Ni ukuri, benshi iyo bakorana na banki bahuye n'abakusanya. Rimwe na rimwe abahagarariye uyu mwuga bafite ubwoba, mu rindi nzira. Kandi itandukaniro nkiryo rijyanye ninzobere rifitanye isano nubujiji bwumwuga we umwuga we. Umuryango umenyereye ko abakusanya ari abantu bakuramo imyenda y'abantu bakoresheje ingamba zitandukanye.
Ibi byakorwaga muri 90, ariko muri societe ya none, abahagarariye uyu mwuga bategekwa kubahiriza amategeko yemewe. Kandi ibi biragoye cyane, kandi abantu bose ntibashobora guhangana n'inshingano bashinzwe.
Inshingano zemewe
Igikorwa c'umusasu kivuga ko gihoraho n'abantu mu rwego rwo kubahiriza amategeko. Abahagarariye uyu mwuga akenshi bakora mu nzego za bagenzi. Amashyirahamwe nkaya afite amafaranga yijanisha ryimyenda. Inshingano za bashinzwe abashinzwe umutekano zirimo kurenganura umwenda ku gihe kubakiriya, kugirango ibirarane bitazakura mu gihe cya geometrike. Niba amafaranga yo kugaruka yarenze imipaka yemewe ya mugenzi we asaba ibigo bishinzwe kubahiriza amategeko, nyuma yabadanyamaganyi bahujwe no kugarura amadeni.
Uyu munsi, abakusanya bagengwa nibikorwa byo kugenzura hamwe nububiko bwemewe n'amategeko. Kurugero, mu Burusiya, inzobere mu kugaruka kw'umwenda w'umukiriya ni ngombwa gukurikiza Itegeko Nshinga no gutangaza uburenganzira bwa muntu.
Muri 90, abakusanya binjiye mu mazu, bafite imyenda iteye ubwoba, bakurikize ibikomere. Uyu munsi, uyu mwuga uri umuyobozi, bityo rero urutonde ruteganijwe rwinshingano zemewe:
- Kubona umukiriya no gushyiraho ibiganiro hamwe na guhamagara cyangwa ubutumwa;
- Kunonosora imikorere y'umunyamwe;
- Gusobanura impamvu bigira ingaruka kubyabaye;
- Shakisha igisubizo cyikibazo ukurikije imishyikirano yubucuruzi;
- Gukurikiranya gusubizwa kwishyura umwenda wabakiriya;
- Iyo wirengagije guhamagara, mugenzi wawe agomba kujya kuri aderesi yumwenda;
- gukora ibyangombwa byumwuga;
- Inkunga y'abakiriya kugeza igihe yishyuye byuzuye umwenda wacyo.
Niba umukiriya atavuganye, mugenzi we afite uburenganzira bwo kwiyambaza abantu bizemejwe mu masezerano, umukoresha ndetse n'abavandimwe b'umwenda.
Ubwiza bw'umwuga
Abakusanya ntabwo ari umwuga, ahubwo ni umuhamagaro. Ni ngombwa kumenya kuvugana numukiriya, fata urufunguzo kuri we, ushobore kwinjira mumwanya we ukagerageza kubona inzira zo gukemura inzira yo gukemura ibirarane. Ibi byahuguwe mumasomo yihariye ya psychologiya na pedagogy. Abakusanya neza babigize umwuga - Ubudahemuka . Inzobere igomba kumva ko umukiriya, yakira amafaranga muri banki, ako kanya muri leta ihangayitse. Yumva ko amafaranga afata agomba kugaruka afite ibihe bidasanzwe, kandi ntakibazo gishobora gutinda. Kandi niba bitunguranye umufasha agomba guhamagara umukiriya, agomba kwerekana ubudahemuka no kwirinda. Rero, birashoboka gukora ibiganiro byubaka.
Akusanya nayo ategekwa kumenya amategeko kandi nibiba ngombwa, kikayoborwe mubikorwa byubucamanza. Ubu buryo bworoshye buzagaragazwa umukiriya ko umuhanga mu kugarura imyenda ari umwuga ushoboye kandi uzakora ibishoboka byose ngo akore imitwaro miremire. Abakusanya bagomba kuba imico irwanya guhangayika yiteguye kubibazo byose. Abakiriya imyenda ntibashobora kuba mu mwuka cyangwa mu ihame bafite imico igoye. Imishyikirano rero irashobora kujya kumpera. Hariho imanza mugihe umukiriya yitwaye adahagije, mubihe nkibi, agomba kuba ashobora kwihagararaho, ahubwo agomba kwihagararaho, ahubwo agomba kwihagararaho, ahubwo yitwaye neza, ahubwo agomba kwihagararaho, ahubwo yitwaye neza, ariko wenyine mu mategeko n'imyitwarire y'itumanaho.
Abakusanya ni ngombwa kugira ngo bashobore gukora kuri mudasobwa. Urufatiro rwose rwibitawe rugizwe nuburyo bwa elegitoroniki, aho abakusanya bagomba gukora ibyahinduwe namakuru babonye mugihe cyibiganiro. Byongeye kandi, abakusanya bagomba kugira imico nkuko yakusanyijwe, inshingano n'imyitwarire ikomeye yo gukora. Ibi biranga bigufasha gutunganya neza umukozi, ndetse no kuba mu wundi mujyi.
Byaba byiza, abakusanira bafite amashuri makuru, nkumukungugu cyangwa umunyamabanki. Ubuhanga bwibanze bwiyi myuga buzafasha abakusanya gukora neza kandi bagashaka intsinzi.
Ninde uzamuka?
Ntabwo abantu bose bazashobora gukorera mugenzi we. Kenshi na kenshi, uyu mwanya wubatswe na psychologue, abahoze ari abashinzwe kubahiriza amategeko n'abavoka. Ibisabwa byihariye bijyanye nabakoresha impamyabumenyi ntibakumira, ariko bisaba amashuri makuru. Abakusanya ni umwuga wihariye usaba umuntu kwihangana no kwifuza kugera kuntego. Inzobere mu gukusanya imyenda igomba kugira amasano muri sosiyete ya terefone, ikanyura mu bucuti n'abahesha b'inkiko n'abakozi ba serivisi z'imisoro.
Ariko, kubera ibigo binini bya mugenzi wawe, gukundana nkibi ntibikenewe. Inzego nk'izo zifatanya hafi ku buryo buhoraho hamwe n'inzego za Leta. Kandi byaba byiza dushyigikiye umubano winshuti nabahagarariye ibigo bitandukanye bya leta. Igihe icyo ari cyo cyose bazashobora gutanga inama kubibazo byose byumwuga. Umwuga utwara abakusanya urakwiriye abantu murwego rwo hejuru rwo kurwanya ibibazo no kwibuka neza. Abantu bakusanya imyenda, burimunsi bakorera abantu babarirwa mu magana. Kubwibyo, iyo bakorana nabakiriya, bagomba gufata mu mutwe amakuru yinjira, nyuma bagira uruhare muri raporo.
Abantu boroheje kandi bumva babona umwanya wa mugenzi wawe ntazabigeraho Ndi. Benshi bakurura umushahara mwiza hamwe nibisabwa byibuze byabakoresha, ariko bikomeye, byiringiro, byizeye kandi byizeye kandi byizeye kandi byizeye kandi byizeye kandi byizeye kandi bizashobora gufata umwanya mubigo byubusakuza.
Nigute?
Abakusanyije ni umwuga usanzwe, ariko abakusanya bazakuza ntibigishijwe muri kaminuza, ibigo n'izindi nzego zose z'uburezi. Akenshi, ibigo bishinzwe gukusanya bahitamo abanyamategeko, abahanga mu bukungu, abahoze ari abashinzwe kubahiriza amategeko na psychologue hamwe n'amashuri makuru. Bifata abakozi babo, bayobora amahugurwa yabo mu masomo adasanzwe hamwe na nyuma yo kunyura mu matsinda n'abakiriya. Ubu ni bwo buryo bwiza cyane bwo kwakira mugenzi wawe.
Gusobanukirwa Mu isoko ry'abakozi, ihumure ry'umwuga rifite icyifuzo gikomeye, muri Moscou cyashyizeho ishuri ryihariye "guhugura icyegeranyo cy'imyenda". Muri iki kigo, hari amasomo yateguwe nabahesha b'inkiko zujuje ibyangombwa, aho ushobora kwiga ubumenyi bukenewe kugirango utangire akazi. Iyo imyitozo, abanyeshuri bahabwa ibyemezo bikwemerera kwinjira mubigo byihariye cyangwa banki.
Ariko, Ndetse no kugira inyandiko iyo ari yo yose yemeza ko amasomo yihariye, ntabwo buri gihe bishoboka kubona akazi kuva bwa mbere. Kandi byimazeyo kubona umwanya wa mugenzi wawe, ugomba gukoresha icyarimwe muburyo butandukanye. Iya mbere yerekana ubujurire mu kigo gishinzwe umurimo. Inzira ya kabiri ni ugushaka akazi ukoresheje imbuga nkoranyambaga. Inzira ya gatatu - Kurambagiza kugiti cyawe. Ariko, inzira yanyuma ikora gake cyane.
Aho gukora?
Umwanya wa mugenzi wawe urasabwa mu bigo bya bagenzi, ndetse no mu mabanki n'amashyirahamwe y'imari iciriritse. Gusa mu bakusanya babiri baherutse kwitwa abashinzwe umutekano. Niba kandi badashobora kugera ku mukiriya kugira ngo basohoze inshingano ze, Banki ihatira umwenda mu kigo cy'abakusanya. Kenshi na kenshi, aya mafaranga afite byibuze zeru eshanu, kunyuranya, uko umwenda, inyungu nini yikigo.
Kugeza ubu, hazwi ko abakundwa bagabanijwemo ibyiciro 2, umukara n'umweru. Akazi keza gusa mumategeko, umukara Koresha uburyo butandukanye bwo gukomanga imyenda. Icyakora, ibigo bishinzwe kubahiriza amategeko ahora barwaniye muri bo, bakize imyenda yakijije inshuro nyinshi ingaruka zitemewe z'abakusanya. Naho umushahara, mu mabanki, abahagarariye uyu mwuga bahabwa umushahara uhamye utaranditswe nyuma y'ijambo ryo kwishyura. Ingano yumushahara iratandukanye murwego rwibihumbi 20-40. Abakusanya mumashyirahamwe ya microfinance no mubigo byamakuru nabo bafite umushahara uhamye, ariko icyarimwe bakira ijanisha runaka ryibiciro.
Ku bijyanye n'imikurire y'umwuga, abakusanya ntibashobora kwemererwa kwigarurira prortics yo mu mwuga. Ntarengwa, ibyo bashobora kubigeraho, byarakoze neza ahantu hamwe imyaka itari mike, ni umuyobozi w'ishami rishinzwe umutekano w'umutekano.
Ariko, nukubona uburambe no kwiga amatungo ya mugenzi wawe, urashobora gufungura ikigo cyawe.
