IHovawart ingenye yezinhlobo zasendulo zaseJalimane zezinja. Izilwane ziya nazo Izimfanelo zokuphepha ezinhle kakhulu futhi ngasikhathi sinye zinobungane kakhulu maqondana nomnikazi. Kuqala, loluhlobo lwaluhlobo lwamukelwa ezweni lakubo kuphela futhi manje luqala ukuthola ukuthandwa eMelika nasemazweni aseYurophu. Le ndatshana izocubungula umlando wemvelaphi yezinja ezinjalo, ukufutheka kwazo, kanye nezisekelo zokunakekelwa.
Umlando wokubukeka
IHovawart ibhekwa njengohlobo oludala lwezinja. Imininingwane ebhaliwe yokuqala ngayo yavela ngo-1274, yize ukuqashelwa okusemthethweni kwenzeka kamuva - ngo-1959. Ukususa, izinhlobo ezinjenge-hungarian kuvas, kwasetshenziswa iNewfoundland naseLeonberger. Emibhalweni yesandla yekhulu le-XIII, kunezinja zeCartTerad Guard izinja, ezibizwa nge-khoviewrart noma i-hofwart.
Igama lalezi zifuywayo lingahunyushwa ngokuthi "unogada wenkantolo" noma "umlindi we-manor".
Ngo-1473, izinja zaqashelwa eJalimane ngesinye sezilwane ezihle kakhulu. Isihloko esinjalo sezilwane sathola ukubonga kwemvelo nobuhlakani. Izinja zinezimfanelo ezinhle zokuzingela, futhi zazingafani neze amandla okwenza izinqumo ezibalulekile ezimweni ezicindezelayo. Kunezinto eziningi ezishiwo ezincwadini zamakhulu eminyaka.
Ukwenza isibonelo, emthonjeni wakudala wezincwadi we-1274, izehlakalo ezenzeke ngo-1210 zachazwa. Ngesikhathi kuvinjezelwa inqaba yaseJalimane ezaseNyakatho, umnikazi wenqaba wanikeza impilo yendodana encane esilwaneni sakhe, eyayingummeleli wamatshe ama-hovawards. Ingane ibiboshelwe emaphoyiseni, okwathi emva kwalokho isilwane sakhululwa ngaphandle kwenqaba. Inja isindise impilo yomfana, yaholela enkundleni yempi ebusweni.
Kuwo wonke umlando wayo, ukuzalanisa kuye kwangenzeki ukuguqulwa kwangaphandle okukodwa. Uma sikhuluma ngabamele banamuhla be-waavartov, ke uKurt noBertram Köning banikela kakhulu ekukhipheni kwabo. Ukuqala kwesikhathi sokutakula kungu-1915. Abafuyi bakhethwe abamele abanamandla bale hlobo, bawela futhi bahlanganyela ekutshalweni nasekuqeqesheni inzalo.
I-Nursery yokuqala yavela ngo-1922, kwathi ngoMashi 1937 kwazalwa ummeleli ophelele wohlobo, ngokusho kwabafuyi. Umdlwane wabizwa ngokuthi i-castor, izici zale nja zibhekwa njengezinga futhi kuze kube namuhla. Kusuka ku-castor, kwatholakala amalitha angama-32, kepha impi yezwe yesibili yangeniswa ekuthuthukisweni kwedwala. Cishe bonke abamele abafanele bale hlobo bafa.
Isigaba esisha sokubuyiselwa kohlobo lwaqala ngo-1949. Ensimini yaseJalimane, izinja zabhaliswa njengenkonzo ngo-1959. Kodwa-ke, emhlabeni wonke, izinhlobo zaloluhlobo zazibonwa ngo-1964 kuphela.
Ukufanisa
I-HOVAVART isho izinhlobo eziphakathi, ngokuhluka okusobala ngokubukeka kuya ngocansi. Isisindo sezilwane zingahluka ngokuya ngokukhula - Kubalulekile ukuthi umzimba wesilwane wawulingana. Abantu abadala abadala abadala kunezinyanga eziyi-7 bangafinyelela Amakhilogremu angama-40-45, kanye nama-bitches - amakhilogremu angama-35-40.
Ukukhula kukalwa kubuna kanye ngokwezinga labesilisa, kungahluka kusuka kumasentimitha angama-63 kuya kwangama-70. Izinja zabesifazane zingaba nokukhula kusuka kumasentimitha angama-58 kuye kwangama-65. Ubude bomzimba buxhomeke ekuphakameni kwezilwane futhi kufanele babe nenkomba esukela ku-110% kuya ku-115%. Isembozo soboya ezinjeni siminyene impela, ngezinwele ezinde zegagasi.
Uboya obude kunabo bonke ezilwaneni busezindaweni zesisu, emuva kwemilenze, kanye nasemsileni nasesifubeni. Kukhona i-undercoat encane.
Imibala engu-3 kuphela yovolo ebonwa ngokusemthethweni.
- Umbala oqinile omnyama Ngaphandle kwalutho umthunzi ongapheli.
- Ophuzi ophuzi - Umbala ogcwele uvolo. Kuvunyelwe emzimbeni wezindawo ezihlaselwe esifubeni nesisu. Lo mbala usengabizwa ngokuthi ubomvu okukhanyayo.
- Mnyama futhi kuyabonakala. Umbala ogcwele umnyama, amabala e-pallet angaba sobuso, endaweni yesifuba, emaphashini nakuseduze komsila.
Isigaxa sezinja sinamandla impela, ngengxenye ebanzi yangaphambili. Izindlebe zinefomu elingunxantathu futhi zibekwe kabanzi, ukuluma kubhekisa kuhlobo "lwesikhafu". I-muzzle imayelana nobude obufanayo ne-skull. Ubungako bentamo ezinjeni liphakathi, isikhumba siseduze. Umzimba ekuzalwaneni unamandla impela, ngomhlane oqondile nomhlane ophansi onamandla.
Isifuba sinamandla, ingxenye engenhla yomzimba iveziwe kancane futhi inosayizi ojwayelekile.
Umsila ngobude ufinyelela ezingeni elingaphansi kokuhlanganiswa okuyinkimbinkimbi emlenzeni wangemuva, obizwa ngokuthi amagciwane. Uboya kuso bude futhi bukhulu. Ngaphambili nangemuva kwemisipha futhi iqonde. Ama-paws anesimo esiyindilinga, futhi iminwe icindezelwa ngokuqinile komunye nomunye. Ezinjeni zezinsika zemibala emnyama kufanele kube ngombala ofanayo.
Izinzuzo nobubi
Njengakho konke ukuzala kwezinja, i-hovavat inezinzuzo zayo kanye nobubi. Izinzuzo zezilwane zifaka okulandelayo:
- Abamele kulolu hlobo lokuzalela banobungane futhi bazinikele kumnikazi;
- Ikhono elihle lokufunda, ngenxa yezinga eliphakeme lobuhlakani;
- Izinja azidingi ukunakekelwa ngokucophelela, ngakho-ke zilungele ukugcina abafuyi bezinja abangenalwazi.
Ngokuqondene nezimo zohlobo lwazo, khona-ke kufanele kuqashelwe Izindleko eziphezulu Puhnkov . Ngaphezu kwalokho, lapho ukhetha isilwane, kuyadingeka ukukhombisa ukuqaphela okucashile, njengoba noma yikuphi ukungafani kwetendi yangaphandle kubhekwa njengomshado. Futhi, ababi bafaka umlingiswa ozimele: yize iqiniso lokuthi izakhamizi zase-Howava zifunda kalula, zihlala zithanda ukwenza izinqumo ezizimele, futhi hhayi ukuthi zenze ngokuqinile ngesimemezelo.
Izici Zomlingiswa
Ama-hovaawarts anogada abahle kakhulu, kepha ngasikhathi sinye angenasisekelo. Izilwane zihlukaniswa yi-psyche eqinile eqhubekayo, zingabhekisela esimweni esiyingozi futhi zingazihluphi nge-Loouring Lare ngaphandle kwesizathu esinesisindo. Abamele lolu hlobo lokuzalela bahlakaniphile kakhulu futhi banezinhloso zalo zonke izimfanelo zomholi.
Ezimweni ezibucayi, izinja ezinjalo zikulungele ukuvikela umuntu nezindlu.
Ama-hovaawarts abangane abahle futhi aboshwe ngokushesha kumnikazi wabo. Izinja ezinjalo zikhula sekwephuzile. Umzimba kanye ne-psyche ye-havarov ekugcineni kwakhiwa ngonyaka wesibili wokuphila. Izilwane ezifuywayo zisebenza kakhulu futhi zidinga ukuhamba njalo nemidlalo yangaphandle. Akunconywa ukushiya isilwane sodwa nengane, ngoba isilwane singadala ukulimala ngokunganaki. Ukuba nosayizi omkhulu kanye nokudlala, inja ingangqongqoza ingane ngephutha emilenzeni.
Ngenxa yemvelo ezimele, uhlobo olunjalo ludinga ukuqeqeshwa okufanele. Ngaphandle kwalokho, inja engenangqondo nengalinganiseli ingakhula emveni.
Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi ngisho nalabo bantu abakhuliswe kahle futhi baqeqeshelwe, ngokwengxenye, lapho benza izinqumo zizogxila emibonweni yabo, hhayi eqenjini elikhulu.
Thanda inja kuzoba yilungu lonke lomndeni, kepha cabanga ngomnikazi futhi ulalele - munye kuphela. Ngobudlelwano nesilwane esifuywayo, kubalulekile ukukhombisa uthando nenhlonipho, uma kungenjalo isilwane singacasulwa kakhulu futhi sivalwe ngaphakathi kuye.
Ama-Hovavarts akhuthazelela kalula ukuguqulwa kwezindawo, ukuze akwazi ukuthathwa ngokwawo ukuze aphumule. Lapho kwenzeka ezinye izilwane, abamele kulolu hlobo lokuzalanisa ngokusobala izimfanelo zobuholi futhi bavikele insimu. Ngakho-ke, ama-wandAvads kulula ukuhlala kude nabamele labo bantu, okuthi ngemvelo yabo abafuni ukuthatha isikhundla esiholayo.
Umuntu owenze isinqumo sokuqala iHovawart, kufanele akhunjulwe ukuthi umuntu ngamunye angaba nezimpawu zobumbano ngazinye.
Futhi, ukuziphatha kwesilwane esifuywayo akunakuhambelana nezinga elijwayelekile ngenxa yemfundo engafanele. Kodwa-ke, imvelo yezokuphepha ezinjeni izoba khona kunoma yikuphi, njengoba ibekwa yimvelo.
Equkethe imithetho
Indawo efanelekayo kunazo zonke okuqukethwe kwe-ihandartov kuzoba yindlu yangasese. Kungcono ukuhlomisa indawo yenja ensimini eseduze kwakho. Kodwa-ke, kufanele kukhunjulwe ukuthi akunakwenzeka ukutshala abamele kulolu hlobo lokuzalela ecaleni. Ungagcina isilwane endaweni ye-aviary, kepha hhayi ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngoba isilwane sidinga inkululeko yokuhamba.
Ama-hovaawarts angaphila nasezindlini, njengoba ephendula ngesizotha ekuphambukeni kwesikhashana kanye nemikhawulo ethile ekuhambeni.
Kodwa-ke, isilwane siyadingeka Inani elikhulu ukunakwa okuvela kumnikazi nokuhamba njalo. Kuyadingeka ukuhamba nezilwane nsuku zonke futhi mhlawumbe okungenani amahora ama-2. Kuhle ukukhetha indawo efanelekile lapho kuzokwazi khona ukuvumela i-hovavart ukuthi isebenze ngaphandle kwe-leash nesihlakala. Ngesikhathi sokuhamba, inja kufanele ikhishwe emzimbeni, okuzovumela ukulondolozela impilo yakhe kanye ne-psyche ngokujwayelekile.
Yini ukondla?
Lapho uthuthukisa isabelo se-hovavart, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi imenyu kumele ilinganise. Inja kufanele ithole zonke izinto nsuku zonke ngobuningi obufunayo obudingekayo ekukhuleni nasekuthuthukisweni. Okokuqala, kunconywa ukondla isilwane ngemikhiqizo efanayo, iyiphi inja eyayondliwa kumfuyi. Yenza ushintsho kumenyu bese kuthi uhlelo lokudla kumele lube kancane kancane.
Esimweni sokondla akufanele sime isitsha ngokudla ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ukondla kuyinto efiselekayo ukuzivocavoca ngasikhathi sinye, ngemuva kwalokho kuyinto efiselekayo ukususa izinsalela zemikhiqizo inja ayidlanga. Kuyanconywa futhi ukubhekisa ekushiseni kokudla - Imikhiqizo kumele ifudumale.
Ukufinyelela okungapheli kwesilwane esifuywayo kufanele kube ngamanzi ahlanzekile kuphela. Kudinga ukushintshwa okungenani izikhathi ezi-2 ngosuku.
Udinga ukudla isilwane ngemuva kokuhamba, hhayi kubo. Le nto ukuthi ngenkathi ukugaya izinja zokudla azithandeki ukuzikhandla okuqinile ngokomzimba. Imodi yokudla ikakhulukazi incike eminyakeni yobudala besilwane kanye nokufutheka kwayo. Imidlwane idla okungenani izikhathi ezi-6 ngosuku. Kancane kancane, imvamisa yokudla kufanele kuncishiswe. Ngemuva kwezinyanga eziyi-9, izinja zivame ukuhunyushwa ekudleni okwesikhathi ezimbili.
Yini okufanele uyinikele kumenyu?
Ayikho imenyu ecacile yezinja, nokudla isilwane ngasinye kungahlanganiswa ngakunye. Ungokondla isilwane sokulungiswa okwenziwe ngomumo kanye nokudla kwemvelo. Okubalulekile ngesikhathi sokudla akuhlanganisi lezi zinhlobo zemikhiqizo.
Uma uhlela ukunikeza ukudla okuphaphayo kwesilwane, ke Inani lokudla okujwayelekile ekudleni kufanele lincishiswe libe ngaphezulu kwama-30%. Okuphakelayo okuqediwe kufanele kube ngekhwalithi enhle futhi kulinganiswe ekwakhiweni. Kunconywa ukuthola ukwakheka komile nohlobo olulodwa.
Ngokuqondene nemikhiqizo yemvelo, Okokuqala, inja idinga inyama. Izilwane zalo zelulekwa ukuthi zinikeze ngefomu eluhlaza ngokutholwa okungcono kwamaprotheni. Kungcono ukunikeza inyama yenkomo yezilwane kanye nemikhiqizo ehlukahlukene. Izinhlobo zenyama ezinamafutha zingathinta kabi uhlelo lokugaya kwesilwane, kanye nokubi kakhulu okufakwe emzimbeni.
Inyama ingashintshana ngezinhlanzi zasolwandle nezinhlanzi zasolwandle ngaphandle kwamathambo. Ezilwaneni, ungapheka okusanhlamvu kusuka ku-croup, ngokwesibonelo, kuphuzwa noma oatmeal.
Ephalisheni ungangeza imifino emisha egayiwe, njengezaqathi, ukhukhamba noma i-zucchini. Abanye abantu bathanda okumnandi, kepha kungaba wusizo kuphela kubo ngesimo sezithelo ezithile. Zinganikezwa inja kuphela njengezidlakudla kanye nobumbano oluncane. Kungaba ama-apula, ubhanana, amapheya, amakhabe nokunye. Kuvunyelwe ukunika amajikijolo kanye nezithelo.
Imikhiqizo yokulingana inamafutha aphansi aphansi, ungondla isilwane esingesikhathi esingu-3 ngesonto. Akunakukwazi ukuxutshwa inyama, imifino noma izithelo.
Okwezinja, amaqanda nawo asiza, kepha ngamanani amancane futhi angabi ngaphezu kwezikhathi ezi-3 ngesonto. Ezifuywayo, izilwane ezifuywayo zilusizo ngezinye izikhathi zihlangana ngamathambo amasha, kepha aziphathi noma yiluphi usizo lomzimba. Kungcono ukuthenga inja njengokuvimbela ama-caries Izibiliboco ezikhethekile eziqinile ezitolo zezilwane.
Imikhiqizo Evinjelwe
Izinja azikwazi ukunikezwa i-confectionery, njengama-buns noma ushokoledi. Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwamaswidi kungaletha isilwane sibe yinkinga ngesisindo, kanye nesizathu sikashukela. Ukuba nezilwane ezibhaka nazo akunakwenzeka. Kuvunyelwe ukwenza izinja ngezikhathi ezithile izingcezu ezimbalwa ezincane zesinkwa osomile.
Ezilwaneni, into enjalo njenge-caffeine iyingozi, ngakho-ke imikhiqizo neziphuzo lapho zitholakala khona futhi ukuthi zingafakwa ekudleni.
Ngaphandle kwalokho, uhlelo lwezilwane ezinovalo futhi zenhliziyo luzoba ngaphansi kokushaywa. Ezinye izithelo zingqubuzana izinja - okokuqala, zonke lezi zingama-citrus. Ezilwaneni, ukudla okunamafutha kakhulu kuyingozi, kanye namakhowe. Akunakukwazi ukunika izithasiselo zesifuba noma izithasiselo zevithamini ezihloselwe abantu.
Ungayinakekela kanjani?
Naphezu kweqiniso lokuthi amaHondaids anabatholi boboya obude nobuhle, abadingi ukunakekelwa okunzima. Isembozo soboya sabamele salolu hlobo lokuzala sinesici sokuxosha amanzi futhi simelana nokungcoliswa. Izilwane azidingi ukugeza njalo ngemuva kokuhamba. Ukugeza njalo, kunalokho, kungalimaza isilwane. Amanzi athinta kabi isimo sesikhumba, siwuphikisa.
Udinga ukugeza i-HowVavart kuphela lapho ukungcola kwakhe koboya noma kuzovela kuwo iphunga elingathandeki.
Ukubhukuda kumele kusetshenziswe Izindlela ezikhethekile zezinja ezinezinwele ezinde. Ngemuva kwezinqubo zamanzi, udinga ukuhlikihla inja ngokucophelela ngethawula ukuze ususe amanzi amaningi kusuka kwisembozo soboya. Ukuze oboya agculisekile, kuyadingeka Ngezikhathi ezithile ikamu. Le nqubo yanele ukuqhuba Izikhathi ezi-2 ngeviki . Esikhathini sokuncibilikisa, isilwane mhlawumbe mhlawumbe nsuku zonke ukususa izinwele ngokweqile.
Akudingeki ukusika uboya wezinwele. Okuhlukile kungama-paws, okungukuthi indawo ebheke eceleni kweminwe.
Ukuxhumanisa ngoboya obude phakathi kweminwe kuyadingeka ebusika, futhi bakwenza kuqala ukuze kube lula kwenja uqobo. Uma ungasusi izinwele ezinde, zizothela iqhwa ngesikhathi sokuhamba.
Ukunakwa okukhethekile kusuka e-HowavangetOV akudingiwa nje ngesembozo soboya, kodwa futhi nezindlebe nemihlathi. Ukuvimbela ukubukeka kwama-caries kanye nokwakhiwa kwetshe lamazinyo, izinja zikhuthazwa ukuthi zithenge amathambo akhethekile ezitolo zezilwane. Kungcono ukuthi uhlanze amazinyo akho ngezikhathi ezithile usebenzisa ibhulashi elikhethekile nezinyosi zezinja.
Ukuhlanza izindlebe kufanele kwenziwe okungenani kanye ngesonto. Ngokuhlanza, ungathenga futhi i-lotion ekhethekile esitolo sezilwane ezifuywayo noma emtholampilo wezilwane.
Kungcono ukuhlola izindlebe nsuku zonke ukuze uthole ngokushesha ukuba khona kwama-parasites noma ukuqala kokuthuthukiswa kwalesi sifo futhi kuqale ukwelashwa ngokushesha.
Futhi ekhaya kufanele kube izingoma ezikhona zokuhlanza amehlo. I-eyeball iyadingeka ukuphatha kuphela njengoba kunesidingo esimweni sokungcola. I-HowVavat inalokho okunzima futhi okude okungaphazamisa isilwane. Kuyinto efiselekayo kusukela emincane ukufundisa isilwane kuzinwele zezinwele.
Ezemfundo Nokuqeqeshwa
Phambilini, ukubaluleka kokukhuliswa nokuqeqeshwa kwabamele idwala sekuphawuliwe. Uma ungazibandakanyi ekufundeni isilwane kusukela esemncane, khona-ke angakhula engenangqondo futhi engenandaba. Masinyane nje emva kokuba umdlwane evele endlini, kufanele wamukelwe kwigama lakhe lesidlaliso, indawo yalo futhi ehamba nge-leash.
Kufanelekile ukukhumbula lokho IMadrid HowVarta ende kunabamele ezinye izinhlobo zezinja. Abantu abadala bangagcina ezinye izici zemidlwane emincane kuze kube iminyaka emi-3. Ngakho-ke, enqubweni yokuqeqeshwa okudingeka ubekezele, ungathukutheleli ngesilwane sokudlala futhi akunakukwazi ukuwujezisa ngokomzimba.
Kusukela ebuntwaneni, uHovavart kumele aqonde ukuthi ngubani umnikazi wakhe oyinhloko. Uma isilwane singabheki umuntu kumholi, kuzoba kubi ukufunda.
Kukholakala ukuthi abantu besifazane bashesha ukukhumbula amaqembu, kanye nowesilisa - beze ngenxa kanembeza benza imiyalo.
Ukuze ukwazi ukulawula indlela yokuziphatha kwenja, kuyadingeka ukuyiqeqesha ngamaqembu anjalo: "Okulandelayo", "Qamba Amanga", "Kimi", "Hlala", "fu", "izwi" nelithi "ukuma". Eminye imiyalo yesilwane ingaba mancane kakhulu, ngokwesibonelo, "lala amanga". Ama-hovaawarts ngohlobo lwawo ngumholi futhi awuthandi ukuba sesimweni esisho ukuhanjiswa okuphelele.
Ezempilo Nokuphila Kwempilo
Ama-hovaawarts anokungavikeleki kahle okuhle futhi azinazifo ifa. Isimo sezempilo sincike kakhulu ekudleni okunempilo nokunakekelwa okufanele. Isikhathi sokuphila siyisilinganiso seminyaka engu-13. kepha Ngokunakekelwa okufanele, i-hovavarta ingaphila iminyaka eyi-17, ngenkathi zizwa kahle . Njengazo zonke izinja, abamele lolu hlobo badinga ukugoma okufika ngesikhathi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, isilwane sidinga ukucutshungulwa kusuka kuma-helminths nasezindaweni zesikhumba.
Ezicini zedwala, bheka okunye.