Ngaba uBomi obuSheriweyo: Ngaba kukho amanzi, amanzi asecaleni kunye nezinye iziqholo? Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise amanzi agqithisileyo kwaye yimalini?

Xa uthenga iziqholo, kubalulekile ukuba uqiniseke ukuba ivumba elikhethiweyo lihambelana nokukhethwa, kodwa nakwinyani yokuba ubomi beshelpiki baphelelwe lixesha. Ungajonga olu lwazi ngeendlela ezininzi.

Luluphi ulawulo lwexesha lokugcina?

Kukholelwa ukuba kwipakethi evaliweyo, iisampulu zeziqholo zigcinwa iminyaka eliqela. Imigangatho yamazwe amaninzi kakhulu aseYurophu inciphisa isithuba iminyaka emi-5, naseRussia ngokungqinelana nee-GAGES ezisisiseko ("Iimeko eziqhelekileyo zobuGcisa zoLutywala", "imithetho yeemveliso ze-aerosol" kunye "neemfuno ngokubanzi zezinto ezingamanzi") Eli xesha lisetelwe ukulingana neenyanga ezingama-36. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali ezininzi zikholelwa ukuba iziqholo ezisemgangathweni eziphezulu zinokusetyenziswa okwexeshana, kwaye inani eliqhelekileyo leenyanga liboniswa ngabavelisi ukuba baphephe isimangalo kunye nezinye izikhalazo.

Nditsho nohlobo lwehlabathi oludumileyo lwe-chalner kwiiphakheji zalo zishiya ulwazi ukuba iimveliso zigcinwe iminyaka emi-3 ngaphambi kokungafakwanga kwaye kungabi ngaphezu konyaka omnye - emva kwayo.

Elona xesha liphezulu lobukho be-aroma limisiwe kuxhomekeka kwitekhnoloji kunye nenqanaba lemveliso nemveliso, umgangatho wayo kunye nokwenziwa, kubandakanya izinto zendalo kunye nezahlulelo. Eyona nto iphambili iseyinto echanekileyo yebhotile. Nangona uninzi lwemimoya lungakwazi nangaliphi na ixesha kwimeko ekuhambeni kwexesha, abanye babo ngeminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 ubudala, ngokungathi iwayini, ifumane imvumi ekhoyo, ngakumbi etsala i-connoissemges ye-vintage. Kwenzeka, nangona kunjalo, ukuba ibhotile iphinde ivalwe kwaye igcinwe kwindawo efanelekileyo.

Ithini?

Ukuba uthenga iimveliso zasekhaya kwiphakeji yomzi-mveliso, emva koko fumanisa ukuba ubomi beshelf filf ilula- ihlala ibonakaliswa emazantsi ebhokisi ngaphandle. Ungabona nawuphina umhla oya kuthi uqhume (inyanga kunye nonyaka wokuphelelwa), okanye inqaku lokwenziwa kwemimoya kunye nenani leenyanga ekufuneka lisetyenziswe.

Ihlala iboniswa ngolwazi malunga nokuba imali ininzi igcinwe kwindawo evaliweyo, kunye nokuba yintoni ebomini bayo ukusebenza kwayo emva kokuvula iphakheji. Kwakhona, ezi datha zikwisiko ukuba zibekwe kwitanki ngokwayo.

Kwityala, Xa imimoya yadalwa phesheya, isitikha esivela eRosstandart sihlala sibhabha kwibhokisi yekhadibhodi. Esi sincamathelisi sibonisa uhlobo olufanayo lolwazi. Ibhokisi kufuneka ibonakaliswe ngomhla wokuqinisekiswa kwesatifikethi seemveliso ezingeniswe elizweni ngaphandle kweminyaka emi-3.

Ngokusisiseko, Kuxhomekeka kumvelisi, ubomi beshelup yespile bunokuchazwa ngeendlela ezininzi. Eyona ixhaphakileyo ngumzuzu wendalo kunye nomhla webhotile. Mhlawumbi ukuchongwa komsantsa ukusuka kumzuzu le phakheji ivuliwe.

Ezinye iinkampani zaseYurophu ziyala ukumisela amanani ukuba imimoya iyakwazi ukugcina ukusebenza kwabo iminyaka engaphezu kwe-2,5.

Iindlela zokumisela

Ukujonga ubomi beshelflel bunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezininzi. Rhoqo ukumisela ulwazi oluyimfuneko lunceda iiClaysity ezikhethekileyo ezikhethekileyo, izicelo kwifowuni kunye neewebhusayithi kwi-Intanethi. Indlela yokuqinisekisa iyazimisela ngokuxhomekeka kwileyibhile kunye nelizwe lemveliso.

Ngokuthenga ngokuthi, akukho ngqiqweni ukuphonononga iikhowudi. Ukufaneleka kwe-Pepefume kugqitywa yinkangeleko yayo (umbala wendalo, ukungabikho kweyona ndawo iphantsi), kunye nevumba-alikho kwimeko apho kufanele ukuba kuthathelwe ukubakho.

Akukho nto ibaluleke kakhulu kwaye ejonge ibhotile ngokwako. Ubuqhetseba, iitshipsi nezinye iingxaki zokuqina kokuqina zikhokelela ekwemkelweni kwi-oxide yomlomo, kwaye ke ngoko iivumba.

Ngekhowudi ekhethekileyo

Fumana ulwazi malunga neqela luya kuba kwikhowudi ekhethekileyo - iiseti zoonobumba bedijithali kunye no-alfabhethi, ezibonisa inani le-batch yemveliso, kunye nexesha lokugcina. Ubume bokulandelelana awuyomgangatho, ke iinkampani zinokusebenzisa isaziso sabo.

Umzekelo:

• Kwindlu yefashoni umKristu duor Okokuqala, unyaka webhotile (idijithali yokuqala) ifundwa, kwaye emva kwenyanga (A-Januwari, b-kuFebruwari kwaye ngakumbi);
• Kwi-brand armni. Umlinganiswa wesibini uthetha ixesha lokuvelisa (F-2010, Google), kwaye la manani amathathu alandelayo anoxanduva ngalo mhla;
• Kwikhowudi ye-batch yoomoya la prairie Okokuqala, ngunyaka wokukhululwa (isimboli sokuqala samanani), emva koko ngeveki (yesibini neyesithathu), kwaye emva koko usuku (lesine).

Le khowudi idla ngokuhlala kufutshane nekhowudi nganye. Ingaprintwa, icekeceke okanye inamathiselwe kumphezulu wepakethi. Ukubala ngokuchanekileyo ikhowudi ye-batch, kufuneka ubuze umqondiso ofanelekileyo ovela kumthengisi okanye ufumane idatha eyimfuneko kwiwebhusayithi esemthethweni.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqiniseke ukuba umlinganiswa omiselweyo uhambelana nebhotile nakwiphakheji.

Ibhakhowudi

Qonda ukuba ungayisebenzisa ixesha elingakanani imveliso emva kokuvula, iya kuthi ikwazi ukusebenzisa ibhakhowudi. Olu phawu lokuchonga lulandelwana lwemigca yobubanzi obahlukeneyo kwaye ibekwe kwibhokisi nganye. Umthengi ngokwakhe akazukuqonda ukuba leliphi okanye enye into ebizwa ngebhakhowudi, ke inamba iya kufuneka ingeniswe kwindawo ekhethekileyo.

Njengommiselo, amanani okuqala ama-2-3 abonisa ilizwe lokwenza, "46" luphawu lweRussia, kunye "64" - iFinland. Ukulandelelana "ezingama-300" kunye "379" kulandelelwano lweFrance, kunye "ne-800" kunye "ne" 839 "- ye-Itali. Uninzi lwabantu, e-European Eaan-13, oludibanisa oonobumba abali-13, kunye ne-American DEC-12, kubandakanya amanani ali-12 avele kwintengiso. Kuyenzeka ukuba usebenzise i-UPC eguqulelwe kwi-EAN - kule meko, ekuqaleni kongezwa i-0.

Ukuba akukho datha kwiphakheji, unokujonga kwimigangatho eyamkelekileyo ngokubanzi.

• Ubomi beshelup yemimoya (kubandakanya ioyile) kwibhotile etywiniweyo yiminyaka emi-2, nakwiinyanga ezi-10 ezivulekileyo. Ngokutsho kwe-gost, sikule meko malunga neziqholo zithetha, ezinama-96% otywala kunye ne-15 ukuya kwi-20% yeoyile efanelekileyo.
• Iziqholo zamanzi kwifom evaliweyo inokugcinwa iminyaka emi-3, kodwa emva kokuvula eli xesha incitshisiwe kwiinyanga ezili-18.
• Ubomi beshelufu yamanzi abaziindlu zangasese kwifom etywiniweyo ziinyanga ezingama-48, nakwindlela evulekileyo - iinyanga ezingama-24. Le mveliso iqulethe i-80-90% yotywala kunye ne-4-10% yeoyile efanelekileyo.
• I-cologne engachazwanga (i-70% yotywala, i-2-5% izinto ezivuthayo) zinokugcinwa iminyaka emi-5, ngelixa ivulekile kufuneka isetyenziswe iminyaka emi-2.

Ungandiswa njani?

Ukwandisa isenzo seziqholo emva kokuvula, kuya kufuneka uqonde izinto ezininzi ezilula.

• Eyona nto iphambili kukuzama ukuzimela ngokuzimeleyo kulwelo, kuba utywala, kwaye i-vodka iya kuyonakalisa isandi nokuba i-flavour ilula. Kule meko, utywala buya kukhanya ngokuqaqambileyo 'buya kuthi ", kwaye utshintsho kumlinganiso weoyile ebalulekileyo kwaye ilungu lotywala liya kwenza imimoya engafanelekanga ukuba isetyenziswe.
• Isikhombisi esingafakwanga kufuneka sivale isiciko ngokuqinileyo, kwaye ukuba akunakwenzeka ngenxa yesizathu esithile, kuya kongeza ukusebenzisa itywina elikhethekileyo. Ngokufumana rhoqo ngentamo evulekileyo, utywala kwisiqhumiso siqala ukukhupha, oko kunciphisa ubomi babo. Imveliso entle ikhusela imixholo yebhotile yesitshizi.
• Iziqholo akufuneki zigqitywe kwesinye isikhongozeli, ngakumbi ukuba ihleli emva kwesinye isikhombisi, kwaye ihlala ishukumisa.
• Iibhotile kufuneka zigcinwe kwindawo emnyama, zikhuselwe ekuguqukeni kwamaqondo obushushu kunye nenqanaba lokufuma. Kubalulekile ukuba isitya sihlala sihlala kwindawo ethe nkqo.
• Ukuba i-sheds sheds, ke ayikufanelekile ukuyifumana kwakhona. Ngaphakathi, ngokuqinisekileyo baya kuwa kwiintlobo kunye ne-crumbs, ethi, oko, kuya kubangela i-arama engapheliyo.
• Ewe, ngokubanzi, kucetyiswa ukuba ukufumane indalo yoqobo yezimpawu ezaziwayo eziqukethe isixa-mali sotywala kwaye sidalwe kwisiseko samacandelo eekhemikhali okanye ioyile ebalulekileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba banikezelwe kwizikhongozeli zeglasi, kwaye bangabi ngeplastiki, kungenjalo baya konakalisa ngokukhawuleza.
• Iingcali zincomela ukugcina iziqholo kwipakethi yomzi-mveliso okanye enye ibhokisi emdaka, njengoko ilitshozi lelanga ngqo elenziwe ngulwelo lwe-fluid (benza umbala we-Pepfiumery). Ibhotile engafakwanga ixabisa ngokuqinileyo kwiphakheji ye-polythylene.
• Kungcono ukubeka imithombo kude kwiindawo ezinomswakama, ke igumbi lokuhlambela, ngaphandle kwazo zonke iindawo ezilula, azilungelanga le njongo.
• Abanye abantu bayakwazi ukugcina isiqholo nakwifrijini, kodwa isisombululo esinjalo sibi ngakumbi kunegumbi lokuhlambela - kuya kufuneka siphoswe kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.
• Eyona nto ifanelekileyo ithathelwa ingqalelo yishelufa emdaka, apho iqondo lobushushu ligcinwa ukusuka kwi-17 ukuya kwi-25 degrees kunye ne-suidity ephakathi (engaphantsi kwe-70%, ngaphandle kwehla ngequbuliso). Umzekelo, inokuba yi-windows kwigumbi elishushu okanye kwitafile yebhedi kwigumbi lokuhlala apho umoya we-ventilation ulungile.
• Ibhotile kufuneka ilungiswe kwimeko eqingqiweyo, ke kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukwala ukuyiphatha kunye nawe ebhegini okanye kwindawo yokubekwa kwi-cawer yetafile.
• Izinto eziphathekayo zangaphandle mazingafakwanga ngaphakathi kwibhotile, ke ukuba i-Pefume isetyenziswa ngaphandle kwesitshizi, intamo ayifanele ibonakaliswe ngokuqinileyo kulusu okanye iimpahla. Imimoya iyakwazi ukudala impendulo nokuba amasuntswana amancinci olusu.
• Kwindawo evulekileyo, umzekelo, itafile yendlu yangasese, kuphela iisampulu ezisebenzisa rhoqo, eziza kusetyenziswa ngokuqinisekileyo kude kube sekupheleni kweXesha lokugcina. Ngendlela, iibhotile zeMatte nazo zingafihli.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise isikhombisi esigqithileyo?

Abafazi abaninzi bakhathazekile malunga nalo mbandela, kuyingozi ukusebenzisa amathuba ngokuphelisa ubomi beshelpi. Kwimigaqo, sebenzisa isiqholo kwiinyanga ezili-12 emva komhla omiselweyo okanye emva kwexesha, ukuba akukho zimpawu zorhwaphilizo lwemveliso. Ngamanye amaxesha, ixesha elongezelelweyo loluliwe ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3.

Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo kwemimoya engasasebenziyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba kuvavanywe kwi-inile banktha ye-elbow.

Ukucaphuka kwesikhumba, ukubonakala kwamabala amachiza okanye amabala abomvu, iintloko zentloko kunye nempumlo ebalekayo-umqondiso wokuba ulwelo lungafanele lutshizwe kulusu. Abantu abanee-aschials ze-bhokisi yeBhokisi yomgaqo banokusindisa ubomi.

Iimpawu zempapasho yemveliso zibandakanya utshintsho kwiphunga okanye imbonakalo ye-sediment engaqondakaliyo. Kwimeko yokuqala, amanqaku amnandi etyhoboza utywala okanye i-turnover eyahlukileyo ivela, kwaye kwi-spell yesibini ivumba iba yi-herbal okanye i-vissoction ilahlekelwe ngamacandelo. Kwileta enjalo, inxalenye ye-notch ivela ukuba ikhutshiwe, inxalenye inyamalale, kunye nenxalenye, ephikisayo, ifumana ubukhali nobuqili.

Xa i-sediment emdaka okanye ityheli ivela ezantsi, amasuntswana azinza, kwiimeko ezininzi ichaphazela ivumba. Ukungqinelana kunokutshintsha kwi-Pepefume (umzekelo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi okanye uvele), kunye nokutshintsha umbala.