Ikhitshi yindawo apho kuyenziwa khona ubuchule obukhulu kunye namanqanaba amancinci emidlalo emincinci, lonke usapho luhamba etafileni. Isimo sengqondo sokunikela ingqalelo kunye necebo lokukhetha ifanitshala iya kuzisa isiphumo esihle. Ikhitshi liya kuba yindawo apho kuya kuba lula khona kwaye kumnandi ukupheka. Iindidi zeekhabhathi zekhitshi, ubungakanani babo kunye nokubekwa kwezinto ezibalulekileyo ekucwangcisweni kwendawo yokusebenza ye-ergonomic.
Imilinganiselo esemgangathweni
Ukwenza iimeko ezifanelekileyo ekhitshini, ukhetho lwefanitshala efanelekileyo yenye yezigaba eziphambili. Ukwenza igumbi ngokuphosa kunye nesitayile, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba iindlela zokuyila zanamhlanje zithanda ukonga kwendawo yasimahla kunye ne-Decor encinci. Umthengi ubonelela ngohlobo lweekhabhathi:
- ngaphandle;
- udonga;
- kwikona;
- Eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Ubunzima ekukhetheni kwefanitshala yasekhitshini kuqala ngomlinganiso wendawo yegumbi, ukuphakama kweendonga, ubunzulu bendawo, eya kuthi ithathe indawo yentloko yendawo, eya kuthi ithathe i-parameter yendawo, eya kuthi ithathe i-parameter yesiza. Rhoqo kukho iifomathi ezincinci okanye ezingekho mthethweni ekhitshini. Fumana iikhabhathi ezifanelekileyo kunye nendawo equlathiweyo-umzuzu onoxanduva lokuqwalaselwa kwekhitshi. Umgangatho wefenitshala yasekhikweni onikezwe kwimarike (ubungakanani iboniswe kwiisentimitha), ezinjalo:
- I-60X60X80 ye-tube yangaphandle eneminyango emibini;
- I-50X60X80 yangaphandle ihleli ngomnyango omnye;
- I-60x30X80X80 kwiikhabhathi ezinqunyanyisiweyo zeengcango ezi-2;
- I-60x30X40 yekhabhathi enqunyanyisiweyo ngomnyango omnye;
- Icandelo le-angular le-trapezoidal kunye namaqela angama-60, 30,5 no-38.
Ngeparamitha, iikhabhathi zekhitshi eziqhelekileyo zilungele izixhobo ezifakelweyo.
- Iwadi engaphandle yephaneli yokupheka inomlo wokufakelwa kwe-49x60. I-thamba ingenza ngokuzimeleyo kumgangatho wokuqala.
- Kwiziko elo elahliweyo, iKhabhinethi ixhotywe nge-59,5x59.5.
- Ezinye izixhobo zombane zekhaya (i-Disshwayer kunye nomatshini wokuhlamba, ifriji, i-freezer) ifakwe ngaphakathi kwe-tumbur kunye nezezindlu eziya kuthi ga kwi-CM nganye, kwifriji mazibe ngumama omabini - Ukusuka kwi-1.5 ukuya kwi-3 cm, kwezinye iindlela, kukho ezinye iindlela zokungena ngokuchanekileyo kwiKhabhinethi.
- Kwiziko le-microwave, iKhabhinethi ikwindawo yokuphakama kwi-niche. Umva uvulekile okanye ucwangcise icebo ukusuka kwi-0.1 cm. Ukuphakama kweKhabhinethi kungaphantsi kwe-2 cm kune-microwave. Ke isiciko asiyi kwakhiwa kwaye sinokuvula ngokulula.
Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufumane ifanitshala yekhitshi emva kobungakanani bobukhulu (ukuphakama nobubanzi) bodonga kunye neekona. Khetha ukuphakama kweseti yentloko kwaye ucwangcise ukubekwa kwayo, ekunikezwe ukukhula komnini wekhitshi. Ii-cuisines ezisemgangathweni zenzelwe ukukhulisa umntu ophakathi, malunga ne-1.68 cm. Kubanini abaphantsi, iikhavathi ezixhonyiweyo zicebisa ukuba i-thenga iphantsi kakhulu kunenqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu kunenqanaba eliphantsi kakhulu kunenqanaba eliphantsi.
Nokuba injani indlela exhonywe ngayo iibhokisi zodonga, de indawo ephezulu inokufumaneka kuphela ngoncedo lweleli. Iikhabhathi ezinzulu zilungele, izitya kunye neemveliso ziya kulunga apha, kwaye zincinci okanye zakhiwe-kwizixhobo zekhaya. Kodwa ukuba iikhathera kwaye zime igumbi, kuya kufuneka ufumane ngononophelo ukukhetha ubungakanani. Ifanitshala yaseKikhi yenzeka:
- Ngaphandle (imile, iipensile);
- Udonga (hinged).
Umqolo ongezantsi
Iikhabhathi zangaphandle ziba yeyona ndawo iphambili yendawo yokusebenza. Bagcinwe kwizitya, iimveliso, izixhobo zekhaya zikhona. Bamele babe ngamandla kwaye bakwazi ukumelana nemithwalo yendawo yokusebenza.
Iparamitha esemgangathweni:
- Ukuphakama - 85 cm;
- Ubunzulu-46-60 cm;
- Ubungqingqwa betafile ephezulu yahluka ukusuka kwi-1.8 cm;
- Ububanzi bebala bungasukela ukusuka kwi-30 ukuya kwi-90 cm;
- Phakathi kweeshelfu zangaphakathi, umgama-ukusuka kwi-20 cm, kakhulu kakhulu - 40 cm;
- Ipensile inobude ukusuka kwi-150 ukuya kwi-230 cm ukuphakama, ubunzulu nobubanzi kwaye bubanzi bungahluka.
Iimpawu ezisezantsi zigutyungelwe ngetafile kwaye zixhotywe ngemilenze. Ukuphakama kwemilenze kunokuhlengahlengiswa. Kukho ivaliwe ngeengcango kwaye ivule iintlobo zeekhabhathi. Iipensile zisetyenziselwa itekhnoloji efakwe itekhnoloji, kukho imigangatho yeepenne ze-microwave kunye ne-oveni (i-60x59 cm), kwifriji efakelweyo (i-60x59 cm), ukuphakama kwempumlo kunokubakho.
Ubunzulu kunye nobubanzi befenitshala yomgangatho iyahluka: Iikhitshi ezikhulu ezikhethiweyo zenziwe nzulu kunye nekhabhathi ebanzi ukusuka kwi-90 ukuya kwi-120 cm Iinketho ezikhethiweyo ezincinci ezithandwayo zenzululwazi encinci, Kodwa ungaphantsi kwe-46 cm, kwidrawer, i-45 cm.
Musa ukucebisa ukuba benze umhlaba ungaphantsi kwe-45-50 cm, kwinkqubo yokupheka ifuna ukuba ibe yitafile enkulu.
I-cuntertop 60 cm ixhaphake kakhulu. Ubunzulu bekhabhaki enendawo yokusebenza ye-46 cm. Ifomathi encinci yebhulethi ayinakwenzeka, kuba uninzi lwezixhobo ezifakelweyo zihambelana kolu bukhulu. Ngaphandle kwezinto ezincinci ze-cuisines, apho ifanitshala enkulu iqhuba inkqubela phambili. Kwaye kule gumbi, iiplanga ezincinci kunye neepleyiti zegesi zikhethwe.
Kwi-cuisine exhaphakileyo, i-countertop ilungele ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90 cm, ubunzulu beebhokisi kule meko bunokwenzeka ukuya kwi-76 cm. ISiqithi embindini wekhitshi ibonelela ngokufikelela kwimigangatho emininzi yokusebenza kunye neekhabhathi.
Iya kuba njani ifenitshala yasekhitshi, iphi kwaye ithini, kucetyiswa ukuba kufunyanwe kwangaphambili ukunqanda ukumangaliswa okungathandekiyo kamva.
Iimodyuli eziphezulu
Kwisithuba seebhokisi eziphezulu, zigcinwa kungekuphela kwezitya, kodwa neemveliso neziqholo. Indlela yokugcina (i-microwave, umxube, iblender) inokubekwa kwiikhabhathi eziphezulu. Injongo yokusebenzisa iKhabhinethi yeKhabhinethi ichaphazela ukhetho loqwalaselo lwayo kunye nobungakanani:
- Ukuphakama ukusuka kwi-70 ukuya kwi-90 cm (umgama ukusuka kumgangatho ukuya esilimeni kumagumbi ahlukeneyo);
- Ubunzulu bungaphezulu kwe-30 cm, kodwa amaxesha ama-2 ubunzulu betyhubhu esezantsi;
- Ukuphakama kweekhavathi ezikhuselayo ukusuka kwi-180 ukuya kwi-250 cm (ngokufanelekileyo malunga ne-210 cm).
Ifenitshala esemgangathweni yenziwa isekwe kubude obuqhelekileyo bokutya kunye nokukhula komntu okuphakathi. Ewe kunjalo, kumagumbi amancinci alinganayo, iziseko ziphantsi, kwaye kwizindlu zabucala okanye kumagumbi e-stalin amplin, ukuphakama kwecala kungaphezulu kweemitha ezi-3. Ke, Ifenitshala ilunge ngakumbi ukukhetha kwaye ubeke ngokungqinelana neeparamitha zekhitshi nganye.
Ububanzi beekhabhathi ezixhonyiweyo kufuneka zihambelane nobubanzi bamabala amaqulane. Kwibhokisi yodonga ukusuka kumasheya asezantsi ukuya kumgama ongaphezulu, yi-45 cm. Beka ii-hobs zinokubekwa ngaphezulu ukuba ukukhula komnini kungaphezulu komndilili. Akucetyiswa ukuba uxhonywe phantsi kwezantsi kwaphela, idala ingxaki xa usebenzisa indawo yokusebenza.
Izakhiwo zekona
Iikhitshi ezincinci zikhetha ukufaka i-angcular entloko. Bavela kwiikhabhathi ze-angler kunye neekhabhathi. Banoxande, enye yezi candelo aya kungabikho ukusetyenziswa, okanye ngohlobo lwe-Rhombs (ngeengcango ezimbini okanye enye). Ngokubekwa kwezi bhokisi kunye ne-tumb Ikona isetyenziswa kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
Xa ukhetha, le milinganiselo ilandelayo ithathela ingqalelo:
- Iseti yentloko yokuphakama - ukusuka kwi-180 ukuya kwi-250 cm;
- Ubunzulu beedreyithi - ukusuka kwi-30 (ephezulu) ukuya kwi-50 (yezantsi) cm;
- Ububanzi - ukusuka kwi-30 ukuya kwi-40 cm;
- Ububanzi bomphezulu wokusebenza wetafile ephezulu awungabi ngaphantsi kwe-46 cm.
Amacandelo ama-Angular ngokwakhe ahluka kwifomathi yokuphumla, kwaye iikona ezisezantsi zibe nobungakanani obukhulu kwiibhokisi eziqhotyoshelweyo.
IKhabhinethi yangaphandle:
- ukuhlamba okanye eqhelekileyo, kumacala angama-85-98 cm (inokuba yi-110-130 cm);
- Ububanzi beendonga eziguqukele kwiindawo ezikufuphi ne-50-60 cm;
- I-angle yeKhabhinethi iqhubekile (i-47 cm) kunye nekona (56x56 cm);
- Iiparamitha ze-angular ezingama-37-50 cm ngaseludongeni, evulekileyo yecala le-17-25 cm, ububanzi bomnyango zii-30-34 cm.
Iikhabhathi ezincinci ezinamathele kungqengqelo:
- emacaleni kwiKhabhinethi ye-Angila-55-60 cm;
- Iindonga ezikufuphi neekhabhathi ezikufuphi nobude obuyi-30-35 cm;
- Ububanzi bokugawulwa kwebala - 38 cm;
- isikithi sangaphakathi (ukuba ikhona) - i-10-16 cm;
- I-Angle yangaphakathi - 28x28 cm, kodwa mhlawumbi ngaphezulu, kuxhomekeka kubunzulu bekhabhathi.
Unokubala njani iiparameter?
Ngaphambi kokuqala ukuqokelela nokubeka ifanitshala, yenza imilinganiselo yokuphakama kunye nobubanzi bekhitshi. Ukuzoba umzobo ngesicwangciso kwaye wenze ubungakanani obufanelekileyo apho, banikwa iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo, umzekelo, umgama ukusuka kwifestile eludongeni kunye nokuphakama ukusuka kwifestile. Kucetyiswa ukuqwalasela zonke iinketho zokufakelwa, ngakumbi ukuba ikhitshi lincinci kakhulu. Ungazifaka zonke iiparamitha kwiprogram ekhethekileyo ye-3D kwaye wenze uphawu olufanelekileyo kuyo.
Cwangcisa indlela yokwenza iikhabhathi zekhitshi, zibala imilinganiselo yazo yokuyilwa kwe-ergonomic yendawo yekhitshi kunye nokusasazwa kwendawo yokusebenza.
Xa ubala, uthathele ingqalelo:
- I-APron Square (indawo phakathi komsebenzi kunye neekhavathi ezifakelwe);
- ukuphakama kwephenyani;
- Ubungakanani bekhitshi kunye nesakhiwo;
- Ubungakanani bezixhobo zekhaya;
- Indawo yegridi yamandla, ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi, umoya ovuthuzayo.
Ikhitshi esemgangathweni iseti idala ukubalwa kokucwangciswa kwendawo yokuhlala eqhelekileyo. Imilinganiselo yefanitshala egqityiweyo yemveliso eyahlukileyo ineempawu ezifanayo.
Iiseti zefanitshala zezi:
- imodyuli;
- Eyakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Iikhabhathi zihlala zixhotyiswe ngezixhobo ezizodwa: Ukugcina izitya, ukubeka iipleyiti ezomileyo, ngokuhombisa ikholamu yokuphelisa okanye igesi, kunye nokuhamba kwezixhobo zekhaya. Ifenitshala yemodyuli yenziwa ngamacandelo enziwe ngokugqibeleleyo: Kukho imixokelelwane yeTebhu yeTebhulethi, izikhwezi, iiwadi eziphantsi kwe-Sink, iqhutywa ngeengcango ezivulekileyo kunye neemodeli ezimbini okanye zangaphandle zekona.
Iibhloko zingaguqulwa kwiindawo ezingafakwanga, zidibanisa naluphi na ulandelelwano. Icandelo elonakeleyo linokutshintshwa okanye, ukuba kukho imfuneko, susa konke. Kulula ukuthabatha iikhabhathi phantsi kwe-sink, yomiso lomiso, izixhobo zekhaya. Kubalulekile ukuba ungaphazamisi ngobukhulu. Isitovu segesi kwaye ifriji ayihambelani kwicandelo lemodyuli, kwaye libekwe ngokwahlukeneyo.
Ifenitshala eyakhiwe yifani ziiprojekthi ezingezizo eziqhele ukulubandakanya ufakelo kwicandelo lezixhobo zekhaya ezikhethekileyo ezigubungela i-heades. Yakha iikhabhathi kunye neekhabhathi ngokobukhulu bomntu, zinikwe isicwangciso sekhitshi kunye neminqweno yomniniyo.
Ukuphakama
Kwikhabhathi yeKhitshi yeKhitshi kunye ne-Tumbers ngokwemigangatho-85 cm. Ihlala iluncedo lwemilenze, unokuhlengahlengisa indawo yetafile. Kubantu abakhulayo okwahlukileyo, kukhekisa ngokukodwa ukuphakama kwendawo yokusebenza kunye nokuqhutywa kodonga. Ukuphakama kwebhokisi ye-Hinged ivela kwi-70 cm, kwaye yayiyibeka ukuze isiphatho kunye neshelufa esezantsi iya kufika ngokulula isandla.
Ubunzulu
Ukuma kumgangatho wobunzulu obunzulu-60 cm, kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubukhulu bayo, kwaye ngaphandle kwayo - i-46 cm. Imilinganiselo engeyiyo i-120 ne-90 cm. I-90 cm. Ezi parameter zithathela ingqalelo inxenye yetafile Phezulu 3-5 ngaphandle kunye ne-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5 ukuya kwezi-5.
Ukubala ubunzulu beebhokisi, ubukhulu bendlela yokufumana idatha kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo: Kwisitya sokuhlambela - i-500 mm, ngenxa yoko, ubungakanani be-faades kuya kuba yi-565 mm ye iphantsi ne-320 mm kwiikhatile eziphezulu.
Kwikhabhathi ekhuselweyo, ubunzulu buya kuba yi-30 cm. Inketho enzulu yokungayifaka indawo yokusebenza, imizobo ye-Bulky Wall iya kuxhonywa ngaphezulu kwetafile ephezulu kwaye idale ukungonwabi. Kwimicrowave kunye nezomileyo, ubunzulu bunokuba yi-40 cm.
Ububanzi
Ngobubanzi, iibhokisi zomgangatho kufuneka zihambelane nale paramitha zilandelayo (ubungakanani zibonisiwe kwiisentimitha):
- I-30-50 yekhabinet enye;
- I-60-90 yomgangatho kunye neminyango emibini;
- Ikhabhathi yekona kwi-faide isuka kwi-45 cm.
UMGAQO WOKUGQIBELA WOKUGQIBELA
Ngokwalo mthetho, kunokwenzeka ukuba i-ergonomically ithumele ifriji, ukuhlamba, isitovu. Ukongeza, izixhobo zombane zekhaya ezifunekayo ukusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla ziyafakiwe. Ivenkile inikezela ngefanitshala, umgangatho weeparamitha, ngokukhetha ulwimi oluchanekileyo kunye nelungiselelo onokuthi ulwenze iimeko ezifanelekileyo ekhitshini. Ukwenza isicwangciso sokubeka ifanitshala ekhitshini ekhitshini, kufuneka uqaphele:
- indlela yokugqibela yegumbi;
- Ukhetho lwabanini;
- ukusebenza;
- Ukubekwa kwempahla yokuhlamba, iipleyiti kunye nezixhobo zekhaya.
Ngokwesiko kuyakholelwa ukuba Indawo yokugcina iimveliso, indawo yokuhlamba izitya kunye nokupheka kufuneka zenze ii-vertices zonxantathu, ngokwenza oko kuqhubela inkqubo yokuqhubekisa kunye neemveliso zokupheka. Ifriji, isinki kunye nomphezulu wokupheka (okanye i-oveni) ifakwe ngendlela yokuba ihlala ikho ukufikelela ngokulula, kwaye umgama phakathi kwabo wayengaphezulu kwe-2.7 yeemitha. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ube nonxantathu ogqibeleleyo.
- Kwikhitshi elinye elinye kukho ukuhlamba phakathi kwesitovu kunye nefriji. Ukuba kukho ithuba, ifriji iqhutywa kumqolo opheleleyo kwaye wabeka kwelinye icala.
- Ekhithi, apho ifenitshala ikwimigca emi-2, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ibeka i-verices yonxantathu kuwo omabini amacandelo. Kwelinye icala, ukuhlamba kunye nesitovu, kunye nefriji okanye ifriji okanye ifriji ngenxalenye enye, kunye neplate kwenye.
- Ubume be-fashion yenza ukuba kwenzeke kwindawo eqhubekayo. Bacebisa ngamacala ukuya kubeka isitovu kunye nefriji, nakwizimbindi - ukuhlamba. Njengokuziqhelanisa nemisebenzi, yibeka isitovu, i-sink kunye nefriji ekhitshini kolu hlobo lunokuba kukhetho ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
- Ikhitshi le-P-le-P-Deped linemigca emi-3 yeekhabhathi, kunye noqwalaselo olunjalo, ukuhlamba kwemoto kulunge ngakumbi ukubeka kumqolo ophakathi, kunye nemimandla emiselweyo kumacala ahlukileyo.
- Kwikhitshi lesiqithi, kungcono ukucwangcisa umphezulu wokupheka kwesi siqithi, kwelinye icala, faka isinki nefrijini. Ungazitshintsha iindawo ezihamba nezixhobo.
Kwindawo efanelekileyo, unxantathu osebenzayo unamaqela alinganayo. Ubukho ekhitshini kubantu ababini abanolungelelwaniso olungalunganga lweendawo ezibalulekileyo luya kukhokelela ekungcoleni kwaye kungakhuselekanga.
I-Bliaprices
Ngokujonga ngenyameko imizobo eyahlukeneyo iphawuleka ukuba ubude bufanele ukuba bube phakathi kweentloko zenxantathu yokusebenza, kunokulingana nezandla zambini. Kwinkqubo yokulungiselela, ngaphandle kokuhlamba, iipleyiti, iifriji, sebenzisa iikhabhathi ezininzi kunye nemigangatho yomsebenzi. Ngexesha locwangciso kunye nokubekwa kwefanitshala, ukubekwa kwezixhobo Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza ukubalwa okuthembekileyo kunye nokucwangcisa into nganye ekhitshini kwindawo efikelela kuyo.
Imisele engaphandle ayifanele ithintela igumbi kunye nokufikelela kuzo zonke iindawo ezisebenzayo. Izitshixo ezixhonyiweyo ziya kuhlalisa izitya kunye neemveliso, zibekwe kwindawo entle kwaye xa ivula ayiphazamisi inkqubo yokupheka kunye nokuhamba.
Iiparamitha zesekethe zekhitshini ikhethwe kuthathelwa ingqalelo ubungakanani kunye nendawo yegumbi, indawo yeewindows, iingcango, umoya, igridi yamandla kunye nokunikezelwa kwamandla.
Xa usenza iskimu sokufakwa, i-headset ekhitshini yenza isigqibo malunga nendlela ifanitshala, izixhobo zombane zasekhaya, ukuhlamba, isitovu siya kubeka ifomathi yazo zonke izinto ezidwelisiweyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukususa imilinganiselo ngqo kwaye inyule zonke iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo kumzobo. Ukwenza umzobo wakho, kubalulekile ukugxila kwizingalo ezikhoyo ezisele zinobukhulu.
Kwi-engle kitchen, kuyacetyiswa ukuba iqale umzobo ngekhabhathi ye-angular, emva koko izobe iikhabhathi ezisele zisele zinezixhobo zekhaya, kwaye emva koko kunamathisela kwaye kungaphantsi komhlaba. Ikhitshi lendlela eyahlukileyo ineyantlukwano yawo, i-lles, iikona, ukungcungcutheka okanye ukususa, iindawo ezinqamlezileyo. Kwezo ndawo injalo, iwadi ethengwayo kwivenkile ihlengahlengiswa ngokuzimeleyo.
Okanye enze uku-odola ngokuchaza ubumbeko olufunwayo efanelekileyo kwifomathi yekhitshi. Ukususwa eludongeni kuthintela isikhundla setyhubhu esemgangathweni, kodwa ubunzulu bunokuncitshiswa ngokwenza imilinganiselo kunye nebhokisi enqunyulweyo. Ifanitshala yendawo yokuhlala eNiche yandisa ubunzulu be-niche ngokwayo.
Ukuba iikhabhathi zikwindawo ekwindawo yombane okanye imibhobho yotywina, kufuneka ushiye ezi zinto ngokufika simahla. Umzobo usetyenziswa iNkqubo yeNdawo kwaye, ukudala iprojekthi yekhitshi yexesha elizayo, itsala indawo yayo kumgca onamachaphaza. Xa ufaka iseti yentloko, inxenye yeendonga zekhabhathi yomntu ngamnye inokususwa kwaye uyisebenzise ngokukhululekileyo, ukufumana kunye nokufikelela ngokulula kwimibhobho yempompo.
Bona Okuninzi.