Isilivere yezobugcisa: ukuba yintoni kwaye ithini inkawu, apho kuqulathwe khona, isampulu yayo kunye nokwenziwa

Isilivere-kude kakhulu kwelona nqaku liqhelekileyo apho izinto ezenziwe ngobuqhetseba zenziwa, kodwa zibalulekile xa kusenziwa izixhobo ze-radiotechnical. Esi sinyithi, esisetyenziswa kumzi-mveliso wemizi-mveliso sokwenzela ukwenziwa kwezixhobo kunye nezinto zobugcisa, kukhulisile ukuba "ubugcisa".

Iipeksi

Isilivere yezobugcisa yinto equkethe malunga ne-alloys engamashumi amabini. Inenombolo yezinto ezahlukeneyo ezahlulahlula kwezinye izinto:

• Ukuqhubela phambili okuphezulu kunye nokuqhutywa kombane;
• I-Monolithium nokuxhathisa intshabalalo;
• ukuthamba kunye nokuthamba kwesihlobo;
• ukukwazi ukubonisa ukukhanya;
• I-Static kwi-InErt Retivies;
• Indawo ephantsi yokunyibilika.

Iinkcukacha ezinjalo Ibango lesilivere yezobugcisa kumashishini ahlukeneyo . Ipropathi yayo ye-physic ye-physic kunye neekhemikhali, njengexesha elide lokusetyenziswa kunye nokulwa nokuchasa, yenza uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo.

Ihlala isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezinjalo: amayeza, inqwelo moya, ubunjineli kunye nobunjineli boMbane.

Kwi-pawnshop, ixabiso legram enye yesinyithi esinjalo iya kuba malunga namashumi amathathu ee-ruble.

Ukwakhiwa

Inqaku elibalulekileyo lesilivere yezobugcisa Ukucoceka kwinqanaba eliphezulu - 99.9% . Kule meko, inani lazo zonke iintlobo zokungcola lilingana ne-0.1%. Kodwa kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba, ngokwahlukileyo kwi-chibbry yesilivere, Umsebenzi ophambili wale ntsimbi ayisiyiyo i-aesthetics, kodwa intsingiselo yokwenziwa kobunjineli berediyo.

Kubucoceko lwensimbi-isiseko sokuqhubela phambili kwe-thermal kunye nendlela yombane, yenza oku kube nentsingiselo kumzi mveliso.

Ukujonga le pesenti encinci yokungcola, siqaphela Izinto eziphambili: i-nickel, ubhedu, igolide, njl. Ihlala ihlala kwintsimbi ecocekileyo I-999 isampulu Kodwa kwimeko yokuba iqulethe ngaphezulu kwe-10% yobhedu, emva koko isampulu iya kuba yi-800.

Isampulu ye-830. Ichaza inyani yokuba ukungcola ziigram ezili-170, kunye ne-REMS eseleyo - isilivere uqobo. Ezo sinyithi zisetyenziswa ikakhulu ngeenjongo zokuhombisa (xa kusenziwa imihombiso okanye izixhobo). Eli nqaku kwimveliso yezitya zekhaya libanzi (iiglasi zesilivere, iikomityi, iiconsko, iifolokhwe, njl.njl.).

Ibonakaliswa ngamandla aphezulu kakhulu kwaye ukumelana nazo zonke iintlobo zomonakalo womzimba.

Isilivere s. Ilori 875. Ngu-Arey Whiterey kwaye awukakufanelekeli ukwenza ubucwebe. Uninzi luhlala lusetyenziswa kwizindlu zezakhi kunye nee-wristuts. Kwezi ntsimbi, inani lezongezo zongezelelo zibonakalise ukubonakaliswa kwayo nakuphi na ukonakala komzimba.

Njengoko uyazi, sisilivere Iimveliso ezingama-925 Ilungele ukwenza ubucwebe. Isinyithi kubandakanya isilivere kunye nobhedu ngohlobo olunje: 92.5% kunye ne-7.5%, ngokulandelelana.

Kuhle Ukuqulunqwa kwesilivere yezobuchwephesha kubonakaliswa ngolona lucoceko lukhulu lwensimbi kunye nokungabikho kokungcola kokungcola . Zizinkcukacha eziguqukayo kwaye zithambile, ngoko zibaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni izixhobo zobunjineli bobunjineli kwirediyo.

Ungahlula njani kwi-gebbry?

1. le Intsimbi "ibalasele", ngaphandle kongeziso Oku, ngokwahlukileyo kwi-analogue yejwabi lobucwebe, iyakwazi ukubushushu ngokupheleleyo kunye nokuqhutywa kombane, ukubonakalisa ukukhanya, okuvumela izinto ukuba zivelise iinxalenye zonke zezixhobo.
2. Ikhrayitheriya ebalulekileyo - isampulu. Xa usenza izihombiso ezahlukeneyo okanye izixhobo, uvavanyo oluphezulu alulunganga, kuba owona msebenzi uphambili weli mpawu kukudalwa kweemveliso eziqinisekileyo, ezinokuthenjwa eziya kuhlala ixesha elide. Kunye nenketho yezobuchwephesha, njengoko ichazwe apha ngasentla, ithambile kakhulu kwaye iguqulwe.
3. Njengoko sele sisazi Isilivere yemizi-mveliso iqulethe kuphela i-0.1% kuphela yongezwa Kwaye ke, ukujonga ukuba iyakwenza, kuya kuthatha ulwazi malunga neengongoma eziphambili. Ungagalela iviniga kuyo nayiphi na inkcukacha-inkqubo ye-oxidation ifanele yenzeke. Okanye uya kukunceda ukwehla kwe-iodine, emva koko inyibilikisi. Oku kuthetha ukuba imveliso iqulethe ipesenti ephezulu yesilivere ecocekileyo.
4. Kwaye ekugqibeleni, ngaphandle kwento yokuba inani lezinto ezingcolileyo liphantsi, kodwa Ezinye izinto zahlulwe yile ntsimbi ukusuka kwi-jeelry. . Umzekelo, ubukho be-nickel bunokubangela impendulo ye-allergic kunye ne-ityching. Kwaye amacici anemixholo yale nto inokukhokelela kwimiphumo emibi ngakumbi.

Ubukho bokukhokelwa busongela inkangeleko yentloko, ukukhubazeka, njl njl.

Ke, kukho inani lemizuzu ephambili eliza kukunceda ukwahlula isilivere yobugcisa ukusuka kwinto esebenza njengesiseko salo lonke uhlobo lweehombo kunye nezinto ezichongiweyo.

Iphi iqulethwe phi?

Uphi olona londolozo lwezobugcisa? Kusezixhobo zangoku, kodwa Kwivolumu enkulu-kuphela kwizixhobo zeSoviet. Zonke izinyithi ezixabisekileyo ezazigcinwa kwiinkcukacha zazikwifom yayo ecocekileyo. I-Accitete Accounting yaqhutywa emva kwabo, njengoko besenza ixabiso elikhulu.

Isinyithi esixabisekileyo sezixhobo ezikhoyo kunye neenkcukacha:

• Iifoto kunye nemifanekiso ye-X-rays;
• Iingcingo kumzi-mveliso wokuhamba ngenqwelomoya kunye nobunjineli bobuchwephesha;
• Iitshipsi, iitshiphu, abafowunelwa, iiplagi, iziseko;
• Izindlu zerediyo kunye nezixhobo zombane, iinkcukacha zabo;
• Iibhetri, ukutshintshela, ukutshintshela.

Isetyenziswa phi?

Isilivere yezobuchwephesha ixhamli kwinani leempawu ze-phycochemical olwenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwimveliso Izixhobo zerediyo. Njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, inqanaba lokungcola kwisinyithi liphantse lilingana ne-zero, nangona kunjalo, i-nickel, ubhedu, lukhokele kwaye longezwa ukuphucula ukuchithwa kwayo. Ukusasazwa ngokubanzi kwento efunyenweyo kwimveliso yabathengi.

Olona phawu lubalaseleyo lobhedu / lwesilivere lusetyenziselwa ukwenza zonke iintlobo zezixhobo zerediyo, izixhobo zetekhnoloji ye-elektroniki, kunye nonxibelelwano lwe-Special Ravants.

Kwimeko apho inani lesilivere lilawula, emva koko Unxibelelwano luhlala luhleli kwaye aluchasi . Ngomxholo wobhedu unokuxhomekeka kwiingxaki nentshabalalo. I-Palladium Walloy ngentsimbi yobugcisa igqitha kakhulu kumzekelo ongentla. Ngenxa yobukho be-sulfure kunxibelelwano lwabo Iphawuleka ngokuxhathisa ukuvela kokungabikho kokungakhathalelwanga kwi-curvature.

Ungafika njani ekhaya?

Ndifuna izandla zakho zicoceke isilivere ekungcoleni ukufumana intsimbi ecocekileyo, kodwa akwazi ukuba njani? Siza kukunika i-algorithm yezenzo ofuna ukubambelela kuzo.

Kucetyiswa ukuba ukufumanise ukuba zeziphi izinto ezingcolileyo eziqulathwe kukwenziwa kwesinyithi (igolide, i-nickel, ipalladium, ubhedu, khokela).

Ukusukela ekhaya akukho zixhobo zelebhu, kodwa zikho ezinye iindlela zokuqaqambisa ezi zongezo.

1. Yimfuneko Ukusasaza isinyithi ukuya kwelona lincinci lincinci emva koko lenze unyango nge-nitric acid . Qiniseka ukuba ulandela imithetho yokhuseleko xa usebenza neekhemikhali, qhuba igumbi ukuze ungafumani ityhefu. Hlanganisa ukuqeshisa ngentsimbi kukwehla de kube ngokugqibeleleyo. Ukuba ufumana isithunzi esiqaqambileyo ngenxa yesiphumo, iphakamisa ukuba iqulethe ubhedu.
2. Into enjalo efana ne-sodium sulfate iya kukunceda chonga ubukho bakho bokuqulunqwa kwayo . Emva kovavanyo olwenziwe, ukukhokelwa kufuneka kuwele kwi-sediment.
3. Ubhedu lunokugqitywa ngu-Ammonia yeyiphi eyona ipeyinta kwibala elibhaliweyo elibhengeziweyo. Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele! Ukukhangela ezongeziweyo ngaphakathi kwentsimbi exabisekileyo, sebenzisa iziqwenga ezitsha ngalo lonke ixesha ukuphepha zonke iintlobo zeempazamo.
4. Emva koko Isilivere eyahlukileyo kwi-Copper . I-sediment yesiphumo kufuneka ibe yingqungquthela yokungaguquguquki eyomileyo, kwaye emva koko fuse. Ke ngoko, amasuntswana esilivere aya kuyiphumelela inkqubo yokungazibeki kuyintsimbi, ngelixa izinto ezisele ziba zii-oxide.

Xa usebenzisa i-acetic acid, ukungangqinelani okuseleyo kukhethwa ngokukhethekileyo ukucocwa kwaye emva kokubhoboza isisombululo setyuwa. Ngomyalelo ochanekileyo nolandelayo kunye nomsebenzi onzima, uya kuphumelela iziphumo ozifunayo.

Kuyaziwa ukuba intsimbi exabisekileyo eqingqiweyo ixabisa kakhulu kune-clic clic scrap. Ke ngoko, umsebenzi wakho uya kuxatyiswa ngokuchanekileyo. Kodwa hlala uyikhumbula loo nto Le nkqubo inzima kakhulu ukubanika okokuqala, njengoko ifuna ubuchule kunye nezakhono.

Ukuqukumbela, singayithetha loo nto Isilivere yezobugcisa-ayisiyo eyona ntsimbi iqhelekileyo. Inezinto ezininzi eziyahlula kwi-chibbyry yesilivere. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba le nto isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso yezixhobo zeSoviet, igcina ukuthanda kwakhe kwaye okwangoku.

Isishwankathelo sonxibelelwano olubiyela kakhulu luboniswa kwividiyo.