Chisikwa chakagadzirira huwandu hwakakura hwezvishamiso uye kunyange zvakavanzika. Ehe, hapana chinhu chisinganzwisisike kana chisinganzwisisike mavari, asi kukwezva kwemari yakasikwa haina kunetesa. Zvakavanzika zvakawanda zvinovanza nyika yemaminerari. Izvo zvinobatsira uye zvinodzidzisa kuti udzidze, semuenzaniso, zvese nezve goridhe nugices.
Chii chazviri?
Nhamba dzakasarudzika dzinoratidza: angangoita 97% yegoridhe yakazara yakaunganidzwa pasi pano vakasarudzwa kubva kune maIndigous deposits. Iyi inzvimbo yakasimba uye yakavimbika ye "inosemesa" uye panguva imwe chete iyo inonakidza simbi. Kune kukunda kwakasanganiswa nevamwe maOres uye isina chinhu chemaminerari dombo. Kuti uwane iyo goridhe zvakanyanya, iwe unofanirwa kushandisa yakawanda yekuwedzera manipulations.
Asi hunyanzvi chaihwo hwenyika ye geological ndeyekuziva iyo goridhe nugget . Goridhe reNative rinowanikwa risingawanzo. Uye ndosaka achinetseka kwazvo nevamwari varidzi. Kusvibiswa mune yakadaro kuwana vashoma.
Izvo zvakanakisa nugices ndeaya asina kana chero zvinhu zvinowedzera kana zvinosanganisira ivo mukutsvaga huwandu.
Zvakaoma kutaura chaizvo kuti sei goridhe nugget inoita kunge mune zvakasikwa. Geometry, zviyero uye uremu zvinogona kusiyana zvakanyanya. Iko kukosha kukuru kune makopi ehuwandu hwe1 kusvika zana kg. Dzimwe nguva kusangana kunyange akakura nugices. Asi izvi zvatova chaizvo zvakasiyana, uye mumwe nemumwe wavo ane zita raro.
Vanoumbwa sei?
Iko kubuda kwegoridhe yehurumende kunotora zvakadzika mumadhipatimendi epasi. Izvi zvinoda nguva yakareba kwazvo. Kunyangwe nyanzvi hadzigone kupindura zvakajeka kuti dzidzo yemineral inoonekwa sei. Munguva yakapfuura, vigoridhe vashoma (vese vanoshanda mumigodhi uye vanotarisira) vakatenda kuti nugices "kukura" muvhu. Iko kukosha kwekufungidzira kwakadaro ndekwe zvidimbu zvidiki zvegoridhe, zvakaparadzaniswa kubva kuOre Core, vari "kukwezva" zvidimbu zvidiki zvakananga kubva pasi uye kwevhu renzvimbo dzakawanda pasi rose.
Pane imwe nhanho inotevera, zvimedu zvakadaro zvinokura pamwechete kune mumwe nemumwe. Semhedzisiro, yakakura kwazvo nugices inoonekwa, iyo inokosheswa kwazvo. Asi izvi, pasina mubvunzo, iyo yakanaka vhezheni "isiri kurova" nechinangwa chokwadi. Uye izvo zvisimbiso zvakapa goridhe vashandi munguva yakapfuura, nyanzvi nhasi dzinoramba. Saka, chokwadi chekuti huru yeNative goridhe haina kuonwa mumutsipa haigone kufungwa neuchapupu hwekushayikwa kwekutaurirana pakati pezviitiko izvi.
Zvidzidzo zvengamini zvakatibvumira kuti tizive izvozvo Goridhe muchisikirwo inotanga kuumbwa muV-yakagadzirirwa mafomu. Naizvozvo, nekuumbwa kwekutanga uye nzvimbo yesimbi, iyo midziyo yakapfuma yemotokari yakazova pachiso pachayo kana yakadzika kwazvo. Zvishoma nezvishoma, huwandu hwakakosha hwekutanga deposits hwakazara zvachose. Nyanzvi dzinofunga kuti dzinenge 2/3 dzechikamu chepamusoro che chero chikamu chegoridhe-chine mitezo chakareba chakaparadzwa, uye zvino chete zvasara zvinowanikwa.
Mimwe Mamiriro Akakosha Akasimbiswa - Hombe nugices hadzina kuumbwa kwete mu ore mutsinga, asi zvakare mune zvidiki zveLateral vegines, iri kure pamatanho akasiyana kubva mumuviri wepfungwa. Vapomeri vakadaro vanobva vatora mafirita echisikigo vanokwanisa kubata zvinyararire zvinokatyamadza nendarama. Kana mhinduro dzinoenderera nepamapapiro, ivo vanongoisa simbi, iyo inogadzira zvivakwa zvemukati mushure menguva yakati.
Nyanzvi dzakazivawo kuti ruzhinji rwevazhinji rweNugices hombe dzaumbwa muzvikamu zvidiki zvakapfuma mune simbi inokosha uye iri padyo nepasi pevhu.
V-dzidziso ine zvakawanda zvinoshanda zvisarudzo, uye muZana ramakore XxI hapana geologist ichatofunga zvakadzama "rostov dzidziso".
Urikuwanepiko?
Vadzidzi vane ruzivo vanofarira kutsvaga goridhe renzvimbo muNyika Staritsa uye mune dzaimbova nzizi dzerwizi dzakaomesa nguva. Asi iyo bhenji rakadaro harina kukwana. Nzvimbo dzinogona kuitika dzemizimbe dzinoenderana nemaitiro akadaro:
- pedyo nemajohts e teconic zvivakwa;
- Pakanga paine makomo anoputika mune imwe nzvimbo yenzvimbo;
- Yakambowana mahwendefa egoridhe kana goridhe-inobereka midzi midzi;
- Mukati me radius ye50-80 km hapana sirivha deposits.
Maiwe, muEurope chikamu cheRussia chakakodzera kutsvaga kwegoridhe ingori nzvimbo hapana nzvimbo. Asi muSiberia (kazhinji munzvimbo yemusango), mikana yekubudirira inguva zhinji zvimwe. Izvo zvakare zvakakosha kushanya mukutsvaga kweNugices:
- Yakutia;
- Kolyma Rwizi Padha;
- Amur dunhu;
- Dunhu reKrasnoyarsk;
- Ositireriya;
- Ghana;
- Indonezhiya;
- Noweyi;
- Canada (ipapo munguva yakapfuura yaive yakakura kwazvo ingots).
Iyo hombe nugices
Munyika
Kazhinji iwe unogona kunzwa kuti iyo yakakura kwazvo yeiyo inowanikwa zviri pamutemo Nugices - Plate Halterman . Akawanikwa anenge makore zana nemakumi mashanu apfuura paQuartz mine muAustralia. Iyo yakazara yakazara yebwe yaive 250 kg, uye 93 kg accounted yeiyo yakachena precumatal, kureba kwaive 1.4 kuti uone kuti slab hairipo kwenguva yakareba. Kwakarangarirwa uye kurondedzerwa.
Asi kana iwe ukaenda chaizvo, ipapo iyo slab haingaratidzike sigget.
Zvicherwa zvinyoro-nyoro zvinoreva kwavari chete simbi. Iyo Tsvaga ya 1872 chidimbu chemitsipa, zvikamu zvendarama zvinobatanidza quarray. Mukurumbira wekopi inosanganiswa nenyaya yekuti muMutori wemifananidzo wakamuwana pakarepo akaita mifananidzo yakawanda, akapararira kutenderera pasirese.
Zvishoma pakutanga, muna 1869, yakawanikwa Iyo nugget "mutorwa anoda mweni" inorema 71 kg.
"Mutorwa waunoda" chaiko "aive akarara munzira." Vabatsiri vakagumburwa pane block pavakaedza kuburitsa ngoro yavo yejammed. Sezvo pakanga pasina simba rakakodzera pachiyero, ibwe raifanira kukamurwa kuita zvikamu uye nekuzvinyima zvimwe.
Iyo hombe nugget muCalifornia yakawanikwa kana ichichera makuva. Nakhodka yakadanwa mukuremekedza kuvigwa - "Oliver Martin", Lubbet inorema 36 KG yakatengeswa madhora zviuru makumi maviri nezvisere nemazana manomwe.
Kana iwe ukatarisa pamakopi akachengetedzwa akachengetedzwa, saka zvakanyanya kuomesa Pepita canaa. Iri goridhe rinogona kuwanikwa muna 1983 pedyo nemusha weBrazil weSerra Pelad, iri mune vaviri vaviri. Nakhodka inochengeta iyo Museum yeiyo nyika yepakati bhangi. Iyo yakazara misa ndeye60.82 kg, uye goridhe mavara anorema kupfuura 52 kg.
Zvakakosha kucherechedza kuti pakutanga chaipo, iyo Nugget yakanga ichiri nechido, asi yakanga isingaite kuzvidzora kubva pasi.
Pasinei nekupera simba kweiyo yegoridhe fivha, ese mitsva mitsva inowanikwa nguva nenguva. Saka, munaSeptember 2018, Henry Dolo akawana imwe ingot pamuchesesa nickel "Beta kuvhima", kuWest Australia. Nakhodka yakagadzirwa mune iyo nzira yebasa rekuputika rinoputika. Zvimedu zvikuru zvakaramba zvichitevera kuputika "kudhonzwa" anenge makumi mapfumbamwe emakirogiramu, ayo kusanganisa kwegoridhe yaive 65.2 kg. Zvakare yakawanawo chidimbu chichiyerera 60 kg (mukati mayo yaive 45.3 kg yegoridhe). Chii chakaitika kune nugget mberi, hazvizivikanwe.
Pakutanga, Muna 1980, padyo neguta reAustralia reMusauer vakawana ingot inonakidza 27.66 kg. Kevin Hiller akasangana naye. Dombo rakawana zita "Rutendo", Nekuti anotaridzika somuchindwe. Icho vanoda kuziva kuti iyi ndiyo kopi yepamusoro yegoridhe yakawanikwa nerubatsiro rwesimbi yekuongorora. Zvimedu zvemhando yacho ndezve 009x0.47x0.2 m. "Ruoko rwekutenda" runogona kuonekwa pamusuwo weiyo las vegas kasino.
Kumwe kuwana kwakaitwa muna 1992 muCalifornia. Uremu "Zvishongo zveKorona" Zviri 16.4 kg. Uyu muenzaniso wegirazi rekristaro goridhe, iyo yaive mukati me quartz misa. Fluoride hydrofluorgic acid isingabudise Quartz. "Icho Chipo chekorona"
MuRussia
Nyika yedu yakapfuma kwazvo mune goridhe deposits. Zvinoonekwa sekuti zvakajairika kusangana nepakati uye diki diki. Muenzaniso mukuru wewakabva mudzimba unozivikanwa neRussia yakakosha treangle. Iyo nugget yakawanikwa mune urals (kana kuti panzvimbo peizvozvo, muChikamu chake chekumaodzanyemba) mune chinhambwe 1842.
Icho chinonzwikwa kuti panguva iyoyo ndewangu, uko ingot inowanikwa yaive yakaonekwa kuti haina kukodzera kuti uwane mamwe mining.
V 1895 imwe tsvaga yakagadzirwa - Misa yake asvika 31 kg. Parizvino, kwenguva dzose dzakatevera, zvaive zvisingaiti kuwana goridhe nzizi dzinoyera 20 kg uye zvimwe, asi makopi emakopi e5-19.9 kg kurema. A Muna 1881 muBodaibo rwizi bhesin Yakaona ibwe rendarama-rendarama rine huwandu hwakawanda hwe25.9 kg. Pamusoro pekumutswa quartz, iyo sampuli yemhando ndeye 16.3 kg. Kuzivikanwa kweiyo yakakura yhut ingot (9.6 kg, 0.192x0,153x0.09 m) mazuva 1945.
Asi kwete nguva dzose kubwinya kweNugget kunosanganiswa nekodhi yayo-saizi. Saka, muDhaimani Fund Inoratidzwa "MEPHISTHELY" Kuyera chete inenge 0.02 kg. Nekudaro, vashanyi vatsva vakamhanyira kwaari nguva dzose. Iro ibwe rakafanana nemufananidzo chaiye weMefistophee, kuti zvinoshandiswa sei kuva vanhu vanoziva. Nhamba dzinoverengeka dzinoverengeka dziripo dzakaratidza kuti inyisipurable chigadzirwa, pasina kutora chikamu chevanhu.
Zvisina kujairika uye fomu "Nzeve Hare", inowanikwa mune ural. Ingot yakanyorwa mukutanga kwa1935, yakazvisveta pane imwe nyika huru yakashanda kwemakore anoda kusvika 110. Iyo pretpector yakauya ne "nzeve dzehudyu" dzatove munzira yekugadzirira yangu yekuchengetedza. Huwandu hwehurumende ndeye 3.3 kg, uye yakanyatsofanana nemusoro wakarukwa nenzeve dzakareba. Kunyorwa kwekuvhurwa ndekwake kwaPetro Simonov.
Heano mamwezve anowana:
- "Camel" (kolyma mine, 1947, 9.3 kg);
- "Bhiza remusoro" (Ural, 1936, 13.7 Kg);
- "Holey Holey" (3 kg, yakawana anenge makore mazana matatu apfuura - imwe yekutanga munyika yedu).
Anoshandiswa kupi?
Zvese zviri pachena pachena. NERBON Goridhe haina kushandiswa mune yehunyanzvi uye zvinangwa zvekurapa, ndezvekuti:
- anoenderera mberi zvishongo;
- kubatanidzwa pane yegoridhe mari;
- Inoshandiswa pakuratidzira zvinangwa;
- zvinoshandiswa kushambadza;
- yakatumira muzviverengero zvakavanzika.
Tarisa kunyange ruzivo runonyanya kufadza nezvegoridhe nugices muvhidhiyo inotevera.