Izinhlobo zokucabanga: Izinhlobo ze-Psychology ezisuselwa ezithombeni ezibonakalayo zomuntu nokuncika ekuboneni okuqondile kwezinto. Ukucacisa

Cabanga, cabanga, ukwazi, ukudala - komunye nomunye wethu, imvelo yabeka leli khono emangalisayo. Kusukela ngesikhathi ubuchopho bomuntu buvela lapho kukhanya kuqala ukufunda imininingwane evela ezweni langaphandle, inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi futhi enezinto eziningi zokuqalisa kokucabanga. Yini ecabangayo? Izinhlobo zakhe nezimfanelo zabo zizocabanga ngale ndatshana.

Umqondo ojwayelekile

Kusukela ezikhathini zasendulo, abantu baye bazama ukuqonda ukuthi hlobo luni lokucabanga, njengoba luyavela, njengoba lusebenza, le ndlela yendlela engaqondakali iyasebenza kanjani. Ososayensi, izazi zefilosofi zazama ukwembula izimfihlo zokwazi komuntu futhi zihlole le ndaba engabonakali engabonakali. Izindlela eziningi zokuphangwa, izincwadi, imisebenzi yesayensi nezindatshana zibhaliwe ngalesi sihloko. Amakhono engqondo womuntu afundwa futhi afundwa kuze kube manje ngezindlela ezihlukile zesayensi, kepha ahlala ekugcineni angaziwa . Vele, futhi asikwazi ukwenza isimangaliso sidalule njengento enjalo yengqondo yomuntu. Kepha bheka lo mqondo ngokombono wesayensi yezengqondo bese uzama ukuqonda izinhlobo eziningi zokucabanga nezimpawu zazo.

Kwi-Psychology Kunezincazelo eziningi zokucabanga. Izingxoxo maqondana nalolu daba zingezelele. Akunasidingo sokunikeza zonke izibonelo futhi uhlukanise ngamunye wabo ngokuningiliziwe.

Into esemqoka ukuthi ingqondo iyisipho esiyingqayizivele esivela kumuntu kuphela, le yinqubo yengqondo esivumela ukuba sazi umhlaba osizungezile. Ingqondo ifunda imininingwane evela ngaphandle, iyihlaziya, yenza iziphetho ezithile, ngokwesisekelo sazo, umuntu enza isenzo.

Ekuqaleni kwempilo yomuntu ngamunye, inqubo yokuqonda ibonakala ilula futhi iyindawo yokuqala (Yebo, kuphela ekuqaleni), kodwa njengoba ukukhula nokukhula kuya ngokuya kuba nzima ngokwengeziwe. Imininingwane eqoqiwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi yenza kube nokwenzeka ukuhlukanisa nokufingqa, ukusungula nokucabanga, ukuklama nokukhiqiza, ukudala nokwakha , Dala isethi engapheli yokuhlukahluka kanye nezinhlanganisela zalokho okwenzekayo emhlabeni. Kepha isisekelo sazo zonke lezi zenzo yithuba lokucabanga le ndoda. Futhi kwezengqondo kunomqondo onjalo njengendlela yokubonisa yokucabanga, lapho ihlukaniswe khona yaba izinhlobo nezinhlobo, ihlukaniswe ngamaqembu ahlukahlukene ngokuya ngezici ezithile.

Ukuhlela ngohlobo oluthile

Isihloko esihlukile sokutadisha kwe-Psychology ukuhlukaniswa kanye nesici sokucabanga. Kunamathebula amaningi okubuka afa izinhlobonhlobo zolwazi ngalesi sihloko. Ekuchitheni kwabo kunzima ukuthola futhi baqonde yonke ingqikithi yalesi simiso esiyinkimbinkimbi. Ake sisakhombe amaqembu ambalwa ayisisekelo lapho abacwaningi banaka khona ngokukhethekile. Izinhlobo eziphambili zokucabanga:

Ngokuqukethwe

Leli qembu lifaka:

• ngempumelelo ngokusobala;
• ebunjiwe - okwenziwe;
• isihloko futhi esisebenzayo;
• Ukucabanga okubonakalayo okunengqondo.

Ngokwemvelo yemisebenzi

Ukucabanga kungaba:

• theoretical;
• Okusebenzayo.

Ngokwezinga lokuzindla

Kunezinhlobo ezinjalo:

• I-Analytic;
• enembile;
• okungokoqobo;
• autistic;
• Elocentric.

Ngokusho kwezinga lobuntu

Kungenzeka:

• Khiqiza;
• Ukuzala, kwesinye isikhathi okubizwa ngokuthi yi-Interovert.

Ngokuya ngezinga lokuxabana

Kunezinhlobo ezinjalo:

• phikisana;
• ngokuzithandela.

Ngokuhambisana nezimpawu zomuntu

Izinhlobo:

• Owesilisa;
• Owesifazane;
• Okuhle;
• okungalungile;
• amasu;
• enhle;
• anginangqondo;
• okunengqondo;
• I-Analytic;
• Ilungelo nesokunxele;
• zokwenziwa.

Ososayensi bagqama ngezinhlobo eziningi zokucabanga, kuya ngemiphumela yomsebenzi womuntu, isimo sakhe sengqondo, i-Worldview, ukuqonda okungokoqobo, njll.

Ngayinye yalezi zinhlobo ifanelwe ukunakwa komuntu futhi ibhekwa nge-psychology ngokwahlukana, kepha sizocubungula kuphela okuqokiwe okungenhla.

Ngokuqukethwe

Enye yezinhlobonhlobo zokukhetha okucebile ezabelwe yizengqondo zihlukaniswa ngokuqukethwe. Leli qembu lifaka ukucabanga okubonakalayo okubonakalayo, okungokomfanekiso, okusebenzayo nokungabonakali kokuqonda.

• Ngokusobala ukucabanga okusebenzayo . Umuntu ngamunye, ebheke okuqondile ngokoqobo, enza lolu hlobo lokuboniswa. Ugxile ekuboneni okuthile kwezinto. Umsebenzi wokucabanga onjalo ubonakala ebuntwaneni futhi uqala ukukhula kusukela ebuntwaneni. Umntwana ongeke acabange, akhulume futhi enze okuthile njengomuntu omdala, ufunda umhlaba ngosizo lokuthinta ezifundweni nasekuhlolweni okuhlukile nabo. Uzama umhlaba ngokoqobo amazinyo akhe, azigaya, aziqhabekele komunye nomunye, kwesinye isikhathi ziyaphuka. Ngakho-ke, ukufeza ukubonwa, kukhiqiza amakhono athile ngezinto, umuntu omncane ufunda umhlaba futhi wenza iziphetho zakhe zokuqala ezivela kulokho okuvelile. Esimweni sabantu abadala, ukwazi okucacile kungukucacisa kwabasebenzi abakhiqizayo.
• Umcabango . Kususelwa ezithombeni ezibonakalayo. Kuqala ukukhula ezinganeni ezivela maphakathi nobudala basenkulisa, kuyabusa kuze kube sekupheleni kweminyaka yesikole sokuqala. Umuntu omdala naye kulo lonke impilo uhlala ebandakanyeka ekuboneni okubukwayo. Ukugcizelelwa kuleli cala kwenziwa ukumela izinto ezahlukahlukene, izehlakalo, izimo, kanye nokuguqulwa kwabo okuhlukahlukene kanye nokuguqulwa kwabo emcabangweni womuntu.
• Ukucabanga okubonakalayo okubonakalayo . Ngesikhathi semicabango yalolu hlobo, umuntu usebenzisa imiqondo engaqondakali, ephazamisekile, engacacisiwe. Le nqubo yenzeka kuchungechunge olulandelayo: ukuqonda, ukuqonda, ukuqonda, gearnelization. Lokho wukuthi, umuntu, ukuqonda kwakhe ngokwesimo, incazelo nokubaluleka kokuthile, ngenxa yalokho, kwakha umbono wawo ojwayelekile nowamanqabile mayelana nezinto, izinto ezibonakalayo eziphathelene namanye amalungu omphakathi.
• Ukucabanga okuphumelelayo Kungumlingisi kubantu abakhiwe futhi baqhubeke nokwakha umhlaba osizungezile. Beza nemibono, bazibambile ngokoqobo.

Lezi zinhlobo zengqondo kube sengathi izinyathelo ezikhona zibeka indlela yokuthuthuka komuntu kusuka ku-diaper nangaphambi kokwakheka kwayo okugcwele njengomuntu.

Ngokwemvelo yemisebenzi

Ngokwehlukana, izazi zezengqondo zichaza izinhlobo zamakhono engqondo ngokususelwa kuhlobo lwezinhloso nemisebenzi eyenziwe.

• Ukucabanga kwethiyori . Imithetho ekhona, imithetho, izinkambiso, imibono, imiqondo, ukuzivocavoca - konke lokhu nokunye okuningi kungumkhiqizo wenqubo yokucabanga yethiyori okuvumela ukuthi uhlaziye ulwazi oluqongelelwe kanye nokwethulwa, luhlukanise futhi wakhe amasha.
• Ukucabanga okunamandla - Izinhlobonhlobo zokucabanga kwethiyori. Kuyena, izici ezifanayo zibonakaliswa, kepha zizodlalwa, indima enkulu izodlalwa ngokubheka i-hypothesing inwesi, hhayi ngombono.
• Ukucabanga Okusebenzayo . Konke kulula kakhulu lapha: Izithelo zombuso zisetshenziswa ekusebenzeni, zihlolwe ngesenzo. Zonke izinhlobo zamaphrojekthi, amasu, amacebo, izinhloso ziguqula imiqondo yethiyori ibe yinto yangempela engokoqobo. Ngenxa yalolu hlobo lokucabanga, umbono ongenhla ngesenzo uthatha ukwakheka okubonakalayo.

Ngokwezinga lokuzindla

Ukuzindla - ukuzibuka, ngaphakathi uqobo, ekujuleni kwalo, kanye nangomphumela wezenzo zawo nokucabanga kwazo.

Ukusuka kulo mqondo, izazi zokusebenza kwengqondo zikhombe elinye iqembu lokucabanga.

• Ukucabanga kokuhlaziya . Iyakwazi ukuhlukanisa izinto, izehlakalo, izimo nezinkinga engxenyeni, ziqokomisa futhi zifunde okubaluleke kakhulu kubo. Sibona, siqhathanise, sithola ubudlelwane be-causal, sithola iziphetho, thola into esemqoka futhi balwele imininingwane enkulu ngenxa yamakhono okuhlaziya. Inqubo yokusebenza okunjalo yinde futhi iyavumelana.
• Ukucabanga okunembile Ngokwezinga elithile yi-antipode ye-analytic, njengoba idlula ngokushesha futhi ngokungazi. Akukho okunengqondo noma ukuhlaziywa noma okungenani inkezelo efanelekile kulokho iziphetho ezenza umuntu azi ngesikhathi sokuqonda.
• Ukucabanga Ongokoqobo . Abukho ubufakazi - akukho kholwa. Umbono ongokoqobo wangempela unikeza umuntu ithuba lokucabanga ngokuzwakalayo, ngokunengqondo, ngokwanele nangokunengqondo. Ngesikhathi kuqhubeka inqubo enjalo yokucabanga, umuntu akazange adalule okulindelwe kanye nezifiso, ahlole izwe elisizungezile kuphela ngokombono wangempela, iqiniso kanye nokugxeka okuhle.
• Ukucabanga okuzenzakalelayo , kunalokho, kubeka izifiso ezingekho emthethweni ekhanda ekhoneni, kubonakala kunembile futhi kungenzeka, noma ngabe ziphikisana nengqondo. Akukho ukuhlola okubucayi kwangempela kulolu hlobo lokubona. Abantu bendawo yokugcina izinto enjalo bavame ukutholakala ekuqondisweni kobuciko bomsebenzi nakubuciko.
• Ukucabanga kwe-egocentic Kuthuthukiswe ezinganeni nakubantu abadala abanokuzethemba okweqile, ukuzethemba ngokweqile, ukuzithanda emngceleni kothando. Ezinganeni, lokhu kuyinto ejwayelekile, njengoba becabanga ukuthi umhlaba emhlabeni wonke ujikeleza kuphela eduze kwabo. I-ego yezingane itholakala enkabeni yendawo yonke, futhi konke okwenzeka kuthathwa kuphela kusukela esimweni sokumbozwa "i".

Abantu abadala be-Egcentric banokuqonda okunjalo kwezwe futhi ngokwawo sekuvele kubhekwe inkinga yengqondo noma umugqa wezinhlamvu ezikhuphukayo.

Ngokusho kwezinga lobuntu

Ngokwezinga lobuntu nemvelo, indawo ehlukile inikezwa umdwebo wokudala (okhiqizayo) nokuzala kokuzalela kokwazi.

• Ukucabanga Okujabulisayo Inquma indoda njengoMdali. Lapha indima enkulu yenziwa ngumcabango womuntu, umcabango. Kungukudala abantu abakwazi ukudala imibono emisha ngokuphelele kanye namaphrojekthi angakaze abonwe. Bakha umbono ohlukile nowangempela wezinto ezibonakalayo ezingokomoya nezinto ezingokomoya zomsebenzi wabo. Imiqondo emisha nezithombe, azikho iziphetho neziphetho eziqhathaniswa - zonke lezi yizithelo zomsebenzi wokuqamba ubuhlakani.
• Ukucabanga Okungakhiqizi - Okuphambene nokukhiqiza. Lolu hlobo lolwazi lususelwa kuphela kwizixazululo eziphelele zomhlaba ezikhona, izithombe, imithombo kanye nezifanekiso. Ukungabikho okuphelele komcabango wokuqamba kanye nokugxila kuphela ekudlaleni kolwazi olutholwe ngaphambili oluphawuleka lolu hlobo lwengqondo. Kuyaqapheleka ukuthi abantu abanohlobo lokuzala lokuzala bavame ukuba nomlingiswa ohleliwe.

Ngokuya ngezinga lokuxabana

Susa iqembu lohlobo lokucabanga ngokuya ngezinga lokuphikisana.

Lapha konke kuchazwa kulula impela.

• Ukucabanga Ngokuphikisayo Umuntu uphathwe ukwazi futhi uzokwenza, inqubo yokucabanga ayikho ngaphansi kokulawulwa nguye.
• Ukucabanga okungenayo , Kunalokho, likhona ngokwayo, ongalaleli imizamo intando umuntu. Zonke izinkulumo ajwayelekile "ukwenza emshinini", "yezimo abhekene ukwenza", "do ngaphandle ukuzinika umbiko," ngakho lokhu isimo lapho ukucabanga okuzenzakalelayo lucwaningo imisebenzi yayo. Ukwazi okungalindelekile lihlotshaniswa izingxenye affective we isimo sengqondo sobuntu izikhonzi kanye izenzakalo, izimo kanye izinkinga ezihlukahlukene, okungukuthi, nemizwa kanye ukusabela kwemiva izinto zomhlaba ezizungezile.

Kuye izici siqu

Ukwabela iqembu elikhulu ukucabanga amaqembu, kuncike izici siqu umuntu ngamunye, ezithinta predominance eyodwa noma olunye uhlobo lolwazi nokuqonda kwezwe.

• ukucabanga Male . Kukholakala ukuthi amadoda ukucabanga ngokunengqondo futhi uqondise, kahle isebenze nenkambiso uphawu futhi izinhlelo, njengoba umthetho, le nqubo ngaso sonke isikhathi isinyathelo futhi umphumela. Abesilisa ukuhlukanisa ngokucacile ingqondo nemizwelo. Ngokombono wabo, nemizwa kakhulu omubi wazindla ekuguquleni imicabango ibe yi ibhizinisi. Ngokusho kwelinye izinguqulo, kungenxa yokuthi kukhona uhlobo lespace okuqonda nokucubungula ulwazi ebuchosheni babantu. Nenkabazwe kwesokunxele unesibopho inkulumo, logic, ukuhlaziywa, imisebenzi kanye nezinombolo, ukulandelanisa, njll abesifazane, hemispheres kwesokudla obusa ubuchopho ngokuhamba ukusebenza ngolwazi. Kwesokudla isihloko ulwazi enikeza abesifazane umcabango, dreamence, emotionality, kakhulu ukuma kwendawo.
• ukucabanga Female It has ukufana nokucabanga enembile. Imizwelo abamele esihle ubulili zihlale endaweni yokuqala, kaningi iziphetho abaningi netiphetfo zisekelwe imizwa kanye premonitions. Ngezinye izikhathi isimo ophethe owesifazane, futhi izifundo imicabango yakhe Ungashintsha kanye izinguquko ku kwemizwa. Lona nje incazelo manifest ngokuvamile izitayela, kodwa odokotela bengqondo ncisheka cha phikisana ukuthi abesifazane Awunawo logic noma rationality. Kunalokho, ezimweni ezithile, abesifazane abonise hhayi ngaphansi kuka ezingabantu, ikhono ukuhlaziya, kuvame, uhlele bese kubhekwane nesimo.
• Isimo sengqondo esiqondile . Lapha sikhuluma nethemba. Abantu izici ezinjalo zinomqondo abathambekele, ngisho naphezu kwezithiyo, bheka amathuba bafinyelele imigomo yabo. Ubuntu Abangane abanjalo bangakwenza ungabe nizithibe, namaqiniso njalo, futhi okubaluleke kakhulu, ngokwakhayo, ukuhlola isimo bese uvula impumelelo.
• ukucabanga izinto ezinjalo Impahla pessimists. Ziyakwazi njalo awujabuli ukuphila, okhalazayo njalo ngakho, bheka yonke indawo futhi zonke izithiyo angenakuvinjwa, kanjalo okubangela isihawu nozwela emhlabeni.
• Ukucabanga kwamasu . Uma uthambekele ukudala amacebo afinyelela kude futhi ngasikhathi sinye nikeza ukubikezela okucacile, kusho ukuthi ungowamaqhinga. Strictly anamathele umgomo, ukuhlola ngempumelelo endleleni impumelelo yayo futhi abangakaze bakwazi ukunciphisa abantu babe nombono amasu zomhlaba nalo - njengoba umthetho, lawa osomabhizinisi yimpumelelo kanye nabaholi.
• ukucabanga uyiphupho . Umqondo ofanele womhlaba ulungile. Ukwakha inguqulo ekahle yezwe emcabangweni wakhe, bamkhombisa iqiniso. Njengomthetho, kwenzeke umbango, futhi umuntu udumele kakhulu, wenqaba ukuthatha umhlaba njengoba unjalo, akaphelele futhi akayona.
• Ukucabanga okungenangqondo . Abantu abangenangqondo bacabanga ukuthi akunangqondo, banikeze ukuhlolwa okungalungile kwezimo ezivelayo nezimo, abakwazi ukuchaza ukuthi kungani befika ngandlela thile, kodwa ngakho konke lokhu bakholelwa ukuthi benza konke okulungile futhi bakwazi ukuthwebula lokho okungekho emthethweni. Imvamisa kuyinto ejwayelekile yokuphazamiseka kwe-schizoid.
• Ukucabanga Okunengqondo . Izimpikiswano, amaqiniso, ulwazi, amakhono, logic, ingqondo yilezo zisekelo ezikhulula umuntu onobuhlakani obunengqondo. Imizwa, imizwa, okuhlangenwe nakho kobuntu obunjalo akunandaba. Bahlala benokucabanga okunempilo futhi okunempilo, ngokucacile nangokushesha ukuxazulula imisebenzi futhi bathole indlela eyakhayo.
• Ukucabanga kokuhlaziya . Umuntu wokuhlaziya ufundela konke okwenzeka emzungezile akuphuthuli, ecabanga ngakho konke ngokuningiliziwe, ngokucophelela, esungula izimbangela zalokho okwenzekayo, ngoba akukho nto ekuqondeni kwakhe komhlaba futhi umbono wezwe awunakungenangqondo.
• Ukuvumelanisa ukucabanga . Amaqiniso ahlukene, idatha ehlakazekile, ukwanda kwemininingwane akuyona inkinga kumuntu onomqondo ofanayo. Impela uphinda isithombe esigcwele nesicacile, siwuqoqe izicucu. Futhi ezifana imisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi babizwa ngokuphelele hhayi bethukile.

ukucabanga equlekile

I-main in psychology ingumqondo onjalo njengokucabanga okungazi lutho. Kusho inqubo yolwazi lwezwe eliseduze kwengxenye yengqondo engazi lutho. Abangazi ngokuphelele umnikazi wayo, akulawulwa Futhi akekho ngokwawo uqobo. Kuyaqoqwa futhi kugcinwe ngokuphelele lonke ulwazi, olufundwe kusuka ngaphandle kwempilo yomuntu. Ungaqhathanisa le nqubo ngokuqoqa imininingwane yoMklami, lokhu kuphela okwenzekayo, kungakhathalekile ukuthi isifiso sethu nokugxila kwethu nokunakwa.

Imininingwane eqoqwe ekukhulekeni iyasetshenziswa lapho isidingo sokuvela kulokhu . Umphumela womsebenzi wokucabanga ongazi - Yamukelwa ngokungazi ngesinqumo somuntu . Sicabanga ukuthi ngandlela thile esikwenzayo, ngoba isikhathi eside futhi sasheshe safuna isixazululo esinengqondo esimweni esithile, kodwa ungaze usola umthelela ekwamukelweni kwalesi sinqumo salesi sinqumo salesi sinqumo salesi sinqumo salesi sinqumo salesi sinqumo sabantu abangazi. Njengohlangothi oluphambene lweNyanga, ukucabanga okungazi lutho kuyinto engachazeki futhi iyindawo engaqondakali kakhulu yengqondo yomuntu.

Kuphephile ukugcizelela ukuthi iqala ukukhula kakhulu ezinganeni ze-Preschool Age Age, zivame phakathi kwabafundi abancane futhi ikakhulukazi zibusa kuqala.

Izindlela zokuthola uhlobo lokucabanga

Kwi-Psychology Kunezindlela eziningana zokuthola uhlobo lokucabanga, isitayela somuntu ngamunye. Imvamisa yale nhloso sebenzisa indlela yokuhlola . Ukuhlolwa kwenzelwe izazi zengqondo ezinolwazi ngokususelwa ocwaningweni olude, ukuqoqa kanye nokulungisa imininingwane mayelana nezici zohlobo ngalunye lobuhlakani. Enye yalezi zivivinyo yadalwa ngokwendlela ye-American Psychologist Yaziwayo yaseMelika, umcwaningi omkhulu wezinqubo zokuqonda uBrome Brison.

Kukhona nendlela "yohlobo lokucabanga", olwenzelwe udokotela wezengqondo uGalina Rezalkin, lapho okuhlongozwayo ukuphendula "yebo" noma "cha" ezindabeni eziningi. Ngemuva kwalokho, izikolo zibalwa esikalini esinikeziwe - Kucaca ukuthi hlobo luni lo muntu onalo.