Ubomi kunye ne-biotechnology kwaye bube yingcali eyimpumelelo kule ntsimi inokuba nenkqubela phambili kwiiSayensi ezifana ne-chemistry kunye nebhayoloji. Kuya kufuneka ilungiselelwe umsebenzi wexesha elizayo ngaphambi kokuba usebenze - ngubani ongugqirha webhayilogi kwaye oko kuzibandakanyayo.
Iimpawu zomsebenzi
Abafana abaninzi kunye namantombazana Biotechnology itsalela into yokuba lo ngumsebenzi wexesha elizayo. Kukho ithuba elikhulu lokufumana izinto ezifunyenweyo, negalelo kuphuhliso lwalo nqanaba kwaye wenze nje into enomdla nethandekayo. Kukholelwa ukuba umsebenzi ukhohlakele kwaye unethemba elihle. Kodwa imbali yokuvela kwalo msebenzi ichithwe kwixesha elidlulileyo.
Inkcazo yakhe iphakamisa ukuba umxholo "we-biotechnology" uvakale ngo-1917 ukusuka emlonyeni wenjineli yaseHungas yaseCharles Ereki.
Esi senzo sesayensi siquka indlela ecwangcisiweyo yobomi bethu, kuba igxile kwimiba emininzi - imichiza, yebhayoloji, yezobugcisa, yezonyango, yonyango. Ngapha koko, ingcali ye-biotechnologist inokuzifumana kumanqanaba obomi bethu, konke kuxhomekeke kwinto yokuba kutsalwa ngakumbi kwaye yintoni anokufikelela kubuchule ngakumbi.
Ingcali enjalo inokwenza inkqubela kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo:
- I-Microbiology;
- imfuza;
- chemistry;
- Imolekyuli kunye neselula;
- indalo;
- Ishishini lokutya;
- iyeza.
Imisebenzi yezi ngqhiko ihlala iquka ukukhetha ezintsha kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo zokutya, ukusetyenziswa kwezityalo ezaziwayo kwiindlela ezintsha, ukudala iiarhente zamayeza.
Ukubaluleka koku kubaluleke ngayo kule profayili kunamayeza kunye nezifundo ezahlukeneyo ezinxulumene nale ndawo. Ngokukodwa, ngenxa yeendlela ezithile, unokubeka isifo esichanekileyo ngexesha.
Uxanduva
Imisebenzi yobungcali yeengcali ze-biotechnologion zingahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeka kwindawo apho le ngcali isebenza khona.
- Ukuba oku kuqhagamshelwe kunye neyeza lechiza, kuthathelwa ingqalelo kuphuhliso lweengoma zonyango, ukuphuculwa kwazo, utshintsho, ukuba kukho imfuneko. Kumqondo wakhe-ukumiliselwa kwetekhnoloji entsha yemveliso, ukuphuculwa kwangaphambili. Ikwayenza zonke iingxelo ezifanelekileyo malunga nobuqili. Kuba le yinkqubo enoxanduva - ukudalwa kweziyobisi, iivithamini, iisongezo zokutya, i-biotechnologist ayinalungelo lokungakhathali. Kuyimfuneko ukuba unomdla kakhulu kwaye unoxanduva kule ndawo.
- Ngaphandle kokuba i-biotechnologist inikelwe kwimisebenzi yophando, ithatha inxaxheba kuphuhliso ezahlukeneyo kunye novavanyo, ilungisa ibhalwe ingxelo. Kwimeko yeziphoso kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle, kuyasebenza ekupheliseni kwabo. Ukongeza, unokuzibandakanya kuphuhliso lweendlela ezinxulumene nazo.
- I-biotechnologist inganxulunyaniswa nendalo. Emva koko ulandela okusingqongileyo, ulawula ukulahlwa kwenkunkuma, abeke iliso kumgangatho womoya kunye namanzi, aphucule iminyhadala enokuphucula imeko yendalo, kwaye ibeka esweni i-ecofaction, kwaye ibeka esweni i-eulting.
- Ingcali ye-biotechnologist inokuziqonda kwishishini lokutya. Kwaye ke iimbophelelo zakhe zibandakanya ulawulo olungqongqo kumgangatho wezinto ezingafunekiyo kunye neemveliso, ukuthotyelwa kwayo yonke imigangatho yococeko, kunye nophuhliso lweendlela ezintsha zokucohlwa kunye neetekhnoloji, zazisa ebomini bayo yonke i-chain yonke.
- Kwaye kwezolimo, olu lwangcali lunokufunwa. Kule meko, ubandakanyeka ekuzayeni, urhoxisa i-hybrids entsha, iphuhlisa kuthetha ukulwa nezifo kunye nezitshabalalisi, kunye neendlela zokwenza izivungu.
Ulwazi nezakhono
Umsebenzi we-biotechnologist ufuna ukwazi ulwazi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Kwaye oku kukuthi, okokuqala, iziseko zeenkqubo zekhemikhali nezendalo. Ukongeza, nganye yendawo ifuna ulwazi lwayo. Ukuba ingcali isebenza kwiyeza, oko kukwazi komzimba womntu, ukusebenza kwamalungu. Kwishishini lokutya, kuyimfuneko ukuze baqonde ngokucacileyo iimveliso, izinto zabo, umxholo wezinto eziluncedo neziyingozi, yazi yonke itekhnoloji yokupheka izitya ezahlukeneyo.
Ukongeza kulwazi olubanzi kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo, olu lwazi kufuneka lube nenani leempawu eziza kumnceda kwaye azokwakha umsebenzi. Oku kubandakanya:
- ngokukhethekileyo;
- umonde;
- iintloko ezinkulu;
- ukukwazi ukuhlalutya iinyani ezahlukeneyo;
- ukukwazi ukucwangcisa izinto;
- ukuzama ukuziphucula;
- ukukwazi ukukhusela umbono wabo;
- Umnqweno wokuphucula umhlaba kunye nobomi bomntu;
- Umnqweno wokusoloko uyifikelela enyanisweni;
- uxinzelelo loxinzelelo;
- Amandla okufumana unxibelelwano nabantu.
Kwinkqubo yomsebenzi ayinakuthambile. Ke ngoko, ukongeza kwingqondo ephilayo, isiseko esininzi solwazi kunye nezakhono zobungcali, kufuneka ulungiselele ukuba imicimbi ethile iya kufuneka iconjululwe ngabantu - kodwa akunjalo kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Ngakumbi xa kufikwa kulwazi lwezesayensi kunye nophando lwezonyango. Kwaye, oko kuthetha ukuba amandla okwenza iingcinga zabo, ngokucacileyo nangokucacileyo ukubaveza nabo.
Ulwazi ngolwimi lwaseRussia kunye nentetho enobuchule ibalulekile. Xa unxibelelana noogxa bamanye amanye amazwe kwiingcali zebhayoloji, ziya kuba zifakwe kwaye isiNgesi.
Imfundo
Ukufumana umsebenzi we-microbiogist, kuya kufuneka ugqibe iiklasi ezili-11, emva koko uthathe iimviwo, ukongeza, ukongeza kwiKomishini yeZimpumelelo, kufuneka ukhethe ezo zifunekayo kwiyunivesithi ekhethiweyo. Ke ngoko, ngendawo yokufunyanwa kuya kufuneka ukuba uthathe isigqibo kwangaphambi kwexesha, kwaye ke, kuyimfuneko ukwazi malunga nendlela yokusebenza ngokungqalileyo kwingingqi leyo. Emveni kwakho konke I-biotechnologist inokusebenzisa ulwazi lwabo lwemihlaba eyahlukeneyo . Kodwa ngaphambi kokuba uthathe iimviwo zokuthatha isigqibo, kufanelekile ukuba unikele ingqalelo kwizifundo ezifanelekileyo, bhala izithuba ukuba zinjalo. Ukuba, umzekelo, esikolweni kunye nebhayoloji efanayo okanye ikhemikhali Kukho iingxaki, iziko okanye iYunivesithi aliyi kuba lula. Ngokuchasene noko, isiseko solwazi kufuneka siqinile. Esikolweni, ukongeza kwimathematics nakwiRussia, njengezinto ezongeziweyo, sebenzisa ibhayoloji, i-chemistry, isiNgesi. ERussia, kwiingcali zebhayoloji yezifundo ezahlukeneyo, kufundiswa kumaziko emfundo amaninzi. Kwizixeko ezikhulu, iintloko zommandla zinokufumana ngokuchanekileyo amandla apho kuya kuba khona ukufumana okukhethekileyo. Elo xesha loo mfundo linokuchazwa, umzekelo, oku kulandelayo:
- IYunivesithi yaseMoscow State Lomonosov;
- IYunivesithi yaseRussia State Agrian;
- IYunivesithi yokuqala yeMoscow State. I. m. sechenov;
- I-Moscow State University yemveliso yokutya;
- IZiko leTekhnoloji yoyinzo kunye nokutya kwe-biounishry;
- IZiko loBugcisa beMoscow.
- UPhando lweSizwe loPhando lwe-Polytechnic (Tomsk);
- IYunivesithi yaseUral. B. N. YELTSIN (Yekatinburg).
I-biotechnologist ngumsebenzi onzima, ofuna umgangatho ophezulu kunye nolungiselelo olucokisekileyo. Ke ngoko, sigqibe kwelokuba sizinikele kulo msebenzi, kuya kufuneka kwiziko lemfundo eliphezulu. Kodwa ukuba iimeko zikhule, kwaye emva kokuphumelela, ndakwazi ukufumana imfundo kwiKholeji yeKholeji okanye kwiSikolo soBugcisa, unokuhlala uguqula okhethekileyo kwaye ibhaliseleni eyunivesithi okanye kwiZiko. Kodwa ke kuya kufuneka uphumelele iimviwo eziyimfuneko xa ungena kwiziko elithile lemfundo. Olu lwazi kuya kufuneka lwamkelwe kwiwebhusayithi yeyunivesithi ngonyaka werisithi. Inokuba yiMathematics, ikhemistri, ibhayoloji, i-physics, isiRashiya nesiNgesi. Iingcali ezisele zisebenzela kwishishini okanye kwinkampani eqinileyo ngekhondo lezifundo zoqeqesho, ukuya kwiintetho ezahlukeneyo, iisemina, iisemidi, inkomfa, kodwa ziya kunxulunyaniswa ngqo nempumelelo yempumelelo iphuhlisiwe kwaye iphumelele impumelelo.
Isebenza phi?
Lo msebenzi unyanzelekile, kukho amathemba amakhulu emva kwayo, kwaye ukuba uyafuna, unokwenza umsebenzi obalaseleyo. Ingcali yolula emva kokuba iziko linokusebenza njengomncedisi welebhu encedisayo kwilabhoratri, apho benza uphando olunzima. Kwimveliso yamachiza, isenokuba ngumncedi. Umsebenzi uphela, kunokuba liziko lophando, amaziko ezonyango, amalatoratries, iifemu ezinxulumene nokukhusela kwendalo, amashishini okutya okutya.
Umvuzo wengcali enjalo uya kuxhomekeka kumava, amashishini, kwingingqi yendawo yokuhlala kwaye, kunjalo, umgangatho womsebenzi. Umsebenzi oxabisekileyo uya kuhlala eqaphela kwaye ancede ekwenzeni iimeko zomsebenzi opheleleyo opheleleyo kunye nomvuzo ofanelekileyo. Okokuqala, imbuyekezo yomsebenzi ingasusela kumawaka angama-25 ukuya kumawaka amawaka ama ruble, nasemva kokuba iphakame kakhulu. Ngokomyinge, eRussia, umvuzo wengcali enjalo uyahluka ukusuka kwi-25,000 ukuya kuma-50 000 000 rab. EMoscow kunye nezinye izixeko ezikhulu, kunokuba phezulu kakhulu.
