Wake wakucabanga yini ukuthi uzokondla kanjani isilwane sakho? Iphuzu alikho kuhlobo lwemikhiqizo futhi alukho kwifomu, kepha yiluphi uhlobo okufanele lube ekudleni ikati. Cishe akuwona wonke umuntu ohambele lo mcabango: iningi labanikazi bamakati bathenjwa ngokuphelele ngabakhiqizi bondla. Ukwakheka komkhiqizo akufundwa konke, kepha ngeze. Ukukhiqizwa kokuphakelwa kwezilwane kuyibhizinisi lapho abakhiqizi abaningi bezama ukugcina, ukubeka okuncane, nokuthola okuningi. Ngakho-ke, wenze kahle lowo mnikazi ohlala efunda ukwakheka epakishe, futhi azi ukuthi imaphi amagama kulolu hlu okufanele ajabule, futhi yiphi - ukuyenza iye kwelinye iphakethe.
Umlando Wokukhiqiza
Okuphakelayo Kwezilwane Esomile, ngokusho kwabaningi, kwavela muva nje, cishe eminyakeni engamashumi amathathu edlule. Eqinisweni le-post-soviet, ukugeleza kokuphakelayo okuphuthume, eqinisweni, hhayi kudala kangako - kuma-90s ekhulu leminyaka elidlule. Kepha okufundwayo okufanayo kwezilwane ezomile kukhiqizwa iminyaka engu-150! Owokuqala wavama leli cala ngokugeleza kwezindlebe ze-American James Spratt, yize izwe lalingeyona impahla, kodwa eNgilandi. Ukwakheka kokudla kwezilwane kungathathwa njengokulungile: ufulawa, inyama emhlabathini, igazi lenkomo kanye nemifino kancane. Konke lokhu kwaguqulwa kube amakhukhi amathambo.
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ngakolunye uhlangothi lo mkhiqizo uthandile izinja (yebo, yebo, okuphakelayo kokuqala awenziwanga amakati, kodwa izinja). Ochwepheshe babehlobene ngokweqiniso kulowo okudla okunempilo, kepha indlela yokudla okusheshayo kwezilwane, futhi ibizwe ngokuthi kwesinye isikhathi, futhi ngakho-ke, bekuvele kwethulwa.
Isigaba esilandelayo singama-30 nama-40 wekhulu le-XX. Kungashiwo ukuthi inkathi yokudla okulomile yaqala ngalesi sikhathi. Kuleyo minyaka kwakukhona izinketho ezimbili kuphela zomkhiqizo owomile: amagremu namabhola. Ama-granule ayengama-crackers asukulungele noma aqhekezeke, futhi amabhola yizakhi ezaziyohloliswa umfuyi. Kepha ukusho ukuthi izinkampani ezinkulu ezinikeza lo mkhiqizo emakethe zenze impumelelo yezimboni ukuze kusizakale abafowethu abancane, akunakwenzeka. Maye, umenzi wavele wakhuphuka ukukhiqizwa emikhiqizweni yokukhiqiza.
Ngaleso sikhathi, naphezu kwesiqinisekiso sokukhangisa, esevele saqinisa ukuhweba nge-flywheel, ukudla okomile akuzange kuhlukaniswe ngebhalansi, futhi bekungenakwenzeka ukubiza ukudla okunjalo kwezilwane.
Bese kuthi-ke le ndaba yajikijelwa imnandi ngokwengeziwe: u-purin waqala ukusebenzisa ukukhishwa kuma-50s, futhi uMark Morris wasungula ukunakekelwa kwezilwane. Ukwazile ukuthuthukisa okuphakelayo kwezokwelapha, okuyinto, ekuqaleni, waguqula umshini okhethekile ekudleni ekheniwe. Ekugcineni, uPaul Yam wenza impumelelo enkulu - wabeka ifilosofi yokudla okulinganiselayo kwamakati nezinja. Ngenxa yakhe, yasungulwa: Izinja namakati ziyamangalisa, futhi ukudla kwazo kufanele kususelwe kumaprotheni aphezulu aphezulu aphezulu.
Ukuphothula okusobala kuvela emakethe yokuphakelayo emakethe yokuphakelayo: Umnotho kanye ne-premium, i-Super Premium nokudla kwezilwane okuthengiswayo. Kepha ukumaketha kulesi sigaba kwesinye isikhathi bekuyinto ethe xaxa: akuwona wonke amakati ukudla okuhambisana nalawo ashiwo epaki. Kuma-90s, imfashini yafika eHolistic - Umqondo wokudla okunempilo kwezilwane waqala ukudedela. Isisekelo sokuphakelwa sasiyindabuko esezingeni eliphakeme, imikhiqizo ye-eco-ye-eco-eluhlaza, ngokungaphuzi okuluhlaza (okusho ukuthi izingxenye zezilwane) izingxenye zokuphakelayo zaba ukusetshenziswa kwemifino, amakhambi namajikijolo.
Manje imakethe yokuphakelwa kwezilwane iyachichima ngomqondo othile. Umthengi, njengoba izibalo zibonisa, kulandela ukukhetha okusekelwe ekukhangiseni, amanani kanye nokuheha kwangaphandle kokupakishwa.
Futhi kufanele ufunde njalo ukwakheka, futhi wazi ngokuphelele kahle okufanele ngabe kufanele kube lapho, futhi yini engeyona.
Izici eziphambili zokuphakelwa kwanamuhla
Ikati lingumhlali onobunzima. Ukugaya ukudla okuvela etafuleni lendoda ipheshana lokugaya kwalo liguqulwa kancane. Uma ukondla ngosawoti, obhemayo, othosiwe, ubukhali, isilwane sizothola ngokushesha izifo ezizonciphisa impilo yakhe.
Ochwepheshe bekati abanempilo baphikelela ngamaphuzu alandelayo.
- Imikhiqizo yekhwalithi yemvelaphi yezilwane - isisekelo se-catfish. Ukudla kwesilwane kuqukethe inyama kanye nemikhiqizo engezansi, ebalulekile ngamaprotheni alo nama-amino acid amakhulu. Izilwane ezifuywayo zidinga ama-acid ama-polyonsaturated acity angenakutholwa ngaphandle kokudla kwenyama nokudla.
- Imifino, okusanhlamvu, uwoyela wemifino nakho kubalulekile. I-retinol ne-niacin yilezo zinto, ngaphandle kwawo i-kitty engakwazi ukukhula ngokujwayelekile futhi ithuthukise, ibukeke inempilo. Futhi uma ukondla isilwane esivela "etafuleni lomuntu", ukulandelela ukuthi kufaneleka kangakanani umsoco, kunzima kakhulu.
ERussia, izindinganiso eziqinile zezilwane kanye nokuhlanzeka zibekwa phambili ekubukeni kokuphakelwa kwezilwane. Ukudla kwaseFeline kuvunyelwe kuphela ezilwaneni zasemapulazini, kusuka enyameni, efanelekile ukudla nomuntu. Hhayi ikhwalithi yesisekelo kuphela, kepha futhi ne-organeoleptic, izinkomba zemvelo zokuphakelwa zibhekwe. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukuthungwa kwakhe, iphunga, umbala - ukuhlaziywa okunjalo kuyaphoqelelwa.
Cabanga ngezithako eziphambili zokuphakelwa.
- Inyama . Umkhiqizi unelungelo lokubiza i-veal, inyama yenkomo, ingulube, iwundlu, kozdyatin. Yebo, uma iphakethe licacisiwe, iyiphi inyama ekhona ekwakhiweni. Kepha akubona bonke abakhiqizi abakwenzayo lokho. Uma kunomvundla ngemuva, leli gama kufanele ulifunde emaphaketheni. Kepha inyoni (inkukhu) nenhlanzi ayikwazi ukubizwa ngenyama. Kufanele ibhalwe: inhlanzi, inkukhu, turkey, njll.
- Inyoni . Isikhumba namathambo enyoni abizwa kanjalo. Uma umenzi wamathambo enkukhu egcwele kanye nenyama, akuwona umshini - kunalokho, okwezilwane ezifuywayo lokhu kungumthombo omuhle we-calcium. Ngoba uma ufunda umbhalo "inyoni" ephaketheni ngokuphakelayo, qaphela ukuthi ngaphezu kwengxenye yemisipha, kungahle kube nezingcezwana zamathambo, ngempumelelo emhlabathini.
- Imikhiqizo engezansi yenyama. Lezi yizinto ezidliwayo ze-mammazana okungeyona eyezimsipha. Ngokwesibindi noma isibindi, ngokwesibonelo. Udder namaphaphu, njengoba wazi, umuntu akadli, kodwa ngamakati asekhaya, lezi zinto zivunyelwe.
- Izinkukhu ezingenampilo. Izinyawo, amakhanda, ama-guts wezinyoni esigabeni esinqunyiwe nawo angangena ekudleni kwekati.
- Inyama kafulawa. Okubizwa ngokuthi izinto zokwakha ezivundwayo, ezenziwe ngezicubu zasemanzini. Inyama nemikhiqizo engezansi kungaba kufulawa yenyama. Ukuphoqa umenzi ukuthi abonise ukuthi yini ngempela kulolufulawa, futhi osetshenziswayo inyama, umthetho awuzange uthathe isinqumo. Uma amathambo engezwa kulolu mbiko, "kubhalwa ufulawa we-Meat-Point". Kukhona izinketho ezinjalo: "Flour kusuka kumikhiqizo yezilwane", "ufulawa wezinyoni" noma "ufulawa kusuka ku-bird off".
- Amafutha namafutha. Izilwane namafutha emifino asetshenziselwa ukwenza ukunambitheka okukhangayo okwengeziwe, ukuze inani lalo lamandla likhuphuke.
- Izakhi zemifino. Njengomthetho, ibhali, ummbila, uphizi, irayisi, amazambane angezwe ekuphakeni. Basebenza njengesixhumanisi sezinye izithako, kuphela endaweni yesibili abangabizwa ngokuthi ngumthombo wama-carbohydrate.
- Amavithamini namaminerali. Amaminerali aqukethe ngemuva, umenzi angachaza lokhu: uhlu olulula noma lokudluliselwa kwezinto ezithile namaminerali. Amaminerali ahlala ethange, amavithamini nawo anendaba yokufakelwa.
- Umphiniphamba . Lokhu kungenye yezinto ezingenziwa kubizwa ngokuthi ama-laporares welatorathratory ama-acid. Umzimba wekati kufanele uhlanganise le nto uqobo, kepha izilwane ezifuywayo zinento ebalulekile yokushoda. I-Kitness, ebezingelwa ngamagundane namagundane, ukuntuleka kwe-taurine akunawo. Okunye kufanele kutholakale ngendlela yezithasiselo noma, kube lula, njengengxenye yokuphakelwa.
I-Taurine iqinisa ukungavikeki, ithuthukisa umsebenzi wesibindi nosoka lwezinso, isebenzisa izinga le-glucose egazini, lithinta kahle isimo soboya, lithuthukisa umbono woboya, liqinise umbono wenzalo enempilo.
- Umlotha . Cishe bonke abanikazi bamakati abathenga okokuqala, bakholelwa ukuthi umlotha uyi-minibus. Kepha eqinisweni, lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi isilinganiso sokuqukethwe kwamaminerali ekati Stern. Le nkomba kucatshangelwa ukuthi inani le-calcium, phosphorus, i-magnesium, i-sodium namanye amaminerali alinganiselwe. Ukwenza isibonelo, kumashubhu emisipha wesilwane (okungukuthi, enyameni) umlotha ngaphezu kwamathambo.
Kumele kushiwo ukuthi umthetho awulawuli incazelo yokuqukethwe komlotha womkhiqizo - Umkhiqizi kungenzeka angacacisi okuqukethwe komlotha kwiphakheji.
Ukusho ukuthi siphila ngesikhathi lapho amakati angakuthola ukudla okuphelele okuvela emaphaketheni amahle - kusho ukuqamba amanga. Ngaphambi kohlelo olufanele lokudla okunempilo lusekude. Maye, kepha amashalofu ezitolo zezilwane agcwele ukudla okugcwele ngesitashi. Futhi izilwane zethu ziphoqeleka ukuthi zihlale "ekudleni kwesitashi" esibi ". Futhi iphuzu akuyona ukuthi iresiphi ephelele yokuphakelayo ayisungulwanga, futhi iqiniso lokuthi ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yezezimali ezifuywayo kuthuthukiswe kahle.
Ingxenye enkulu yokuphakelwa ivela e-United States. Ukulawulwa kwemikhiqizo yokudla yezilwane zasekhaya, i-TSM (isikhungo se-vetucturtury) sinomthwalo wemfanelo. Kepha ukukhathalela okuyinhloko kwesikhungo ukulandelela ikhwalithi yezithasiselo zokudla kanye nokuphakelwa kwezokwelapha kwemfuyo. Iphuzu elibi kakhulu: Ngaphambi kokungena emakethe, umkhiqizi wokuphakelayo akufanele athole idokhumenti evumayo. Kwanele ukufeza izidingo zombuso lapho kwenziwa khona okuphakelayo.
-Omile
Sizohlaziya ukwakheka okunjalo esibonelweni semikhiqizo esezingeni lomnotho ngokufunwa kakhulu. Imvamisa ekuphaketheni kokuphakelwa okunjalo kukhona inyama yenkomo, iwundlu noma inkukhu, kepha hhayi ngaphezulu kwe-7%. Amaprotheni amaphesenti ayisikhombisa we-carnivorous - ucabanga ukuthi wanele ngokwanele? Esikhundleni salokho, ekuphakanyisweni okunjalo, inyama isebenza njenge-ejenti yokunambitha edonsela isilwane ekudleni, kepha nakanjani hhayi umthombo wamaprotheni. Kepha ngemikhiqizo engezansi endaweni enjalo icishe ibe ngama-60%. Amavithamini kanye namaminerali kuwo ancithakaleka kakhulu, kepha amafutha akhona.
Izengezo ezinxephezela ukwakheka kwama-micro nama-mactroelements, cishe ama-5%. Cishe okufanayo njengenyama, futhi kaningi ngaphezulu. Cishe i-25% ekwakhiweni kokudla okushibhile okunomile okuhlala okusanhlamvu. Lokhu kungumthombo wama-carbohydrate wekati. Ukwakheka kungukudla okunempilo, kepha hhayi okuwusizo kakhulu esilwaneni. Ikati elincane elinaye ukubhekana nalo, kodwa isiguli, isilwane esidala asikho.
Ukuphakelwa kwe-premium elomile kugqugquzela amathemba amaningi okudla okunempilo kwekati, kepha kukhona i-nuance lapha. Izithako eziningi ezivela ekuphathweni okunjalo ziholela ekukhululekeni okusheshayo kwekati, futhi uma ungamhleleli imidlalo evamile nokuhamba, isilwane siyokhuluphele ngokushesha okukhulu.
Njengengxenye yokudla okulomile kwebanga eliphakeme kakhulu, empeleni akukho mikhiqizo engezansi. Ifomula yemvelo yalezi zingoma isiza ikati isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka ukuze lihlale liphilile, linamandla, lidlalwa.
-Manzi
Okungafanele kube kokuphakelayo okumanzi, ngakho-ke leli yiselula, ushukela, i-caramel, i-plylene glycol (isilwane asikho isidingo sokudonsa ama-sweeteners). Udayi wokufakelwa i-E127 - ukubonwa kwezifo ze-oncological. Imikhiqizo engezansi ekudleni okumanzi imvamisa kakhulu, futhi azihlali zikhanga: zingaba isikhumba senyama, ngokwesibonelo. Uma ukugcotshwa kwe- "nyama" kuyinto, kungcono kunokujwayelekile.
Umshini ozithoba
Kukhona ukudla okusemathinini ongasebenzisa ikati nsuku zonke, futhi kukhona lezo ezihloselwe ukudla ngezikhathi ezithile kuphela. Izingane zithanda ama-mousses namaphayi, namakati amadala adonswa ngezingcezu zenyama. Ukwakheka kwalolu hlobo lwemikhiqizo kusondele ekwakhekeni kokuphakelayo okumanzi. Uma uhlangana ekudleni kokudla kwezilwane zasekhaya nokudla okusemathinini, kuyinto efiselekayo ukuthi zivela kulayini womkhiqizo owodwa.
Izithako ezengeziwe
Vele, umenzi wafuna, okokuqala, athole, futhi angenzi amakati amaningi. Umsebenzi wakhe ukuheha isilwane esitsheni. Futhi lokhu kungenziwa ngokusebenzisa ukunambitheka. Ngakho-ke ekwakhekeni kokuphakelayo kuvela okukhishwa kwe-chamomile, i-ginger, i-rosemary, i-fennel. Futhi ukuze ukondle kwaba nokubukeka okukhangayo, futhi ama-crispy crackers abheke kahle endishini ye-feline, ama-emulsifiers kanye nezinkambisa engeza ekwakhiweni.
Kepha kukhona phakathi kwezithako ezengeziwe kanye nokuthambisa okuhle impela. Isibonelo, izakhi ezibopha ama-bile acid: ama-statins, ama-sequestrants.
Azivumeli umfutho ukuze abe ngumthombo we-cholesterol ngefomu elihlanzekile, wehlisa ubungozi bezifo zenhliziyo.
Izincomo zokukhetha
Ngaphambi kokuya esitolo sezilwane, cabanga, mhlawumbe ungahlela isilwane sakho okuthile okubaluleke kakhulu kunokudla kwezimboni? Funda le ncwadi (noma izingcaphuno) Izilwane ezifuywayo zokudla zifa ngo-Anna Martin, imboni yokudla kwezilwane ayikhonjiswanga kwifomu elibonakalayo kakhulu. Kepha ngaphandle kwezincwadi, ungafaka nje ukucabanga okubucayi: Ukuza nge-hyperpet ejwayelekile, umuntu osemakhelwaneni amakhulu aqhuma "chemistry", ngokuvamile ngaphandle kokucabanga ngakho. Ungakholelwa eqinisweni lokuthi ukudla kwezilwane ezibekwe emfudlaneni wezentengiselwano, ngesimo esiningi. Kodwa-ke, uma kungekho okunye, kuzofanela ukuthenga okuthile.
Ake sibheke ukuthi zithini ochwepheshe kulokhu.
- Cishe ingxenye yesithathu yokudla kwamakati kufanele ibe emanzi noma amathini, okusele ukudla owomile. Okuphakelayo okungcono kwemvelo, okulungiselela inyama noma inhlanzi, cha futhi akunakwenzeka.
- Umkhiqizo owomile uhlala uphuza ikati. Uma ehlala emngceleni owomile, anele ngesiphuzo sakhe, izinkinga zempilo zizoba ngokushesha okukhulu. Ngesizathu esifanayo, amahlandla ambalwa ngesonto ake adle kancane noma ukudla okusemathinini.
- Ukudla okuphelele kungumkhiqizo ophezulu wamakati. Ukwakheka kokulinganisela, okulondoloziwe kanye namadayi akunjalo, ama-allergen. Kepha izindleko zomkhiqizo onjalo ziphezulu kakhulu, futhi ekuthengisweni kwamahhala ukuthola futhi akulula.
Okuphakelayo okungcono kakhulu kuyipremium, izingoma zeklasi eliphezulu, ziyindlela. Khumbula ukuthi uma uthenga umkhiqizo we-Econocomy-Class, ngisho nohlobo olukhangiwe kakhulu alukhuphuli ikhwalithi yalo. Wonke umkhomo: Ukudla okushibhile kuhle akunakuba. Ngakho-ke, isilwane sinesibopho, futhi okokuqala qiniseka ukuthi ilungiselelwe ngokuphelele.
Ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani ukudla okungcono kakhulu owomile, bheka ividiyo elandelayo.