I-viola dam gamba sisixhobo somculo esinemitya emihlanu enesixhenxe kunye nesaphetha, efana ne-cello enxulumene ne-cello. Ngokwesiqhelo, i-viola idlala kwindawo yokuhlala, imbambe ngokuthe nkqo phakathi kwamadolo akhe okanye ibeka ecaleni kwecala emlenzeni.
Imbali kunye nentsingiselo
Isixhobo somculo sivele kwinkulungwane ye-XIB kwixesha lokuvuselela. Ukuba sithelekisa ne-violins, emva koko inani layo linomzimba onqamlezileyo malunga nobude bemitya kunye ne-Defle ezantsi. Ii-gemaps zazimncinci kwaye zilula, imilo yabo yomzimba yayingacaciswa kangangokuba yayingeyompembelelo kwisandi esibuyisiweyo.
Kusapho lonke laseViol, unyawo uGamba wagcina eyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu: kumdlalo kwi-gamba, imisebenzi emininzi yababhali abadumileyo be-xvii yenkulungwane yachazwa. Ukuzaliswa kwenkulungwane ye-XIRE, ukusasazeka okuninzi kwe-violins kwaqala e-Itali njengeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo ye-Italical Enemils Izixhobo ze-Itali, i-gambbo yafumana injongo yazo yokwenene e-UK. I-viola ewe gaba yasondela ngokupheleleyo iBritiren, mininzi umculo omnandi odalelwe ukuba unxunguphele yonke inkulungwane. Kule minyaka imizalwane yeemvumi zaseBritani kwakukho izinto zokudlala ezahlukeneyo.
IGana ngenxa yobume obukhethekileyo beegridi kunye ne-frets, ibuyiselwe ngakumbi kwaye iphunyezwe kunesandi se-violin yosapho, kodwa ayinikanga inkululeko yokuveliswa. Izandi ezithambileyo ezithandekayo yayikukuqaqamba kwayo ngokuqaqambileyo, kwaye ukulayisha okugqithisileyo akuzange kwenzeke.
Nangona kunjalo, ilizwe, apho igalelo le-slom libhengezwe, iFrance yaya kufutshane nasekupheleni kwenkulungwane yeXvii. Uluhlu lwee-themaps zandiswa, zongezwa enye umtya ophantsi. Ngenxa yokukhuthaza i-connoissers yomculo, iyantlukwano enkulu yemilinganiselo yemiculo yemiculo ye-marina mare.
Kwingoma yesiFrentshi, kunokwenzeka ukuba ichonge ivelwe kwimpembelelo yeplagi. UGamba wafumana ukukhula kwelona candelo lobugcisa. Kumdlalo kwi-viol, i-aristocrats kunye nabameli bosapho olunengqondo baphuculwa. Ngaphandle kwesandi esinzulu, ukudlala ngokuhamba kwexesha yayixineneni ne-violins eyayivakala kakhulu kwiiholo ezinkulu, kodwa yayinemitya emincinci. Ukusondelelana kwesandi somculo senze isixhobo se-sodwa ngesixhobo esincinci, kulungele kuphela amagumbi amancinci, kunye nokukhutshwa komgangatho wezandi kwangesosizathu sokudodobala kwesixhobo esingathethekiyo kwesi sixhobo sobuthathaka. Emva kokugqitywa kwe-Xviii yenkulungwane, iikampu ziphantse zanyamalala wonke, kwaye indawo yazo ithatyathwe nguCello.
Iintlobo
Njengommiselo, zine iintlobo ezine ze-viol da gabala:
- i-alte;
- tenor;
- ekude;
- Isiseko.
Ukongeza kuhlobo oluphambili, lwenziwa i-viols, ukuba nentambo encomekayo. Imitya ethatyathwa i-Union yaqhutywa ngamaqhosha, kunye nemitya ye-bardon ibekwe kwi-jiff.
Kwi-tenor viorla, engummeli wolu sapho kunye negama elamkelweyo ngokubanzi "viola Damba" lazala. Kwimbali yonke yobukho besixhobo esisetyenzisiweyo:
- solo;
- khawube;
- iokheli.
I-Britane ityhila ubuchule boSloba kwaye baqala ukuvelisa i-BASS encitshisiweyo yeBassas, ekuthiwa yi-viol. Ingozi encinci eyomeleleyo yedwa ebizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yokuguquguquka ibizwa ngokuba yiLira viol.
Isixhobo sokuvuselela
Ukuvuselelwa kukaVol Dang gamba yenzeka ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20, xa iGayost I-Gouby Pebute yaba ngu-Otya K. F. F. Abel ngo-1905 I-Döberada yakhe yenza embindini weXviiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiire kwi-gamba, ibole umqadi womqambi kwiikonsathi.
Malunga nexesha elifanayo, kwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, umdla we-violets uvuswa kumazwe athile aseYurophu, abantu abaphumeleleyo baqala ukudalwa, umzekelo, usapho lwakwa-A. nge-viola.
UViola Dammba, phantse ulibale kwaye wafuduswa zezinye izixhobo, ebuyiselwe kwiholo kunye neecawa zekonsathi ekuchitheni imisebenzi yabadlali. Eyona nto ilungileyo kumdlalo kwi-gamba yamkelwa yi-Italian Paolo Pandolfo. Namhlanje kukholelwa ukuba iBass iphindwe kabini idibanisa iimpawu kunye ne-viols, kunye ne-violins. Umdlalo wesixhobo wazivalelwa ngabathandi be-viola kunye noluntu olukhethekileyo, olubandakanyiwe ziimvumi ezinomdla.
Malunga nendlela i-Vila Daga Paga, jonga ividiyo elandelayo.