Kwaye ubusazi ukuba i-neurobiologists yebinzana "ndinenkumbulo embi kakhulu" ithetha into "endiyivila kakhulu ukuya ejimini, ke ndigcwele"? Kwaye konke ngenxa yememori yinto efana nemisipha, enokwenziwa kwaye ifakwe. Ayinakuba yinto embi okanye ilunge - inokuba livila kuphela okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, abantu abasebenza nzima.
Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngendlela ekhaya yokuphuhlisa inkumbulo yakho, siya kunika iingcebiso ngokuphucula kwaye sinike imizekelo yemithambo eluncedo.
Imisebenzi elula
Ukuze uqalise ithiyori kancinane. Ixesha elide, inkumbulo yayigqalwa into efana ifayile ikhadi elikhulu, kunye nenkqubo yayo buthathaka ekuhambeni kwexesha lathelekiswa kunye ebunayo inki. Kule mihla, le ndlela iye ilahlekelwe ukufaneleka kwayo, kuba Iqondakale ukuba akukho mntu-sicwangciso-nye-kuphela kwengqondo enoxanduva lokukhumbula ulwazi kunye nokuveliswa kwalo.
Iindlela zeMemori Izazinzulu azizifungi ngokupheleleyo kude kube sekupheleni. Into kuphela bayavuma ukuba Lo msebenzi wengqondo yethu unokuphuhliswa ngendlela efanayo nabo bonke abanye abantu. Abacinga amandulo abangamaGrike babezibandakanya kule ngxaki, kwaye uninzi lwezilolonga ezivulelweyo lwafikelela kwishumi leminyaka kumawaka eminyaka.
Sizisa ingqalelo yakho kwezona ndlela zithandwayo zoqeqesho lweenkqubo zengqondo, ezithi, eziklasi rhoqo, ziya kukuvumela ukuba unyuse ngokukhawuleza isantya kunye nomgangatho wokukhumbula idatha oyifunayo.
Iipuzzle ngokuyalelwa
Eyona ndlela ilula kwaye inomdla kakhulu, sisiqhele ukususela ebuntwaneni, ngaba iipuzzle zinokwazi ukwahlula. Nantsi indoda Imifanekiso inikezelwa malunga nemizobo efanayo eboniswayo, kodwa ngeyantlukwano encinci . Kubantwana kunye nabantu abadala, imisebenzi inokwahluka-olona phawu lulunge, inani lezinto ezikhoyo lingadluli kangange-10, kwaye uninzi lwemifanekiso inikwa abantu abadala kunye nenani Umahluko uyanda.Imibongo kunye neengoma
Ukususela beselula, abantwana bafundiswa kwimibongo ngentloko kunye neetekisi. Le ikhono kufuneka rhoqo noqeqesho, nokuba inkqubo yesikolo ifuna akukho uqhubeka imisebenzi enjalo. Xa umntu edla ngokukhumbula imibongo emincinci okanye iingoma ezinesingqisho, emva koko ngokukhawuleza kwenkumbulo.
Ewe kunjalo, kulula kakhulu ukusebenza ngezixhobo ezinomdla, nangona kunjalo, abantwana besikolo besakufanele ukuba bathathele ingqalelo ulwazi, indlela enye okanye enye, iya kunxulunyaniswa nenkqubo yemfundo.
magama ukubhala
magama Ukubhala uhlobene ngoko nangoko Uninzi lokuzilolonga.
- Eyokuqala ivumela imemori ye-pumple . Kuya kufuneka uthathe iphepha kwaye ubhale amagama ali-10 ukuya kwengama-20 kuyo, ufunde kwakhona amaxesha ali-10, kuqala ngokuvakalayo, aze emva koko. Emva koko, iphepha kufuneka lijike lize libhale yonke into oyikhumbulayo. Ngokuthe ngcembe, umsebenzi unokuqhwaba kwaye ubhale la magama ngokulandelelana kwazo ekuqaleni. Inguqulelo enzima nangakumbi yale misebenzi ngumsebenzi wokuvelisa onke amagama kwimemoji yealfabhethi.
- Ukuzilolonga okwesibini kunokubonakala kudlala: Kuya kufuneka uze namagama kunobumba ngamnye onobumba . Lo msebenzi ufanelekile, okoko kwinkqubo yokuphunyezwa kwayo, ubuchopho bomntu buqhubeka ukufikelela kumagama amaninzi alityeleyo. Ke, isebenza ngamakhonkco phakathi kweeseli ze-nerve, ngaphandle kwesisombululo salo msebenzi sikwimeko "yokulala".
- Lo msebenzi ufana nomdlalo owaziwayo xa Umdlali ngamnye makaze neLizwi, Ukuqala ngeleta, ephelisa igama elithethwe ngumdlali wangaphambili. Dlala nabantwana bakho ngemizuzu eli-10 ukuya kweli-15 ngosuku kwaye uqinisekisiwe ukuphucula umgangatho wememori yakho.
Ukutshintsha
Ukuhlawulwa kwakhona yisakhono esiluncedo kakhulu esincedayo ukuqeqesha ukufundela, intetho kwaye, inkumbulo. Nabani na onengxaki yokukhumbula, Kuya kufuneka uqale unike imihlathana encinci ukuba ifundwe, emva koko kufuneka ibuyisele . Ngokuthe ngcembe, ungafudukela kulwazi olukhulu.Ngokubanzi, ukubalisa kwakhona iincwadi, amabali kunye neetekisi ivumela kuphela ukuba ukuqeqesha inkqubo nokucengceleza ebuchotsheni, kodwa kwenza kube lula ukufunda ulwazi olutsha umdla, cinga nokucamngca ngezihloko ezibalulekileyo.
"Buyela umva"
Indlela efanelekileyo efanelekileyo inokusetyenziswa kwiminyaka yokuqala. Ujolise kwi Ukuphuhlisa inkumbulo yexesha elifutshane . Lo msebenzi uza phantsi into yokuba iimfuno umntu ukuba ukukhumbula amagama amathathu alula ukusuka 2-3 amalungu, uze bazipha ngendlela reverse. Ngokuthe ngcembe, umsebenzi unokuqhutywa ngamagama, emva koko udlulise amabinzana kunye nokunikezelwa okude.
Ukucinga komzimba
Ukuba unenjongo yokuphucula umgangatho we-RAM yakho, ke akunakwenzeka ukuba uyenze ngaphandle kwamanqaku athile kwireferensi, engayi kuvunyelwa ukuba ilahlekelwe kuko konke iinkqubo zenza zonke iinkqubo zengcinga ezenzekayo entloko. Ayisiyo nje ixesha elichithwe kulo msebenzi, kodwa nokuqonda okona kubaluleke kakhulu kwe-mnemonics kuchaphazela umsebenzi wobuchopho. Yiyo loo nto igalelo elikhulu ekuphuculeni imemori yomntu unokwenza umthambo, enye okanye enye ehambelana nokucinga.
Njengoko uyazi, umntu unokuzikhumbuza izinto ezicacileyo kuye: ukuthetha ngamanye amazwi, ulwazi uhlala intloko kuphela xa loo mntu unako ukuze bona . Ke ngoko, imibutho yaba ngumncedisi olungileyo ngexesha lokukhumbula. Umgaqo-nkqubo wokuzilolonga usekwe kwinto yokuba umfanekiso ngamnye ocinga ukubangela imifanekiso ekhoyo kwaye unxibelelane ngandlela ithile.
Idatha inokunxulunyaniswa ngu-Ablicty (umzekelo, ubusika kunye nokubanda), ngokwahlukileyo (kushushu kwaye kubanda) kunye nezinye iindlela. Njengemidlalo yokuziqhelanisa, Kungcono ukukhumbula ukuba ayisetyenziswanga ukucinga okuqinisekileyo, kodwa i-fantasy.
Makhe sichaze kumzekelo. Abantwana baya kuba lula kakhulu ukuwamkela amanani, ukuba ngamnye kubo athathe uhlobo oluthile lokunxulumana, masithi, Rekhoda iinombolo ephepheni, emva koko cinga ngento abajonga ngayo.
Ngoko ke, inani zero ikhangeleka iqanda, kwaye ufana inombolo 8 Kubikula. Ngendlela, le ntshukumo iya kuvumela ukuqhubeka nokukhumbula iinombolo zefowuni.
Kakhulu Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa iindlela zabathengi Kwangelo xesha, kungcono ukudibanisa iimvakalelo ezintlanu ngaxeshanye. Umzekelo, ukuba kufuneka ukhumbule ibinzana elithi "iitapile eqhotsiweyo", apha unako ukuzisa imibutho ezininzi ngexesha elinye: Khumbula ukuba ikhangeleka njani ngokungathi nasongo, ivumba, yaye sesiphi na isandi nowento ekroqiweyo. Ukuba, xa benikwa ulwazi olutsha, uya kujolisa iimvakalelo yakho iminqweno, ngoko ndiyaqonda le datha kwaye ukhumbule kwabo kuya kuba lula kakhulu. Vumelana, kunzima ukulibala yonke ingcaciso ebangele umsebenzi wezakhiwo ezininzi ze-anatomical bomzimba wakho kwakanye.
Nika ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwi-pictograms-sidibana "nemifanekiso" ebomini bethu kuyo yonke indawo: kwiincwadi, iilogo zentengiso, iifowuni. I-Pictograms isebenza njengendlela elungileyo yokucengceleza naluphi na ulwazi . Umthambo kulula: Kuya kufuneka uphume nohlobo oluthile lokubonelela kwaye uzame ukuzoba i icon efanelekileyo kwigama ngalinye. Umzekelo, isenzi "Jonga" unokuzama ukuveza ngendlela yeliso, kunye negama elithi "uphefumla" - ngomfanekiso wempumlo kunye nemigca yempumlo. Emva kokuba utsala izivakalisi ezimbalwa, kufuneka uzame ukudlala isicatshulwa esifihliweyo.
Omnye umthambo onomdla kwimibutho ebonakalayo. Umntu ufuna ukuvala amehlo akhe kwaye uzame ukukhumbula zonke izinto awayibonayo endleleni ukuya ekhaya okanye kuyo nayiphi na into. Emva koko, kufuneka babhalwe kwiphepha elifanelekileyo okanye bazobe indlela.
Umsebenzi onjalo kukuvumela ukuba uphuhlise inkumbulo engapheliyo ukuze ufundise umntu ukuba akhumbule izinto kunye nezinto ngokulandelelana.
Ukusebenza ngemifanekiso
Ukuphucula inkumbulo akunakwenzeka ngaphandle kokusebenza ngemifanekiso kunye nophuhliso lwesigama. Imithambo enjalo inxulumene nokukhula, ijolise ekugxininiseni. Kwintsebenzo elula oyifunayo, kuya kufuneka ujonge malunga nemizuzu emi-3-5, emva koko kufuneka uthathe amehlo akho kwaye uzame ukuchaza lo mfanekiso. Umsebenzi onjalo kuyacetyiswa ukuphindaphinda izihlandlo ezininzi ngemini, kwaye uyenze kungalele ebhedini, ukuhlala esitulweni okanye ukwenza imisebenzi yasekhaya.
Omnye umthambo. Kuyimfuneko ukuthatha amakhadi ambalwa kunye nemifanekiso yeentaka ezahlukeneyo kunye nezilwanyana, zijonge ngononophelo, khumbula. Emva koko, le mizekeliso isusiwe kwiphepha lokuba babhala zonke izidalwa. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukutshintsha imifanekiso ukuya kutshintsha rhoqo-oku kuya kuphucula umgangatho wokusebenza.
Umthambo onzima ngakumbi . Kuyo, amakhadi ayisiyo imifanekiso, kodwa iqulethe idatha yombhalo, umzekelo, amagama abantu kunye nemihla ehambelana neziganeko okanye kwezinye iziganeko ebomini babo.
Umzekelo:
- U-Katanya noZhenya batshata ngoJuni 15, 1996;
- UMasha wazalwa nge-3 kaDisemba ka-2008;
- UKanci waphumelela kwiZiko nge-21 kaJulayi ngo-2010;
- Indawo entsha yokuthenga iya kuvulwa ngoNovemba 21, 2021.
Emva kokuba ufunde ikhadi, kufuneka iguqulwe kwaye izame ukuphinda ivelise yonke into ebhalwe kuyo.
Le yindawo yokuzivocavocavoca kwengqondo - ukuba uyilo lokuzilolonga rhoqo, emva kwexesha unokuqaphela ukuba inkumbulo yakho ilunge ngakumbi.
Ukuva uqeqesho lwememori
Uninzi lwenza imithambo yokuphucula imemori ebonakalayo, kwaye ulibale ngokupheleleyo malunga ne-counter, ekwakusebenzela ukukhula. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kuyo yonke le nto inceda ukufunda iincwadi: Yonke imihla kuya kufuneka ufunde kangangemizuzu eli-10-15 . Ngendlela, abantwana besikolo banokusebenzisa iincwadi zezifundo zoku - ngendlela onokuthi udibanise intsebenzo yomsebenzi wasekhaya noqeqesho lweememori.
Umsebenzi ongaqhelekanga unokwenziwa ngaphandle kwendlu. Umzekelo, kwindlela eya emsebenzini okanye kwizithuthi zikawonke-wonke, ngokungenakumamela nje ukuncokola ngokuhlala kufutshane nabantu kwaye ngenene, emva koko baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde baphinde. Ukuba umntu usebenzisa izithuthi zakhe zobuqu ukuze aqhubeke neendaba kunye nentengiso. Sinikela ingqalelo kwinto yokuba ukuphindaphinda kwedatha efunyenweyo ngokusisiseko xa usenza lo msebenzi, kungenjalo ukuba indlela ayisebenzi.
Ezinye iindlela zokuzilolonga
Izazinzulu zaseJapan zikholelwa ukuba Eyona ndlela ilungileyo yoku "phumela" ingqondo yakho kunye nokuphucula inkumbulo yiakhawunti yomlomo. Kuba kubandakanya ukubandakanyeka okusebenzayo kweenkqubo ezibizwa ngokuba ziinkqubo zexesha elifutshane okanye ukusebenzela, oko kukuthi, okuvumela ukuba ugcine lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko entlokweni yam.
Mhlawumbi bonke beza kulo meko enjalo xa weza evenkileni ngenjongo ukuthenga into ethile, yaye xa ngaphakathi, ekukhohlweni oyifunayo. Oku kubonisa ukuba imemori elifutshane elide akuphumelelanga. Apha uyakwazi ukuncoma umthambo eziliqela. Le nto elula ukubala ngokukhawuleza ngendlela reverse, umzekelo, ukusuka ezilikhulu ukuya kwenye. Uyakwazi kancinane ngakumbi nzima umsebenzi, umzekelo, enze esibuyel'emva top ezintathu: 300 ... 297 ... 294 njalo njalo. Lo msebenzi kungcono wonke nesandla enye ekuphuculeni umgangatho memory elifutshane elide.
Chess - umsebenzi luncedo kakhulu kwi logic leyo kudala waqonda ngabantu enochatha kunokuba nje umdlalo. Zibandakanya zonke iintlobo zomsebenzi kwengqondo kunokwenzeka. Akumangalisi oku, kuba umdlali kufuneka kungenjalo ukubala oshukunyiswa (kunye nembangi yayo) kwaye ngokusekelwe ezi zibalo ukuphuhlisa isicwangciso yentsebenziswano. Umdlalo unika inani elikhulu yokuvela, yaye ngoko, kuphucula umthwalo kwimemori ukusebenza ngoko inegalelo nokugcina ingqondo ikwimeko esebenzayo.
Ukwandisa yoxinaniso ingqalelo nokomeleza inkqubo zokonga ingcaciso efunyenweyo, imidlalo esebenzisa imidlalo kunye ukukhangela imifanekiso ezifanayo okanye amanani. Ukuze wenze oku, kukho 18-20 amakhadi isibini phezu kwetafile, bajike ziphinda-Bakhumbule, apho leyo. Injongo yomdlalo: amakhadi avulekileyo phezu ngababini ihlehlise bucala. Hi ndlela leyi, simulators inokufumaneka kwi-Internet yaye usebenzisa uqeqesho zobuchopho ngemihla, umzekelo, zezithuthi zikawonke endleleni eya emsebenzini.
ingqalelo enkulu kufuneka inikwe uqeqesho imemori kwizigulane emva istroke. Esi sifo kuphazamisa kwegazi yobuchopho, abaxabela izabelo kunye zifaka yobuchopho - ngenxa yoko, luvo kufa, kwaye ibangela ukwehla emzimbeni.
Ngelishwa, emva kokuba icala, cishe akunakwenzeka ukuba ukubuyisela imemori ngokupheleleyo, Noko ke, Kuyinto kusengqiqweni ukuphumeza ukuphucuka okubonakalayo meko.
Ukusebenza kunye nezigulane iqala kunye imithambo kakhulu sabaqalayo.
- Isigulane kuthiwa iileta 1-2, emva koko ke nika itekisi apho kufuneka uzifune.
- Phambi kokuba isigulane, kukho 3-4 naziphi na izinto ezilula, kufuneka sizigqale kakuhle imizuzu eliqela, ngoko ukususa, uluhlu amagama baze bachaze oko akubonileyo. Loo msebenzi a kufuneka ngokuthe xaka uze wongeze izinto ezintsha okanye ukusetyenziswa zichazwe ngaphezulu.
- Nika umfanekiso lokugula abantwana ngamagama abo. umntwana ngamnye emfanekisweni kufuneka yahluke kwezinye uhlobo iingubo element - kunokuba isaphetha eluhlaza entloko, ibhulukhwe oluhlaza okanye ilokhwe ebomvu. Amakhadi kufuneka anikelwe waza wacela isigulane ukuba bachaze, yintoni wonke umntwana wayenxibe.
Ukubuyiselwa imemori umntu stroke kwachithwa imbaxa, ixesha elininzi kunye yinkqubo ende kwaye, kakade, akunakwenzeka ukwenza phakathi ukuzilolonga - kwesigulane naluphi na unyango amayeza kufuneka case . Noko ke, eqhelekileyo ikuvumela ukuba akhawulezise kakhulu inkqubo yesiqhelo. Hi ndlela leyi, imisebenzi efanayo iya kuba luncedo kulo iimpawu dementia.
Ngokubanzi, kunokuthiwa elibonisa ejoliswe kuqeqesho memory zikuvumela ukuba kakhulu ngcono umgangatho wobomi umntu nokwandisa imisebenzi yengqondo. Phucula inkumbulo kunye nengqalelo boxinzelelo Uncedo yoga, umthambo, imithambo eminweni . iintlobo ezifana komsebenzi ukuphucula unikezelo igazi ebuchotsheni ze uvumele wena ukuba kuzuzwe iziphumo liphezulu ukukhumbula ulwazi.
kufuneka loliwe khadi ukuqalela kwimfundo yabantwana yasekuqaleni - Oku kuya kuvumela kakhulu lula izinto master yesikolo umntwana. Kungenjalo, bayazi inkqubo apho zonke nyaka ukuba ukukhumbula ulwazi ngakumbi ezintsha ngakumbi, yaye ngamanye amaxesha ingabangeli ngokupheleleyo, kuya kuba nzima.
ingqalelo eyodwa memory ukusebenzisa kufuneka anikwe abantu abadala. izenzo kuphela asebenzayo kunye umthambo esisigxina mnemonic iya kubavumela ukuba siphephe ezininzi iingxaki ezijongene wonke umntu oversail ikhusi oneminyaka engama-60 ubudala.
