Umhlaba ugcwele iiriddles kunye neemfihlo. Sifakwe konke okungaziwayo kwaye singafakwanga. Enye yezi mfihlo ihlala yaziwa kwihlabathi liphela idayimani yeGem "Shah". Eli litye alikho lula, kodwa liyimbali enomdla kakhulu. Ezinye zazo zaziwa kuluntu ngokubanzi, kodwa ezinye iinkcukacha zifihliwe phantsi kweenqaba zexesha, nokuba zinikezelwe kakhulu kubo.
Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele kuno-Almaz Shah, apho i-gem ibivela khona kwaye ingena njani eRussia, oko kuthetha ukubhalwa kwe-russia, ezigcinayo ezihlala zingumnini wedayimani yokuqala. Inqaku lethu liya kuvula isigqubuthelo semfihlo.
Imbali
Ngaphandle kwento yokuba "uShaje" lilitye elinobuhle obungaqhelekanga nexabiso, imbali yelitye ifanelwe ngumdla okhethekileyo. Ke, ilitye liqhubela iikiti zakhe kunye neendawo zaseIndiya. Kwakukuyo idayimane ifunyenwe kwinkulungwane ekude ye-XI. Kubhalelwe na kwaye kuyaziwa ukuba umntu wokuqala owathi "uShang" yayinguBurkhan - i-sultun eyaziwayo evela kumaPersi. Yayiyintoni nge-odolo yakhe ukuba isetyenziswe kumbhalo wokuqala.
Nangona kunjalo, kwi-Burkhan, ilitye lahlala ixesha elifutshane kakhulu. Kuyaziwa ngokubanzi ukuba inqaku lamaxesha amandulo laliqhelunga rhoqo iimfazwe zamagazi emhlabeni, amandla kunye nabantu. Yenzekile kwimo yeBurkhan. Yahlulwa yi-Mongolia Shah Akbar. Emva koloyiso lwelizwe, okwakhe lwangaseBurkhan, umlawuli omtsha wanikwa amaxabiso amaninzi. Esekwe kwilifa lakhe kunye ne-shah.
Kodwa i-akbar, ngokungafaniyo i-Burkhan, ayizange inamathele kwi-chielry amatye anqabileyo, ngenxa yoko wasilela ukuqonda ubuhle kunye nexabiso le "shah". Kwimiyalelo yeVladyka, idayimane yathunyelwa kwindawo yokugcina izinto, apho wayehlala khona phakathi kwenani elikhulu lobutyebi abaninzi. Kule meko, ilitye lalilala iminyaka eminyaka.
Emva kwexesha elide, kubuncwane baseMongoliaan Shaha, i-gem yabetha abazukulwana baseAkbar Jihan. Waba yindoda leyo, umbulelo ogama lisondeleyo kwabonakala etyeni.
Njengoko ibali lithi, kuba ngelo xesha i-gem iye yaba sisizukulwana esivela kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. "Shah" yathatha indawo ebekekileyo - waxhonywa embindini weBaldakhin, eyayingumhombiso wetrone. Kunye naye emva kwenye, abaphathi baseMongolia banyibilika.
Oku kwenzelwa ukuba ilitye alizange liphume lingabonakali i-han kwaye lihlala liphantsi kolawulo lwayo nengqwalaselo.
Emva kwexesha, ilitye laliphenjelelwa ngoomatshini. Ke, kwenye yeziphelo zakhe (ezazitshixiwe), kwava umngxuma omncinci, owavumela ukuya kwintambo yelitye. Ngenxa yoko, "uShang" unokonwaba kungekuphela nje ecaleni, kodwa eyokunxiba entanyeni. Iinkcukacha ezifanayo ngokwembali namhlanje zinoluntu owaziwayo ngenxa yoomangeno olubhaliweyo bomthengisi ovela eFrance, owenza olu lwazi kwidayari yabo yokuhamba kwindawo ekude ngayo xvii inkulungwane. Ngapha koko, yayinguMthengisi owaba yindoda yokuqala yaseYurophu eyabona idayimane exabisekileyo.
Kodwa abaphathi baseMongolia babengabi kubanikazi baShah. Emva kokuba ubukhosi bazo bawa, kwaye iimfazwe zalo zaqalisa kwintsimi yayo. Malunga nelitye elilibale iminyaka emininzi-ngebenganyamalala. UShah wavela emva kweminyaka eli-100 - kwiXviiiii ikhulu. Ngeli xesha waba lilitye elinobungangameli kunondyebo uShawa Fat-Ali, owenza umbhalo wesithathu wokugqibela kuye.
Emva koko, malunga nelitye lalityalwa. Imithombo yembali kunye namaxwebhu aqala ukukhankanya kuphela kwi-Xix yenkulungwane. Nangona kunjalo, ukubonakala 'kwe-shah "ngeli xesha kwakunxulunyaniswa neziganeko ezimbi ezachukumisa ilizwe lethu. Ke, ngoJanuwari 1829, eTehran endaweni, apho ngelo xesha kwakuza kungulwalamano loBukhosi baseRussia, igazi lesikhombisi senzeka.
Amawakawaka abalandeli bonqulo ahlasela abasebenzi baka-Embass, ngenxa yoko abangama-37 abantu ababhubhileyo bafa. Phakathi kwabafileyo yayingumboeli kunye norhulumente A. S. Gribodedov, umbhali womsebenzi odumileyo 'wentaba'. Imizimba ye-riplomats yaseRussia yayitshixiwe, yaqalwa, yayinzima ukuyichonga.
Izizathu zokuhlaselwa okunjalo ngokuqinisekileyo ziyaziwa, kodwa kukholelwa ukuba imbambano yabangelwa sisivumelwano, esatyikitywa phakathi kwamaPersi noBukhosi baseRussia, evakalisa i-Turkmanchai. Ngokwalo mvumelwano, iPersi yayifanele ukuhlawula ilizwe lethu ukuba igalelo elikhulu kakhulu. Uhlaselo lobunqolobi olwenzeka eTehran waba sisikreqo kwaye sabangela ukuthambeka koluntu ngokubanzi.
Ke ngoko, Hotrev-thanda (umzukulwana wesiPersa Shah) weza kubukumkani baseRussia ukuya kudibana nomlawuli uNikolai ukulungisa imbambano. I-Persian Vladyka yazisa ngenani elikhulu lezipho ezahlukeneyo: Iikhaphethi, iiCapilabra, izixhobo kunye nobucwebe kunye nobucwebe, Kwakhona uShama odumileyo wedayimani. Umlawuli uNicholas wazisa ubuncwane kwaye wanika umntu omele i-Persia ukuba alibale malunga nokungqubana.
Ngenxa yoko, la matye axabisekileyo elaziwa kwihlabathi lonke yayiseRussia.
Inkcazo
UAlmaz "Shah", ngaphandle kwayo yonke imbonakalo yakhe, ayisiyo yedayimane. Inyani yile, ilitye alinaso isikimo esihambelanayo. Nangona kunjalo, uShaje akazange angonakaliswanga - umda welitye uyabhabha, imibhalo emi-3 isetyenziswa kubo. Ukuba sithetha ngombala kunye nemibala emibala, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ilitye lingabonakali, kodwa line-neurko-ivelise i-subton etyheli. Ubume kunye nobungakanani be "Shah" ziyinto engaqhelekanga kwaye yeyokuqala, ziyi-octahedron. Ubunzima bedayimani bumalunga ne-89 carats.
Ngokutsho kolwazi lwabaxhasi, ifom eyenziwa yi-shah, ayisiyohlobo lokuqonda kwayo ngokupheleleyo, kude neembono zebhinqa. Kodwa kwelinye icala, ukucaca kwelitye ekuphakameni. Idayimani igudileyo kwaye inamandla-akukho mabala kumphezulu wayo, akukho mpahla, ukunqunyulwa kunye nasiphi na esinye isiphene.
UAlmaz "Shah" sisidima esixabisekileyo, esaziwa kakhulu kwihlabathi. Abaqokeleli abaninzi baphupha ngokufumana ubutyebi.
Imibhalo ebhaliweyo
Njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, imibhalo emi-3 isetyenziswa kumphezulu welitye elixabisekileyo. Bayiqhina eliyimfihlakalo kwaye batsala abaninzi. Nangona kunjalo, kude kuye wonke umntu uyayazi into ebhalwe ngayo. Ukuba ujika kumaxwebhu embali, sifunda ukuba umbhalo wokuqala obhaliweyo kwilitye wasetyenziswa ngokomyalelo we-Persian Sulkhan.
Umsebenzi wokwenza umbhalo kwilitye libeka umngcipheko wobushushu, kwaye wayengenakufumana izisombululo ixesha elide. Inyani yile Ilitye kwisakhiwo salo lomzimba lomelele kwaye liqinile, lisondla kakubi naziphi na iziphumo zangaphandle. Nangona kunjalo, ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngesampulu kunye neempazamo, kunye novavanyo olunzima, iziphumo zafunyanwa.
I-Geweler ye-Master yazisa umbhalo obhaliweyo kwi-shah "esebenzisa idayimane efanayo. Icebo lesicelo lijongeka malunga noku kulandelayo: Idayimani i-daimom ifunyenwe kwidayimani eqinileyo yayihlanganisene kwincam yenaliti, ngoncedo lokubhaliswa kwangoko kwaboniswa kwangoko.
Ngokucacileyo, ibinzana labhalwa ePersi. Ukuba uyiguqulela kwisiRashiya, emva koko sifumana ibinzana "I-vladyka oda." Lali la mazwi abhaliweyo kuqala kumphezulu wenye yezona zinto zidumileyo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye "shah".
Emva kokusebenzisa umbhalo wokuqala, kwadlula iminyaka emininzi ngaphambi kokuba balikhumbule ilitye. Ngeli xesha, uShah watshintsha abanini. Kwakukhe kusezandleni zomlawuli waseMongolia, uJihan, idayimane exabisekileyo yaguqulwa, yafumana isicatshulwa sakhe esisibini.
Ngeli xesha kwavela ukuba ihambelane ngakumbi - ngokomyalelo weVladyka Jihana, imikhosi yabagebenga kwikristali yayizisa uxwebhu lwesibini, kunye neminyaka yolawulo lwakhe. UJihan akazange abe nguShaha wokugqibela, okwazile ukuqhubela igama lakhe kwidayimane lakhe.
Emva kwexesha elide, elinye inqaku lavela kwilitye-umbhalo wesithathu, owenziwe ngolungelelwano lukaShaha Fath-ali.
Namhlanje, ababhali-mbali abaziwa ukuba ababhali-mbali, bathi "UShang" waba yinxalenye yobuncwane obuninzi boMlawuli weTehran woMlawuli weTehran. Enye indlela okanye enye, kodwa igama lakhe kunye neminyaka yolawulo lakhutshelwa kwilitye elinesithathu kwiakhawunti. Ngaphezu koko, ngeli xesha ndikhetha usuku olunesidima nelinentsingiselo kuyo - iminyaka engama-30 ukusukela kumhla wokuqala kweBhodi ukhethe umsebenzi wengxaki enjalo.
I-almaz "Shah" yi-gem egcina indawo yayo ayichazi-mtshato nje, kodwa neemfihlo zeminyaka yobudala. Wayengowaye oorhulumente abanamandla nabanamandla behlabathi.
Iphi idayimane edumileyo?
Emva kwembambano yeTehran kunye neHovre-ndwendwetyelela uBukhosi baseRussia, uShah waba yindawo yelizwe lethu. Eli litye lavavanywa laza lafundwa ngowona msebenzi ufaneleke kakhulu. Ezi zinzulu kwaye zinike idayimane igama elithi "Shah" ezaziwa kwihlabathi liphela. Ukusukela ngalo mzuzu, ilitye alizange liphume iRussia. Ekuqaleni, ixesha elide, wagcinwa kwibhotwe lasebusika. Emva kokuphela kweMfazwe yaseburhulumenteni, uShah wangena kwi-gremond egunyazisa iKremlin.
Izifundo zeSoviet zasebenza kwisifundo sakhe kunye nenkcazo.
Nangona kule minyaka yokubuyisela kwimeko yesiqhelo, urhulumente waseSoviet uthengise inani elikhulu lobutyebi obukhulu, "Shaha" akazange atyhafe. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ilitye le-gesine lihlala linelizwe lethu kwaye lelesiseko sedayimani yeKremlin. Uhlala eboniswa kwimiboniso eyahlukeneyo, apho ungalithanda khona ilitye lembali, eligcina iimfihlakalo zenkulungwane.
Ke, idayimani eyaziwa kakuhle, enembali engaqhelekanga, yenze uhambo olukhulu ngexesha kunye nendawo. Ukuqala ubomi bakhe obude eIndiya, wahamba eMpuma, emva koko wafika eRashiya. Eli litye lubutyebi bokwenyani, Kodwa akufuneki unikezele kwigloss yakhe eqaqambileyo. Njengoko besikwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ungobuqili.
Ngenxa yokuba ilitye linexabiso eliphezulu, ubukhulu becala yayingeyiyo eNkosi kunye nabalawuli, kodwa namhlanje wonke umntu unokuyithanda.
Zithini iimfihlo ezigcina i-Shah Dayimane, unokufumana, ujonge ividiyo kancinci.