Kurekura ibicuruzwa ni agace gashimishije cyane ibikorwa byabantu. Ariko ntabwo ari ngombwa guhangana na manipuipiferi yihariye. Urashobora guteza uburyo abandi bazakora kandi babigenzure. Niba bishimishije neza icyerekezo cyibikorwa, igihe kirageze cyo kwiga ibintu byose bijyanye numwuga Inganda z'ibiryo.
Amafaranga yihariye
Tangira ibisobanuro byumwuga wibikorwa byibiryo byikoranabuhanga biragereranya nukuri ko Ntibishoboka gushiraho umwanya nyawo wo kugaragara. Ku ruhande rumwe, hariho abantu bashinzwe kwiryoha ibiryo by'abami batandukanye, ugereranije n'abantu bo mu rwego rwo hejuru ndetse n'abandi bakuze mu gihe cya kera. Hariho kandi abatetsi bakomeye bagenzuraga umurimo wabandi mu gikoni. Ku rundi ruhande, iyi mirimo yose yakorewe kuri gahunda kandi idahwitse, kandi icy'ingenzi - ntiyigeze agira ingaruka ku bantu 99%.
Amateka yukuri yikoranabuhanga yibirindiro arashobora kubarwa gusa mugihe umusaruro wibicuruzwa washyizwe kumurongo.
Inshingano zinzobere nkiyi ni ndende cyane. Agomba gukora muburyo bukomeye. Ndetse no gutandukana kworoheje kuva muri tekinoroji yashyizweho buri gihe ikomera ubwiza bwibicuruzwa byarangiye kandi bishobora kuganisha kuri proison na gato. Ubushakashatsi bwibarurishamibare bwabonye ko hafi 30% byabahanga mu biryo bafite ibibazo. Abahanga bamenya ko abanyamwuga bagomba:
- Kora neza kandi neza;
- Kohereza imihangayiko;
- gira kwibuka cyane;
- kora neza kandi ukonje mubihe bigoye, mubihe byigihe;
- Gusesengura vuba amakuru yinjira yubwoko butandukanye.
Techlogiste yinganda zibiri zidashobora kuba irwaye allergie y'ubwoko bwose. Ntibifuzwa kandi Hormonal na Hyersous gutandukana . Birakenewe gukora kubishushanyo mbonera. Ntabwo buri gihe byoroshye kubona akazi mumujyi muto aho inganda zibiribwa zateye imbere.
Inganda za MINUS Ni akaga kandi kubona ibibazo na sisitemu ya musculoskeletal, hamwe ningingo zubuhumekero, allergie, ariko ibyago nkibi ni bito.
Ikoranabuhanga ry'ibiryo rishobora gukora ukwabo no mu itsinda ry'inzobere . Igice kinini cyimirimo irengana mucyumba. Bakeneye kwihangana no imbaraga z'umubiri. Mubihe byinshi, birasabwa.
Imikurire yumwuga ntishobora gusamwa gusa mukuzamura imiterere gusa, ahubwo no mugutezimbere uburyo bushya nubuhanga bwimirimo, ubusobanuro bwinyongera.
Inshingano
Ibisobanuro bisanzwe byerekana tekinoroji nyamukuru yinganda zibiri zigaragaza ko Uru ni inzobere mu kuyobora. Mubisanzwe agengwa numuyobozi utabigenewe ushikamye cyangwa umutwe wishami, ikindi gice cyubaka. Inshingano nyamukuru zuyu mukozi ni:
- Kugumana umutekano, gushyira mu gaciro no mu bukungu mu mazi y'ibiryo;
- Kurandura abantu bose batandukanijwe nibitera bitera iyo dutandukanije;
- kugabanya gukoresha ibikoresho fatizo, ingufu nigihe cyakazi kuri buri gice cyo kurangiza;
- Guhuza ibicuruzwa biri mubyo abaguzi bakeneye ubu;
- Kumenya ikoranabuhanga rishya, kandi nibiba ngombwa, ibyaremwe byabo kuva kera;
- Gusuzuma ireme ryakazi rifite mu buryo butaziguye mu bicuruzwa;
- Gutezimbere ibyangombwa bikenewe byikoranabuhanga no gusuzuma gutungana kwayo;
- uruhare mu kwemeza akazi n'imibereho kuri bo;
- Guhuza impinduka zose mugikorwa cyakazi.
Ni tekinoroji yinganda zibiribwa, mbere ya byose:
- Korana n'ibipimo;
- Gushushanya ibikoresho bya gahunda;
- Gutekereza ibikoresho bya tekiniki by'imirimo;
- kubara ibikoresho n'ibikoresho;
- gukora gahunda zizamura neza ibicuruzwa;
- Gutezimbere Ibisubizo bishya no kubikwemezwa;
- Gutegura ibyifuzo byo kwagura intera no gukoresha ubwoko bushya bwibikoresho fatizo;
- Kugenzura imikorere kubintu biranga ibikoresho fatizo, ibice byarangiye nibicuruzwa byarangiye;
- Nshakisha ishyingiranwa kandi ndabakuraho;
- Gusuzuma ibyifuzo byose byo gushyira mu gaciro kubakozi bayobowe.
Ariko urutonde rwimirimo, rukora tekinoroji yinganda zibiribwa, ntirarangira. Ndetse no hano harimo:
- Gutezimbere no gushyira mubikorwa ibikoresho byo gufata;
- kugena uburyo bwiza bwo kubyaza umusaruro;
- Gushiraho gahunda y'akazi;
- Gutekereza inzira zijyanye no gutunganya ibikoresho fatizo nibicuruzwa byarangiye;
- Gushushanya amakarita y'ikoranabuhanga;
- Kugena amahame ku giti cye cyo gukoresha igihe kandi umubare wibicuruzwa utunganijwe;
- Kubara ibiciro byabigenewe;
- gusuzuma imikorere yubukungu bwa buri mukozi ku giti cye, imikorere, umurongo utanga umusaruro;
- guhuza ibyangombwa hamwe nibice byubaka;
- Gukora ubushakashatsi mu rwego rw'ikoranabuhanga;
- Kwiga uburambe bwambere muyindi miryango, harimo mumahanga;
- gusuzuma kwamamaza ibicuruzwa;
- Gutezimbere uburyo bwo kugenzura no kugerageza ibicuruzwa, ibikoresho fatizo nibicuruzwa byarangiye.
Ubwoko butandukanye nubwoko bwibiryo bugena resept. Birakenewe kandi kuzirikana uruhare runini rwintambara irushanwa, idutera kunoza inzira yikoranabuhanga.
Umuyoboro wikoranabuhanga ukurikirana urunigi rutangira gutangira, kugenzura inzira yo kwemerwa no gupakira, kohereza. Niyihangana ninshingano zo gutegura ibicuruzwa byihariye kugirango byemerwe.
Biramenyerewe gutanga tekinoroji:
- inyama n'inganda z'amata;
- Ibicuruzwa no gukora pasta;
- fermentation na divayi;
- umusaruro;
- ibiryo by'abana.
Ubumenyi nubuhanga
Uruziga rwubumenyi nubuhanga bwikoranabuhanga bwiza bwinganda zibiribwa ni nini cyane. Iyi nzobere igomba kumenya neza uburyo bwo gukoresha neza ibikoresho byihariye. Akeneye kwitegura kwitwara neza kubibazo byose bivuka kandi ashoboye kubikuraho (bwigenga cyangwa mu bwigenge cyangwa muri bundle nabandi bantu). Tugomba kumva uburyo bwo gukora akazi gakora neza no kudakora iterabwoba iryo ari ryo ryose. Nibyiza guhagararira ikigo cyose, uruziga rwikoranabuhanga ryose muburyo bwayo, ndetse no gusesengura ibishobora kubaho kubicuruzwa nyuma yo kurekurwa.
Imiterere idahwitse yo gukora bisanzwe mubikorwa byikoranabuhanga ryibiribwa ni ugusobanukirwa byimazeyo inzira yumusaruro na resept. Nta buntu buke inzobere ishobora kwirengagiza.
Ugomba kwiga nkuko bikwiye kandi Ibipimo byashyizweho kurwego rwa leta. Ubuhanga butaziguye nabwo bukwiye Ubuhanga Ibipimo bishya nikoranabuhanga, Uburyo bwakazi.
Usibye kuri ibi bihe, ugomba kumenya:
- urutonde n'imiterere;
- Umuganga-imiti na biologiya nibinyabuzima byarangiye, ibice byarangiye nibikoresho fatizo;
- urutonde rwibikoresho byakoreshejwe;
- Amategeko yo gutegura inyandiko zakazi na tekiniki;
- Ibitekerezo by'ibanze mu bijyanye na fiziki, chimie, biologiya, isuku ikenewe ku kazi.
Uburezi
Urashobora kwigira kumwihariko w'inganda z'ibiryo haba muri kaminuza ndetse no mu bigo byisumbuye. Guhugura inzobere nk'abo ziyobora Kaminuza ya tekiniki vowograd ; Bizashoboka kwiga byinshi Muri kaminuza ya Leta ya Sevastopol.
Usibye izo nzego zuburezi, birakwiriye rwose kwinjira muri ibi bikurikira:
- Suurgu;
- Itmo;
- Rudn;
- Kaminuza ya Aglaan w'Uburusiya yitiriwe Tihiryantuv;
- Ishuri rya Moscou yubuvuzi bwamatungo na biotechnology.
Hanze y'umurwa mukuru w'abanyamwuga:
- Kuban Agranian wa kaminuza ya Trubilina;
- Omgtu;
- Kaminuza ya Saratov yitiriwe Vavilov;
- Kaminuza ya Polytechnic ya St. Petersburg;
- Kaminuza ya Khalmykov ya Khalmykov;
- Kaminuza ya peteroli ya UFA;
- Kaminuza ya St. Petersburg;
- Ubuze bwa kaminuza y'Uburasirazuba;
- SQFC;
- Kaminuza ya Kazan.
Niba amashuri makuru adakwiye, urashobora kwitondera amahitamo akurikira:
- Kaminuza Poltechnic College kuri kaminuza ya St. Petersburg yitiriwe Petero I;
- Ikigo cyigisha cyitiriwe Talalichina (Moscow);
- College ya kaminuza ya St. Petersburg Agraning;
- Ikoranabuhanga ry'ikoranabuhanga ry'ibitabo bya Kazan;
- Ishami ry'igitabo cyo kwigisha mu burezi bw'imyuga;
- Ishuri Rikuru rya Agribusiness Omgaau;
- Ishuri Rikuru ry'imari n'Ikoranabuhanga rya kaminuza ya Saratov ryitiriwe Vavilov;
- Ishuri rya tekinike ryinyama ninganda zamata (OMSK);
- Ishuri Rikuru ry'inganda (UFA);
- Ishuri rya tekiniki rya Agro-inganda (Perm);
- Ikoranabuhanga ryikoranabuhanga rya Krasnoyarsk.
Ni ngombwa mu rubanza urwo arirwo rwose kugirango umenye ibizamini bigomba gutangwa mubikoresho byibiryo. Nyuma yicyiciro cya 9, usibye ibizamini 2 biteganijwe, Gia bigomba gutangwa ikizamini cya 2 cyo gutoranya. Kwakira bikorwa hakurikijwe ibisubizo byamarushanwa yintambara, kandi umubare munini wingingo zifite agaciro. Nyuma yicyiciro cya 11, urashobora kwiyandikisha mubigo byisumbuye. Ibizamini byo kwinjira bigenwa na gahunda yo guhugura byihariye. Irashobora guhinduka muri saison, kubwibyo ni ngombwa gushakisha amakuru yingenzi kurubuga rwa kaminuza.
Muri kaminuza n'amashuri ya tekiniki mubisanzwe utegure ububiko bwubuhanga Ukurikije umwihariko "ibicuruzwa bikarishye" cyangwa "tekinoroji yumugati, ibihuze na pasta". Abanyeshuri hiyongereyeho umwihariko nabyo bahabwa ubumenyi bwigihe gito, abateka cyangwa bartender. Mubisanzwe bamenyera ikoranabuhanga ryo gukorana n'ifu, hamwe n'imbeba ikonje kandi bishyushye, hamwe n'ibikomoka kuri kimwe cya kabiri.
Nyuma yishuri cyangwa ishuri rya tekiniki, urashobora kwiyandikisha mu kigo cyihariye. Hano hari gahunda zihuta zo gutegura abahasiganwa nikoranabuhanga.
Icyitonderwa gikwiye Kaminuza ya Moscou . Ifite ubuhanga 3 bujyanye. Muburyo bwo gutegura kaminuza, amasosiyete manini yinganda zitunganya inyama nizindi nganda zibiribwa zirafasha. Amahugurwa yihariye na Master Master ashimishwa no kwitabira abayobozi b'isoko ry'imikorere ku isi. Ibi biragufasha kwagura cyane amahirwe y'akazi.
Igitekerezo cyiza kizaba cyakiriwe kandi muri Kaminuza ya Moscou no gucunga. Hano abanyamwuga bategurwa muruziga rwikoranabuhanga ryibiribwa. Ubuyobozi bwa kaminuza burahora bwitabwaho nubushakashatsi nubushakashatsi no kwagura ibikorwa bya patenti.
Hatanzwe ibitekerezo Kwimenyereza mu miryango iyoboye . Birakwiye ko tubisuzuma Ishuri Rikuru rya 33 . Hariho ikoranabuhanga ryo gukora umutsima, ibihuriza hamwe. Hariho kandi umwihariko wa tekinoroji yubuhanga. Mugutegura integanyanyigisho, kwitabwaho cyane byishyurwa module yabigize umwuga, igena ibintu byose byakazi. Imbaraga zingenzi zifatanije nimitunganyirize yamahugurwa yumusaruro. Ishuri Rikuru rya Koleji hamwe n'ibigo byambere by'inganda, abahawe impamyabumenyi bamaze kuba barashoboye kuba abakora umusaruro n'ibiryo bihuza.
Ikora he?
Nyuma yo kurangiza muri kaminuza, ishuri cyangwa ishuri rya tellege cyangwa ishuri rya tekiniki, abantu badafite uburambe batangira akazi hamwe nimyanya Ihangane ry'abato, ba shebuja, abagenzuzi bafite ubuziranenge. Akenshi uhitamo aho umusaruro ukora. Nyuma yigihe, inzobere nkiyi izashobora gufata umwanya wumwanya wa tekinoroji ya tekinoroji, hanyuma tekinoroji nyamukuru yingingo. Niba utsinze, bizaza kubishyiraho UMUTI W'UMUSARE CYANGWA UMUVUGIZI W'INGENZI.
Abahanga bamenya ko akenshi ikoranabuhanga ryinganda zibiriga rishakisha imyanya iri muyabazwe ninyama, amata, mubyakozwe imigati.
Mu mijyi minini, urwego rw'umushahara rufite amafaranga ibihumbi 35 kugeza kuri 50. Imirimo nk'iyi irashobora kwigarurira abantu:
- gukora mumyaka 1-3 cyangwa irenga;
- inzira yubumenyi bwikoranabuhanga;
- ba nyir'ubushakashatsi bw'ubushakashatsi bwa laboratoire;
- gushobora gutegura ibikoresho bya raporo byicyitegererezo cyashyizweho.
Tekinoroji zirakora Mu bigo by'ibipimo bitandukanye hamwe nuburyo bwose bwo gutunga. Birashobora:
- uruganda rw'ifu;
- Gutunganya inyama;
- Isukari;
- amazi y'amata;
- Imyenda y'umugati;
- inganda zihuje;
- imigati nini;
- gutunganya amafi;
- Restaurants nini, cafes no mubyumba byo kuriramo.
