Ruby akanaka kwazvo, kune ngano zhinji pamusoro pake. Zvinotendwa kuti muridzi wetombo anofara murudo. Gem tsvuku inokwanisa kuyambira muridzi wengozi nekuchinja ruvara. Zvemashiripiti mumunhu anogara achionana ne ruby, zvese zvakanaka hunhu zvinowedzerwa.
Hazvishamisi kuti kushuvira kuti uwane zvishongo zvine mineral mineral haizove pasi. Kune avo vanotanga kutenga ruby, pane mubvunzo wechisikigo nezve kukosha kwayo.
Maitiro ekuongororwa
Kuti uzive mutengo wejewedhi, iwe unofanirwa kufunga nezve huremu hwehunhu.
Heano makuru ayo:
- Mavambo emaminerari;
- Ruvara rwemabwe;
- kuvapo kwemaza;
- kuvapo kwekusanganisa, mabhuruku uye kusviba;
- Maminert uremu;
- Cheka;
- kurapwa.
Mutengo wemabwe akasarudzika akasarudzika hauna kutsanangurwa mumazubvu, asi madhora edu.
Munda
Iyo rubin yakadzika inowanikwa pane imwe neimwe yemakondinendi, kunze kwekusarudzika kwerosty antarctica. Muchiyero cheindasitiri, matombo anowanikwa muAsia: kuCeylon, muVietnam uye muThailand.
Anokuzivikanwa African deposits iri muKenya, Mozambique, kuMadagascar uye muTanzania. Russia yave ichitsvaga mabwe nguva pfupi yadarika. Pashure pehondo, prey inoitiswa kuPolar Urals uye muPamir Pegmatites.
MuMyanmar (aimbova Burma), anozivikanwa kwazvo, iwo makuru, makopi emhando yepamusoro uye anodhura emizere emaminerari akawanikwa.
Dombo rakakura kwazvo mune mazana mana emakarati anowanikwa muBurma. Nehurombo, haina kuchengetedzwa muPristine. Yakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu.
Kusvika parizvino, kutuka kwechiBurmese kuzeza. Mazana emakore mazhinji akapihwa nyika. Runako uye rwakaneta.
India inoonekwa sedunhu rekuvimbisa kumigodhi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti rubins anowanikwa ipapo, papi neSafiru. Uye kashmir deposits akapfuma mune sapphires. Pamwe chete neiyo huru fossil, rubhii inouya. Zvichida munguva pfupi India ichava mutengesi mutsva wakakura wezvinyorwa zvekushandisa zvishongo zvezvishambiso zvishongo.
Ngatipei muenzaniso wemutengo unoenderana nekubva.
Kune imwe karati yeBurmese hombe ruby kubhadhara kubva kune maviri kusvika makumi maviri emadhora echiuru emadhora. Uye kwete matombo grey kubva kuMozambique anodhura zvakanyanya zvakachipa. Nehuremu hwe4-5 kararat, yakakwirira-mhando ruby ichadhura mutengi muhuwandu hwemadhora mazana mashanu kusvika zviuru zvemadhora.
Mhando
Muzvisikwa, matombo akanaka kwazvo asingawanzo. Vazhinji vane dzakasiyana siyana hurema: Splashes, kusava nehanya uye marara. Huru yemhando ine iyo nugices iyo yavanenge vane manyawi-akasiyana zvikanganiso kana ivo havana kana ivo zvachose.
Dzimwe dzidziso dzinopa kushusha kukosha kukuru. Semuenzaniso, iko kuvapo kwenyeredzi nemarata matanhatu muchimiro chenyeredzi nemarara matanhatu anowedzera zvakanyanya kukosha kwayo. Kune makopi akadai haawanzo, saka yakakwira kwazvo.
Chiyero chekukosha kuchena. Kuchena kwemaminerari kwakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zvitatu:
- Yekutanga inosanganisira mabwe akachena uye ayo anenge awirirana kana akaonda mitsetse;
- Kune wechipiri ndeyako dzokutora nehurema hushoma uye hwakarongeka;
- Yechitatu ine makopi eOpaque kana matombo ane makore mahombe.
Kugadziriswa kune kukosha kwakakosha pamutengo. Iyo yakatemwa inokosheswa nechimiro chaicho uye chimiro. Mushure mekuchengetedza padombo hakufanirwe kubviswa uye machipisi, kukanda uye rinks.
Muchido chekuchengetedza hukuru hwehukuru hwevacheka vanoita kuti aroze chikamu chepazasi, inonzi Pavilion. Zviito zvakadaro zvinowedzera kutaridzika.
Marudzi akanakisa ane makristasi akakomberedzwa, kukosha kwavo kwakakwira kupfuura iko kwe "hama" dzakafanana ne "dzerudzi" uye kurira "marquis". Cabhochon akacheka anoshandiswa kune zvicherwa nenhamba huru yekukanganisa uye kurambana, kunzi nyeredzi mumutauro wehunyanzvi.
Mutengo we corundu anoenderana nerudzi rwekugadzirisa. Matombo haade yakasarudzika yakaoma kupisa kurapa haisi kupfuura mashanu muzana ezvose zvawanikwa.
Kuvandudza mhando yemagwezi, kuchena kwavo uye mavara ayo anoshandiswa kupisa kurapwa. Kushanda kunonzi kunatswa. Iyo Source Source inoiswa mumakamuri akakosha uye akapisa kusvika pamaseredhi 800-1900. Pasi pesimba rekupisa, ruvara shanduko, mimvuri inobviswa. Mukati inclasumping ichimhanya yakanyungudutswa, kuchena kunosimuka.
Kana isu tichienzanisa nematombo ane kurapwa kunotyisa, uye zvakajairika, mitengo ye yekupedzisira kaviri, uye kunyange matatu kumusoro, nezvimwe zvinhu zviri kuenzana.
Kunatsiridzwa kunowanzopedzwa nekuwanda kwemaza. Kuremara kunobviswa nekuzadza negirazi rinotungamira. Inotaridzika kunge ibwe rakanaka rakachena. Nekudaro, rububhi akadaro nderechikamu chechakachipa. Ivo vanowanzowanikwa mune zvishongo zvitoro, pamwe neiyo synthetic adalogues. Mutengo we "kuwa" corundu anosiyana mukati me1-20 US madhora paCarat.
Saizi
Nezve matombo anokosha, hazvisi kuda kutaura nezve huwandu, asi nezve uremu. Misa - hunhu hwakanyanya kukosha. Uremu hwakayerwa muzvikamu zvakakosha - carat. Kuti uenzanise zviri nani nehuremu hwakajairika kuremerwa, iwe unofanirwa kuziva chiyero: 1 carat = 0,2 magiramu.
Mutengo weMaminerari akaiswa kune 1 carat. Nekudaro, zvinhu zvese zvinokatyamadza pano. Mumatombo madiki, mutengo we carat uri pasi peiwo wemitambo mikuru . Iko hakuna hukama hwakananga pakati pehuremu uye mutengo weKarat. Zvese zvakasiyana.
Mutengo wakasungirirwa kune ese ukuru hwebwe uye hunhu hwayo. Asi iyo envelopu yakawanda, iyo ingangoita mukana wekusakwana. Saka, zvinozivikanwa kuti rubhi mumatatu matatu uye akawanda magiramu haawanzowanzoitika. Uye mineral ndeye mashanu carat, kwete kuremara, hazvigoneke kuwana. Kana zvikaitika, ichave yekunzwa. Zvinotendwa kuti kune mabwe akakodzera anorema kupfuura carat.
Ruvara
Hapana akakosha kana achifunga kukosha kwerudzi rwe ruby. Ruvara rukuru rutsvuku. Sateration inosiyana kubva pakupenya kupenya. Kune matombo ane pink, yepepuru uye orenji mimvuri. Kutsauka kubva pachigadziko kunopa zvisikwa zvakasikwa.
Kwemabwe akakosha kwazvo, maonero ehunyanzvi anokweverwa. Inoratidza ruvara. Kuchenesa rubur tsvuku tsvuku inoreva izwi rekuti "njiva ropa".
Zvinoenderana neiyo ruvara rwekugadziriswa kwemarobhoti ipapo:
- tsvuku yakajeka;
- zvakajairika kana pakati-tsvuku;
- Tsvuku tsvuku.
Kana uchitsanangura ruvara, kusimba kwayo uye kugutsikana kunoenderana. Makopi anopenya anokosheswa kumusoro pane kupenya uye ane madhaka.
Mutengo wematombo echisikigo
Mari inofungidzirwa yemakristasi inosimbiswa nemasangano akasarudzika.
Mhedzisiro yakadhindwa mumagazini emagazini.
- Matombo emhando yepamusoro Inofungidzirwa kubva ipapo. Imwe carat inogona kudhura 75, uye 3,500 US madhora. Inodhura zvakanyanya kuBurmese Corundu, Cheaper Africa.
- Ye rugs yemhando yepakati Myanmar inobvunzwa kubva pamadhora mashanu kusvika gumi nemaviri emadhora. Gems kubva kuMozambique ndeimwe yakachipa - kubva pamadhora maviri kusvika mashanu emadhora. Mutengo wematombo akagadziriswa akatodzikama - kubva kune imwe nehafu kusvika zviuru zvina zvemadhora.
- Chaiyo isina kutorwa rubin Unhu hwakanaka kwazvo kubva kuBurma hunofungidzirwa muhuwandu hwemakumi gumi nemasere kusvika makumi mana emadhora. Kubva kune mamwe madhora - kubva pamashanu kusvika ku8 zviuru zvemadhora.
- Iyo avhareji mutengo we gretogo crystal Yakanakisa mhando 12000-23000 $. Mhando dzeMozambic uye Burmese Rinodhura Zvakawanda: 20000-30000 uye $ 40000-70000, zvichiteerana.
Mazana ezviuru emadhora anofungidzirwa nematombo makuru airera 4 carats uye zvimwe. Ivo vanogona kutengwa mukutengesa kwemakumi matanhatu, mazana emadhora emadhora. Kana iwe ukatora avhareji, ibwe rinokosha rinoyera 1 gramu rinoda $ 375,000.
Mutengo pane Synthetic Analogues
Kugadzirwa kwemaindasitiri kwetsamo hwekugadzira marubhi kwakagadzwa muUnited States, Great Britain, France, Switzerland neGermany.
Dombo rinowanikwa kubva kuCorungundi Corundu. Pakutanga chigadzirwa chinokonzeresa chiri pachena. Mahwira anopa chero ruvara rwaunoda.
Pasinei nenyaya yekuti chisiri chisiri chebroup chinotaridzika zviri nani pane zvakasikwa, zvinowanika kaviri.
Mazhinji eshongwe aripo ane matombo anogadzira.
Zvimiro zveMitero muRussia uye Kunze
Russian Ruby Kugadziriswa Kugovera ivo mumapoka matatu emhando zvichienderana Kuvapo kwehurema uye mavara.
- Iyo yekutanga inosanganisira iyo iyo iyo iyo mashoma ekuremara . Diki diki kana mapoinzi akapararira muhuwandu hwehuwandu, uye husina kuunganidzwa munzvimbo imwechete, uye iwe unogona kungovaona ne "ziso re" rakashongedzwa ". Mhando yepamusoro inofungidzirwa kanenge 800, yakakwira madhora mazana mashanu. Kutengesa kwemhuri hakuwanikwe.
- Chikamu chechipiri chinobvumidza kuremara zvinooneka uye zvidiki zvinodiwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana dzebwe. Mari yacho ndeye 500-800 $.
- Iwo mabheji ane madhaka uye ane akawanda akaremara anogadzira chikamu chechitatu. Mutengo wavo ndi200-500 $.
Mitengo ndeye 1 carat.
Kunze kwenyika, kana uchiisa mutengo wemabwe anokosha, mavambo avo anoverengeka. Pamusoro pevamwe matombo kubva kuBurma (Myanmar).
Zvekutengesa ruby yemutengo wekodhi unoratidzwa mune inotevera vhidhiyo.