Iyo suppon yakambove iripo muhupenyu hwedu zuva nezuva. Kuziva huwandu rake mumilliliters uye uremu gramu, unogona kugadzirira zvakachengeteka chero culinary yekubika. Saka, chipunu cherudzi rweimwe saizi chichava chiyero chakakosha kuyera zvinhu zvatinoda. Ndezvipi zviitiko zviri nani kushandisa zvigadzirwa zveimwe-nguva, chipunu chine chibato refu? Mhinduro dzemimwe mimwe mibvunzo - mune yedu chinyorwa.
Zveshuwa
Iyo yekutanga yekutanga chinongedzo, uko spoon inotaurwa, inoreva nezvemireniyumu yechitatu kuguva yedu. MuRussia, chipunu chenyaya yechinhu chekudya chakamiririrwa naMuchinda Vladimir muna 998. Mushure metsika yekubhabhatidzwa kwevagari vese veRussia kusimudza mwero wetsika, Muchinda akaraira kudya kwakakosha.
Kubva ipapo, midziyo yekicheni yachinja zvakanyanya. Paive nemhando dzakasiyana siyana, uye dzimwe nguva zvakaoma kufunga kuti ndepapi uye kuti rungarara sei patafura.
Mhando huru dzezvipfeko imba yekudyira, dessert uye tii.
- Imba yekudyira inoshandiswa kugamuchira ndiro yekutanga.
- Dessert anoiswa kana pudding, tiramisu, halva, cheesecake, parfair, berisiir, berisi nekrimu uye mamwe macream Iyo isingasviki yekudyira imba.
- Iyo teaspoon inodaidzwa kuti nekuti chaive chinhu chakakosha chetei cheti yekunwisa shuga kana jamu, inoshumirwa neyeti yeti.
Kutaurwa kwekutanga kwekuzivikanwa kweiyo teaspoon kunoreva kune Xviii century. Iyo teaspoon idiki spoon ine oval kana yakatenderedzwa ndiro uye flat, yemukati kana yakamonyaniswa bata nehurefu hwegumi nemashanu cm. Inotaridzika kunge imba yekudyira kana dessert, asi zvishoma zvidiki zvidiki. Shandisa kubvumidzwa kwekudya kwekudya uye zvinwiwa - tii, cocoa, inopisa chokoreti.
Kugona
Chipunu chinhu chakasikwa. Iyo inoshandiswa muchechi panguva yekudyidzana, vanhu vane mimhanzi vari kutamba pamusoro pavo, sekushandisa kwekuvhunduka. Izvo zvigadziriso zvakabikwa nemishonga, kutora saizi uye vhoriyamu yemupuni. Kurekodha Recipe, Confectioners Vakaona, mune iyo vhoriyamu inoda izvo zvinodikanwa zvinodikanwa kugadzirira ndiro, pamwe nezviyero zvehuremu.
Pakange paine kudikanwa kwekutamisa iyo Serua Spoon. Mushure mezvose, mudziyo haugone kuve saizi imwe yekutanga ndiro uye dessert.
Kuzivikanwa kwetii yetii kwakaomesesa kuberekwa kwehomwe kune tii yekudya. Kazhinji mune culinary mapfundo inoratidza kuumbwa kwaunoda kwezvinhu zviri muCantiens uye maspuni. Naizvozvo, zvakafanira kuziva kuti ingani ingori yakavezwa muhuwandu hwezvipfiriro zve1 muML uye MG.
Mvura yakanakira kuyera vhoriyamu. Mune supuni, chete mashanu emamirigiramu emvura uye inozadza supuni nechechitatu, chitoro chekofi pane kota.
Zvizere vhoriyamu vhoriyamu ichave kubva pane zvimwe zvigadzirwa. Izvo zvinodikanwa kuti ufunge nezverudziro pane iyo yekubheka, kumwe kunhu yakanyorwa - ine slide, uye ruzha ruchava zvishoma.
Isu tinopa tafura yechikafu, maererano nehuwandu.
Zvikamu | Vhoriyamu, ML |
Mvura | 5 ± 0.1. |
Yakanyungudika margarine | 4 ± 0.1. |
Mafuta ekubikisa | 5,1 |
Bhomba | 5.0 |
Mukaka wose | 5.0 |
Apple vhiniga | 5.0 |
Soya Sauce | 5.0 |
Nyanya Paste | 5.0 |
Doro | 7.0 |
Pasta Peanuts | 8.0 |
Mayonnaise | 10.0 |
Mudiwa | 10.0 |
Sosi kirimu | 10.0 |
Mukaka wakarukwa | 12.0. |
Michero yakashamiswa | 17.0 |
Jam | 17.0 |
Uye zvino magiramu mumaproups, tii uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakaoma. Kurema kweiyo suppoon kwakanangana nekukosheswa kwechinhu, zvinoitika zvishoma ne 0.5 magiramu kana anopfuura.
Zvikamu | Misa, G. pasina pamusoro | Misa, G. nemabhiza |
Tii | 2 ± 0.1. | 3 ± 0.5 |
Musikana Medicinal | 2,1 | 3,3. |
Chibage | 2.0 | 4 |
Yakaoma yemasitadhi | 4.0 | 7. |
Mupunga | 5.0 | sere |
Pasi crackers | 5.0 | 7. |
Ridza mbiriso | 5.0 | sere |
Dry cream | 5.0 | 6. |
Lemon acid | 5.0 | sere |
Gelatin | 5.0 | sere |
Pasi pepper | 5.0 | sere |
Oatmeal flakes | 6.0 | sere |
Starch | 6.0 | pfumbamwe |
LENTILS | 7.0 | pfumbamwe |
Pasi kofi | 7.0 | pfumbamwe |
Buckwheat | 7.0 | gumi |
Raisin | 7.0 | gumi |
Shuga | 7.0 | gumi |
Soda | 7.0 | gumi |
Munyu "kuwedzera" | 7.0 | gumi |
Gobvu sinamoni | 8.0 | 12 |
Poppy | 8.0 | 12 |
Crup (Pearl, pfupa) | 8.0 | gumi neimwe |
Semolina | 8.0 | 12 |
Hupfu | 9.0 | 12 |
Cocoa poda | 9.0 | 12 |
Zai poda | 10.0 | 12 |
Orekhi | 10.0 | 13 |
Yakapihwa nemukaka | 12.0. | gumi neina |
Zivo yeVhoriyamu (Mamiriyoni mangani ari mune tii supuni) inobatsira kuyera uremu hwezvigadzirwa, zvinwiwa zvakasiyana-siyana mugadzirwa chero ripi zvaro rekubika.
Varietsies
MuXviii century, kofi kofi uye neTi yeti nedzimba dzevhu dzakavhurwa uye, chokwadika, ndiro nyowani dzinoonekwa dzevete, kofi. Mitemo mitsva yetifiekiti inoonekwa, iri kusundira kuchigadzirwa chetii, kofi mbiri.
Chiputi chinogona kuve nechinangwa chakasiyana. Zvichienderana neupfu hworudzi rwakabatanidzwa sei, kutaridzika kwayo kuchinja:
- Chipunu chezvinwiwa zvakatonhorera zvakafanana netii, chete mubato wacho akareba;
- Michero machira ane makonzo akapinza pamupendero wemukombe wezvipfeko;
- Zvipfeko zve ice cream chinoyeuchidzwa pachimiro chetsiva chine yakakotama.
- Mabhonji emarari anomiririra akasiyana-siyana masheti ekuvhiringidza mapeche, kugadzirwa kwaBislinthe;
- Chipunu chemaorivhi neakareba chigaro uye ndiro diki ine gomba riri pakati - Brine inoyerera, iyo yemiorivhi inoramba iri pane chipunu;
- Spoon yeCaviar ine zvishoma rectangular chimiro cheiyo ndiro uye chidiki chishoma kubata kupfuura tii.
Zviri nyore kunzwisisa kuti idzi dzese mhando dzezvipfeko dzichasiyana kwete muhukuru chete, asi vhoriyamu.
Kugadzira mapopuni, semutemo, shandisa Simbi isina simbi, sirivheri, goridhe, madhiri kubva kune vasiri-ferus simbi. Zvipomedzero zvehuni hazviwanzo kutemwa, ivo vanokwana muchimiro chechipo chiitiko.
Zvinoratidzika uye zvisina kujairika kutarisa Ceramic maspuni. Yakanaka inomiririrwa ceramic kits, uko tii uye spoon inotarisa mune imwe yakazara. Nechirakiti yakagadzirwa neti sirivheri, yegoridhe yezviratidziro nechero ceramic kubata. Kuti uwane cafe zvakakodzera kutenga yakagadzikana uye yakanaka tui midziyo, vashanyi vanozofadza uye vakagadzikana, nekuti zvese zvinoenderana nezvinhu zvidiki.
Vakahwina mukurumbira wavo uye Inoraswa mapurasitiki tei-kofi-kofi inoshomwa yakagadzirwa polystyrene. Runako rwezvipfeko izvi ndereko dzisina kunyudzwa, uye mushure mekushandiswa mushure mekushandiswa. Ivo vanodiwa rwendo kusvika kune zvakasikwa, mumakwikwi, panzendo. Inoshandisa ndiro yepurasitiki kana uchifamba neguta, ungana mumakamuri marara kuti adzorerwe.
Ungasarudza sei?
Kana iwe ukafunga kutenga tii madhiri iwe pachako kana kuita chipo, ipapo Kana uchisarudza zvinhu izvi, teerera:
- pane kunaka kwesimbi uye kusvibiswa - kune zvigadzirwa zvisina zvigadzirwa zvesimbi;
- pane sampula ne stigma - pane zvigadzirwa zvesirivha;
- Chishandiso hachifanirwe kunhuhwirira chemistry;
- Tenga zvipunu zveiyo yakakurumbira mugadziri iyo ine inoperekedza magwaro anovimbisa hunhu hwavo;
- Yakakwirira-mhando tii midziyo haifanire kunge isina kureruka uye yakaonda;
- Kana vachisarudza matanda esirivheri, sirivha yakakwirira, ine simba rakakwirira kwazvo renyama rakanatswa, mhando yakakwira.
Midziyo yesirivheri inoitwa kuti ipe chidzidzo chemwana, mukuremekedza zino rekutanga, pazuva rekuzvarwa, kwemuchato. Kunyanya kutyisa kufanira kuve kana uchisarudza chipo chemwana. Tafura sirivha yepamusoro mhando inogara ine retifientic chitupa.
Funga nezvakafukidzwa nechinhu chesirivheri. Kana ikashandiswa kudya, uye kwete kuita basa reSouvenir, inogona kungofukidzwa nendarama. Kana iyo yekuvhara yeRhodium, varnish, enamel, zvishandiso zvakadaro zvinogona kushandiswa chete sevacheki.
Silver sponpoons munguva yedu ine chikumbiro chikuru, inotengwa mukutengesa uye inogadzika pamutengo unogamuchirika. Tea sirivheri zvishandiso zvine zvakawanda zvakanaka mutsauko - elegant mafomu, mamwe ekushongedza, kusingawanzo basa tenzi.
Ipa zvipo zvepamusoro-zvemhando yepamusoro zvinogara zvakanaka, zvigadzirwa zvesirivha zvakawanda . Zvipo zvakadaro zvinosara kwenguva yakareba mundangariro uye dzinoshandiswa mumba. Semutemo, zvipfeko zvesirivha zvinopihwa nekunyorwa, izvo zvinoshandiswa kune rimwe danho rekubata, kwaunogona kutaura zuva rekuzvarwa kwemwana, zuva remuchato wekurangarira kana chero chimwe chiyeuchidzo, mukuremekedza izvo a Chipo chakagadzirwa.
Kuchengetwa uye kutarisira
Mushure menguva yenguva, sirivheri inozadza uye inova isinganyanye kutaridzika, asi izvi hazviitike, Izvo zvinofanirwa kuchengetwa zvakanaka uye kuzvitarisira.
- Zvigadzirwa zvesirivheri zvinochengeterwa zvakasiyana kubva kune mamwe madhiri, zvirinani - mune velvet kesi.
- Iine sirivheri inokurudzirwa mukamuri ine humbowo diki, dzivisa kusangana negesi, zvigadzirwa zvegirosi, zvinoreva zvine sarufa zvimedu, ivo vanogona kubatsira kuderera sirivheri.
- Zvakanakisa zvekuchengetedza zvichafanira kukodzera parchment, foil. Vachadzivirira sirivheri kubva oxidation.
- Imwe yemirairo huru yekutarisirwa kwesirivha masango ndeyekunyatso kupukuta netauro nyoro, kwete kuvasiya. Haufanire kuvasuka mundiro yekuwachira, madhiri uye chirwere chacho chingaonekwa, chinozooma kuti chibvise.
- Kuti ibiridze glitter uye yaifadza chitarisiko, dzimwe nguva inofanira kunge ichirovera neAmmonia, Citric acid, vhiniga. Chikamu chimwe nechimwe chinofanira kuiswa nemvura mu1: 10 ratio, isa mhinduro yesirivheri kweawa, wozopukuta nejira nyoro.
- Sanganisa zvinhu zvesirivheri kubva pakupambwa zvichabatsira zvakajairika zvekudya zveSoda Nekuda kwekutanga, iwe unogona kupfeka moto uye upe zvishoma kubheya.
- Kugadziridzwa kwembatisi kunobatsira kudzoreredza kupenya. Isa chigadzirwa kubva sirivheri kwemaminetsi gumi nemashanu mukushongedzwa, uye zvinova senge nyowani.
- Yakanakisa inogona kucheneswa nezvipfeko sirivheri uchishandisa mazino. Isu tinoshandisa pasita pane jira rePlannel uye pukuta chipunu.
- Iwe unogona kutenga zvigadzirwa zvekutarisira zvigadzirwa zvesirivheri muzvitoro zvebhizinesi.
Kuenderera mberi nekutarisa vhidhiyo ine matipi ekutarisira kutinhira kweti.