono.
Mayelana nokuthi ungahlukanisa kanjani amabhayisikili we-BMW kusuka ku-fake, bheka ividiyo elandelayo.