Zvakanyanya kukura kushandisirwa kwakashandiswa informatics inzira kune ramangwana. Kukosheswa kwayo hakuna kugadzikana, uye miganhu yayo haina kusingaperi. Vadzidzi vane mazano emhando yechiitiko chakadai chakanyoreswa muyunivhesiti yakakodzera kugashira mabhonasi mune fomu yetarisiro chaiyo yekuvandudza, basa rinonakidza uye mari yakakwira.
Chii ichi basa?
Yakaiswa informatics iri yakaoma kwazvo, asi inovimbisa kutungamira kwekudzidziswa uye zviitiko, sezvo zvakanyatsoomesa nyaya dzekusuma zviitiko zvine mutsindo muhupenyu chaihwo . Uye musoro wenyaya wenyika yedu zvine chekuita zvakanyanya nhasi, nekuti inotsigirwa zvakanyanya padanho reHurumende. Naizvozvo, kuti uwane basa rakakodzera iro rakakodzera kudzidza - hunyanzvi huri kuvimbisa.
Panguva yanhasi, inzvimbo inoshandiswa sosi insainzi pane nzira uye mashandiro ekuchengetedza, kuunganidza, kuendesa uye kugadzirisa ruzivo uchishandisa zvemagetsi computing michina. Izwi rekuti Informatik musainzi Sosi yakaunza iyo German Nyanzvi K. Steinbukh Kudzoka 1957
Informatics yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu.
- Theoretical. Zvinyorwa zvayo zvekutsvagisa Funga nezve maitiro emashoko, uye chinangwa chekugadzira nzira yekushanda neruzivo. Izvi zvinosanganisira: pfungwa yekukanda, dzidziso yealgorithms, pamwe nemitauro yekuronga.
- Zvisikwa, kudzidza maitiro ekugadzirisa ruzivo muuropi hwemunhu, nzanga nechisikigo.
- Vakashandiswa Sayenzi vanomiririra zvinhu zvezvinyorwa zvemashoko uye matekinoroji ekukurukurirana zvakave nemabasa chaiwo ane sarudzo yavo yemabasa anoshanda. Nhungamiro yekushandisa inosanganisira nzira dzakawanda, pakati pazvo, semuenzaniso nezvehungwaru hwekunyepedzera, chimiro chekomputa yako uye mataira, kugoverwa, madhiri uye software engineering. Kugutsikana kwakadaro uye kushanduka kunoita kuti ive basa redzidziso uye nekuvimbisa zvakanyanya, saka rakabhadharwa zvakanaka. Mune mamwe mazwi, ramangwana riri kumashure kwenzvimbo iyi, nekuti pasina izvozvo, hazvigoneke kugadzirisa mabasa anoshanda muhupenyu hwakawanda hupfumi.
Nyanzvi dzinoitei?
Nyanzvi yenzvimbo ino dzinogara munzvimbo zhinji, semuenzaniso:
- Muhupfumi - ongorora zvinhu zvekusarudzika kwavo kwakazotevera;
- Mune dzidzo - Kuvandudza uye tsigira maitiro ekudzidziswa;
- mukugadzira - fomu inotsigira mifananidzo uye graphic oditors;
- MuJurispridence - Gadzira yakakosha software yekuita emergency uye kushanda kushanda;
- Mune Sociology - Chidzidzo Chekudzidza, kushanda nedhatabhasi yakakura;
- Mune chemistry nefizikisi - gadzira uye enda wakakosha mapurogiramu anopa modhiyo yemabasa akasiyana siyana.
Mune mamwe mazwi, mushandi ane mvumo yakakodzera inogona kudiwa mune dzakasiyana siyana chiitiko chevanhu, uye saka zvine mukana pamusoro pevamwe vanobvumidzwa uye tarisiro dzisina kugadziriswa kwemakore akawanda ari mberi.
Kudzidziswa maficha
Basa guru rekudzidza munzira ino ndere kuwana ruzivo rwazvino munzvimbo dzakadai se:
- Kushandisa zvinobudirira kwehunyanzvi tekinoroji uye masisitimu mukushanda, dhizaini uye tekinoroji, ongororo, kurongeka uye kune dzimwe nharaunda dzakawanda dzekuita kwevanhu;
- Kuitwa kwekuongorora kwekutsvagisa kuitira kuti uvandudze kukura kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira ruzivo;
- Kuvandudzwa kwekuenzanisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana uye maitiro kuitira kugadzirisa zvinetso zvinangwa zvinoshanda zvinoshanda;
- Kuumbwa uye kugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvemhando yepamusoro zvehunyanzvi hwekuvandudza kweazvino service service mafomu uye masisitimu.
Mune mamwe mazwi, chero mushandirwi mune ino kesi anowana hunyanzvi hwekupedza kudzidza nezvemutsara wakawandisa nezivo yakanakisa yemicomputer system uye nheyo dzemakwenzi. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, nyanzvi yakadaro ine dzidzo yakanangana nedzidzo yemuenzaniso mumunda wehupfumi, manejimendi, kodzero. Mushandi uyo ane hunyanzvi hwakadaro anogona kunge asina kudzidziswa chete, achiongorora uye akasimbisa data rakawanikwa, asi zvakare kugadzirira zvakajairika zvakaenzana uye software kugadzirisa mabasa ekukurumidzira.
Mayunivhesiti
Sarudza yunivhesiti yakakodzera - ibasa rakaoma. Sayenzi inonyanya kuwanda pane tekinoroji, pane masangano ekudzidzisa anogadzira, uye anogadzira masisitiri anogadzira hunyanzvi hweiyi mbiri, mashoma. Idzi dzinowanzodzidziswa dzidzo dzedzidzo dzedzidzo nehunyanzvi hwekutarisa. Zvakangodaro, kutungamirirwa kunowanikwa pane masimba ehurumende yemazuva ano vanhu vemazuvano kana mayunivhesiti ezvinyorwa zvakakura, uko vadzidzi vanogona kupedza pasi, chitima chaStenzi kana kuve nyanzvi.
Kubva pamisangano yakanakisa yedzidzo munzira ino yekudzidza, tinokurudzira:
- Russian express Institute. G. V. Plekhanova;
- Yunivhesiti yemari pasi pehurumende yeRussia Federation;
- Mepi;
- National Researzo Nuclear University;
- Institute of Informtechnology, mechanics uye Optics muSt. Petersburg;
- Moscow technical University yekutaurirana;
- Moscow State engineering University (MAMI);
- National Runivhesiti University "miet";
- Moscow Technical University yezvekutaurirana uye informatics (MTUCI);
- Russian New University;
- Yunivhesiti yemari pasi pehurumende yeRussia Federation.
Iwe unogona kugona iri basa iri mumugodhi kana ehunyanzvi zvikoro mushure megiredhi 9. Iyo huru yekutarisisa yekudzidziswa inoitwa pane yakakosha masvomhu uye makomputa makomputa. . Izvi zvinhu zvinogara zvinopfuura hafu yeiyo yakazara kutenderera, nguva yasara inopiwa kuwanda uye vanhu tsika.
Bvunzo
Kana iwe ukagamuchirwa nesarudzo yakasimba yekupinda mudhipatimendi re "yakashandiswa masvomhu uye informatics", saka nhamba yekongiri yemakona inofanira kuitwa -Kuunganidza zvinyorwa zvese zvinodiwa (National Bestport, gwaro rinosimbisa vagari vemo, magwaro pane dzidzo uye zvinyorwa zvekurapa); Kupfuudza magwaro akaunganidzwa kune komiti yekubvuma yedare rekudzidzisa.
Izvo zvinodikanwa kutora bvunzo mune matatu zvidzidzo nemhedzisiro yakanaka (Russian, Fizikisi uye masvomhu). Iyi nyanzvi inoda kutsungirira, chinangwa, chakanakisa uye kugona mune fizikiki, masvomhu uye kuronga.
Bvunzo dzinozivikanwa kwazvo kana kugamuchirwa:
- Mutauro weRussia;
- Mathematics inyaya yembiri, nekusarudza yunivhesiti;
- Fizikisi - pane kusarudzwa kweyunivhesiti;
- Informatics uye ruzivo uye kutaurirana tekinoroji (ICT) - pane kusarudzwa kweyunivhesiti.
Nguva
Mushure mekupedza kudzidza kubva pamakirasi gumi nemaviri, iye anenge achikumbira anogona kuuya nekudzidziswa kwenguva yakazara, nguva iyo ichave makore mana. Nokusarudza tsamba kana yemanheru sarudzo, yekudzidza kwemakore mashanu.Kurangwa
Bachelarikality zvinoreva kudzidza nezvezvakawanda zvakakosha zvitambi zvinodiwa kuitira zviitiko muminda dzakasiyana siyana. Izvi zvinosanganisira kudzidza:
- Ata arrays;
- Informatics uye econetrics;
- System Inoshanda Inoshanda, Midhiya uye Magebhu;
- Discrete masvomhu;
- Iyo nechengeteko;
- network hupfumi;
- software engineering kutungamira;
- system theory.
- manhamba.
Munguva yekudzidziswa, mudzidzi anosungirwa kuTenzi uye kuwana hunyanzvi:
- mukuenzanisira uye nekuvandudza kushandiswa uye ruzivo rwemashoko;
- Mukugadzirwa kwe IP;
- mumatanho ane chekuita nekushandisa IP (kana uchiita, kugadzirisa, kushanda);
- mukudzidziswa uye nekupa zano;
- Mukuongororwa kwenzvimbo dzekushanda, ruzivo rwehunyanzvi uye kutaurirana, pamwe nemari yemari yemapurojekiti ine chekuita neutoxation uye
- Mukunyora zvirevo, abstracts, mishumo, zvinyorwa nenzira huru.
Iyo kosi inodzidza zvakakosha zvikamu:
- yakakwira uye yakashamisika masvomhu;
- Makosi akareruka efficics;
- kuronga, oop;
- Yakaiswa informatics;
- Inoshanda kuongororwa;
- Dhatabhasi, mutauro wokumwe;
- mamwe makosi emitauro yekuronga;
- Nhoroondo yeRussian Federation, ecology, uzivi uye tsika dzemuviri.
Mugore rekutanga, zvidzidzo zvinoitika kudzokorora kwakawandisa kwezvirongwa zvechikoro nekugadzirisa matambudziko ekuwedzera kuoma.
Nekuda kweizvozvo, mudzidzi anozodzidza maitiro ekufunga nekukurumidza, zvichinyatsoita uye zvine musoro, kugadzirisa mabasa akaitwa. Kushaikwa Kwekudzidza Kumararamiro kushomeka kwedzidziso inoshanda, iyo yakakwana mumakoreji. Rondedzero yedzidziso dzedzidzo muzvikoro zvehunyanzvi hazvisi zvakasiyana zvakanyanya. Chaizvoizvo nguva dzekupedzisira. Huwandu hweBhajeti nzvimbo dzakanyatsogadziriswa.
Sezvatinoona, chikamu chakakura kwazvo ndechekuti neimwe nzira zvakabatana neyekutungamirwa kwemasvomhu uye informatics - zvikamu pane kuongororwa kwesistm, algorithms, optimization, dhiraivhi, dhizaini. Uyezve vadzidzi vane masimba ekuzvidzora pane zvekutanga zvezviitiko zvemabhizimusi, manejimendi uye kushambadzira, accounting uye kuongorora, Fizikiki, yekuchengetedza tekinoroji yezvinhu zvisina kugadziriswa.
Iyo isiri-kudzidzisa unit inopa makosi munhoroondo, uzivi, mutauro wokumwe uye wehupfumi. Inosungirwa mundima yepurogiramu yekugadzira uye pre-diploma maitiro.
Munguva yekudzidziswa, vadzidzi vanogamuchira ruzivo rwekutevera uye hunyanzvi mumunda:
- masvomhu, fizikisi nedzimwe dzidziso;
- Encoding uye chinhu chakanangiswa-chakarongwa purogiramu;
- dzidziso yemitauro yekuronga;
- hunyanzvi hwekushanda nemadheti;
- Mitauro Yokune dzimwe nyika;
- Taura mataurirwo ezvematongero akasiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana.
- zviitiko zvekutsvagira;
- Algorithms yekuvandudzwa kwehunyanzvi hwazvino matekinoroji ekuverenga masisitimu nemasevhisi;
- Kufungidzira kwezvinhu uye maitiro ekugadzirisa mabasa chaiwo echokwadi.
Ndeapi nzvimbo uye ndiani waungashanda?
Mukati mefaira iri kutariswa, kune maporofesa akawanda mukuda, uye saka mukana wekuwana basa rakanaka rakakwira.
Anokwanisa kudzidza anogona kuenda kubasa:
- Analytics - nyanzvi mukuunganidza uye kugadzirisa ruzivo;
- Programmer - Kukura Zvirongwa;
- 1c nyanzvi mukumisikidza uye kuchengetedza chirongwa "1c Enterprise";
- Iyo maneja - nyanzvi mukuronga kuronga, kugadzirisa kanha, maneja emitambo;
- Kuedza Injiniya - kutarisa kurongeka kwekuitwa kwezvirongwa, zvichiratidza zvikanganiso pabasa;
- Database Anoshanda - Database Service;
- System Administrator - Anyanzvi mukushumirwa Networks yemuno
- Ruzivo rwekuchengetedza ruzivo;
- Webhu Programmer - Kuvandudza Kwemashanduro Online, Mawebhusaiti, Ports (akweretwa kune wega uye mutengi, uye server chikamu chewebhu kuronga);
- Graphic Designer - nyanzvi mukugadzira nzvimbo inowirirana inotaura inotaurirana;
- Entrepreneur.
Izvo zvakakosha kusarudza sarudzo iyo inopa huwandu hwenzvimbo dzinogona kuitika mune ramangwana basa. Mikana yeiyo yakashandiswa informatics yakafara.
Funga nezveMuenzaniso Musoro wekushandiswa unformatics muhupfumi , kuvhura kwete nyaya dzezvidzidzo zvehupfumi uye tsika, asi zvakare mukana wekuenzanisa maitiro mazhinji. Izvo zvinhu zvikuru zvebasa pano inyanzvi-inotungamirwa informsystems. Tiri kutaura nezvenzvimbo: Banking, tsika kana mutemo wekutonga, manejimendi manejimendi, kusimudzira kwesoftware mune hupfumi, gadziriro yezvakakomberedzwa nezvirongwa zvakakosha).
Izvo hazvigari parutivi uye kuita parutivi kuongororwa kwakadzama kwemashoko akaunganidzwa, pahwaro hwenyanzvi hwakagadzirwa nerechitsinhu, iro rinoshanda sehwaro hwekuvandudza sarudzo dzakanangana nemana. Izvi zvinoreva kune iyo informatric yehupfumi, iyo ine ruzivo rwechokwadi rwechokwadi uye hunyanzvi hunoshanda hwakawanikwa mumadziro eyunivhesiti. Tiri kutaura nezvenzvimbo dzinotevera:
- Databases
- basics yebhizinesi;
- yakakwirira-nhanho programming nzira dzenhau dzezvemakombiyuta;
- Komputa masisitimu
- telecommunication uye network;
- kurongedza kweiyo general uye yakangwara ruzivo system;
- Management, kuongorora kwehupfumi, accounting uye kuongorora.
Basa uye muhoro
Sezvatinogona kuona, nhungamiro iri kutariswa inopa huwandu hwakawanda hwakakura kwazvo hwemabasa, ayo anoitwa nhasi mumasangano mazhinji nemabhizinesi. Semuenzaniso, muThe-sphere imakambani akasiyana-siyana uye matavi awo ekusimudzira kwemakambani ehuswa, iyo sumo uye kushanda kweICT mumhando dzakasiyana siyana. Yepamberi Nyanzvi nehunyanzvi hwakasimba hwemaitiro hunyanzvi hunogona kukurumidza kuzadzisa iyo Project maneja chinzvimbo chinzvimbo. Mienzaniso inogona kukonzerwa nehukuru, saka nyaya yebasa inovimbiswa kuti isave nematambudziko.
Mari yemari yevakuru vadiki kazhinji inotanga nevashanu veruzi rubles. Maximum etsika akaoma, zvese zvinogadzirisa huwandu hwehukama, chinzvimbo chaicho, kutungamira kwebasa uye chirongwa chakananga. Nyanzvi ine makore matatu echiitiko inogona kuwana zvizere kusvika zviuru zana emazuru (kunyanya zvirongwa zvine chirongwa 1C). Kazhinji nyanzvi dzakadaro dzinoshanda kure - iyo internet inopa mukana wakanyanya kufarirwa.
Kana iwe uchida, iwe unogona kuramba uchidzidza mumagariro, ndiko kuti, kuwedzera zvakanyanya kuwedzeredza mahombekombe nemikana. Master makosi anobvumidza iwe kuti ushande ruzivo chairwo, ziva nemaitiro ekupedzisira uye zviwanikwa zvinoitika mumaindasitiri. Dhigiri rakatsanangurwa rinovhura nzira yekuzviona munzvimbo dzekutsvaga kwesainzi.
Nhasi munzvimbo ino mune ino yakawanda yemakwikwi mazhinji, makwikwi uye fairs dzinowanzoiswa nemakambani makuru. Nekutora chikamu mavari, zvinokwanisika kuti uzvikosha uye nekudaro uchiwana mikana mitsva yekuwana, semuenzaniso, kutumira nemari yakakwira uye nzvimbo yebasa rakagadzikana.
Uyezve, iyo yakagamuchirwa diploma yemutori wezviitiko zvakadaro inogona kuvhura nzira itsva dzekuvandudza kunze kwenyika, uko kune zvimwe zviitiko zvakadaro.
