Kutenderera kwega kwega kunogadzira kune yakaoma tsika yezvinhu zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi hwekubatana nehunyanzvi hwakakamurwa kuita basa rekutanga, pamwe nekupa uye kusimudzirisa. Nzvimbo yakakosha mune iyi ketani injini yemijiniya, iyo ndiyo huru yekubatanidza ine chekuita nekuvandudzwa uye kuita chigadzirwa chitsva. Iyi nyanzvi inoita basa rakakura mune chero kambani. Naizvozvo, munhu ane ruzivo rwakakodzera uye hunyanzvi hadzizombofi asina basa pasina basa uye huwandu hwakakodzera wekubhadhara.
Ngationgororeizve pane rondedzero yeiyo mainjiniya ekutumira uye zvinodiwa kune vanyoreri veichi chinzvimbo.
Zveshuwa
Rakashandurwa kubva kuLatin "Injiniya" rinoreva "kuuraya" ndiko kuti, munhu ane chekuita nekutanga kwemaitiro ekuvandudza mumwe kana imwe nzvimbo yehupenyu. Mune mamwe mazwi, uyu munhu anoita kuti zvigadzirwa. Injiniya-technologist - Injiniya uyo ane basa resangano rinoshanda rehunyanzvi hwekugadzira tekinoroji uye ekugadzira. Sechikamu cheiyi nyanzvi, 3 mafambiro makuru anosarudzika:
- gadziriro uye yesainzi nezviitiko zvinoshanda;
- Dhizaini basa;
- Sumo yekufambira mberi kwesainzi uye neTekinoroji mukugadzirwa.
Chinangwa chikuru, icho chinoiswa pamberi pemushandi muchimiro chehunyanzvi uye mugadziri, chinoderedzwa kusvika pakuita kwekusarudzwa kwenzira dzekugadzira.
Semamwe basa chero ripi zvaro, iro basa rehunyanzvi rine zvakanaka nezvakaipa. Saka, mainjiniya matekinoroji ane maitiro anorema akakodzera maitiro:
- kuda kwehunyanzvi;
- mukana wekusarudza zano mumusika wevashandi;
- yakakura muhoro muhoro pamberi pemakwikwi akakodzera;
- mukana wekukura kwebasa;
- Kukwikwidza kushaya simba.
Panguva imwecheteyo, uye mativi avo asina kunaka anowanikwa kwavari:
- kuwedzera basa;
- njodzi yakakura yekukuvara panguva yehunyanzvi.
- Kusangana nezvinhu zvinokuvadza.
Chimiro chehunyanzvi chinotora kuvapo kweruzivo rwese munzvimbo dzese uye mafambiro echigadzirwa chekugadzira, pamwe nedzidziso dzakabatana.
Munhu uyu anofanira kunge achiita zvekuzvidzivirira kuenderera mberi, anofanirwa kusiyaniswa neyekutanga, chinzvimbo chehupenyu uye chishuwo chekuenderera mberi nekuvandudza hunyanzvi hwayo, ruzivo uye kugona.
Mabasa
Mukuwirirana ne purofesa dzakataurwa muECTC, Murayiridzo wepamutemo wemushandi muchimiro cheinjiniya-technologist inosanganisira mabasa anotevera.
- Kudhirowa uye kuita seti yematanho akaomeswa Kukura kukwikwidza kwezvinhu zvakagadzirwa , kuderedza kwemari yekubhadhara uye mari yekushanda pamatanho ese ekutenderera kwekugadzira.
- Kusikwa uye kushandisirwa kwemaitiro anoshanda ehunyanzvi , Midziyo yemazuva ano, nzira uye mhinduro maererano ne-automation uye mechanization.
- Kugadziriswa Kushanda modes yekugadzira matanho ekugadzira.
- Kuverengera kweese maitiro mukugadzira.
- Kuverenga kwehupfumi hwehupfumi Kugadzirwa kutenderera.
- Kushandisa kuronga Zvigadzirwa zvinodiwa, mafuta, pamwe nekushandisa zvishandiso.
- Kudhirowa midziyo yekugara mumabasa emashandiro eindasitiri, Kupa mabasa, kuongorora midziyo mutoro uye kuronga kushandiswa kwekugadzirwa kwezvivakwa.
- Kutsunga kwekutevedzana kwekugadzirisa , Kuvandudzwa kweiyo yakakodzera chigadzirwa chekubuda munzira.
- Kuumbwa kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira Kuna snap, zviisiki, pamwe nechishandiso.
- Kuisirwa zviyero Simudza zvivakwa zvakashandiswa matekinoroji, nzira yemakadhi, pamwe nezvimwe zvinyorwa, imwe nzira kana imwe zvine chekuita nekuburitswa kwezvinhu.
- Kugadzirisa mune zvinyorwa zvehunyanzvi zvekugadzirwa kana zvichidikanwa.
- Kutora chikamu mukutsvaga uye ruzivo Exquisites.
- Kubatana kwegwaro nemapoka akaparadzaniswa nekambani.
- Kurovedza muviri Ongorora Zvidzidzo pane yekutanga tekinoroji yepamusoro.
- Kuita mabasa ne Kunyoresa kwezvikumbiro zvevatambi uye prototypes.
- Kuvandudzwa kwehurongwa hwezviitiko zvinangwa Kuvandudza Kubereka, Nhungamidzo yeyakafambira mberi uye yekune dzimwe nyika mukugadzirwa.
- Kuumbwa kweiyo yakaoma yebasa kwakanangidzirwa pane imwe inoshanda uye inoshanda yekuvandudza kwehurongwa huripo hwekugadzira uye kugadzirisa tekinoroji inoshandiswa.
- Inoshanda Kutora B. Kuunganidzwa kwezvirongwa zvemanagement Zvigadzirwa zvekugadzira.
- Kudzidza Izvo zvinokonzeresa zvinokonzeresa kubuda kwemuchato uye mhando isina kunaka yechigadzirwa chinogadzirwa. Kushandisirwa mashandiro ematanho ekuenderera mberi nekudzivirira.
- Kutonga Kugona kuzadzisa zvinodiwa zvekugadzira uye kurangwa kwebasa uye kurongeka kwekushandiswa kwemidziyo.
- Kufungisisa kwekuunzwa zvirevo zvevaridzi Kuti uvandudze tekinoroji iripo yekugadzirwa, ichigadzira nyanzvi yekuongorora pane kutadza kana kusakwana kwekuita kwavo.
Kuziva uye Unyanzvi
Iyo inokwanisa Injiniya Technologist inofanira kuzivikanwa zvakakwana:
- Zvimiro zvehunyanzvi hwekugadzira chigadzirwa chikuru chebhizinesi rekugadzira;
- Iyo chaiyo yekuumbwa kwezvinhu zvisina kugadzirwa zvinoshandiswa uye chigadzirwa chakapera, izvo zvigadzirwa zvezvigadzirwa;
- Nzira huru uye sarudzo dzekugadzira zviripo zvehunyanzvi uye tekinoroji maitiro;
- Mitemo, zvisarudzo, mirairo, pamwe nezvimwewo zvekuzvidzora uye nzira dzekudzora maererano nemaitiro ekugadzira;
- Kuvaka uye kuumbwa kwemidziyo, zvinodiwa pakugadzirisa kwayo, maitiro ekutanga ebasa ravo uye anobvumidzwa kushanda;
- standard technical uye tekinoroji basa;
- zviyero zvekutanga zvemhando yezvinhu zvakashandiswa zvisina mwero uye zvinhu zvakagadzirwa;
- yakatangwa, zviyero nezvisikwa;
- Zviratidzo zvehupfumi zve tekinoroji yekugadzira;
- Zviratidzo zvinobvumirwa nemuchato, nzira dzekunyevera uye nzira dzinobvisa;
- Nheyo dzesangano revashandi mukugadzirwa;
- nzira dzekutanga dzekushanda kwekutaurirana uye zvinhu zvekushandiswa kwaro muchikamu chekugadzira;
- Zvinodiwa zvinodiwa pakugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvehunyanzvi uye kutaurira magwaro;
- Iyo huru postulates yehupfumi uye ergonomics;
- Ruzivo rwe tk rf;
- Ripo riripo yeTB uye maindasitiri hutsanana, pamwe nemirairo yekudzivirira moto uye mumutemo mumunda wekudzivirira kwebasa;
- inotaura nezvekutaurirana kwebhizinesi nevanoshanda navo, vatinoshanda navo nevabati;
- Kuziva kwezvirongwa zvekombuta.
Injiniya-technologist mushandi anokwanisa kwazvo, anofanirwa kuve akanaka kuti anzwisise zviitiko zvinoitika zvekutenderera kwekugadzira.
Iyi ndiyo nyanzvi iyo ine mhosva yemhando yezvigadzirwa, kuenderera kwehunyanzvi hwekugadzira tekinoroji uye kumhanya kwavo.
Ndokusaka, kunze kwekuziva kwakadzama kwehunyanzvi, Mushandi uyu anofanira kuve neakanaka manejimendi hunyanzvi. Sezvo iri kubva kusangano rebasa rinoshanda rebasa rose rinosanganiswa zvakanyanya zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nekubudirira kwekugadzirwa kwese kwakawanda.
Chinzvimbo cheinjiniya-technologist chinosanganisira kwete chete seti yehunyanzvi-hunyanzvi hunyanzvi hunyanzvi nehunyanzvi, asi zvakare imwe runyorwa rwehunhu. Mukuzviisa pasi pemushandi uyu kune vangangoita vashandi gumi nevaviri, saka kugona kwake kuvaka kutaurirana uye zvinokwanisika kurasa zviwanikwa munzira dzakawanda munzira dzakawanda zvinoenderana nekubudirira kwekugadzirwa kwechigadzirwa.
Hunhu hwakakosha hwega hwemunhu mumiriri weiyo post yeinjiniya technologist inofungidzirwa kuti:
- kugona kwesangano;
- yakakwirira mwero wekuzvidzora;
- hanya nezvakawanda;
- Kukanganisa kana uchishanda nemano uye madhiri;
- zvirinani;
- kuzviratira;
- Kutsungirira, kutsungirira uye kuzvitsaurira;
- Kuongorora uye kusabvisa kufunga;
- Kumhanya kwakanyanya kushungurudza;
- chishuwo chekuvandudza kusingaperi kwehunyanzvi hwavo nezivo;
- kugona kubata nemusoro yakakura data.
- chiyero uye kuzvidzora;
- Kufambidzana;
- kushanda nesimba;
- kubata nguva.
Muzhinji, iyi runyorwa inogona kusiyana, zvakanyanya zvinoenderana neindasitiri yekambani iyo iyo Technologist ichashanda. Semutemo, maneja mumwe nemumwe anopa izvo zvinodiwa zvehunhu hwemushandi.
Dzidzo
Pasi peiyo pfungwa, tekinoroji yakavanzika nhamba yehuwandu, ivo vanovimba nekwavo rekugadzira uye technical tarisiro yekambani. Pasinei nemhando iripo yehurumende iyi, mune chero mamiriro ezvinhu, kuitira kuti atore chinzvimbo chemunhu mutambi technologist, iyo yepamusoro tekinoroji kana yechipiri dzidzo pane iyo technical mbiri inofanirwa kuwanikwa. Yepakati-yakakosha dzidzo inowanzo kuwanikwa pakupera kwemakwenzi 9 kuchikoro, akadzidza muchikoro / chehunyanzvi hwechikoro chemakore matatu. Kuti vave varidzi ve "shongwe", makirasi gumi nemashanu anofanirwa kuzadzikiswa, uye makore mana akadzidza pane undergraduate uye kwemamwe makore maviri ari mumagariro.
Iyo yekupfuura mamaki munzvimbo yakatarwa inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekutsvaga chidzitiro institution, pamwe neyakafungidzira. Kudzidziswa kungave kwakasununguka kana kuitwa pane zvekutengesa, mutengo muRussia zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu. Mugore. Yekubvuma iwe unofanirwa kupfuudza zvinhu zvakadaro se Masvomhu, fizikisi uye informatics.
Kufarira kunopihwa kuvapedza kudzidza kwezuva rekudzidza zvirongwa, dzidzo yekusabvumidzwa inobvumirwa chete kana paine ruzivo rwakanyanya mune yakasarudzwa nyanzvi.
Munyika medu kune anenge mayunivhesiti ane zana nemakumi maviri uye anopfuura mazana maviri ezvekudzidzisa anobvumidza vanopedza kudzidza kwesangano rekudzidzisa kuti vashandise chinzvimbo cheinjiniya-technoder.
Avhareji muhoro
Chikamu chekubhadhara cheinjiniya-technologist zvakanyanya zvinoenderana neiyo bhizinesi, iyo inoshanda, pamwe nenharaunda. Kana isu tikatora generalized zviratidzo pahwaro hwe data rakatumirwa nekutsinhana kwevashandi, paavhareji, neRussian Federation, kubhadhara kweinjiniya-technologist ndeye:
- Mari shoma - zviuru makumi maviri nezvishanu zvendarira;
- avhareji yekubhadhara kwebasa - zviuru makumi mashanu zvendhinji;
- Chikamu chikuru chekubhadhara chinosvika 450-550 zviuru zvine zviuru zvembabvu.
Ichi chiratidzo chiri pakati, zvinogona kusiyana zvichienderana nechimiro chechinzvimbo.
Saka, avhareji yemubhadharo zviratidzo zvezvinzvimbo:
- Main Technologist - Unhu zviuru zvitanhatu namazana matanhatu-makumi manomwe.
- Tungamira Injiniya Technologist kana musoro weDhipatimendi rehunyanzvi uye Techinoroji zvinowana munenge 55-60 rubles;
- Oblas Injiniya Anowana zviuru makumi mana.
Kana tikataura nezvemari yepakati pamatunhu eRussia Federation, iwo mufananidzo une muhoro wepakati unotaridzika seichi:
- Moscow - zviuru makumi mashanu nezvituno;
- Vladivostok - 60 zviuru zvbras;
- Ekaterinburg - 48-50 zviuru zvinobazwa;
- Rosostiv-on-don - zviuru makumi mana, zviuru makumi mana;
- Kazan - zviuru zvina makumi mana.
Kushanda kupi?
Rondedzero yenzvimbo dzekugadzira dzinoda kuvapo kwekumanikidza muinjiniya engineer-technologist ndeye zvinofadza. Zvichienderana neyakasarudzika sangano rekugadzirira, mushandi ane mvumo inodiwa uye hunyanzvi hunogona kuita maindasitiri anotevera.
- Chikafu - Confectionery uye bakery indasitiri, kugadzirwa kweDairy uye lactic acid zvigadzirwa, nyama yekugadzirisa mabhizinesi, inogadzirisa system.
- Chiedza - Fur, kusona, pamwe nekugadzira machira.
- Makemikari - mashopu ekugadzirwa kwemishonga, cosmetics, pamwe nekuvaka, kongiri, nezvimwe.
- Mechancal engineering uye kuridzwa kugadzira - Mashopu eElectrolates, mapurazi locomotive, kugadzirwa kwemidziyo yehutachiona, simba rinosanganisira, mafuta uye gasi uye zvidyarwa uye mafekitori uye mafekitori ekugadzirisa zvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi.
- Metallurgy uye simbi yekushanda -Kugadzirwa kwesimbi uye alloys, kupisa kwekurapa kwe ore, mafekitori egasi-gasi, mumigodhi uye kugadzirisa makambani.
- Refinery Refing - Kugadzirwa kwekurwiswa uye kugadzirwa kwemafuta, kugadzirwa kwemafuta uye zvekugadzira mafuta, kugadzirwa kwezvigadzirwa zve petrochemical, mabhizinesi ekugoverwa kwemafuta negesi hove.
- Ruzivo rwehunyanzvi.
- Kudhinda indasitiri.
Basa
Munhu ane chimiro chepamusoro chehunyanzvi anowanzo kugadzwa kune chinzvimbo cheinjiniya-technologist kana munhu akakosha anokosha, ane ruzivo rwechisimba paTechnique yeTekinoroji-Technologist ane makore matatu. Saka, munhu asina ruzivo rwebasa anogona kukodzera kukura kwebasa reiyo inotevera chirongwa.
- Nyanzvi yeIII chikamu - Mushandi ane dzidzo yepamusoro yehunyanzvi, pamwe neichi chiitiko chidiki chakawanikwa panguva yekudzidziswa, kana kuve neruzivo munzvimbo dzeinjiniya pasina chero kukodzera.
- Nyanzvi II chikamu - Mushandi ane dzidzo yepamusoro, uye mukuwedzera, ruzivo mune chinzvimbo cheinjiniya-technologist iii chikamu kana chando chehunyanzvi zvinyorwa zvemakore matatu.
- Nyanzvi i chikamu - Injiniya ine yakakwira profily dzidzo, pamwe nezvakaitika zveinjiniya-techineri yeinjiniya II yeboka rinokwana kuita matatu.
