Umsebenzi womklami uhlobene ngqo nokwakhiwa kwezakhiwo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezithombe zamamodeli angaphakathi, ifenisha, izesekeli, ihluzo zekhompyutha, indawo yezwe nabanye abaningi. Masikhulume ngokuthi bangobani abaqambi abazonikeza incazelo nezimpawu zomsebenzi, cabanga ukuthi yimiphi imithwalo yemfanelo abayenzayo nokuthi yiziphi izimfanelo okufanele zithole impumelelo ngokukhethekile.
Uyini lo msebenzi?
Umqambi ungochwepheshe ekwakheni ukwakheka kweqiniso eliseduze, futhi le modeli ingaba yinto yangempela futhi ebonakalayo, ingakuthola isivikeli sayo empilweni noma ukuze ihlale umbono nje. Izinsimbi eziphambili ze-Design zizoba khona imidwebo ye-graphic, imiqondo, imidwebo kanye zonke izinhlobo zezinhlelo . Abaqambi bahlinzeka nge-ergonomics kanye nokusebenziseka kalula kwezinto ezahlukahlukene nezixazululo zangaphakathi. Lezi zingcweti kufanele zikwazi kahle futhi zikwazi ukuhlanganisa izinto ezahlukene, izinto zokwakha, amafomu kanye nokwenziwa. Ngaphezu kwamakhono obuciko, Kufanele babe namakhono okusebenza nezinhlelo zekhompyutha. Njengoba imisebenzi yanoma yimuphi umklami ifaka ukwethulwa okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe bolwazi kanye nentuthuko entsha.
Abaningi badida umsebenzi womklami nomculi. Umehluko phakathi kwabo uyaphethwa Ekusetshenzisweni okusebenzayo kwemiphumela yomsebenzi. Umdwebi wezinhlungu angakwazi ukudonsa amamodeli asezingeni eliphakeme, ngokwesibonelo, ukwakheka kwangaphakathi, ngaphandle kokucabanga ngendlela yonke ifenisha ekhonjiswe ngayo lapho. Inhloso yoMklami uhlukile ngokuphelele - kufanele adale iphrojekthi engabonakala ukuze kule ingaphakathi lingaphila futhi lisebenze ngempumelelo abantu.
Kungakho-ke ukuze ube uchwepheshe, akwanele ukuqeda isikole esisodwa sodwa, udinga ukuthola imfundo ekhethekile.
Wenzani?
Umsebenzi woMklami ufaka ukwakheka, kanye nokwakhiwa kwemiqondo yakamuva yesimanje yabangaphakathi / yendawo / izimpahla / imikhiqizo yekhompyutha. Lapho ukudala amaphrojekthi Ngokuqinisekile kufanele unake ama-ergonomics wesinqumo, lula ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokwakhiwa kombala kanye nama-aesthetics aphelele womkhiqizo ophelile. Lapho kulungiswa izakhiwo, abaqambi kufanele baqale baqondiswe yizicelo zamakhasimende ngamanye noma izifiso zabathengi ziphelele. Ekuhambeni komsebenzi wokulungiselela, ochwepheshe bakhiqiza izilinganiso ezidingekayo nokuhlolwa, ngemuva kwalokho bahlanganisa uhlelo lokuklama noma ukwakheka kwesakhiwo.
Yonke imisebenzi edingekayo ingenziwa ngokuzimela nangokuzimela nabathwebuli bezithombe, ama-colker, odokotela bezengqondo, abakhangisi kanye nabanye ochwepheshe abahlobene.
Izinzuzo nobubi
Njengomunye umsebenzi, ukuqondiswa komklami kunezinzuzo zako kanye nokubi. Ngakho-ke, izinzuzo zifaka amaphuzu alandelayo.
- Ukubuyiselwa. Umsebenzi ubhekisa ethandwa futhi efanele. Ngokusho kochwepheshe, emashumini eminyaka azayo, inzalo ezinkonzweni zabaqambi izokhula kuphela.
- Izinga leholo elihle Ochwepheshe abafanelekayo.
- Amandla okusebenza Njengasehhovisi, kanye ne-freelancer yamahhala.
- Umsebenzi wokudala Ikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise amandla akho okudala futhi uthuthukise okungokoqobo okuzungezile.
Kwakungekho ngaphandle kwamaphutha.
- Ukuphelela kokufinyelela ezingeni elihle lokukhokha . Abaqambi abaqalayo baphoqele ukuthi basebenze iminyaka eminingana cishe ipeni, bagcwalisa amaphothifoliyo abo, njengoba ongoti bengahlangeli bemakethe abacashunwa.
- Ngokwenzeka amahora okusebenza angajwayelekile.
- Okomqashi e-freelanse, ukuheha okubalulekile kungaba ama-oda angajwayelekile. Bangathola isamba esiyindilinga sephrojekthi, bese sihlala ngokulindela amasonto ambalwa.
- Okunzima kakhulu kulo msebenzi abaklami abanolwazi bakubiza ekuhlolweni kokuhlolwa komsebenzi . Ngisho neziqu eziphakeme kakhulu kanye nesipiliyoni esimnandi, abaqambi bazohlala bebhekene nokungaqondani kusuka kumakhasimende, abakhi, onjiniyela kanye nabanye ochwepheshe.
Ngeshwa, akunakwenzeka ukugwema lokhu, ngisho nalabo basebenzi ababemakwe kaningi ngumphakathi wezwe.
Yini abaklami?
Umbuthano wezibopho zomsebenzi kanye nemisebenzi yoMklami akhawulelwe hhayi kuphela ngamakhono ochwepheshe kanye namakhono wesisebenzi, kepha futhi akhethiwe. Kuzinkomba ezifunwe kakhulu ezifunwe yile zimi ngokulandelayo.
- Idizayini yangaphakathi . Iningi labantu abajwayelekile abajwayelekile baqonda amandla okuthatha ifenisha enhle enesitayela nokuhlelela ngaphakathi endlini. Ngaleyo ndlela ababona ngayo umsebenzi wabo kanye nalabochwepheshe bomhlaba abadlule izifundo zamasonto amabili. Eqinisweni, imisebenzi yoMklami inzima ngokwengeziwe. Ingaphakathi akuyona nje ifenisha, futhi kuyindlela yokuxhumana yobunjiniyela, ukukhanyisa, amaqembu wokwakha. Lo khethekile ubophekile ukuba afike nenketho yokuqeda, indawo ye-wiring, amadivaysi okushisa, umoya omncane.
- Umqambi weWebhu. Lokhu kungenye yobungcweti obuvame kakhulu. Impela, abaningi baye babona ukuthi izingosi ezahlukahlukene zezihloko ezifanayo kanye nezakhiwo ezifanayo zingahlukahluka ekuklameni kwazo. Kweminye, konke kucacile futhi kuhlelekile, kwabanye ukuthola imininingwane edingekayo kunzima impela.
- Ukuklama kwesiza - Le yinto yokuqala umsebenzisi abona ngayo ukuboniswa okubonakalayo kokusebenza kanye nokubekwa komthombo. Akwanele ukudala isithombe esikhangayo lapha. Kubalulekile ukubheka ukuthi i-portal izobuyiselwa kanjani lapho kudluliswa umthuthukisi we-frontlend, ziyofanela zibe yizivakashi, yiziphi izindlela ezizokwazi ukufezekisa ukuguqulwa kwamakhasi. Ukuze wenze lokhu, uchwepheshe uyakwazi ukukwazi ukudweba kahle kubahleli, kubalulekile ukwazi izisekelo zokuthuthukisa amaphrojekthi we-inthanethi lapha.
- Umqambi Wezithombe . Lona onguchwepheshe owakha igobolondo. Izibonelo zomsebenzi wakhe zizoba ukwakhiwa kwama-logo, ubunikazi bezinhlangano, amasistimu wokuhambisa, kanye nokufakwa okubonakalayo namamodeli abezindaba. Umkhiqizo wokusebenza kwakhe wenza umsebenzi owodwa - ukuheha, ngaleyo ndlela uthuthukise uhlobo. Ngasikhathi sinye, umklami wezithombe kufanele akhumbule ukusetshenziswa okusebenzayo. Ngakho-ke, uma kuthuthukiswa ukufakwa koshokoledi, udinga ukuqonda ukuthi kuzoba ntofoka kanjani, ukuthi ngabe umhlobiso wombala uzoba muhle yini ngamehlo, ukuthi ifonti elisetshenzisiwe lizosetshenziswa futhi konke lokhu ngqo kuya ku- ubuchwepheshe kanye nethalente lochwepheshe.
- Umqambi Wokubuyisa Ukubuyiselwa . Empeleni, lo muntu wenza imisebenzi yoMklami futhi unesibopho sokwenza indawo yamapaki, izigcawu kanye neziza zasekhaya. Lokhu okukhethekile kudinga ulwazi olujulile eBotanic nasenjiniyela. Lapha udinga ukukhetha izitshalo ukuze zingabheki nje kuphela, kepha zisengakhula ziphumelele futhi zikhule endaweni eyabelwe zona, akunakuba ngcono ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokunisela nezinhlelo zokudonsa. Ngokwesakhiwo sendawo, kuyadingeka ukuthinta okusebenzayo kwezindawo, ukusebenza kahle kwezokuxhumana okubekiwe kanye nokwakha izimo zokusinda okuhle kwezihlahla, izihlahlana nemibala.
- Umklami wezimboni. Lo ngumuntu ogijima ekwakhiweni kwamaphrojekthi wokukhiqiza. Isibonelo salokhu imboni yezimoto, lapho imoto eyenziwe inomthelela ezigidini zabantu abafuna ukuthenga lo mshini onjalo kumenzi noma bayishiye. Kodwa-ke, lapha ukunakwa okuningi akukhokhelwa hhayi ubuhle kuphela, kodwa futhi nengxenye yobunjiniyela, ukusebenziseka kanye nezici ezisebenzayo zemoto.
Lezi izinkomba nje ezithandwa kakhulu. Namuhla kunezinhlobo ezingaphezu kuka-20 design, ngamunye wawo onobuhlakani bawo ngamunye futhi udinga izinga eliyisisekelo lolwazi. Ngokwesibonelo, i-umklami isithombe ngubani kudala izingubo ezinhle, izicathulo kanye imihlobiso; techno-stylist, ukuthuthukisa imikhiqizo esakhelwe amadivayisi; Bio-Abaklami obhekene ukudala 3D-izakhiwo lezitho nezicubu. Ukuphrinta ne lelandzisako abaklami, ezisemadolobheni isakhiwo onjiniyela, kanye nokukhangisa, manicure, amakhethini kanye nezinye izindwangu, umklami-umklami, umklami sezimbali, isithombe umklami.
Imithwalo yemfanelo
Uma sikhuluma ngolimi elula ke umklami ungumuntu yakhelwe ukudala ubuhle kanye nokugcina ukusebenza usebenzisa fantasy yayo futhi amakhono athile. Kusukela endulo, iziqondiso umsebenzi lezi ochwepheshe kuhlanganisa:
- ukulalela izifiso ikhasimende;
- ukuthuthukiswa umqondo ezivamile futhi project kanye nokudidiyela yayo;
- umdwebo umqondo;
- Buciko umsebenzi 3D-ukumodeliswa lula ukubona ngeso umqondo;
- Ukulungiselela Izakhiwo ngekwendzawo;
- ngokwakha;
- prototyping;
- kusebentisana yokugcina namakhasimende;
- ukudluliselwa Project emsebenzini kanye nokuqapha ukuhambisana iphrojekthi kuzo zonke izigaba zomsebenzi.
Ngubani oza?
Ukuze abe umklami, kubalulekile ukuba ulidle amakhono athile professional kanye izici siqu uhlamvu.Amakhono adingekayo ochwepheshe
Ukuze uthuthukise imisebenzi, uchwepheshe umklami usebenzisa izinhlelo eziningi zalezi zinsuku ngomsebenzi wayo. Kule Uchwepheshe edingekayo:
- ifa ihluzo zakudala non-bendabuko futhi amasu drawing;
- Ulwazi ayisisekelo ikhompyutha design, Sketchup, izinhlelo AutoCAD, kanye ArchiCAD futhi Sweet Home 3D;
- ifa amakhono IIDTATICS KANYE UMNOTHO yephrojekthi IPHROJEKTHI;
- Ukuqonda izimiso eziyisisekelo ukumaketha;
- Ukuxhumana namakhasimende angaphandle, ulimi lwesibili kufanele edingekayo.
Izimfanelo zomuntu siqu
Ayikho amehlo kangako kufanele kukhokhelwe izimfanelo siqu.
- ukucabanga okunengqondo . UMklami kudala isithombe hhayi enhle, kodwa amaphrojekthi zangempela, Ngakho-ke, njengoba ingxenye yaleli lunye, kubaluleke kakhulu ukucabanga ngemicondvo kanye ngokunengqondo.
- isitayela ngamunye. Ngokuvamile, le mfanelo eduze zithandelana indlela yokudala futhi ikuvumela ukuba ukhiqize imibono ehlukile ukwenza idizayini liyabonakala kakhulu futhi stylish.
- Ukunaka. Omunye kuphela phutha ibe nemiphumela ebuhlungu kakhulu. Ngakho, uma AMANGA wangeniswa sokuhlanganiswa yephrojekthi ingaphakathi, wayeyoba bingelela ukuhlukumeza ephelele ukusebenza kwayo, futhi sokuhlanganiswa engalungile kuwebhu design layout uzobe zihambisana ne eside becabangela nobusuku obungamashumi amane ukuze vestovel.
- Streetness. Lo mculi izimo zivuma ulinde ugqozi, futhi umklami uphoqelekile ukuba umsebenzi nemibandela dedulene elinganiselwe, lokungalandeli umthetho ngawo igcwele izinhlawulo ezinkulu.
Lokhu Uchwepheshe ngeke ukuvikele observation, umcabango omuhle, ikhono lokucabanga ngokuphelele futhi ukucubungula esiningi ulwazi engenayo. Ukuze kube lula ukuqonda mutual nekhasimende, umklami kumele kube nobudlelwano futhi akwazi ukukholisa.
Uthola malini?
Umklami inkokhelo ngqo kuncike isiqondiso professional isipiliyoni, futhi kukuncane amaphrojekthi ukusebenza, ezingeni kobunikazi amathuluzi obuchwepheshe kanye ne-software, kanye esivela esifundeni yokuhlala nezinye izinto eziningi . Ngakho-ke, ukuze ucacise inani eliqondile inkokhelo umklami sika kunzima, nakuba izilungiselelo abasakwazi yangempela. Ezweni lethu, ochwepheshe ngokwesilinganiso Nokho ukuthola ama-ruble ayizigidi 30-35, eMoscow leli nani kuyeza ayizinkulungwane 40-50, emaphandleni ase-Russian, nabaqambi ngokuvamile akhokhe izinkulungwane 10-15 ngenyanga.
Umsebenzi Abaklami esibonakalayo engcono ikhokhwe. - iholo lawo livela-100 eziyinkulungwane, ngokwezwi nezwi okusho "on the izithende" 3D-Abaklami ziyeza - abazitholayo angaba yizinkulungwane 90, abaklami web - ayizinkulungwane 75-80, abaklami ingaphakathi - ayizinkulungwane 50-70, ifenisha --60 amawaka, landscape abaklami -. Kufika ayizinkulungwane 50-60 An wazibonela umklami ungazama bona amandla ayo emazweni aseYurophu, ochwepheshe ohlangothini ngalunye ukuthola okuningi. Ngakho, okufanayo esibonakalayo umklami e-United States uthola kufika ku- $ 3,000 ngenyanga, e-Canada - 2.5 yinkulungwane, eJalimane, inkokhelo iza kuze kufinyelele ayizinkulungwane 4 euro.
Imfundo
Naphezu umbono ovamile wokuthi noma yimuphi umuntu noma sinamakhono kwezobuciko futhi zizwakale kahle kungenziwa bekwi-design, lo msebenzi nokho kudinga imfundo iphrofayela ezinhle. Ukuze ube specialist abanekhono Kuyadingeka ukuba baqonde ngokucacile inqubo ezilandelwayo amaphrojekthi kanye master ingcaca izinhlelo kahle . Lokhu Uchwepheshe Akupheli self-ngcono, ngoba bonke ubuchwepheshe obusha futhi emisha ivela njalo ngonyaka.
Namuhla, lomuzi ngamunye has izikhungo namanyuvesi ukunikela izinhlelo zemfundo umsebenzi design. Kuyinto efiselekayo ukukhetha izikhungo ezinkulu kuphela unedumela elihle bese ulandela izinga inqubo yokuthola ulwazi olukhethekile namakhono. Ngo amayunivesithi, "Design" isiqondiso ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa amaphrofayli eziningana:
- umklami we-graphic;
- design izingubo;
- Idizayini yezimboni;
- Game design nokudalwa esingokoqobo virtual;
- umklamo Ukuxhumana nabanye.
Lapho yokwemukela inyuvesi, izicelo ngokuvamile udlulisa ukuhlolwa ngesiRashiya, izibalo kanye nomlando nezenhlalo izifundo - Uhlu ngaphezulu ezinemininingwane incike izici isikhungo sakho semfundo. Kwezinye izimo, kubalulekile ukuba eminye ibhekane ukuhlolwa lokudala, okuyokwenza ukuba bakhombise ezingeni onekhono. Ngemva 9 futhi 11 emakilasini, ungakwazi ukuya ekolishi ezikhethekile elikuvumela ukuba uthole secondary education ekhethekile isiqondiso design.
Njengoba umkhuba ubonisa, abafundi abaningi ngokuhamba yokufunda kuthiwa esidumazayo ngoba zivela ukuthi bazoqeqeshwa kukho konke. Nokho, lokhu akukhona ngakho - kule nyuvesi bakwazi ukunikeza umhlahlandlela oyiphutha, le misebenzi kungaba inikelwe kuphela emva isipiliyoni isipiliyoni. Esikhathini izikhungo esikhathini izifundo zokuqala, izinto eziningi zemfundo jikelele kufundvwe (izifundo zamasiko, wezifundo zezombusazwe), kanye nokwethulwa ubungcweti futhi unikezwa. Esikhathini esifanayo, ujwayele imiklamo abaklami iqala.
Izifundo lwesithathu futhi eminye kakade inikezwe ngokujulile izinto ezidingekayo kwalomsebenti, kanye zonke izinhlobo nemibukiso kanye nemincintiswano. Engxenyeni ukuqeqeshwa yesibili, abafundi banikwa ekuthuthukiseni wemisebenzi yokuqala, futhi ekupheleni the wonke umuntu inyuvesi ebhekene ukuvikela idiploma. Ngokuvamile salokhu, umfundi unikwa umsebenzi omkhulu ukuthi kumelwe ukufeza ngokuzimela futhi akwethule amalungu Commission.
Ungaba kanjani?
Ubunzima main kwanoma iyiphi imfundamakhwela Uchwepheshe - Lona yokungabi nokuhlangenwe nakho okuwusizo. Nokho, le nkinga ingaxazululwa ngekucikelela ukuthuthukiswa oda ephansi ukhokhelwe umklamo studio encane noma ngokusebenzisa ngezizathu yokufunda ezizimele. Kulo mBhalo, kungenzeka ukuba umsebenzi umsebenzi ngaphandle kokushiya indlu, futhi iholo eliphansi ngokugcwele inxeshezelwa ukuthuthukiswa nakho okuhle. Ukuba yinkimbinkimbi yesibili ukungabi imibono, alikho ikhambi jikelele lapha.
A saqala umklami kumelwe asebenze ngangokunokwenzeka kanye nombono wawo ukuze embule amandla ayo.
Imibono nokukhula kwamakhono
Izindlela nomholo ohlangothini umklami eziningana. Eyokuqala - ungaba ngezokuvakasha futhi umsebenzi wena. Kulokhu, ungakwazi ngokuzimela khetha oda kuye ngokuthi ezingeni yokukhokha kanye sikhatsi lesitsite. Futhi ungathola ukuthi ubhoko Design Bureau noma inkampani enkulu yephrojekthi umsebenzi iqembu - kulokhu kukhona njalo ukuthi kungenzeka ukukhula umsebenzi futhi efanele, nokuvusa iholo.
Abaklami Novice kuvame ahlelwe studios encane isikhundla esincane. Njengoba umthetho, amathuba ama-career awekho, kodwa futhi umsebenzi kuzo ingasetshenziswa kuphela njengoba isiqalo ukuba ahlanganise iphothifoliyo nokuhlolwa kwamakhono etholwe ngesikhathi ukuqeqeshwa. amathemba ngcono kakhulu kulabo baye bathola imfundo e eyunivesithi angaphandle ehlonishwayo - ngokushesha kuvula eya enkundleni ngamazwe.
Kunoma ikuphi, umklami kuphela ohlukaniswa umsebenzi onzima nokuzifundela okungapheli uzokwazi ukufeza isikhundla esihle futhi imali etholwayo ephakeme.
Kubalulekile ukufunda ezifundweni, zihambe njalo kumasemina, ukuqeqeshwa, ukubamba iqhaza emiqhudelwaneni yamakhono ochwepheshe. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ngokungakhathali abone idatha entsha futhi utadishe yonke imikhondo yakamuva nezitayela, kepha ngasikhathi sinye ukungaphazamisi isitayela sakho.
