Elinye lawona maxesha abaluleke kakhulu kunye noxanduva ebomini bomntu ngamnye kukhetho lomsebenzi. Kwangelo xesha, kwinkqubo yokufumanisa indlela yomsebenzi wexesha elizayo, kunyanzelekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo ngeendlela ezininzi: izilangazelelo zobuqu kunye notyekelo, imfuno yomvuzo wemivuzo ye Umsebenzi kunye nokuninzi kakhulu.
Ukuba ukuqokelela kwizifundo zobugcisa (umzekelo, imathematics, ifizisi, ukuzoba), kuya kufuneka unikele ingqalelo kwisikhundla soMyili weNjineli. Namhlanje kwinqaku lethu siza kuqwalasela iimpawu zalo msebenzi.
Ngubani lowo?
Umyili weNjineli - Le yingcali ekuphuhliseni izakhiwo kunye nezakhiwo, ibala umthwalo oya kuba nazo zonke izinto eziphambili zento: Isiseko, izixhobo, izixhobo zokuphakamisa.
Olu lwangcali lunokubandakanyeka kumanqanaba obomi bomntu: Ijongana nemisebenzi yoluntu, ishishini, indawo yokuhlala, ukuthengisa kunye nolunye ulwakhiwo. Kule meko, izinto zinokwenziwa kwizixhobo ezahlukeneyo: intsimbi, ikhonkrithi, intsimbi, iinkuni, amatye. Injineli yobutshaba ekhethekileyo inzima kakhulu kwaye inoxanduva. Kumagxa engcali kukho umsebenzi ekwenzeni nasekuzaliseni imizobo, kunye namaxwebhu afanelekileyo eprojekthi.
Inkcazo kunye neempawu zomsebenzi Injini yoMyiki, eyimfuneko kwinto ethile, ibhaliwe ngokweenkcukacha kumsebenzi wobugcisa. Olu xwebhu, phakathi kwezinye izinto, luqulathe iimpawu zobugcisa zendawo yokwakha. Ingcali kufuneka iqhube kuvavanyo olufanelekileyo lomsebenzi, ukumisela ixesha elibekiweyo lokuphunyezwa kwayo.
Ngexesha lomsebenzi wakhe wobungcali, umyili wenjineli Yenza inani lemisebenzi, Kubandakanya ukubonisana nomthengi, ukudala umzobo woyilo, ukuphunyezwa kwemisebenzi yolawulo kunye nangaphezulu. Ukuba sithetha ngohlobo lomsebenzi wengcali, ke ihlala isebenza njengomsebenzi oqeshiweyo kwaye isebenza kwishishini iiyure eziyi-8 iiyure ezi-8 ngeveki.
I-Pros kunye noMsebenzi
Njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, injineli yoMyikisi sisikhundla esinoxanduva kakhulu esifuna umntu oqeqeshelwa umntu oqeqeshe uluhlu lwethiyori kunye nolwakhiwo. Ngokuhambelana, ufuna i-100% ngaphambi kwexesha ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufuna ukujongana nemisebenzi yobungcali. Ukuze uthathe isisombululo kunye nesisombululo esinesisombululo, kuya kufuneka uhlalutye ngononophelo kwaye uvavanye izibonelelo ezikhoyo kunye nezinto eziluncedo kwingcali.
Okokuqala, thetha ngempumelelo.
- Ukusekwa . Iinjineli zoMyili zingabasebenzi abafanelekileyo kakhulu abahlala besebenza kwimarike yabasebenzi. Nanamhlanje unokufumana inani elikhulu lezithuba ezivulekileyo kwimfundo ekhethekileyo. Ke, ukuba sifumene idiploma efanelekileyo, unokuqiniseka ukuba awuyi kuhlala ngaphandle komsebenzi. Ngokuchasene noko, abaqeshi bakhuphisana ngeengcali ezinobuchule, ke uya kuba nokukhetha.
- Isiphumo semisebenzi. Ngokungafaniyo nabanye bobugcisa abaninzi, uyilo lwenjineli-umyili unesiphumo esigqibeleleyo. Oko kukuthi, unokubona iziphumo zomsebenzi wakho. Olu phawu lunqabile kwaye luxatyisiwe ngabantu abaninzi kwiindawo zengqondo.
- Uyilo kunye nobuchule . Kwithuba lemisebenzi yabo yobungcali, injineli yoMyikizi ayifumaneki kuphela kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo, kodwa idla ngokusebenzisa kakhulu kubuchule bayo bokudala kunye nobuchule bokuyila. Ngenxa yoko, umsebenzi wakho lunokuba luhlobo oluthile.
- Inqanaba eliphezulu lomvuzo. Ukuba uthelekisa umvuzo wenjineli-umyili ophakathi komvuzo ophakathi kweli lizwe, emva koko sinokugqiba kwelokuba ikwinqanaba elingaphezulu komndilili. Ngenxa yomvuzo ofanelekileyo ofanelekileyo emsebenzini, umntu unokugcina inqanaba eliphezulu lobomi bakhe, kunye nokubonelela abantu esibathandayo.
Nangona kunjalo, ukongeza kwizenzo, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwi-minus.
- Uxanduva . Uyilo loMlawuli woMyili lunxulunyaniswa nomgangatho ophezulu woxanduva. Umsebenzi wengcali ichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ubomi nempilo yabantu, ngenxa yoko kufuneka ihlale inomdla kwaye ibaluleke kakhulu.
- Uxinzelelo oluphezulu. Ngokunxulumene nobukho benqanaba elichazwe apha ngasentla loxanduva olungasentla, ingcali igxile kwiimvakalelo eziqhubekayo kunye noxinzelelo, olunokuchaphazela kakubi impilo yengqondo nengqondo yomntu.
- Inkqubo yokuFunda elide nentsomi. Ukuze ukwazi ukufumana indawo yenjineli-uyilo, kubalulekile ukuba nemfundo efanelekileyo. Kwangelo xesha, inkqubo yokufunda ngokwayo inzima kakhulu, kuba indodana iya kufuneka ifumane inani elikhulu lezinto ezinzima. Ukongeza, kwagqitywa ingqalelo yokufumana izakhono ezisebenzayo. Ngokuhambelana, umfaki-sicelo kufuneka alungele imithwalo ephezulu.
Njengoko wawungakwazi ukuqaphela, izibonelelo zomsebenzi ongaphezulu okungakumbi. Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantu, kukho inani elibalulekileyo lokusebenzisa ukubala ngokupheleleyo kule ndlela yomsebenzi. Ngapha koko, kodwa ukhetho luhlala lukhona.
Uxanduva
Injineli yabo yemihla ngemihla yomfundi isebenza ngokungqongqo ngokungqinelana namaxwebhu asemthethweni, eyile Igosa, umgangatho wobungcali kunye namaxwebhu angaphakathi enkampani. Ngawo onke la maxwebhu, kufuneka ufunde kangangoko kunokwenzeka nangakumbi ngaphambi kokuba wamkele isimemo sengqesho. Khumbula ukuba ukungafezekisi okanye ukuSebenza kakubi kwemisebenzi yakho yobungcali, unokuthi unoxanduva (ukugxothwa kwi-ofisi kunye noluleko lokutshutshiswa kolwaphulo-mthetho).
Ngokubanzi, imisebenzi esebenzayo yomsebenzi wenjineli yoMyili ye:
- Ukuqokelelwa kwee-odolo zabathengi, ukuphuculwa kweeparamitha ezifanelekileyo (umhlaba, ezobugcisa kunye nesakhiwo, uyilo lwangaphandle olufunwayo kwaye ngaphezulu);
- Ukudala umxholo kunye nokuphunyezwa kwezibalo zokuqala;
- ukulungelelaniswa kweengcinga zabo kunye nomthengi;
- Uphuhliso lwee-skestes kunye nemizobo;
- Ukubonisana nabayili, abarhwebi kunye nezinye iingcali;
- Ukudalwa kweemodeli zenkqubo ye-computer yekhompyuter;
- ukuqhuba iimvavanyo zokuqala (umzekelo, ulwakhiwo lwamandla kunye ne-ergonomics);
- Ukuchongwa kunye nokupheliswa kwangoko iziphoso ezikhoyo kunye neempazamo;
- Inkcazo yeprojekthi yokugqibela kubunkokeli kunye nabathengi;
- ukwenza imisebenzi yayo ngokungqinelana nomsebenzi wobugcisa obumiselwe kwangaphambili;
- uphuhliso, ukulungiselela kunye nokuzalisa amaxwebhu adibeneyo;
- Ukuphunyezwa kolawulo kunye nemisebenzi yolawulo kubasebenzi abangaphantsi komhlaba.
Kwangelo xesha, kufanelekile ukuqwalasela ukuba lolona luhlu luchanekileyo loxanduva lokusebenza luya kumiselwa ngumqeshi ngokungqinelana nokukhutshwa kwenjineli.
Umzekelo, umqeshwa odidi lokuqala unokwenza kuphela imisebenzi elula, ayaliwe ukwenza izigqibo ezizimeleyo. Kodwa Ngokwanda kokukhutshwa konyusa umda woxanduva. Ke, umzekelo, ingcali ye-1 yodidi inokuhlala izikhundla eziphezulu.
Kufuneka inyangwe engqondweni enikezwe Uluhlu loxanduva lwengcali aluvalwanga. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba ilawulwa ngamaxwebhu achazwe apha ngasentla, umqeshi ngamnye unokutshintsha aze enze loluhlu olu luhlu ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zalo zobuqu, iisenti zeshishini kunye nezinye izinto. Yiyo loo nto, kuya kufuneka uhlale ulungile ukutshintsha kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokutshintsha kweemeko.
Iimfuneko
Ukuze ufumane ingcali ukuya ngokupheleleyo, ngokufanelekileyo ukuzenza imisebenzi yayo yobungcali, Kufuneka ihambelane nenani leemfuno. Ngaphezu koko, ukongeza kwiimfuno zomsebenzi, ezilawula abafundi, kukho iimfuno kunye neempawu zobuntu. Kuphela ukuba zonke iimpawu eziyimfuneko zidityaniswe kumlinganiswa wakho, unokuba yingcali yengcali, efanelekileyo kwimarike yabasebenzi kunye nemfuno phakathi kwabaqeshi.Ubungcali
Phakathi kwezinto ezinyanzelekileyo zenjineli yenjineli zinokubelwa:
- Ukusetyenziswa kwekhompyuter yakho kwinqanaba lomsebenzisi onamava;
- Ubunini beenkqubo zobunjineli bobunjineli obukhethekileyo-ILizwi le-MS, i-MS, i-Arachi Cad, Skad, +, uIra, uhlaziye;
- Ulwazi lweelwimi zasemzini (isiNgesi ubuncinci, ulwimi olongezelelekileyo lwangaphandle luya kuba yinzuzo);
- Ulwazi lwamaxwebhu olawulo kunye nasemthethweni, imithetho kunye nezenzo ze-subtitle zenzo ezilawula imisebenzi yengcali;
- Ukuqonda iindlela zobungcali zamva nje;
- Ulwazi oluchanekileyo lwemithetho nezokhuseleko.
Ubuqu
Ukongeza kwiimpawu zobungcali, uninzi lwabaqeshi banikela ingqalelo kwiimpawu zomenzi-sicelo kwisikhundla senjineli-umyili, kuba ingcali kufuneka ilingane neqela langoku kwaye iba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo. Phakathi kwezinto ezibalulekileyo zobuqu zihlala zabela:
- uxanduva;
- ukucingisisa ukucinga;
- ukukwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezizimeleyo;
- Ukungaxhathisi ngoxinzelelo kunye nokuzinza ngokweemvakalelo;
- Izakhono zobunkokeli;
- Izakhono zomsebenzi weqela;
- Ukunxibelelana;
- ukunikela ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha ezincinci;
- ngokukhethekileyo;
- ubuchule kunye nobuchule;
- Umnqweno wokuvela kunye nokuziphucula;
- Gxila ekufezekiseni injongo;
- umsebenzi kunye nenyathelo;
- Amandla okuphikisana.
Uluhlu lwezakhono ezingentla, izakhono kunye nomgangatho unokubizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho. Umntu ofuna ukuhamba ngenqanaba lomsebenzi kunye nokuphuhlisa kwicandelo lengcali ekhethiweyo, kufuneka azi kwaye akwazi ngakumbi. Ubukho bobuchule owongeziweyo kuya kukunceda ngemvelaphi yabanye abafaki-zicelo kwaye bakhule emehlweni omqeshi onokubakho.
Imfundo
Ukwenzela ukuba uthathe isikhundla sonjineli-uyilo, kufuneka ufumane imfundo efanelekileyo. Kwangelo xesha, ukuqala, ungasigqiba isikolo sobugcisa okanye kwikholeji (emva kweBanga le-9) kwaye kuphela emva koko uya eyunivesithi (ukuba ungangena kwiDyunivesithi kwangoko emva kokuba iBakala). Enye indlela okanye enye, kufanelekile ukukhumbula ukuba abaqeshi ngokwesiko bathanda iingcali ngemfundo ephezulu.
Xa ukhetha iziko elithile lemfundo, Gxila kula maziko abekwe kwizixeko ezikhulu zeRussia okanye kwikomkhulu lelizwe lethu. Imibutho yoqeqesho enandipha igunya kunye nentlonipho phakathi koluntu olufanelekileyo. Ngaphambi kokuba ungene eyunivesithi, kufuneka utyelele ikhomishini yokwamkelwa kunye nokufunda indlela yokuthatha izinto kwiimviwo zokwamkelwa.
Kwinkqubo yokufunda, yiya kwezona nyameko kwaye kwaye nithembekile. Zama ukufumana kuphela amanqaku aphezulu, kubaqeshi abaninzi, ukongeza kwidiploma ngokwakhe, bafuna abaviwa besikhundla kunye nesicatshulwa kwidiploma. Ukongeza kuqeqesho lwe-theoreting, nikela ingqalelo ekufumaneni izakhono ezifanelekileyo ezifanelekileyo.
Kuxhomekeka kwinkqubo yakho yokufunda, nakwinqanaba loqeqesho, Inkqubo yokufumana imfundo ingahlala ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kweli-6 (nangaphezulu nangaphezulu). Kwangelo xesha, ukuba ufuna ukuhamba ngenqanaba lomsebenzi, kuya kufuneka uyeke ekufumaneni imfundo esisiseko. Ihlala iqhuba iziqinisekiso zayo kwaye zazabalazela ukunika uluhlu oluphezulu.
Ifumana malini?
Izalathisi zomvuzo ophakathi wengcali zikwinqanaba lee-ruble ezingama-50 000. Nangona kunjalo, iingcali ezinamava nezinolwazi zinokufumana amaxesha ama-3 ngaphezulu. Njengomthetho, kodwa malunga nengcali efunyanwa yiyo, ezi zinto zilandelayo zichaphazela:- inqanaba lemfundo;
- izimvo zokusebenza;
- indawo yokuhlala;
- intsimi yomsebenzi;
- Icandelo (labucala okanye ilizwe).
Uzakusebenza phi?
Injineli yoMyiki inokusebenza kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi woluntu:
- Imekhenikhali yenjineri;
- ukwakhiwa kweenqwelomoya;
- indawo yokwakha inqwelo moya kunye nokwakha iinjini;
- Amashishini avelisa ifanitshala;
- Imibutho yeMoto;
- isebe lerobhothi;
- Umda wezakhi zentsimbi;
- Imibutho yoyilo;
- I-aterielips;
- Amanqanaba okuqhuba izityalo.
Ke, indawo ehambelana nenjineli yoMyili ivula iminyango kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Okokuqala, gxila kwimidla yakho kunye notyekelo.
Amathemba kunye nenqanaba lomsebenzi
Emva kokuphumelela, umfana uya kuba nakho ukuba ngumncedisi womncedisi-umyili okanye Ingcali ye-novice. Ixesha elingaphezulu nasemva kokufunyanwa kwamava ayimfuneko, unokufaka isicelo sendawo ephezulu- umzekelo, Inkosi okanye ingcali ekhokelayo . Ukongeza, injineli-umyili unethuba Vula eyakho yoyilo kwaye ube ngusomashishini.
