Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha

Anonim

Haween kasta waqti ka waqti waxay isbedelaysaa wax muuqaalkiisa ah. Waxaad si fudud u awood u yeelan kartaa inaad beddesho midabka ama hooska timaha oo leh rinjiga. Waxaa ugu wanaagsan xirfaddan ku-meel-gaarka ah iyo rinji badan oo caan ah oo ka soo jeeda shirkadda Jarmalka Schwarzkopf.

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_2

Kala-goysyada

Waa maxay astaamaha iyo faa'iidooyinka isticmaalka lacagahaas. Waa maxay sababta saxda ah ee rinjigani uu ula tacaali karo hawsha si ka wanaagsan kuwa kale? Ma ahan wax qarsoodi ah in ay jiraan ammonia ku dhawaad ​​mid kasta oo rinji ah. Sida la yaqaan, waxa ku jira xad-dhaafka ah waxay saameyn xun ku leedahay qaab-dhismeedka timaha kasta, u nugul iyo qalalan oo ay bixiyaan.

Rinjiga timaha ee Indola waxaa ku jira qadar yar oo ka mid ah maaddooyinkan aan cibaadada lahayn, sidaa darteed saamaynta la yareeyo.

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_3

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_4

Polymisers-ka ayaa u jira sidii loo ilaalin lahaa rinjiyeynta Indola. Saamaynta faa iidada leh waa in la xoojiyo qaab dhismeedka timaha kasta. Sababta oo ah goynta qoto dheer ee polymers, timuhu ma aha kuwo xoog badan, laakiin sidoo kale jilicsan, laastikada, oo leh glo dhalaalaya oo qurux badan. Fadhiga midabka marka rinjiyeynta la siiyo midab lagu daro rinjiga. Waad ku mahadsan tahay cabirrada microscopic, si fudud ayey u galaan gudaha ushiisa timaha kasta, taas oo lagu hubinayo hoosaad qurux badan oo ka mid ah kaniisadda.

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_5

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_6

Waxa kale oo ay mudan tahay in la xuso in midabka la helay ee ka dhasha wasakh aan la maydhin oo aan waqti dheer ku filnayn. Tani waxay taasi suurta gal ahayd inaysan ahayn oo keliya kharashka si qoto dheer, laakiin sidoo kale sababa la xiriira haynta midab-dhabarka oo ka kooban usha timaha.

Faa'iidooyinka rinjiga 'Edola' ayaa si dhab ah loo xusi doonaa palette ee ugu ballaadhan. Qiyaastii 100 ka mid ah hadhka kala duwan ayaa u oggolaanaya xitaa macaamiisha ugu baahida badan inay ka iibsadaan rinjiga leh midabka midabka la doonayo iyada. Intaas waxaa sii dheer, soosaarayaasha ayaa sidoo kale tixgeliya suurtagalnimada isku-darka midabada kala duwan ee rinjiga, taas oo suurtogal ka dhiga inay wax ka beddesho dhowr hadh ah naag kasta.

Rinjiga Indola waa fududahay in la isticmaalo. Sababta oo ah kareemka kareemka awgeed, si fudud ayaa loo qasiyaa oo lagu dabaqayaa timaha. Ka dib wakhtiga la cayimay ayaa ah xiisaha ugu fiican, xitaa timo cirro ayaa la bixiyaa. Arrinta Muhiimka ah Markaad iibsanayso rinjiga timaha waa: Noocee ah rinji noocee ah ayaa la door bidaa (qaali ama rakhiis ah) ama joogitaan wanaagsan oo ku saabsan sheyga celceliska qiimaha?

Rinjiga 'Indola' ee dareenkan waxaa iska leh Dhex-dhexaadka Dahabka ah. Ma ka raqiisan tahay, laakiin qiimaheeda ayaan aad u sarreeyn si uu u garaaco koritaanka xitaa miisaaniyadda hoose. Gabi ahaanba, naag kastaa waxay awoodi kartaa inay iibsato sheygaan qurxinta.

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_7

Dulmarka Krasok

Si aad u fahamto nooca rinjiga ee ay kugu habboon tahay, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad ogaato khadadka lagu heli karo astaantaan. Qeybta Khadadka waxaa u sabab ah joogitaanka ama maqnaanshaha qayb sida ammonia. Xariiqda midabka ee joogtada ah ee xargaha si gaar ah ayaa loogu talagalay in lagu helo hooska timaha oo dhaleeysan. Haddii aad rabto inaad beddesho midabkaaga ama aad ka dhigto 2-3 dhawaaqa, ka dib, markaa midabka daryeelka joogtada ah ee daryeelka ayaa ku habboon xallinta hawshan. For Grey, noocyada timaha cufan ee xariiqda xirfadda ayaa ah kuwa la door bidaa, maadaama ay tahay ammonia in si qoto dheer u muujiyo miisaanka timaha oo u oggolaanaya midabka timaha inuu galo gudaha. Iyo qaybo dheeraad ah oo qayb ka ah rinjiga sadarkani waxay ku hayaan midabka ku jira gudaha usha muddo dheer.

Zerola Zero Zero rinjiyeyaasha Midabka Ammsonia waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu siiyo timo hoode fudud. Maqnaanshaha ammonia micnaheedu maahan in midabka ka dhalanaya in la dhaqi doono ka dib marka madaxa ugu horeysa. Halabuurkooda waxaa ku jira monoethenolamine, oo ay u egtahay, sida ammonia, u sheegta miisaanka, laakiin waxay si tartiib ah u dhaqsaa si tartiib ah, sidaa darteed hadhka timaha ayaa ka yar dhalaalaysa. Labada xariiq ee lagu soo saaray ee hoos yimaada astaanta Indaga waxaa loo isticmaalaa in la wadaago wakiilada okoojiyada ah. Waxay u oggolaadaan inay iska muujiyaan hooska la doonayo timaha. Khadka midabka eber ee eber, waxaa ku filan in la isticmaalo 2% okside, iyo xirfad-yaqaan ahaan, sida caadiga ah, 6% waxaa loo baahan yahay, 9% iyo 12% horumariyayaasha.

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_8

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_9

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_10

Palette midabka

Xaraashka gamma ee ugu kala duwan ee gamma ayaa lagu soo bandhigayaa khadadka midabka ee daryeelka joogtada ah. Ku habboonaanta raadinta deg degga ah ee hooska la doonayo, waxaa loo qaybiyaa kooxo.

  • Si aad u siiso timaha hooska dabiiciga ah ee dabiiciga ah, rinjiga ka soo baxa dabiiciga & kooxda muhiimka ah ayaa ku habboon. Jihadan ayaa ah kuwa ugu horeeya ee tirada hadhka, ay yihiin 52, sidaa darteed dooro midka ku habboon xitaa marwada ugu baahida badan.
  • Hoos ka yar hadhka yar ee moodada & kooxda casaanka ah, waxaa jira kaliya 33 kooxood oo keliya. Jihadahan waxaa loogu talagalay in lagu qaado isugeynta cas iyo copper.
  • In kooxdii seddexaad ee khabiir ku xeel dheer waxay aruurisay hooska ubaxyada, oo 7 codad ah loo isticmaalo in lagu caddeeyo, iyo 6 in tilmaanta.
  • Si geesinimo leh oo geesinimo leh oo dhalaal ah oo aan caadi ahayn ayaa lagu soo ururiyaa kooxda isbarbar dhigaya. Iyada oo la kaashanayo rinjiyeynta kooxdan, waxaad u qoondeyn kartaa sidii xadhig gaar ah, ka dhig himilo, oo gabi ahaanba timahaaga rinji. Wixii ku habboon, dhammaan hooska xariiqan waxaa lagu soo saaraa lambarada, lambar kasta, sida caadiga ah, waxay ka kooban tahay 2-3 lambar. Midka koowaad wuxuu tagaa lambar tilmaamaya heerka fadhiga, meesha labaad Waxaa jira lambar tilmaam ah oo tilmaamaya codka koowaad, tirada saddexaad ee tigidhada waxay muujineysaa hooska labaad.

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_11

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_12

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_13

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_14

Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_15

    Calaamadaha "0" waxaa loo fasiraa in ay tahay murqo la'aan noocee ah rinjiga noocan ah, ama markii hadhkeedu uu tixraaco palette dabiiciga ah. Hadhka ka tirsan kooxda weyn ee khabiirka weyn ee beenta ah, oo caddeeya ilaa 4-5 dhawaaqa dhawaaqa, waxay leeyihiin 1000 calaamad, ka dib markii dhibicdu sidoo kale tahay (1000.] - Dabiiciga Dabiiciga ah, 1000 - Beerta dabiiciga ah).

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_16

    Midabka madow waxaa lagu calaamadeeyay tiro "1". Midabada leh hooska bunni ah, waxay kuxirantahay heerka codka lagu calaamadeeyay "3" "" 4 "iyo" 5 ". Xargaha iftiinka leh iyo kuwa iftiinka leh ayaa lagu calaamadeeyay "6" iyo "7", siday u kala horreeyaan. Xirmadan hoostiisa "8" "9" "10" waxay muujineysaa hadhka iftiinka. Hoosalada labaad sidoo kale waxay leeyihiin lambarro sumadeeya. Aases hadh - "1", luul ayaa lagu calaamadeeyay "2", peppen "3", ", Mahagon" 5 ", casaan" 7 ", shukulaato" 8 ", iyo hooska leh matte Saamaynta waxaa lagu muujiyaa lambar "9".

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_17

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_18

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_19

    Ka sokow magacaabista tirooyinka, waxaa jira qaabab loogu talagalay qaab xarfaha oo ku yaal sanduuqa ku yaal rinjiga. Kooxda rinjiga rinjiga ee 'Elas rinjiyeynta' ee 'Poller' ee 'Beerta') The Placel ee lambarada horteeda iyo qodobka waa xarafka "p" (R. 01 - Pastel Damba, R. 31 - Xirmooyinka dahabka Dambas).

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_20

    Kooxda isbarbar dhigaya ayaa ku tilmaamay xarafka "c", oo ku yaal ka hor inta aan la helin.

    Khadka rinjiga oo aan lahayn amnia eber eber eber midabku wuxuu leeyahay wax ka yar hooska (qiyaastii 30). Rinjiga khadkan waxaa loo isticmaalaa, sida caadiga ah, si loo helo cod dabiici ah. Faafidda xoojinta ayaa si ficil ah u la mid ah kooxaha kale ee ka socda mugdiga "1" aad u dhalaalaya "9".

    Millason Socola waxaa loo isticmaalaa lammaane ku-dhigga geedaha ugu weyn waxaana loogu talagalay in lagu siiyo hooska midabka la xushay. Waxaa loo calaamadeeyay sida rinjiga. Illaa iyo hadda, waa kaliya 5: Ash (Pearl), Pearl (0.22), dahabka (0.33), naxaas (0.44), casaan (0.64).

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_21

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_22

    Tilmaamaha isticmaalka

    Si aan u niyad jabin natiijada, marka lagu daro hooska la doonayo ama laba, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in si sax ah loo soo qaado wakiilka oksidaynta ee uruurinta la doonayo.

    Feejignaanta degdega ah, waxaa ugu wanaagsan in la isticmaalo 9% ama 12% wakiilka oksijinta. Waa lagama maarmaan in la isku daro saamiga 2: 1, i.e. Soosaarayaashu waxay u baahan tahay 2 jeer ka badan.

    Mataanaha oo leh laba cones, waxaad isticmaali kartaa 9% okside oo lagu qasin karo saamiga 1: 1.

    Codadka mugdiga ah ee mugdiga ah, waxaa ku filan in la isticmaalo 6% okside, isku darka taasi waxay noqon kartaa qaybo isku mid ah oo leh dheeh. Feejignaanta oskeed ee okside waxay ku habboon tahay in la joojiyo timaha cawlan. Haddii aad rabto inaad beddesho midabka timaha ee kaliya 1 cod, waxaa mudan in la iibsado 6% wakiilka oksidaynta oo isku dar qaddarka la doonayo, iyadoo kuxiran dhererka iyo dhumucda safka safka ah ee leh dheeha 1: 1.

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_23

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_24

    Timo daciif ah, dhuuban oo jilicsan oo jilicsan oo u baahan qaab jilicsan, sidaa darteed waxaa fiican in la isticmaalo 2% okside oo lagu qaso dheeh siman. Waa lagama maarmaan in la xasuusto in ay suurtagal tahay in lagu daro dheeh iyo oxide saxan ku habboon. Waxaa ugu wanaagsan nidaamkan quraarad ama suxuunta silikoon. Markaad isku dareyso had iyo jeer waxay u baahan tahay in la isticmaalo galoofyada, iyo aalad loo isticmaalo burush gaar ah. Si looga hortago rinjiyeynta maqaarka ee ku yaal safka koritaanka ee timaha, waxaad isticmaali kartaa kareem geesinimo leh. Filimka ka soo dhaliyay dusha sare ee maqaarka ma siin doono dheeha geesaha, taas oo macnaheedu yahay inaysan qasab ahayn in laga tirtiro ka dib markii la joojiyo.

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_25

    Si looga fogaado dhibaatada noocan oo kale ah sida finanka ama casaanka, waxaad u baahan tahay inaad imtixaanka ku bixiso. Qaabka loo diyaariyey waxaa lagu dabaqayaa qaybta hoose ee xusullada xulka xulka, haddii soo-gaadhista nus-saac ka dib iyo indha indheynta xiga (36-48 saacadood), waxaa loola jeedaa in rinjigan si badbaado leh loo isticmaali karo.

    Muhiim maahan in la isticmaalo halankan si loo beddelo midabka sunnada iyo indhaha, jiritaanka qaybo ka mid ah waxyaabaha ugu adag ee ka kooban xarkaha rinjiyeynta indhaha, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la raadiyo iyaga sida ugu dhakhsaha badan ee suurogalka ah biyo badan.

    Codso halabuurka looga baahan yahay timaha qallalan. Haddii codka loo isticmaalo markii ugu horreysay, waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in la dalbado rinjiga dhererka timaha oo dhan, dib ugu noqoshada 2-3 cm xididdada, ka dib soo-gaadhista 10-ka daqiiqo ah, rinjiga waxaa lagu qaybiyaa xididdada. Markii la soo noqnoqda soo noqnoqda, halabuurka waxaa lagu dabaqayaa isla markiiba aagga xididka, isagoo isku dayaya inuusan taaban qaybta harsan. Dhamaadka xididdada, 25-30 daqiiqo ayaa ku filan, ka dib taas oo ka hadha ka hadhayna waxaa loo qaybiyaa dhererka oo dhan oo u fasaxo u-soo-gaadhista 5-10 daqiiqo. Wadarta waqtiga soo-qaadista, sida caadiga ah, kama badna 40 daqiiqo.

    Ma u qalmin in lagu sawiro timaha sawirkan haddii ay horay u wadaagaan henna ama baas. Xaaladdan oo kale, talobixintu waxay ka fiican tahay in loo jeesto timo-jaraha xirfadleyda ah. Markaad dhameyso nidaamka, rinjiga waa inuu ku daadshaa biyo diiran si looga saaro daadinta midabka. Si rinjigu u hayo in ay timaheeda ku hayaan inta ugu badan ee suuragalka ah, ka dib markii ugu horreysay, waa suurad wacan in aan madaxaaga dhaqin 3-4 maalmood. Maaskaro ku takhasusay iyo Boodms oo lagu soo saaray astaanta Indola waxaa sida ugu wanaagsan loo adeegsadaa sidii lacag lagu daryeelo oo loogu talagalay timaha rinjiyeynta.

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_26

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_27

    Fiidiyowga soo socda, talooyin ku saabsan isticmaalka saxda ah ee midabada rinjiga iyo siciisyada iyaga ayaa la siiyaa.

    Faallooyinka

    Rinjiga gobolka Indola ayaa dhawaan helay dhalaannimo. Tima-yariyaasha xirfadleyda ah iyo kuwa iibsadayaasha fudud ayaa lagu gartaa sheygan si gaar ah dhinaceeda togan. Tanna lama la yaab, ka dib oo dhan, faa'iidooyinka rinjiga Socola waa wax badan: xulasho aad u badan oo hoos u dhac ah, oo ah 100% rinjiyeyn, timaha, timaha ka dib, timuhu waxay noqdeen kuwo siman, oo dhalaalaya oo dhalaalaya.

    Inta badan marwada ugu badan ee loo adeegsaday ugu yaraan hal rinjiga 'Tola', ayaa markii dambe si joogto ah u adeegsadaan.

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_28

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_29

    Rinjiga timaha inda (30 sawir): ubaxyo ubax ah, rinji la'aan la'aan AMMONIA, xirfad-yaqaanno Indola oo loogu talagalay timaha cawlan, timaha timaha 5398_30

    Akhri wax dheeraad ah