Umbane ngumqeshwa onoxanduva lokufakwa kunye nokuseta okufanelekileyo kweenkqubo zombane kwizakhiwo zokuhlala, ezorhwebo nezorhwebo. Ukusebenza koncedo lombane lwezakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo, umgangatho wokuveliswa kwezixhobo zombane zokusebenza ngokubhekisele ngqo kuxhomekeke kubuchule bolu lungcali.
Oku kuyinyani kwaye kwangaxeshanye umsebenzi onoxanduva. Kuvavanyo lwethu siza kugxininisa ngakumbi kwimisebenzi yengcali yolu lwazi, izinto ezifunekayo kunye nezinto eziluncedo kulungelelwaniso kunye neempawu ezifanelekileyo.
Inkcazo
Umsebenzi wombane unembali ende-ivela nokuba ngelo xesha apho umbane waqhekeza ebomini boluntu. Abafakeli bokuqala eRussia bavela eSt. Ukusukela ngoko, umbane sele uqinisekisa ngokuqinileyo ebomini bomntu ngamnye, akukho sakhiwo nolwakhiwo, akukho mveliso, igumbi, indawo yokugcina izinto, ngaphandle kwawo.
Inkqubo yokubonelela ngombane, kunye nenani elikhulu lezixhobo ezisebenza kwi-Outlet yoMbane, ifumaneka phantse kwiziko ngalinye lolwakhiwo. Kunjalo ngoba Umsebenzi wombane unyanzeliswa namhlanje.
Lo msebenzi unokuzibandakanya kwintambo kunye nemigca yomoya, ufakelo, ukugunyazisa kunye nomxholo wesixhobo sombane, kunye nokulungiswa kwamacandelo anempazamo yegridi yamandla.
Kuxhomekeka kwimisebenzi esebenzayo eyabelwe ingcali, umsebenzi wayo kwiziko luhlala luhleli xa kufanelekile ukuba lube gwenxa kwezixhobo zombane, okanye zethutyana ukuba lithathe indawo yokusebenza . Kwenzeka ukuba ukufakelwa kombane kuchithwa kwi-EPIISOIRAL-ukwenza ulungiso kwimeko yesithuthi esileleyo.
Umbane yingcali eqeqeshekileyo, inoxanduva lokufaka iinkqubo eziphakathi eziqhutywa ngumbane ukusuka kwi-verators ukuya kumthengi ogqityiweyo. Oku kubandakanya ukufakelwa kweemoto zombane, abaguquli, bakhokele itekisi kwaye ngaphezulu. Ufakelo lombane lusebenza kwimixokelelwane yesekondari, kunye neenkqubo eziphantsi zangoku, uthungelwano olukhanyisayo, izixhobo zeSakathi kunye nezixhobo zokuhambisa.
Njengawo nawuphi na omnye umsebenzi Umsebenzi woomatshini wombane unezibonelelo zayo kunye nezinto ezingalunganga. Eyona nto iphambili yomsebenzi Imfuno enkulu. Kule mihla, abasebenzi beli nqanaba bayadingeka kuzo zonke iindawo zomsebenzi obalulekileyo kunye necandelo lemveliso. Iinkonzo zabo ziyafuneka Ukuqaliswa kwezixhobo zetekhnoloji ephezulu, izindlu kunye neenkonzo zoluntu, iinkampani zobunjineli. Ibango leengcali ezifanayo likhulu khuseleko nakwiinkonzo zomlilo.
Imfuno ephezulu yokufakelwa kombane ofanelekileyo ibangela ukuba kwinqanaba eliphezulu lomvuzo. Abaqeshi bakulungele ukuhlawula iingcali zetyala labo kakhulu imivuzo - ufakelo lombane kwilizwe lethu bafumana malunga nama-50-60 amawaka. Kwangelo xesha, impumelelo enobuchule, inqwenela ukuya kwinqanaba eliphezulu lezinto eziphathekayo, hlala unethuba lokufumana ingeniso eyongezelelweyo, ukubonelela ngeenkonzo zabo kuluntu. Ngendlela, ukubakho kokubonelela ngeenkonzo ezinjalo kunika isiseko sokukhankanya kunye nengeniso enye- Umbane unxibelelana nenani elikhulu labantu, ihlala inomdla kakhulu - Ke ngoko, luphawu lonxibelelwano "oluluncedo" kwaye lunokuhlala lubhekisa kubo ngoncedo xa kukho imfuneko.
Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi unemizuzu yayo. Akunakwenzeka ukuba uye kudlula isibakala sokuba xa usebenza kumgangatho ongafanelekanga, umbane usemngciphekweni wedwa, kodwa nabanye abantu. Kungenxa yoko le nto umbane emsebenzini wawo kufuneka athobele ngokupheleleyo imithetho yokhuseleko, enze ulawulo ngononophelo kuwo onke amabakala ofakelo kunye nomsebenzi wokulungisa. Gcinga ezingqondweni - Ukuba impazamo yokufakelwa kombane iya koyiswa kukubetha kombane, lo msebenzi uya kuthwala uxanduva lwakho, ukuya kulwaphulo-mthetho.
Iimeko zombane zofakimo yombane azinakubizwa ngokuba zikhululekile-Rhoqo aba basebenzi banyanzelwa ukuba benze imisebenzi yabo ngokomgangatho oqikelekileyo, ngaphandle kwemozulu esitratweni, kunye nobushushu behlobo. Nokuba wonke umsebenzi wenziwe kwisakhiwo, ukufakelwa kombane kuhlala kulungisa inani leengxaki ezahlukeneyo, umzekelo, uzibandakanya ekuhambeni kwezixhobo zombane, ubunzima obuhlanganisiweyo. I-SCOCT YOBUCHULE BANGABONAKALA
Ke, kwimeko yayo nayiphi na ingozi, ufakelo lombane kwindawo yokuqala ukuya kwindawo yexakeka yokuphelisa ukwahluka-oku kungenzeka kuphela kwiiyure zomsebenzi, kodwa nasemini ngeempelaveki.
Ukukhutshwa
Ukuba kumaxesha aphesheya, imisebenzi esebenzayo yokufakelwa kombane yayingafaniyo neyantlukwano enkulu kwaye incitshisiwe ukuba yakha igridi yamandla elula, ezi ngcali zinokwenza umsebenzi wobubanzi obubanzi - Zonke zijolise ekunikezeleni abasebenzisi ngenani elifanelekileyo lombane. . Uluhlu lwemisebenzi esebenza enye okanye enye ingcali enokwenza igqitywe kukukhutshwa kwayo.
Umzekelo, ufakelo lombane lwe-3 lokukhutshwa lungavunyelwa ukuba lusebenze ngezixhobo zombane zingabi ngaphezu kwe-10 kw. Ingcali enekhowudi yokufikelela eyi-5 ifumana ilungelo lokusebenza kunye nezixhobo ngaphezulu kwe-20 kw, kubandakanya ukufakwa kwezityalo zamandla ezinamandla, kunye nokufunyanwa kombane okhethekileyo kunye nokuguqulwa kwamandla.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuhlala sikhumbula ukuba, ngaphandle kodidi lwengcali, uxanduva oluphambili lomntu wonke ofakelweyo ukuba athobele ngokuchanekileyo imigaqo-nkqubo yokhuseleko.
Yintoni eyahlukileyo kumbane?
Uninzi lwaludanisa ukusebenza kombane kunye nemisebenzi yombane. Zombini kunye nezinye iingcali zisebenza ngeegridi zamandla, oku kufakelwa ukufana. Ukuba ukhetha ngokufutshane malunga nomahluko phakathi kwezi ziko lemfundo, umshicileli wombane wenza isithuba se-wiring kwigumbi okanye endaweni yombane ekupheleni komsebenzi we-wiring. Umsebenzi ngamnye "ololoyo" phantsi kweqela elithile lezakhono ezifanelekileyo kuluhlu oluthile lwemisebenzi.
Umzekelo, I-fitution yombane igxile . Yenza ukudalwa kweprojekthi yombane ye-wiring kwinto, uyila umkhondo wentambo, usondela inkqubo yokukhanya, kunye nenethiwekhi yeSyket. Emsebenzini wakhe, le ngcali kufuneka kuqala ithathele ingqalelo indlela ezilula kwaye isebenza ngayo ukusebenza kwegridi yamandla kunye nendlela kwaye abasebenzisi abaKhuselekileyo kwaye bazokufikelela ngayo kwizinto ezisisiseko zombane. Ucwangcisa wonke umsebenzi wakhe, ethathela ingqalelo isicwangciso soNxibelelwano loNxibelelwano Lunye (ukwenza amanzi, ukuhambisa amanzi, umoya, njl. Njl.).
Umbane, wathi, "Ubukhali" phantsi kokugcinwa kwegridi yamandla. Imfundiso yayo esemthethweni iquka ukutshintsha i-switches ezilahlekileyo kunye neziseko, ukulungiswa kwexabiso lokucoca umbane, izenzo ezilula zokuhlaziywa kwayo, iringi yesekethe. Oko kukuthi, injongo yayo kukugcina i-wiring kwinkqubo yokusebenza kunye nokuthintela ukubonakala kwesahlulo saso. Ukusuka kolu ngcali ayifuni ukuqulunqwa kwezicwangciso-kufuneka ichonge ikhaka kwikhaka, kufuneka limisele iingxaki, kwaye ukuqhwanyaza kwebhalbhu yokukhanya ukumisela ukungasebenzi kakuhle.
Kwenzeka ukuba umbane akakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wombane kunye ne-vice verda. Ewe kunjalo, kusoloko kukho iingcali zendalo. Kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi Imisebenzi ephambili isamiselwe phantsi kweentlobo zezinto ezithile zobungcali. Ngapha koko, kwanesixhobo sombane kunye nombane sahlukile. Ke, iseti yezixhobo ezifunekayo ukwenza umsebenzi wayo ngombane uya kuhlala kwindawo yakho - ifuna iixhoba, ukucocwa, izicoci, i-vaplaum, kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zezixhobo. Umbane yiyo yonke into ayifunayo, inxiba kwityesi encinci egxalabeni.
Uxanduva
Kwi-ETK, imisebenzi ephambili yabasebenzi yofakelo lombane isekiwe. Uxanduva lwale ngcali lubandakanya:
- Ukulungiswa kwezixhobo zombane, izixhobo, kunye nezixhobo ezinokuthengiswa, ezongezelelweyo kunye nezixhobo ezongeziweyo (kuya kufuneka khona ukuba umsebenzi uza kwenziwa kwinqanaba elibonakalayo okanye, phantsi komhlaba) lokwenza ufakelo lwenkqubo yombane;
- Ukuphunyezwa kokuhamba ngokuhamba ngokunyanzelwa kwemigaqo yokhuseleko;
- Ukufakwa kweenkqubo zombane kunye nezixhobo ngokuhambelana neeprojekthi ezivunyiweyo;
- ukumiselwa kweenkqubo zombane, ukulinganisa, kunye nolwakhiwo lovavanyo;
- ukupheliswa kwemiphumo enobungozi kunye namafutha othungelwano lombane ngexesha elifutshane;
- Ukubeka iliso kokuchaneka kokusebenza kwezixhobo zombane, kunye nokuhambelana nabasebenzisi be-TB ngexesha lokusebenza kwabo;
- Ukufaka imithombo yamandla e-Backup kwimeko ukuba kuya kubakho ukuphazamiseka kumgca ophambili wamandla.
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba umbane ubhekisa kwiqela lezinto zomsebenzi zomsebenzi kwaye ngamanye amaxesha yenza imisebenzi yabasebenzi phantsi komhlaba okanye kwindawo eqinileyo, nangona kunjalo akuyi kwenza ngawo udidi lomsebenzi. Umsebenzi okrelekrele kule meko ubalulekile njengokwenziwa kwawo onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo.
Ukufakelwa kombane oqeqeshiweyo rhoqo kuqala kucinga ngokucokisekileyo malunga nengxaki ekufuneka yenziwe, kwaye emva koko ke ubasebenze.
Iimfuneko
Ngaphandle kwendawo
Ngokungqinelana ne-profeso yangoku, ukuze kuzalisekise izibophelelo zombane, Umenzi-sicelo kwisikhundla kufuneka abe nezakhono ezilandelayo:
- Amava okulungisa kunye nokugcinwa kwezixhobo zombane;
- amava kwicandelo lolondolozo lweenkqubo zombane;
- Amava okulawula ngokusebenza kwezixhobo zombane;
- izakhono zokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweyunithi yemveliso;
- Amava okuphatha iinkqubo zamandla.
Olu lwazi kufuneka lwazi imigaqo kunye nemigangatho yokhuseleko kwaye ukwazi ukulawula ukubulawa kwazo.
Intlobo zobuwena
Kuya kufuneka ukuba ifundwe ukuba ukusebenza kombane kukwinqanaba lenye yempilo kunye nobomi obunengozi. Yiyo loo nto ingcali esebenza ngombane kufuneka inoxanduva kakhulu, ilumkele kakhulu kwaye icoceke kakhulu. Ukongeza, kuba ukufakelwa kombane kuya kufuneka kusebenze kubume bemveliso bhidiga, Emva koko ukuzalisekisa uxanduva lwabo oluphambili kuya kubanceda bancede iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zobuqu njenge:
- uxinzelelo loxinzelelo;
- ubuhlobo;
- I-Sulariaricy;
- Ukuqwalaselwa kweenkcukacha;
- ukunyamezelana;
- ukukwazi ukufumana izisombululo zokulalanisa;
- Intsebenzo;
- ukukwazi ukugxila;
- Umhlaza wezobugcisa.
Qaphela ukuba amadoda ahlukaniswa phakathi kweengcali zombane. Iphantse ayinangqondo ukudibana nabafazi kwesi sikhundla. Oku kucacisiwe kakhulu - umsebenzi wale ngcali uthathwa njengelukhuni, ke ayingabo bonke abantu abadala kunye nabantu abasempilweni banokuhlangabezana nayo.
Vumelani ukuba, umzekelo, ukulungisa umgca kwindlela ye-10 m ngemozulu embi kakhulu inokuba ngamadoda amabi kakhulu kwaye anamandla, awoyikiyo ngokulungelelanisa ukuphakama.
Uqeqesho kunye nekhondo lomsebenzi
Ukuze ube ngumbane, akukho mfuneko yokufumana iMfundo ePhakamileyo, eyona iphambili. Ngaphezu koko, inokuba sisiseko okanye sinzulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukulungiswa kweengcali ezinxulumene ngandlela ithile ngokuhambelana nale profayile kwaye inike ulwazi olufanelekileyo, lukhulu. Umbane wexesha elizayo unokuqeqeshwa kwezi nkqubo zilandelayo:
- ubunjineli bombane kunye namandla ombane;
- Izixhobo zombane zombane kunye negridi yamandla;
- Umthetho wombane;
- Ukufakwa kunye nokugunyazisa izixhobo zombane zezakhiwo zaseburhulumenteni nezomzi mveliso.
Ngamanye amagama, kufuneka sijonge ukuba loluphi uhlobo lweendawo ezinxulumene nazo zinikwa izikolo zobugcisa kunye neekholeji kwindawo yokuhlala, kwaye zenze ukhetho lweenkqubo ezicetywayo. Ngokwesiqhelo, uqeqesho lwenziwe ngesiseko seminyaka eli-9 okanye eli-11 yesikolo. Ngokuhambelana, ihlala isuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-4 iminyaka, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufundele ngosuku kunye nefom engaqhelekanga.
Ukwamkelwa kwiDSSSS, akunyanzelekanga ukuba kuthatha iimviwo-kwindawo ephakathi yesatifikethi.
Indawo yomsebenzi kunye nomvuzo
Ngapha koko, irekhoda yombane inokuzibona njengengcali apho kufuneka khona umsebenzisi wobuchwephesha, owazisa ngokwenza, ukuqeshiswa, ukusebenza nokulungiswa kwe-throcraft. Ezi zihlala zidla ngokwezinto zokwakha, ii-hoas kunye neenkampani zolawulo kwiZindlu kunye neeNkonzo zoLuntu, amashishini abonelela ngeenkonzo zokulungisa. Ubungakanani bemali yokufakwa kombane bufanelwa ngqo kuxhomekeke kwimisebenzi emininzi eyenzayo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ingcali yobuchule kule ntsimi inethuba ngalinye lokukhusela inqanaba elifanelekileyo lomvuzo wemivuzo.
Ukuba sixhomekeke kwezi ndawo zokuqeshwa, ngoko ke ingqumbo yombane kwilizwe lethu iyahluka ukusuka kwi-25 ukuya kwi-100 lamawaka ruble, ngelixa imimandla yeMetropolitan iqala kuma-40 amabhobo. Ukuba ifunwa, ingcali eyenziwa ngumsebenzi wombane inokunyusa inqanaba layo lobuchule kwaye ilungele umvuzo ophezulu.
Kwakhona, emva kweminyaka eliqela yomsebenzi, inokungena eyunivesithi, ukufumana imfundo ephakamileyo kunye nombulelo kwezi ziphumo zokuthatha isikhundla okanye injineli ye-KIPIA kwinkampani, apho isebenza khona inkampani yayo .
Malunga nokuba ngubani onombane nento ayenzayo, jonga kule vidiyo ilandelayo.