Zviridzwa zvemimhanzi zvinoratidzwa mune dzakasiyana siyana. Imwe yerambo yakakura yakakura ndeye maviri bass, iyo ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa. Chishandiso chakadaro chinoshandiswa mu symphony orchestras, muJazz nemimhanzi yazvino. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti chishandiso chakagadzirwa mazana matatu emakore apfuura uye kusvika nhasi zvine basa, nekuti zvinoridza ruzha uye rwakadzika ruzha ruchave rwunoumbwa. Vaimbi vanopemberera zvakanyanya technical uye maitiro maficha anopa chishandiso ichi. Munyaya yacho, isu tinopa rondedzero yezvibodzwa zviviri, mhando dzayo, isu tichapa kurudziro pakumisikidza, pamwe nekutaura nezve nhoroondo yezvisikwa zvayo.
Chii chazviri?
Zvishandiso zviri zveBoka reVilin vane misiyano yavo, asi zvipfeko zviviri hazvina kumbobvira zvaonekwa seyakaenzana. Ichi chishandiso chechitambiro chakagadzirwa kubva kune zvakasungwa matombo ematombo, dhizaini yakafanana nechimiro chemuganho wenguva dzose negurini. Kuwedzera kune yakajairwa dhizaini uye mahedheni zvine hutachiona uye zvinobata, zvine holes resonator uye kumira. Chinhu chinosiyanisa chigadzirwa ichi ndechekuti tambo dzakakora chete dzinoshandiswa mariri. Kazhinji ivo vanogadzirwa nesimbi, zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira kana ketgut, asi gara uine bhururu yemhangura kana sirivheri. Iyo mbiri bass inotaridzika zvakanaka.
Kuti iitambe inoda uta, iyo inoburitswa muhukuru hwakasiyana zvichienderana nerudzi.
Dhizaini yeGerman inoonekwa neyakaonda uye mipendero mipfupi, uye chiFrench chakatetepa uye chakareba, saka maneuenda.
Vafundisi vemazuva ano vanonakidzwa mhando dzakasiyana dzeuta, zvisinei pane dzimwe misiyano nenzira yekushandisa. Chigadzirwa cheFrance chinofanira kuchengetwa pamusoro, icho chigunwe chichava pasi pechiratidzo, kusiyana neGerman, chinochengeta divi, uye chigunwe pasi.
Kana zviri zviyero zvezvikamu zviviri, vakasiyana. Kureba kweiyo yakakura kusvika 1.8 m, uye zvishoma zvakaita se cello. Izvo zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti paramende iyi inosiyana neiyo nzvimbo iyo inoshandiswa sokutsigirwa. Mune makumi matatu ezana ramakumi maviri, nzvimbo dzemagetsi dzakasikwa, huremu hwakanga hwakaderera, hunotenderera hwakareruka. Nekudaro, panguva ino, kugadzirwa kwechiridzwa mumimhanzi kwakavandudzwa, saka nhasi tinomiririrwa nenzvimbo dzakarukwa.
Nhoroondo Yezvekutanga
Zvinonakidza kuti zvijaire nenhoroondo yekugadzira iyi chiridzwa, iyo yakatanga muguva rekurima. Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti yekutanga yakaonekwa kaviri bass viola, iyo yakava iye akafanotangira. Mazana mana emakore apfuura kuti ugadzire tambo dzaishandiswa matumbo emhuka, asi zvaisave nyore kuvatambanudza, saka masters akagadzira chishandiso icho chine magiya uye zvidimbu. Iyo gadziriso yaive yekuvhuvhuta yeiyo travel. Izvi zvakaita kuti tikwanise kuita tambo dzikangwara, saka vaimbi vakanga vari nyore kuvanzika, kunze kweuta, uta hwaive nyore kutama.
Pakutanga, chimiro chezvikamu zviviri zvakanga zvanyatsonaka, saka kwaive nechikonzero chekuchinja kune paramita pasina kurasikirwa nezwi rakaderera. Kusvika parizvino, ukuru hwechishandiso chazvino chishandiso chiri ¾ yeiyo yakatangira. Nekudaro, dambudziko rekusakwana simba risingaperi harina kugadziriswa, saka masters akagadzira chitsva chivharo, chakaita kunge boka revaDhigin.
Musiki weyekutanga miviri yehupamhi! Todini, iyo yakabvisa lada, yakaderedza huwandu hwe tambo kusvika ku4. Mushure meizvozvo, shanduko iri muchimiro chechimiro chakagadzirwa nevasungwa vakasiyana vemabhawa nemakiromita.
Kaviri bass muenzaniso wakapona pakuchinja kwakawanda . Pakutanga, akafanana neCello, asi kwenguva yakareba kuti chirevo cheiwo nyaya yacho chakasanganiswa, mhedzisiro yechishandiso chakazotemerwa. Vagadziri vemazuva ano havachinje mitemo yevavanhu-vatenzi. Vagadziri veGerman vakaita kuti vakuru vaizonzi "bhasi bass", kazhinji pane chiridzwa chakatambwa mukati memazororo ekumakore ekumakore ekumaruwa. Munyika imwe neimwe, chigadzirwa chakagadzirirwa nenzira yayo. Semuenzaniso, veItaly uye vaimbi vechiRungu vakazviita mumakara, asi French - nemabviro.
Kupera kweTiViii century kwakakosha mukuti iyi mimhanzi inogadzirwa yashandiswa kushingairira nemimhanzi troupes yese yeEurope. Ndipo panguva iyoyo kuti kune mbiri bass vakatanga kuita solo.
Mumwe wevaimbi vakava shamwari yaBeethoven Dragonetti, iyo nzira yayo yainzi dhizaini yekuchinja yekuchinja. Iyo Wirtuloso yakafungidzirwawo conductor uye comoser Italy D. Bottezini. Ndiye iye akavhura midziyo matsva emhando uye akasimudza mwero wemutambo.
Zvichida zvakapetwa kaviri ndechimwe chezvishandiso zvishomana zvisingaverengeke. Muzana ramakore rapfuura, yakatanga kuburitsa zvigadzirwa ne 4 uye mashanu tambo, vakakurumidza kuunganidza zvishandiso zvakapfuura nekuda kwekugadzira chimiro chakanaka. Chinhu chinonakidza ndechekuti kuita kwemabasa eWagnyer kunoda mabhureki mashanu miviri, uye zvishandiso zvine tambo 4 zvakakodzera jazz, chimiro chavo chakafanana ne cello.
Inoshanda solo inoburitswa pane iyo Aggregates yePear-Semhando yerudzi.
Ruzha
Pasinei nenyaya yekuti hupamhi hwepamhepo hwakasiyana zvakanyanya nehoroondo dzevamwe tambo-mbopa-dzinotaura zvisizvo, vanotenda zvakashata kuti ruzha rwunofanira kunge rwakashata uye ruzha. Kugumbura idzi runyerekupe, zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti Iyo timre yechigadzirwa yakanaka kwazvo, ine chaiyo uye yakasarudzika ruvara. Kana iwe ukarondedzera ruzha, unogona kushandisa Epitheets yakadai seyakapfuma, nyoro, gobvu, velvety, mune mamwe mabasa inogona kuyeuchidza izwi. Kubva muboka rese renzvimbo, rinoshandiswa mune symphony orchestra, iyo mbiri bass gadzira ruzha rwakaderera - runogadzira imwe nheyo yebasa rose.
Iyo mhando yeiyo mimhanzi inoridzwa inoshanda kune 4 octaves, kwete zvimwe Nekudaro, iyi Tsitsi inogona kubvisa kunyange kukwirira kwakakwirira kubva pazviri, zvese zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti mimhanzi yezvibodzwa zviviri zvakanyorwa zvese zviri muBass uye mune kiyi yeYiolet, asi yekutanga kuverenga zvakanyanya kushanda. Maererano nezvinyorwa, muimbi anofanira kutamba octave pazasi, mune iyi itsu.
Izvo zvinofanirwa kucherechedzwa kuti zvakaoma chaizvo kushandisa chishandiso chakadai nekuda kwemapakati. Maoko emimhanzi anofanira kunge akakura, uye zvigunwe zvakatambanudzwa. Kazhinji pane kureba pakati penzvimbo, saka nekukurumidza kupfuura hakuna kuwanikwa kune wese munhu. Nekudaro, nzira dzechokwadi dzezvishandiso zvese izvi zvishandiso izvi, kuita iyo inozivikanwa "kubhururuka" kana basa raN. Paganini, iyo inosiyana mukukurumidza kumhanya.
Ongororo yemarudzi
Chero chiridzwa chero chemumhanzi chakakamurwa kuita dzakasiyana siyana, iyo mbiri bass haina kusarudzika. Chishandiso chePUFF-pini chinosanganisa hunhu hwe acoustic kaviri bass uye nzira yemagetsi inonzi electrocontrambass. Ane ruzha rwekare, asi matekinoroji emazuva ano anoshandiswa mariri, nekuda kwekuti chingaishandiswe kunyange muzvinyorwa zvinyorwa. Chishandiso chinosimbisa pikicha, chinovimbisa kutapurirana kweiyo oscillation yetambo uye dzimba.
Chinhu chinosiyanisa chikamu cheyuniti iyi ihukuru hwayo, iyo imwe yakasarudzika zvishoma. Kutenda kumaruva emagetsi, iwe unogona kuwana mhedzisiro, kugadzira chimwe chinhu chitsva kuti uurawe. Kana dziri macakes emagetsi e electrocontasts, zvakasiyana zvinoenderana nemhando. Zvimwe zvigadzirwa zvine makumi mana neshanu masendimita, ayo ane zana nemakumi matanhatu, ayo akafanana neacoustic zviridzwa, mamwe ma paramita evana makumi manomwe neshanu emakore akafanana neyenzvimbo kana bass gitare.
Master Bass bass is a akasiyana chishandiso, icho chiri kushanda kuti ugadzire nyanzvi dzechokwadi . Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinodiwa zvemunhu uye zvishuwo zvechiimbi chinogona kufungwa. Iyo nyanzvi yakanyatsosarudza zvinyorwa zveiyo demo uye grid, pamwe nezvinhu uye zvese zvikamu kuti ugadzire yakasarudzika unit. Rudzi urwu rwezvishandiso rwakanyanya kudhura kupfuura chiyero, saka virtuosos uye vaimbi vane zita reNyika vakasarudzwa.
Uye pamusika iwe unogona kuwana imwe-kolesy kaviri bass, iyo ine magetsi, nepo zvimwe zvisina kunaka chishandiso.
Application uye Reportoire
Kaviri bass inosanganisirwa muboka remidziyo yekumanikidza rekamuri uye symphony orchestras, Pasina iyo, basa racho harigone kuzara. Chikonzero chechisikwa ndechekuda kwekusava nechokwadi bass mapato, inoitwa naCello. Kutenda kune mbiri bass, nheyo yeAngonic uye yakajeka yakagadzirwa, iyo ruzha rwunopfuma uye rwiyo. Pakutanga, chimwe chete chishandiso chakadai changa chiri mu orchestras, asi nhasi zvikwata zvepasi rose zvinoshandisa kusvika ku8 tambo-bog.
Zvakakodzera here kutaura kuti mbiri mbiri dzakatangira kushandiswa mumauto orchizi, zvine marara, nyika, dombo uye tangoza kana kutaura mimhanzi yakakurumbira. Concert emapoka mazhinji ezvingaitika haabhadhare pasina orchestra umo mafuro maviri anenge aripo.
Kuda kukuru, chishandiso chinofarira mumatanda acho nenzira yeJazz, vanowanzove nekuumbwa kudiki, saka muimbi anopihwa alo kuratidza bass.
Nhasi, masitaera mazhinji akaoneka munyika yemumhanzi - mweya, funk, fiusion, inotora hunyanzvi hwekuurayiwa, kupa mabhasi maviri chete.
Rangarira kugona kwechishandiso ichi nehuremu hunyanzvi hwakachengetedzwa kuve wekutanga mutambi D. Dragonetti, uyo akapa solo pati muLour Party Xviii century. Shure kwake, vakatanga kuita kuti vateedzere vakadaro saA. Bears, P. Bottezini, V Volkov, E. Meyer nevamwe vazhinji. Kusvika parizvino, iwe unogona kuwana pfuma recertoire chiridzwa ichi, icho mumabasa ake anoshandiswa N. Kapustin, V. Brunsdorf, I. Giidn.
Accessories
Kune imwe neimwe yemimhanzi yemigadziri inogadzira Iyo yakapfuma seti yezvikamu zvakasiyana nezvinhu zvinoita basa ravo . Semuenzaniso, iwe unogona kuwana kesi kana nyaya yezvipfeko zviviri zvekuchengetedza uye zvakabudirira zvekufambisa. Mukati imomo inogona kuve muhomwe yakapatsanurwa yezvinyorwa uye zvikamu, semuenzaniso, tambo. Uye zvakare chikamu chakakosha che chero tambo yetambo-pini ndeyakaipa uye chimiro chehuni, pasina muimbi. Kutenda kune izvi zvinhu, kutamba zvakapetwa kaviri sezvinobvira uye zvinofadza, uye vamwe vanopa hupenyu hwakareba hwechigadzirwa.
Maitiro ekutamba sei?
Usati watanga kutamba pane chero tambo chishandiso, chinofanira kugadzirirwa.Kurongedza
Kuti pfuti mbiri dzakaremekedzwa sezvazvinodiwa, uye zvakabatanidzwa pamwe nezvimwe zviridzwa mu orchestra, zvinodikanwa kuti ugadzirise. Vazhinji vanoshandisa inokosha tuner - Izvi zviri nyore, asi panguva imwe chete chishandiso chine simba, icho chaunogona kuteerera kune chaicho kurira kwerudzi rwechirevo zvakasiyana uye kuzvisimbisa nenzira kwayo. Iyo Chromic mudziyo ine akati wandei nguva dzakasiyana, dzakashongedzerwa nemabhatani anoratidza tambo dzishandiso. Nechishandiso chakadai, unogona kurerutsa mamiriro acho, pasina kuburitsa bass mbiri.
Vazhinji vaimbi vanonzwa zvakakwana, saka vanogona kugadzirisa pasina zvishandiso zvebetsero, asi izvi zviri kure nevanhu vese.
Chinzvimbo cheruoko
Nzvimbo yeminwe uye maoko anoita basa rakakosha, saka kana ukatanga kujairana kwako nechiridzwa, chekutanga pane zvese zvaunoda kudzidza nezvazvo. Saka, iyo index yemunwe weruboshwe mune ino kesi ichave yekutanga, zvichiteerana, iyo yepakati - yechipiri - yechipiri uye ichingodaro. Yemutambo chete minwe mitatu chete inoshandiswa, nekuti tiri kutaura nezve kota.
Chinzvimbo chiitiko zvichienderana neizvo zvigunwe zvakavakirwa pane imwe toni. . Tambo yega yega ine huwandu hwayo nzvimbo, kazhinji 7 yavo, asi inogona kunge iri yakawanda. Nekumanikidzwa, kureba kweiyo nzvimbo yeOscillating yetambo inova diki, saka kuwanda kuri kusimuka, uko kwakasiyana-siyana kwakakura.
Mune orchestral shungu inoshandiswa 1-4 chinzvimbo (Yekutanga, yechipiri uye yechina chigunwe), mune yakawedzera chigunwe chechitatu, iyo yakanyanyisa inofukidza mutemo diki. Tambo dzisina kunyorwa, dzinotaurwa nezvevhuvhurwa, saka dzinoitwa ne zero muchishandiswa.
Izvo zvinokwanisika kudzidza mutambo pamapepa maviri, asi zvinotora nguva yakawanda uye kushanda nesimba kuti uite izvi.
Naizvozvo, zviri nani kushandisa kune imwe nzira inokodzera neyakapfuma chiitiko, kusaina zvidzidzo uye kuenda mukudzidziswa kwemhando iyo ichatungamira kumhedzisiro yakanaka.
Kana iri chinzvimbo chorudyi, anochengeta uta. Izvi zvinogona kuitwa munzira mbiri dzakataurwa pamusoro apa. Iyo system yeGerman inosanganisira kuchengeta chishandiso kudivi, sezvo shangu yakakura, chigunwe chinofanira kuiswa pane nzimbe. Asi nzira yeFrench ine mutsauko mukuiswa kweuta kubva kumusoro, uchiyeuchidza kubatwa kweiyo cello, zvakateerana, chigunwe chiri pasi pechiro.
Izvo zvinokwanisika kuitisa uta zvakasiyana, zvese zvinoenderana neyakagadzirwa genre, zvakakosha kuti utarise hunhu, timre renzwi, simba uye mutsara. Kazhinji, panguva yemutambo, vaimbi vakakuvadza tambo nemunwe, inonzi pizzichato, iyo yakakodzera kune veSolo emapato.
Game maitiro
Iyo mbiri miviri yemhando yerudzi rwekirasi ine muviri wakakura, saka Iyo nzvimbo yeuta yakaoma kufona yakagadzikana. Kubva pane izvi zvinotevera kuti mutambo unodikanwa kuti uite nhamburiko. Vamwe vaimbi vanonakidzwa kumira kwakasiyana, mumwe munhu anogara pachigaro uye anoisa chiridzwa mberi, mumwe munhu anofarira kutamba akamira - muimbi wega wega ane mafungiro ake akaitwa.
Munguva yeTango music, inodikanwa kuti udzore bhuku remutambo uye kugashwa kwe pizzicato, Asi nekuda kweJazazi, zvigadzirwa zvebundu zvinokwanisika zvakatarisana nerudzi rweviratidzo.
Kana vari mitezo inoshandiswa mumutambo pane mbiri bass, kune akawanda akawanda, ivo vanopinda mareka, stakkato, ricochet, spikes, inotakurika uye marudzi ese ehunyanzvi anozivikanwa chero muimbi.
Chokwadi chinonakidza
Uye zvishoma zvinonakidza uye zvine ruzivo nezve iyi tambo yetambo-pini chiridzwa uye kuti akashamisika sei vazhinji. Vazhinji vevakaroora vanogona kutamba nemhando yemhando yemhando yemhando yekushambadzira gitare, iyo yakashongedzerwawo netambo ina. Ichi chishandiso chomumhanzi chakawana mukurumbira mukuru pakati pezvikwata zviri pakati pezana remakore rapfuura.
Mukuru akakurumbira B. Jones airatidza melky panguva yekutaura kwake muna 1911, ipo uta hwakavhunika. Izvo hazvina kunyadzisa muimbi, uye akaramba achiita pati yake neminwe yake, panguva iyoyo ndipo apo mutauro wakasarudzika wePizzichicato wakavhurwa kekutanga.
Pakutanga kwa 1600, muimbi wePoland akaitwa mune rimwe remaguta eGerman, ane mbiri mbiri dzaive dzakakwirira mina, saka aidaidzwa kuti octobas. Goriyati ndechimwe chezvombo zvekare zvakachengetedzwa kusvika kunguva yedu, uye nhasi zvinogona kuwanikwa kwaari kuLondon Museum. Kureba kwayo kunopfuura mita mazana maviri nemashanu, uye upamhi hwakanyanya kudarika mita. Ne fomu yake, akafanana neViola da Gamba, asi Boca zvishoma.
Pane mamwe octobas, hazvigoneke kutamba wega, saka zviviri zvinodiwa, zvekuti munhu mumwe anomhanyisa tambo, uye imwe yacho yakashandisa uta.
Pane imwe yeairatidziro muParis, matatu-tambo Oktobas akaratidzwa, iyo muna 1855 yakaita tenzi wechiFrench. Uku kuratidzira kunogona kuonekwa mune inochengetedza museum. Ichi chaicho chiitiko chikuru che4 metrer kukwirira, kutonga kunopfuura nerubatsiro rwechirimwa-pedal system. Ehezve, hazvidikanwe kutaura nezvezvinoita zvinodiwa, saka iwo muenzaniso wakajeka weiyo yekutanga unit. Asi iyi haisiyo chete hukuru hukuru hwepasi munyika, muchokwadi Rekodha paramende inosvika 5.55 m pakukwirira uye 2.13 m pal.
Zvine musoro kuti nekuda kwehukuru hwakakura hwezvakakura zviviri zviviri bass, unogona chete kudzidza mutambo wevakuru, asi nhasi kune maturusi akakodzera kwesimba remakore manomwe. Munguva yemutemo wakaoma mumutemo muUnited Found of Couple Bass, Aluminium yakashandiswa, zvishandiso zvakadaro zvakashandiswa nemauto orchi.
Chiitiko chakakura kwazvo, kutora chikamu mune izvo zvakatora anenge 90 bassists, yakava concert yakarongeka muSeoul 9 makore apfuura. Vaimbi vakaita chirevo umo mapato akaiswa kunze kwenjere uye violinist, asi ivo vairidzwa pamapani maviri.
Kune zvikwata izvo zvinowanzo kutyaira, vagadziri vanopa kujaira mumhando yemubatanidzwa yakagadzirirwa nehutubvi rinobviswa. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvigadzirwa zvemhando yepamusoro hazvichinje munzira chero ipi zvayo, uye zviri nyore kwazvo zvekufambisa.
Mutengo wezvakanyanya kudhura kaviri bass inosvika zviuru zvina makumi maviri zvemadhora, sezvazvinogadzirwa nehuni dzenondo.
Iye zvino iwe unoziva zvakawanda nezvezvikamu zviviri, hunhu hwavo, nhoroondo yechisikirwo uye mhando. Ichi chiridzwa chinoshamisa chiridzwa chine mutsindo wakasarudzika, izvo zvinonakidza mweya. Pamwe chete nedzimwe nhengo dzeSporthony Orchestra, vanoita zvinogona kuunza nyika kumimhanzi inoshamisa.
