I-ERhu- le yile nto ibizwa ngokuba yinye yeentlobo ze-violin yaseTshayina. Iimpawu zesakhiwo sayo kunye nesandi, ngokunjalo malunga nembali yesixhobo somculo, siya kuxutyushwa kwinqaku.
Inkcazo
I-ERhu yi-violin yakudala yaseTshayina, eyeya kwintsapho yemitya yeZitshixo zeBrook. Ithathwa njengohlobo lwesixhobo saseTshayina Huzin.
Igama elithi iRhu linentsingiselo yalo. Ke, isiza sokuqala "i-Er" yokuqala "iguqulelwa ngokuthi" ezimbini ", kunye neyesibini" hu ", ezinje" emva ".
Fowunela isixhobo somculo nge-vioned-vioneed theinc epheleleyo, uninzi lwayo uninzi luqhelekile, olunzima. Inoluhlu ngaphakathi kwee-octaves ezi-3 kunye neentambo ezi-2 kuphela, ezenziwe kwi-silka kwaye zinikelwe ngemvumi ngexesha lomdlalo. Inxalenye yayo ephambili yongeza kwimitya, idesika, i-resonator yemithi, enokuthi i-hexaagoted okanye i-cylindrical, kunye ne-snake yenyoka.
Ukongeza, oku kubandakanya intamo yesixhobo. Kwangoko, isixhobo sonke, kubandakanya intamo, yayikukude malunga neesentimitha ezingama-60. Nangona kunjalo, ngoku isonyuka kancinci ngobukhulu, kuba ubude bentamo baqala ukufikelela phantse kummitha, oko kukuthi: Iisentimitha ezingama-80. Inentamo exhunyiwe usebenzisa i-bracket yesinyithi.
Umzimba wesixhobo senziwa ikakhulu kumthi omdaka, onjengepinki okanye i-ebony.
Isaphetha esijikelezwe, esenza ukuba isiqu se-bamboo siqhotyoshelwe kwesi sixhobo. Ngayo, ingoma ivelisiwe. Isaphetha ngokwaso sinentambo yayo, eyenziwe ngenwele yamahashe. Ihlala ihleli phakathi kwemitya emibini ephambili ukuze i-HHHU iyonke.
Ngomdlalo, le ntambo ihlikiwe ngokuthe ngqo eRosin ukuze inyuse ukungqubana. Eli nqanaba iimvumi zinika ingqalelo eyodwa.
Ukuba isaphetha asilunganga, ayilunganga ngokwaneleyo, ke imeko yesixhobo somculo iya kugqwetha kakhulu, kwaye endaweni yengoma enomtsalane iya kuba yinto entle, yokusika, isandi esisikayo.
Imbali yesixhobo somculo
I-China inezixhobo ezininzi zomculo zesintu ezinokubizwa xa kuthelekiswa neRhu, inene, yakudala. UHerhu umncinci, uneminyaka eliwaka ubudala.
Inani ngalinye leSokulwa kwesixhobo somculo liya kuba nzima ukubola ezishelfini. Ixesha elide, wayethathwa njengezixhobo zama-Nomads, ngokulandelelana, bahlala betshintsha indawo yakhe kunye namaqela abantu basemoor.
Okokuqala ngqa, i-Erhu ibhengeza kwimimandla esemantla eTshayina. Ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo, isixhobo sasithatyathwa njengeBarbaric.
Nangona kunjalo, weza kwabalingane. Benza i-chaps yabo yefani kuyo, apho bachaza ubomi bemihla ngemihla, bathi kwaye malunga neminye iminye, njengokuloba kunye nokuxaba kwemfuyo.
Ngokwenene ifunwa ngokwenene - emva kwe-Erhu kuphela xa imigaqo ye-tung donsty, oko kukuthi, kwinkulungwane ye-VII-X
Emva kwethuba elithile, esi sixhobo somculo besiya sibandakanyeke ngakumbi kwii-enseribs ezahlukeneyo kwaye nakwiibhokhwe ze-opera ye-beijing opera. Kwakuxhaphake kakhulu e-China kuyo yonke indawo - ezisemaphandleni nasezidolophini.
Ngaphandle kwayo yonke le nto, ukuhlonela esi sixhobo akuqhelekanga ukwenza le nto, okwenzekileyo kwakhona ngenxa yemvelaphi yakhe "yebharithi". Isandi sayo njengesixhobo sodwa sinokuvakala kunqabile.
Bamxabisa kuphela ngenxa yokuba yimvumi enjalo, njengoLiu Tianhua. Bekumbulela kuye i-Erhu ifumene imeko yesixhobo esigcweleyo somculo. Enye yezona misebenzi idumileyo yingoma enesihloko esithi "Intwasahlobo yesibini yentwasahlobo ibonisa inyanga," ngoku yiklasiki.
U-Erchi ufumana okukhulu ngakumbi emva komboniso ngo-2004 kwikonisa ye-tv Gala-concert ", eyanikelwa kunyaka omtsha e-China.
Imbono eqaqambileyo, kubandakanya umculo kunye nemidaniso eyahlukeneyo, apho inkcubeko yenyani yaseTshayina, ivelise intle kakhulu ebantwini.
Ke, ngo-2006, iisatho ezinjalo zazilungelelaniswe kwizixeko ezininzi ezinkulu phantse kwihlabathi liphela. Ngo-2008, waphinda waqhutywa kwakhona, kwaye inani lezixeko ababezilungelelaniswe, zanda, njengoko, enyanisweni, inani labantu abatyelele iziganeko.
Ukoyikeka okukhethekileyo kwabaphulaphuli babangela i-violin ruhu. Esixhobo esenzelwa iingoma zomculo zengoma edumileyo, Nksk Xi Siaochun, wafunda umdlalo kwi-Eicuise. Le ntombazana yenye yabadlali abadumileyo e-Erhu.
Ngaphandle kwakhe, Ukufuduswa kwesixhobo sinegalelo kwinkosi yomdlalo e-Erhu njengoGeorge Gao.
Ngeli xesha, ukuva isandi se-Erhu engenakuphela nje kwiikonsathi ezinjalo kuphela, kodwa nakwi-opera yase-chinese kunye nethiyetha, oko kukuthi: Kwimveliso enkulu. Ngaphandle koko, I-ERhu isetyenziswa ngenkuthalo ngamaqela ahlukeneyo omculo.
Njengoko ivakala
Isandi se-Erhu sincinci kakhulu, ngokungathi i-shelkousy. Kungenxa yoko le nto esi sixhobo siqhele ukusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ekusebenzeni kweengoma ezigudileyo zomculo. Esi sixhobo sinokukhululeka kwaye sikhale, kwaye siyancwina, kunye nokuphumelela umoya weencoko zobuqu. Ezandleni zeNkosi, unokuxelisa izandi zendalo, isiphunzi sentaka, ihashe ihashe, ihlasi lehlathini, i-moya engaphezulu kunye neRidge, ezinye izandi.
Umdlalo wobugcisa
Kwizixhobo ezibi zokufunda umdlalo kwisixhobo esinjalo somculo, njenge-ERhu, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqale kuphela kwiminyaka emi-4.
Kwinkqubo yomdlalo, i-Erhu ikwindawo ethe nkqo, ngelixa incika umlenze wakhe edolweni. Isaphetha kwangaxeshanye sibe sesandleni somculi, ngeminwe yelinye isandla makacinezele imitya.
Kufanelekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba ukukhangela amanqaku ayimfuneko, iintambo zeSixhobo ziyaqhutywa ukuze zingachukumisi griff.
Eyona nto yamkelekileyo kumdlalo e-Erhu yi "i-vibrato ye-vibrato". Umgaqo wayo kukuba xa usenza oomatshini bokuvumisa kumtya ophantsi, otshintsha isixhobo sesandi ngandlela sithile.
Ungasiva isandi se-Erhu kwividiyo eboniswe ngezantsi.