Ekubuyekezweni kwethu sizogxila ebuhlungwini kanye namapharamitha kadokotela we-Copper-Berilya alloy, eyaziwa kakhulu ngokuthi yi-Beryllium Bronze. Sizosho ngezimpawu zomzimba nangamakhemikhali, kanye nesilinganiso sokusetshenziswa kwalokwakheka okuyingqayizivele.
Isichasiso
I-Beryllium Bronze yi-Copper-Berilyan Alloy, efaka phakathi kuka-0,5 kuye ku-3% beeryllium, kwezinye izimo kungenzeka ukwengeza okunye ukungcola. Berylliye Bronze kwehlukile:
- Ukwanda kobuningi kanye nenqaba inqola ngokuhlanganiswa nezimpawu ezingezona ama-magnetic kanye nokungabikho okuphelele kokuxhumana.
- Iyakwazi ukuba ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izinhlobo zokucubungula - ukusika nokubumba.
- I-alloy isetshenziswa yonke indawo ukuze yenziwe amathuluzi, kufaka phakathi umculo, kanye namadivayisi anembe ephezulu nezinhlamvu zezibhamu.
- Ngithole ukusetshenziswa kwami kwe-Copper-beryllium kanye nobuchwepheshe be-aerospace.
Kubalulekile! Khumbula ukuthi ama-alloys afaka noma yiliphi inani le-beryllium linobuthi kakhulu futhi libe yingozi kumuntu esigabeni sokukhiqizwa.
I-Beryllium Bronze ibhekisa eqenjini lezingcweti ezibizwa nge-Displivery Harding . Isici sabo esihlukile ukuncika kwe-solubility yezithako ezihlanganayo kusuka ekushiseni.
Lapho wenza okuqinisayo kusuka engxenyeni yesigaba esisodwa ku-athomu eqinile, inani le-athomu lesakhi esiyinhloko sokwakhiwa kwakhiwa uma kuqhathaniswa nesimo se-Equilibrium sohlelo olunjalo. Isixazululo esiqinile esinqunyelwe esinqunyelwe sibonakala ngokuqina kwe-thermodynamic kanye nesifiso sokubola, ngokwanda kwezinga lokushisa, le nqubo icushiwe. Umphumela wophawu uchazwa ngokuhlakazwa kokukhishwa okutholwe ngenxa yokuwohloka kwezinto.
Ukwakheka
Ifomula yamakhemikhali yeBeryllium Bronze - BRB2, ukwakheka kwalo kubhaliswe ngokuningiliziwe ku-gost yamanje.
I-alloy ifaka izithako ezinjalo:
- I-Copper 97-98%;
- Beryllium 1.9-2.1%;
- Nickel 0.2-0.5%;
- ngaphansi kwezithasiselo eziyi-0,5%.
Ngokuvamile izingoma ze-Copper-Beryllium eziqukethe i-2% beryllium, kanye ne-Copper-Beryllium-Cobalt Alloys, lapho ubukhona be-percer lwe-beryllium lungeqi i-0.8%. I-alloy yokuqala yabizwa ngokuthi yi-High-Alloy Beryllium Bronze, owesibili uyiqembu lamamaki aphansi.
Izakhiwo
I-Beryllium Copper inezici ezilandelayo ze-physicochemical.
- Ekhanyisiwe kagesi kanye nokusebenza okushisayo. Kulezi zinhlaka, into iphansi kuphela ngethusi.
- Ukukhuphuka kokuqina.
- Ukuntuleka kokusebenzisana kokushaqeka kwemishini.
- Amapharamitha aphezulu wokuphikiswa okulimazayo, ubulukhuni kanye nokuphikiswa kwesikhathi.
Zonke lezi zici zibonakaliswa kakhulu kuwo wonke amaphuzu lapho i-beryllium bronze ifakwa ezinhlobonhlobo zezindlela zokucubungula kanye nokuqina. Isibonelo, ngokwakheka okwenziwe ngomkhawulo we-plastiki, izinto ezinjalo zitholakala ngemuva kokucimasha, okukhiqizwa ekushiseni okungaba ngu-770 degrees - Kulesi simo, iBeryllium Bronze kalula.
Ukumelana nohlobo lwento luhambelana ne-450 MPA. Le pharamitha ikhuphuka ngamahlandla ama-2 ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kwepulasitiki kwe-alloy ngo-35-50%. Ngenxa yalokho, ngemuva kokuguga, okwenziwa ngokushesha lapho kuphothulwa inqubo enzima, izakhiwo zemishini ze-beryllium ziphezulu kakhulu.
Uthishanhloko wemboni, amapharamitha we-Copper-Beryllium Ukwakheka akukude nokukhawulelwe kulabo ababhalwe. Yonke i-bronze alloys, ukwakheka kwawo okubandakanya i-beryllium, kubonakaliswa ukumelana nokushisa okuphezulu - Imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngayo ingasebenza ngaphandle kwezinguquko kumazinga okushisa afinyelela kumazinga okushisa afinyelela kuma-340. Futhi lapho kufuthelwa ama-degree angama-500, izakhiwo zemishini kanye nobuningi banoma iyiphi i-beryllium bronze kufana ngokuphelele nezinkomba zabo ze-aluminium, kanye nezingoma ze-tin-phosphoritic zokushisa okusebenza okujwayelekile kwama-degree ajwayelekile.
Le mpahla ivumela ukusetshenziswa kwe-Beryllium Bronze ukukhiqiza ama-castings aphezulu kakhulu abunjiwe.
Ezimweni eziningi, i-alloy yenziwa ngesimo semikhiqizo eqediwe esedlule esigabeni sokwakha. Imvamisa kuvame ukuba yiribhoni elincanyana, umucu noma ucingo.
I-Beryllium Alloys inganqotshwa kalula kunoma yikuphi ukuvalwa kwe-mehopling (ukusika, ukuthengisa kanye nokufudumeza). Yize kukhona eminye imikhawulo ekukhohlisweni kwangempela. Ngakho-ke, noma ikuphi ama-alloys e-beryllium kufanele athengiswe ngokushesha lapho kuphothulwa ukukhishwa kwemishini yabo. Ngasikhathi sinye, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-Silver Soler, kanye noFlux. Kubalulekile ukuthi usawoti we-fluorine uhanjelwe ku-flux uqobo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, okuthiwa yi-vacuum soldering kusatshalaliswe kabanzi - kwenziwa ngaphansi kokuhlanganiswa okuwugqinsi. Ngakho-ke, ikhwalithi eyingqayizivele yomkhiqizo iyaqinisekiswa.
Kepha ugesi we-arc we-arc arlc namuhla akasetshenziswanga lapho usebenza nge-beryllium yethusi, ngoba inesikhashana esiphakeme se-crystallization thermal. I-Welding Suture, kanye nezinhlobo ze-Point kanye ne-Roller ku-Menert Media zikwaziswa ngevolumu ephelele ngokwanele. Kuhle ukwengeza ukuthi izici ezithile zemishini zezinto ezibonakalayo azivumeli umsebenzi we-welding ngokushesha ngemuva kokulungiswa kwe-bronze - ngokuqinisekile kuzokhunjulwa ngokucabanga ngobuchwepheshe bokucubungula kwabo.
Ukunakwa okukhethekile kufanele kufanelwe inkomba efana ne Isilinganiso sokupholisa. Le nkomba kumele ibe nzima kakhulu ukuvikela ukuhlukaniswa kwalolu cwaningo oluqinile. Kungakho lapho ukhetha abasebenzi be-harding media, okokuqala, kuyadingeka ukuqhubeka kwizinkomba zejubane elibucayi. Le mininingwane iqinisekisa ukuthi ngesikhathi somjovo wethusi, amanani aphezulu okupholisa kufanele abe sephaseji yama-degree angama-500-250.
Izinqubo ze-Scoeding kulesi sikhathi sezikhala zifakwa ukukhishwa kwangaphambi kokuphothulwa futhi kubangele ukwehla kwekhono lokuqhubeka nokwelashwa. Izinga lokupholisa elibucayi, elivumela ukufeza inhlanganisela efanelekile yezimpawu zobuchwepheshe ze-physico, ezihambelana ne-30-60 g / yesibili nge-zethusi ngokufakwa kwe-beryllium. Ukufeza inani elifunekayo, i-alloy ivame ukuba khona emanzini. Ukuze unciphise amapharamitha wejubane elibucayi, i-cobalt encane ivame ukwethulwa ku-alloy. Ukungezwa okuncane kwensimbi enjalo kubangela ukwanda kokumelana kwesixazululo se-anderser. Ngokufanayo, ukungcola kwama-magnesium kungathinta ukumelana kwethusi.
Isicelo
I-Brieryllium Bronze ebukeka njenge-alloy yombala, ehlanganisa ndawonye Kusetshenziswa ekwenziweni kwezinto zasentwasahlobo, izintambo, izinduku kanye nezinye izinto ofuna ukusindisa ukucushwa. Ngokukhubazeka njalo kanye nokugcwala ngokweqile, ucingo olunjalo lunokuthuthuka kukagesi okwengeziwe, lusetshenziselwa oxhumana nabo bemvamisa ophansi bokwenziwa kwezixhumi zikagesi.
Ama-non-un-magnatic futhi angenayo ithusi elikhazimulayo le-beryllium Uthole uhlelo lokusebenza olubanzi ekwenziweni kwamaPliers, imimese ye-chisel, izando nokuhlunga. Ingxubevange I-ORTIPAAL ukwenza ama-maternations ngezinto ezithile eziqhumayo , Ngokwesibonelo, kuma-lifters okusanhlamvu, ukumba ama-rigs noma ezimayini zamalahle.
I-Beril-Copper Alloy ivame ukusebenzisa ukwenziwa kwezinsimbi zomculo ezishaqekile ukuqinisekisa ithoni yazo yokuhumusha nokubuyiselwa kwamehlo - imvamisa kudinga ukufunwa konxantathu kanye namathamborini.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-alloy kuyasatshalaliswa Okwemishini ye-Cryogenic isetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa ancishisiwe kakhulu. Isibonelo, eziqandisini. Ukuhambisana kokusebenzisa i-peryllium yethusi kule nkambu kuchazwa ngenqaba yawo futhi kwandise ukwenziwa okushisayo kuleli banga lokushisa.
Sebenzisa ukwakheka Ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlamvu zezibhamu. Yize isicelo esinjalo asijwayelekile impela, ngoba inhlamvu yensimbi ishibhile futhi ngasikhathi sinye inezimpawu ezifanayo. I-wire eyenziwe nge-peryllium yethusi ikhishwa ngokushesha ngezindlela eziningi. Ingatholwa noma ifulethi, ilindilinga noma isikwele, izingqimba ezahlukahlukene eziqondile ziyatholakala, kanye namakhoyili noma imishini.
Imininingwane ethokozisayo ngeBeryllia yethulwe kuvidiyo elandelayo.