Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi

Anonim

Ngenxa yetekhnoloji yale mihla, ukufudumala umlilo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa i-microwave vens. Konke oku kuyenzeka ngoncedo lwezikhongozeli ezikhethekileyo, eziqhagamshelwe kwikhukhi kwaye ngoko nangoko yenza ukutya kushushu. Ezo zixhobo zinikezelwa kwintengiso enkulu kwaye ingahlukahluke kuphela ngemilinganiselo, uyilo, kodwa ikwavelisa izinto.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_2

Iimpawu, iiProsphe

Isidlo esishushu sesidlo sisixhobo esahlukileyo esikuvumela ukuba ufudumeza ngokulula ukutya usuku naphi na apho ixhotywe khona kwindawo yokuphuma kombane. Ibhokisi yesidlo sasemini yokutya yenziwa kungekuphela nje ngokufudumeza, kodwa nakwimveliso yokuhambisa. (Ungayithatha nawe xa uhamba kwaye usebenze, ukhanyisa kakhulu ukutya okwahlukileyo).

Ukongeza, iimveliso ezifanayo kulula ukuzisebenzisa, yiba ne-hermetic kwaye icoceke ngokulula.

Njengommiselo, zonke iitanki ezishushu zombane zixhotywe ngesivalo esincinci, esinemilo emnandi kunye noyilo olufanelekileyo.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_3

Eyona nto iphambili kwezi zikhongozelo kukuba akukho ndawo inokufikelela kwiindawo zabo apho unokufumana khona kwaye ufumane amanqaku okutya. Enkosi koku, izikhongozeli kunye nomsebenzi wokufudumeza kulula ukuhlamba. Iimveliso zeli ntlobo zenziwe ngeplastiki ekhethekileyo yeplastiki kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu. Ngokungafaniyo neetreyi zokutya eziqhelekileyo, izikhongozeli zinezinto eziphakamileyo zokufudumeza.

Njengommiselo, uninzi lweemodeli zinamacandelo ama-2 ezenzelwe ivolumu eyi-1 yeelitha. Igumbi lokuqala lenzelwe ukudlulisela iimveliso ezingamanzi (ixhotywe nge-hermetic id id), kwaye eyesibini yeyesilonda sesibini.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_4

Ukongeza, kuyilo olunikiweyo Igumbi labucala lokugcina i-cutrary enjalo, njengommese, ifolokhwe kunye neSpoon. Ibekwe kwisivalo sebhokisi, esivaliweyo ngokuthembekileyo kwicala ngalinye lisebenzisa ama-4 e-4.

Ukufakwa kwesilika kunye ne-clamps kubonelela ngokhuseleko ekuvuyeni nasekuqineni ngokupheleleyo.

Ukongeza, imveliso inayo Isiphatho esikhethekileyo sokuthwala efihliweyo kwimeko leyo ecaleni kwaye ikuvumela ukuba ubeke indawo efanelekileyo kwingxowa ebhegini. Ngokuphathelele intetho yokufudumeza, ingene kwinxalenye engezantsi yetyala kwaye isebenza kwinethiwekhi 220 V.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_5

Umgaqo wokusebenza kwesitya esishushu sesitya ilula kakhulu - ifowuni ibandakanyiwe kwikhupho kwaye ishushu. Ingathatha imizuzu emi-2 ukuya kwengama-20, konke kuxhomekeke kubushushu obuhleli nje, ukutya ngokwalo kunye nevolumu yayo. Kuba ubushushu bokusebenza kwesi sixhobo bungama-60 ° C, ukutya kukhafuzwa ngokulinganayo kwaye kuhlala kushushu kwezinye iiyure ezi-2.

Uninzi lweemodeli zixhotyiswe ngesalathiso esakhelweyo esazisa ngenkqubo yokufudumala.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_6

Ukuthandwa kwezikhongozeli zokutya kunye nomsebenzi wokufudumeza kuchazwa zizinto ezilandelayo:

  • ubungakanani obuncinci kunye nobunzima;
  • Uyilo olufanelekileyo ngesibambo kunye nesivalo esiphetheyo;
  • Ukwenzela ukwenziwa kwezikhongozeli, sebenzisa kakhulu impahla ekhuselekileyo, enobuhlobo nenqanaba eliphezulu;
  • Ubukho begumbi elikhethekileyo lokugcina i-cutlery kunye nezikhongozeli ngesivalo sokutya okungamanzi;
  • amandla okulawula ukusebenza kwesixhobo kunye nenkqubo yokufudumala ngenxa yobuso bophawu olulula;
  • Imveliso ikuvumela ukuba ufumane ukutya ngosuku;
  • Ukusebenza ngokulula.

Ke yona i-minus, ayinabo, ngaphandle kokuba iindleko zeemodeli ezahlukeneyo zinokuphakama.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_7

Iintlobo

Iibhokisi zokutya ezinemfesakile zinikezelwa kwintengiso yale mihla kwisiqinisekiso esikhulu. Banokuhluka ngokobukhulu, uyilo, kodwa zonke iimveliso zidibanisa into yokuba ziveliswe kuphela kwizixhobo ezikhuselekileyo nezihlala ezomeleleyo.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_8

Kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu zentsebenzo, izikhongozeli ezifudumeleyo zahlulwe zaza zangamacandelo alandelayo.

  • Kwiibhetri . Zenziwe nge-thelystrene ye-thermast emhlophe. Zilungele ukugcina ukutya okubandayo nokutya okushushu, ukuntywila ubushushu ukuya kwi-70 ° C. Isikhongozeli kwizinto ezinjalo sinamasebe amabini ahlukaniswe yisahlulelo. Iimveliso zixhotywe nge-hermetic isisidi kunye nesixhobo se-USB esikuvumela ukuba ufudumele ukutya nakwezo ndawo apho kungekho ukufikelela kwindawo yokuphuma.
  • I-elektroniki. Ezi meko zikhutshwa kwiplastiki yokutya, eyenzelwe ukufudumeza ukutya. Banokuba yintsimbi engenasigaba, iplastiki ye-ABS kunye nerabha. Uyilo lunesiciko kunye ne-silicone litywina kunye nezinto ezingenayo. Iimodeli ezinjalo zitya kuphela kwinethiwekhi kwaye zikuvumela ukuba ufudumeze iimveliso kwimizuzu emi-5. Umthamo wezikhongozeli ze-elektroniki ezinemibandela ivela kwi-0.9 ukuya kwi-1.5 yeelitha.
  • Iibhokisi ngomsebenzi wokufudumeza kwi-curigarette yemoto . Bahlala bakuxhobiselwe kuphela nge-wire, kodwa kunye nomda okhethekileyo, onokuqhagamshelwa kwi-curigarte. Ezo zixhobo zinokuthathwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwindlela kwaye ndihambe, njengoko zivumela ukuba ufudumeze ngokukhawuleza ukutya emzimbeni. Abavelisi bavelisa ezo zikhongozeli kwimibala eyahlukeneyo kunye nevolumu (ukusuka kwi-500 ml ukuya kwi-1 l). Ukongeza, iphakheji ibandakanya isalathiso se-LED, isipuni kunye nefoloko.
  • Amabala e-thermal kwabo bafundayo nabantwana abasebenza kwiibhetri. Umzali ngamnye ubalulekile ukunika umntwana wakhe ngesondlo esifanelekileyo, ngakumbi ixesha eklasini. Kwizifundo zempumelelo kunye nentlalo-ntle, kuyafuneka isondlo esipheleleyo, hayi ukutya. Ke ngoko, abantwana besikolo bafumana ibhokisi yesidlo sasemini ngomsebenzi wokufudumeza, obuthengiswa buthengiswa bugcwele zithengisa ubushushu kunye nomsebenzi kwiibhetri. Umthamo wezikhongozeli ezinjalo unokusuka kwi-0.6 ukuya kwi-0,8 iilitha.
  • Izikhongozeli zecandelo eliqela. Ezi modeli zibalulekile kwimeko apho kufuneka uthathe iinxalenye ezininzi zezitya ezahlukeneyo kunye nawe. Ngenxa yoyilo olukhethekileyo, iimveliso kwiitanki ezinjalo zigcina ingqibelelo kwaye azixubeki. Iseti ibandakanya i-tees ezininzi ezisuswayo zezifundo zokuqala, ezinokukhethwa kwi-microwave, kunye nesipuni kunye nekhava.
  • I-Bunk kunye nezitya ezibini eziphambili. Kwimodeli ezinjalo, hayi kuphela ukubekwa ngokuthe ngqo kwezinto kubonelelwe, kodwa kukufakwa kweetreyi kwimigangatho eliqela. Ezi zikwere ezitywiniweyo, ezijolise ikakhulu ukuba zisetyenziswe ngabantu abadala. Ukutya kunokufudumala kuvela kuwo zombini inethiwekhi yombane, emva kokudibanisa ifowuni kwindawo yokuphuma nakwimicrowave. Kukwathengiswa kukhetho olukhethiweyo lokukhetha izikhongozeli ezintathu ngoyilo lwabantwana.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_9

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_10

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_11

Imilinganiselo kunye nezixhobo

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, kunokwenzeka ukuba uhlangabezane nezikhongozeli zokutya ngomsebenzi wokufudumeza okwahluke kungekuphela ngogcino lwabo kuphela, kodwa nakwizinto zokwenza izinto ezibonakalayo. Njengommiselo, abavelisi bavelisa iitreyitha kwezi zinto zilandelayo zilandelayo.

  • Iplastiki. Iimveliso ezinjalo ziphawulwa ngokukhululeka, ixabiso elifikelelekayo, kodwa zibuthathaka kakhulu kwaye zikhonze ixesha elifutshane. Ngokwesiqhelo, iibhokisi zibandakanya amacandelo aliqela, ezikwenza lula ukuthwala iimveliso ezininzi. Ukongeza, izikhongozeli zeplastiki zinokwenziwa ngemibala eyahlukileyo, eyenza ukuba idume.
  • Iglasi . Olu khetho alunayona ithandwa kakhulu, kodwa isenokufumaneka kwimarike. Iitreyi ezinjalo zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukufudumala kwi-microwave.
  • I-Silicone. Esi sixhobo sisetyenziswa njengezinto zokufudumeza ezenziwe kwezinye izinto, okanye ukwenziwa kweetanki ezinezinto zokufudumeza. I-Silicone ithembekile, ngokuyisingqongileyo, ebonakalayo, ayiqokeleli intsalela yokutya, ethintela ukuveliswa kwentsholongwane. Iitreyi ze-silicone zinokwenziwa kuYilo olwahlukeneyo.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_12

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_13

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_14

Isikhongozeli se-metallic sifanelwe kukufumana ingqalelo eyahlukileyo, uninzi lwemveliso Umgangatho wensimbi ephezulu eyahlulahlulwa ngumzimba ophakathi kunye nokuchasana ne-oxidation xa kunxibelelana neemveliso.

Ngokuphathe ubungakanani, izikhongozeli zokutya ezinokubakho ukuba nokufudumeza kunokuba mncinci kwaye iphakathi. Iimodeli ezincinci zenziwa ngezi zinto zilandelayo: 23 cm (ubude), i-17 cm (ububanzi) kunye ne-11 cm (ukuphakama). Ubunzima babo abufaneliyo kwi-500 g. Kukho intengiso kunye neetreyitha ezininzi zetreyini.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_15

Uphononongo abavelisi

Izikhongozelo zokutya ezifudumeleyo ziboniswa kwimarike ngabavelisi abahlukeneyo, nganye nganye ivelisa iimveliso ezisemgangathweni eziphezulu kwindawo yemibala kunye noyilo. Ezona zibalulekileyo abavelisi abaye bafumana ingxelo ezininzi ezinokubakho zinokuchazwa kwezi brands zilandelayo.

Monbento.

Zonke iimveliso ezenziwe phantsi kolu phawu zibonakaliswa ngumgangatho ophezulu, kuba kukutya kuphela (i-eco-geqe) isetyenziselwa ukwenza i-PART. Phakathi koluhlu lwemodeli yalo veli, izikhongozeli zebhokisi yombane zifanelwe ziqwalaselwe. Ziyilelwe ukufudumeza kunye nokuhamba kokutya, ziquka iilori ezi-2 ezahlukeneyo.

Ukongeza, iphakheji ibandakanya kwaye Umthamo weSauce efakwe kakuhle kwenye yeetanki. Ukususela ekubeni isitya sokuphumla, emva koko kwimveliso yayo ixesha elide sihlala simnandi, sitsha kwaye sifudumele.

Kuyinyani, ngenxa yeendleko eziphezulu, isenokungavunyelwa ukuba ihlawulele.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_16

Emisa.

Olu phawu luye lwazingqina ngempumelelo kubavelisi babavelisi bezikhongozelo zokutya. Iklip kunye nemodeli ye-Micro esondeleyo iphawulwa kukuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ifudumeze kuyo ukusuka kwinethiwekhi yombane. kwaye zisuse ngokwahlukeneyo izikhongozeli kwaye uzibeke kwi-microwave. Uyilo lwemveliso luxhotywe ngesivalo se-hermetic, ke ngexesha lokuhamba, ukutya kulwelo akuhambi. Akukho lungelo ngaphakathi kwetreyi, ke intsholongwane ayisoze ivele kuyo. Iitanki ezinjalo kulula ukuzihlamba.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_17

I-Leyox

Lovelisi owaziwayo izikhongozelo zehlabathi jikelele Uchungechunge lolawulo olulula, Ebonelela ngokugqibeleleyo kunye nokuqina kwamanzi. I-transy igcina ubutsha bemveliso ixesha elide kunye nevumba aliphosi. Iseti yezikhongoji inamaqhinga ahlukeneyo e-0.36, 0.65, 1.1 kunye ne-1.7 yeelitha. Iimveliso kulula ukuzisebenzisa, njengoko iifayile ze-antip ezinamagqabi ziyilo. Bangaxhathisa amanqatha, ioyile, bahlambe ngokukhawuleza.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_18

Ungayikhetha njani?

Ukwenzela ukuba isikhongozelo sokutya esinomsebenzi wokufudumeza sisebenze ngokuthembekileyo ixesha elide, inoxanduva lokukhetha nokuthenga.

Kubalulekile ukuba uthathe isigqibo ngaphambi komenzi-kungcono ukukhetha le mveliso inengxelo yabathengi abafanelekileyo.

Ukongeza, kuya kufuneka ucinge ngento ehlala icwangciswa ukuba ithwalwe: izidlo zokuqala kunye nezidlo zawo. Kwindlela yesibini, kucetyiswa ukuba uthenge isikhongozeli ngenqanaba eliphezulu lokuqina, elinokukhusela ukutya ekuhambeni. Isikhongozeli esishushu kufuneka sidibanise Ukungcola kunye nokusebenzisana kakhulu.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_19

Ngexesha lokuthenga kubalulekile ukuba unikele ingqalelo kwizixhobo zefowuni.

  • Inani lamacandelo (iiofisi). Njengommiselo, uninzi lweemodeli lukhutshwa kwiseti epheleleyo ngeetanki ezininzi zenzelwe izitya ezahlukeneyo. Bayakuvumela ukuba ufudumele ukutya zombini ngaxeshanye kuwo onke amacandelo kwaye ngokwahlukeneyo. Iingcali zincoma ukuthenga isixhobo esiquka amandla ama-2-3 kwaye sixhotywe ngengxowa emdaka.
  • Igunya eliluncedo. Inokubala umntu ngamnye, kuba umntu wanele ukuba enze ukutya okukhanya, kwaye umntu ufuna ukuba nesidlo sasemini okanye isidlo sangokuhlwa. Ukukhetha ivolumu yesikhongozeli, kuyayimfuneko ukuhlalutya ukuba kuya kuba njani nam. Kubalulekile ukuba uthathele ingqalelo inani lezitya. Ngokwesiqhelo olona khetho luqhelekileyo kunye nolwendawo yonke le yimveliso yeelitha ezili-1.5.
  • Ubukho beelebheli zamanye amazwe. Ukuba iplastiki ibonakalisiwe i-fork, iglasi kunye "namaza", isitya sinokuqhelisela ngokukhuselekileyo ukufudumeza ukutya. Ukungabikho kokumakisha, kuya kufuneka ucinge ngomgangatho weemveliso, kuba kungenzeka ukuba idlule kwizifundo zelebhu.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_20

Imigaqo yokusetyenziswa kunye nokukhathalela

Emva kokuba kuthethwa isikhongozelo sokupheka, kuya kufunda kuphela ukuba uzisebenzise ngokuchanekileyo.

Inqaku eliphambili lelinye kufuneka yaziwe: Nokuba yeyiphi imodeli kunye nomgangatho wetreyi, andikwazi ukugcina ukutya ixesha elide.

Kwisitya solwelo kunye neziselo kungcono ukongeza I-thermos . Ii-Soude, ezihlala zisetyenziswa kutyando, kufuneka zifakwe ngokwahlukeneyo kwisitya esincinci kwaye sifakwe kwisitya kwangoko ngaphambi kokuba utye. Isonka esiya kwisitya asikhuthazwayo.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_21

Imifuno kufuneka ihlanjwe kwangaphambili emanzini aqhubayo kwaye inqunywe ngaphambi kokutya. Ukuba oku kwenziwe ngaphambili, iimeko zokugcina zinokuphazamiseka, kwaye imifuno izakuphulukana nomda wevithamini kunye nobume. Oku kuyasebenza nakwimifuno- ihlanjwa kwaye yomiswe ngamathowuli ephepheni.

Isikhongozeli ngasinye sombane sinesicelo esipheleleyo sokusetyenziswa apho abantu banokuziqhelanisa. Uninzi lweemodeli zixhotyiswe ngezalathi ze-LED ezivumela ukuba ulawule inkqubo yokufudumeza.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_22

Emva kokutya, zonke izikhongozeli kufuneka zityhutyha ngononophelo, ngakumbi ichaphazela iimveliso ezivela kwiplastiki, njengoko zikhawuleza zinuka. Zingcono ukuhlamba Ukuthengiswa kweSoda, kwaye ungaqhelekanga kwizitya.

Akucetyiswa ukuba ibekwe kwizikhongozeli zeplastiki ze-SIDS kunye namaxesha aneviniga kunye ne-lemon. I-curies yabo, kunye neetamatisi, ngokukhethekileyo zigcinwe kwizikhongozeli zeglasi, ezinokuhlanjwa nakuphi na ukhuseleko.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_23

Ukongeza, kufuneka unikele ingqalelo Markovka ichazwe kwiitreyi zeplastiki. Ukuba akunjalo, akunakwenzeka ukuba isebenzise imveliso, kuba akukho mntu unokuqikelela ukuba kuya kwenzeka ntoni kwiitanki emva kokufudumeza nokuhlamba.

Iingcali azingqinisisi ukuhlamba isitya esinjalo kwisitya sokuhlambela, kuba phantsi kwempembelelo yomgubo ochithachithe bhambathisi kuthetha ukuba ingenzanga.

Emva kwetanki nganye enesinki kufuneka yome.

Izitya zokutya ezishushu (iifoto ezingama-24): Iimpawu zebhokisi yokutya yombane yombane. Usebenzisa njani izikhongozeli ezishushu ngenxa yokufudumeza ubushushu? Uphononongo lwabathengi 10762_24

Olu phononongo lulandelayo luye lwanikezelwa kuyilo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesikhongozelo sendalo sokutya.

Funda ngokugqithisileyo