Abantu base-Afrika bathanda ukuzihombisa. Ekuqaleni yayiyindawo ephosakeleyo kunye nentamo evela kwimibala eqaqambileyo, emva koko iigobolondo kunye neeminerali ezintle. Emva kwexesha, abantu bafunda indlela yokuphatha iikristali zendalo, ezihlala zingamakristali ukuze baba bubuncwane bokwenene. Eli nqaku siza kuthetha ngesafires.
Iimpawu eziphambili
I-sapphire yenye yezona gubi zintle kwaye zixabisa kakhulu, ukusuka kumaxesha amandulo, xa umntu efunda indlela yokuvelisa nokunyanga ezikristali zendalo.
ISapfire, kunye ne-ruby, ibhekisa kwiCoundum-izimbiwa, isiseko se-aluminium oxide engcolileyo, epeyinta imibala eyahlukeneyo. Yahlula isafires kunye ne-fantasy safires. Iqela lokuqala yi-crystals yombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezahlukeneyo. Ewe, eyesibini ithethwa kuzo zonke ezinye iintlahlela, ngaphandle kokuba zibomvu-ezibomvu - ezi ziibhuloji.
Owona mzobo uphambili apho umbala wamatye axabisekileyo uqikelelwa, kubandakanya isafire, ngumthunzi, umbala wokugqibela kunye nesibane. Umthunzi oqhelekileyo we-sapdiresy safires ayikabikho ngokunxulumene nemibala eyahlukeneyo. Kwaye kwiikristali ze-classic eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka yeyona nto ibalaseleyo ye-cornflowwayer - umbala wesafired wamiselwa eKashmir.
Iipropathi zomzimba zeCoria
| Izikhombisi | Intsingiselo |
| Ukwakhiwa | Ialuminium oxide enezinto ezahlukeneyo ezibandakanya |
| Ubunzima be-mos | I-9 (yesibini emva kwedayimane) |
| Ukungafihli | Iyahluka ukusuka kwi-opaque ukuba icace |
| Ukuxinana, G / CM3 | 3.95 - 4.0 |
| I-Remolsence Ally | 1.766 - 1,774. |
| Ukuqhutywa kombane | Isidlo |
Isafires ithathelwa ingqalelo i-talsmans eyomeleleyo. Imithombo emininzi ibhala ukuba bancedise kwiliso elibi, ukonakaliswa kunye nokukhohlisa, banegalelo ekufumaneni kobulumko kunye nokuzola. Wayethandwa ukuba anxibe abahambi ngeenqanawa, ngakumbi abathanda amatye ase-Asteria (i-Staphires).
Kukwakholelwa ukuba ukunxibisa i-corqum kuyingenelo ebantwini ukuba ne-insommia, i-rumitatism, isifo sokuwa kunye nosulelo olwahlukileyo.
Umthunzi uxhomekeke phi?
Umbala welitye uxhomekeke kubume bayo. Nokuba ubukho obuncinci bokungcola okungaphezulu bunokutshintsha kakhulu imibala kunye nokucoceka kwesafire.Iziphumo zokungcola kumbala weminerali
| Ukungcola | Umbala welitye |
| I-titanium kunye ne-iron | Blue, iblowu, i-bluish grey |
| Ukonyuka komxholo we-titanium | orenji |
| I-Oxide Akadium | Mfusa okanye ibomvu |
| Ukunyuka komxholo wensimbi | Sine-luhlaza |
| I-nickel oxide | Lubhelu |
| I-magnesium, i-zinc kunye ne-coalit ye-cobalt | Luhlaza |
| I-chromium, intsimbi kunye ne-titanium | Ipinki, emfusa, i-lilac |
| I-hematite (ngohlobo lwekristali yeLamellar) | ntsundu |
| Phantse ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwezinto ezibandakanya izangaphandle | Ayinabala, mhlophe |
Umbala waselwate umbala kuxhomekeke kwinani kunye nepesenti yepesenti ye-inzuzo yelinye ilizwe. Ngokwesikimu esenziwe lula, isafireyisi eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka zahlulahlulwe zangamatye aqaqambileyo, aphakathi kunye nokukhanya. Iingcali zisetyenziswa xa kuvavanywa iikristali ze-5 degrees ezingaphantsi kunye neendidi ezingama-3 zokurenta.
Umbala ophambili
I-sapfires enemibala yesafires yeintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemibala, ngaphandle, njengoko sele ikhankanyiwe apha ngasentla, umbala obomvu.
Eyona ibiza kakhulu zii-GEMs ezigcwele eziluhlaza, zilandelwe ngamatye e-pinkish-orenji Isafires etyheli kunye ne-opaquire eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye ne-opaque stateris (amatye, kumhlaba womfanekiso we-6- okanye ezili-12 obonakalayo ngokucacileyo) isebenza indawo ye-4 kwindleko eziphezulu. Inyathelo elingezantsi yi-orenji, i-Green, i-Green, i-gureple, kunye nesafires enefuthe yale-alexanderit - oko kukuthi, ukutshintsha imibala kuxhomekeke kukukhanya. I-Oveles ihamba kancinci kunemibala engenabala amabala, kunye nemnyama elula nenkanyezi. Ngapha koko, ayitsali ngokuchanekileyo isafires emnyama emnyama - ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ngenxa yobume obuphezulu bombala babonakala bumnyama kwaye zi-opaque.
Ngamanye amaxesha kukho amakristali, inxenye enye yepeyintiweyo ngombala omnye, umzekelo, iblowu, kunye neyesibini - omnye, tyheli. Amatye anjalo abizwa ngokuba yiPolychrome, okanye i-petticolored, axatyiswa kakhulu ngenxa yokufunyanwa.
Ungayikhetha njani?
Xa ukhetha ubucwebe kunye nawaphi na amatye axabisekileyo okanye axabisekileyo, funa isatifikethi esingqina imvelaphi yendalo yesimilo. Kule mihla, amatye amaninzi axabisekileyo akhula ngobuchule kwii-autoclaves. Iliso lakho elingenakwenzeka ukuba lahlulahlula ngokwendalo. Kodwa kukho umahluko obalulekileyo ngexabiso, kuba isafireyire yendalo ixabisa kakhulu, kwaye oku sele kudala amathuba aneleyo kuzo zonke iintlobo zobuqhophololo. Ke musani ukukulibala malunga nezatifikethi, kwaye kwimeko yokufunyanwa kwamatye amakhulu, musa ukuba ngamavila uku-odola uviwo, kuba kulula kakhulu ukukhohlisa.
Kukho indlela elula yokukhangela imeko yendalo yelitye: Thobela ukukhanya kwesibane se-ultraviolet kuyo. Ikristali yendalo kwangaxeshanye kufuneka ibulwe, kwaye isebenze - hayi.
Xa ujonga isatifikethi, nikela ingqalelo kuvavanyo lwelitye, umzekelo, 1/2. Inani lokuqala libonisa umbala welitye (1 - luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka), kunye nodidi lwesibini lwenqanaba (kuxhomekeke kubunyulu belitye kunye nenqanaba lokungafihlisi lekristale). Iindidi zomgangatho ze-4. Okokuqala kubandakanya amatye obunyulu obuphezulu kunye nokungafihlisi, apho kukho isiphene. Okwesibini kubandakanya i-saphire ebonakalayo ebonakalayo ekumgangatho ombi kakhulu-ngeziphene ezincinci okanye ngombala ogqithisileyo. Kumatye e-opaque odidi lwesithathu, iziphene zinokubonwa ngeliso le-. Ewe, iqela lesine libandakanya amakristali e-turbid nge-fitcodings.
Kananjalo, ungalibali ukubona, kukho ilitye kwisulungelwanga okanye hayi. Ukuphucula umgangatho, uninzi lwesafireres zendalo luphathwe ngephenyane, oko kukuthi, kuphakanyisiwe. Oku kukuvumela ukuba utshintshe umbala welitye, ukwandisa ukungafihli nto, njl. Kwizakhiwo ezibonakalayo zeminerali, olu nyango aluchaphazeli isafires engekho mthethweni.
Jonga ngelitye ekukhanyeni, kweyona yemvelo. Ngaphakathi kwikristale, i-microcract ihlala ibonwa, enciphisa umgangatho, kwaye, kwaye, ixabiso lelitye. Nyakalo welitye elisikiweyo. Ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa yokuqhubekiswa okungafanelekanga okanye ukungalunganga, ukubonakala kweglasi kubonakala ngathi kuzalisa, ngaphandle kokubonakalisa bonke ubuhle bayo.
Ixabiso leekristali lixhomekeke kakhulu kwilizwe lokuvelisa kwabo. Eyona nto ibiza kakhulu amatye e-Kashmir, kwiSri Lanka nakwiTanzania. I-Burmese kunye ne-crystali ye-thai ilandelwa yesibini. Okulandelayo Kuya kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba idipozithi ye-kashmir sele iphuhlisiwe kwaye ivaliwe. Kwi-Russian Federation Kukho neenkalo ezininzi zeCorkov-kwiPeninsula yeKola (iBlue, iGreen-GreenStorm) kunye ne-Urals (i-Green-Blue).
Kwakhona eRussia, njengakwamanye amazwe, kuveliswa amanye amazwe, kuba la matye asetyenziswa kungekuphela nje kwibhlebi, nakwimizi-mveliso emininzi.
Malunga neepropathi zesafire ichazwe ngezantsi.