Nubwo bavuze ibyakozwe na byinshi bya multimediya, digitalisation, nibindi, ubushobozi bwo kwibuka bwabantu buracyafite akamaro. Kandi ntabwo ari umwuga gusa, ahubwo no muri gahunda rusange yumuco, ndetse no mubuzima bwa buri munsi. Abantu bose bafite akamaro ko kumenya kwibuka ibyanditswe byuzuye.
Tekinike
Hariho uburyo bwinshi bugufasha kwibuka ibyanditswe vuba kandi neza. Birakwiye ko kubigira muburyo burambuye.Gukurikira
Ubu buhanga bugufasha kwibuka inyandiko nubwo yibuka nabi. Yabonye izina rya lisansi (ntabwo yubaha udukoko, ariko, ariko kumazina magufi yicyiciro cyingenzi).
- O (ibitekerezo shingiro);
- Muri (Soma witonze);
- O (subiramo);
- D (kuzana gutungana).
Ku cyiciro cya mbere, inyandiko iri kuvuga neza. Ntabwo ari ngombwa kuyanamo - ukeneye gusa gufata amajwi nyamukuru nuburyo bifitanye isano. Urashobora kwandika cyangwa gushimangira ibi bitekerezo shingiro. Kandi hano Himbaza inyandiko, wisubize wenyine, icyo atagomba. Iyo bigerwaho, urashobora kujya ku ntambwe ikurikira.
Noneho inyandiko yongeye gusomwa, ariko isanzwe ishishikaye, yibanda kubintu bya kabiri. Ntabwo ari ngombwa kwihutisha - birakenewe kubunga neza bishoboka kandi mbere namenye ibitekerezo byingenzi. Icyifuzo: Nini kuriyi ngingo ko tekinike yihariye igomba gukoreshwa. Igihe cyo gusuzuma nikigera, inyandiko irashakisha muri make, ntabwo ihujwe nibisobanuro, hanyuma ubikore kuva imperuka.
Nibyiza kumenya neza ko isano yitanze hagati yicyorezo cyingenzi kandi cya kabiri nibyo. Bibaye ngombwa, barakosowe. Nibyiza kugereranya amakuru yabonetse hamwe nuwamaze kumenyekana kare. Igitekerezo cyiza kizaba imyiteguro ya gahunda yintangarugero. Kubikoresho binini, urashobora gukoresha gride.
Intambwe yanyuma - Gusubiramo - itangirana no gusubiramo inyandiko. Nibyiza gutangirwa mubintu byingenzi kandi gusa kuri buri kintu kwibuka amakuru yose yinyongera. Ubutaha bwongeye gusoma inyandiko, wibanda kubyabuze. Icy'ingenzi: Ntabwo ifite agaciro gukosora ikosa gusa, ahubwo ifite no gutsemba mu mpamvu zemewe. Birakenewe kandi kwihatira kwiga ibikoresho hamwe nikirenga, kandi ntabwo ari ibihe bikenewe gusa.
Rimwe na rimwe, dukoresha ingingo, itandukanye gato nuburyo buremereye. Icyiciro cya mbere - Icyerekezo cyanditswe, cyemerera kwerekana igitekerezo nyamukuru. Mu cyiciro cya kabiri, ibikoresho byongeye gusomwa (kandi kimwe bishoboka). Noneho bakora isubiramo kugirango basobanukirwe cyane ibirimo, menya nyamukuru kandi ntabwo ari ngombwa cyane, yongeye kuvugurura inyandiko hamwe no kugabana ibitekerezo nyamukuru.
Umutwe n'ikirahure uko ari byo byose birenzeho gusubiramo byoroshye inyandiko.
Ikarita y'ubwenge
Ubu kandi ni ubufasha bwingenzi mugihe ufata mu mutwe inyandiko. Mu ikubitiro, ikarita yubwenge yatangiye gukoresha uburyo bufasha mumahugurwa atandukanye. Ariko bidatinze wavumbuye ko bishoboka bikabije bikabije. Ubu buryo bwo gufata mu mutwe bufite andi mazina (urugero, ikarita yo mumutwe, ikarita yibitekerezo, ikarita yamashyirahamwe, igishushanyo cyumvikana). Ingingo ntabwo ihinduka.
Iyo ushushanya ikarita yerekana:
- Uruhare rwagati (cyangwa ingingo nyamukuru, cyangwa intego yinkuru);
- Ingingo z'ingenzi;
- imiterere n'imitwe (niba bihari);
- ibisobanuro by'ingingo zingenzi;
- Ijambo ryibanze, ibimenyetso namashusho, bikakwemerera kwiyumvisha aya makuru.
Ibyiza byabanditsi b'ubwenge bavuga byibuze ibyo bakoreshwa mumashuri abanza ba finilande. Nta gushidikanya ko byagaragaye ko Ubu buryo bufite akamaro kuruta inyandiko za kera no kuranga imirima. Byose bikorwa byoroshye kandi byoroshye: Urutonde rwambere kurutonde rwibanze, hanyuma ubishyire muburyo bwumvikana. Icy'ingenzi: Ibi akenshi byoroshya gusa no guhugura amakuru, ariko kandi bigira uruhare mugutezimbere ibitekerezo byigenga . Ubu buhanga bukoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byinama zubucuruzi mubihugu bitandukanye.
Ikarita yo mumutwe nayo irasaba gusaba:
- Mugihe ukemura ibibazo bigoye kandi bidasobanutse;
- Kubyutsa ubushobozi bwo guhanga;
- Muburyo bwo kwandika ibitabo, ingingo, ibintu;
- Mugihe ukora blog cyangwa urubuga.
Kwibutsa
Ubu buryo nabwo ntibukwiye kugabanuka. Ariko agomba kuba abafasha. Mugihe runaka cyo gufata amajwi muri CARSPAD cyangwa stickers hamwe ninteruro ngufi zigwa mumaso izafasha. Ariko, ubu ni ubwoko bwa "inkoni yo kwibuka." Kandi, nkinkoni nyako, birakenewe kwanga buhoro buhoro, mugihe hari iterambere risobanutse, kimwe - hamwe ninyandiko, kumisumari nibindi.
Imyumbati
Mu rurimi kavukire
Biragoye kuvuga niba wige uburyo bwo gufata mu mutwe ibyanditswe byijwi ryururimi rwawe kavukire cyangwa ntabwo. Ihindukirira imbaga nyayo yibintu bitandukanye, kandi buriwese arashobora gufasha gufasha. Ariko muburyo bumwe, ururimi rusanzwe biroroshye: Iragufasha gukoresha amashusho yo kwibukwa, kandi ntubisubiremo gusa. Inyandiko igoye cyane ibuka byoroshye, ukoresheje ubwo buryo nka:
- gufata amajwi yasubiwemo;
- Igabana muri bice;
- tekinike ishushanyije;
- Gukomeza gufata mu mutwe.
Inyandiko zifasha cyane mugihe hari umubare munini wihariye, formulaire, imbonerahamwe, ibishushanyo mubikoresho bisabwa. Nyuma yo gusoma bwa mbere birakenewe neza kumenya neza igitekerezo nyamukuru kandi bigatanga ibisobanuro byingenzi. Noneho baranditswe muburyo buhoraho (urashobora no gushushanya icyarimwe).
Mugihe bidashoboka kubwimpamvu runaka yo gukora ikintu runaka, birakwiye gukoresha inyandiko yo kwandika no gushushanya.
Gushyira neza inyandiko nini idafite amakosa ifasha rimwe na rimwe Koresha pictogrades. Umaze kwerekana ijambo ryibanze hamwe nibitekerezo byingenzi, amashusho asabwa yashushanijwe kuri buri jambo ryingenzi (bagomba kuba byoroshye, kurwara kandi nta nyandiko). Icyitonderwa: Igishushanyo kigomba gukurikiranwa muburyo bumwe nkuko bihagarika amakuru yiga. Rimwe na rimwe akamaro mubitekerezo bya psychologiya Kugabana ibikoresho (ariko ntibirenze 7, buri kimwe cyacyo kigomba guhuzwa muburyo).
Wibande ku kwishyura hagati yinyandiko . Ku ntangiriro, hamwe nibidasanzwe, birimo intangiriro ntabwo ari amakuru yingenzi. Iherezo ryinshi ryibanda kugarura neza, niba intangiriro naho hagati bizwi. Uburyo buhoraho bwo Gufata mu mutwe buratinda, ariko birakabije.
Nyuma yo kumena inyandiko kubice, bigarukira ahantu burigihe murugo cyangwa kukazi, igihe cyose usuye igice runaka.
Ku mahanga
Inzira yoroshye yo gufata mu mutwe inyandiko mururimi rwamahanga - Kumva umukinnyi ku mukinnyi cyangwa kuri terefone icyarimwe hamwe n'ibibazo bisanzwe. Ariko gutegera amatwi ntibigomba kutabitekerezaho, ugomba kuvugana nibiri no kumenya ibihe bikomeye. Kwihutisha inzira, bigira inama yo gushushanya amashusho mugihe cyo gutega amatwi no gukora inyandiko ngufi. Icy'ingenzi: Inyandiko mu rurimi rw'amahanga yakwinjijwe neza mu masaha 4 yambere nyuma yo gukanguka no mu masaha 4 mbere yo kugenda. Basabwe:
- Gerageza kugabanya ibikoresho by'amahanga kuri block;
- Menya ibya canvas isanzwe yibirimo hamwe nudodora.
- Koresha isano hamwe nubuzima bwawe hamwe nubunararibonye.
Amayeri n'ibisubizo
Gushyira inyandiko mugihe usoma bwa mbere, Ni ngombwa cyane gukora umwuka mwiza utuje. Nibyiza kureka kumva amara amaboko igihe cyose kugeza ubonye amakuru. Iri tegeko rigomba kubagaragazwa atari mbere yo kwiga no muri yo, ariko na nyuma yacyo. Ibintu bike birangaza, akazi keza. Kandi umwe nuburaya: amasaha ya mugitondo arakwiriye kumenyera amakuru mashya meza kuruta nimugoroba, nyuma yo kubaho umwijima, ni byiza gusubiramo ibyasomwe, ariko ntabwo ari amahirwe make .
Ikosa risanzwe ryabantu benshi ni ukugerageza guhuza gusoma no kwakirwa . Ibi ntabwo byangiza ubuzima gusa, ahubwo byanoneye. Umwuka ukwiye uzemererwa gukora gusoma kugirango ubyandike, kandi ntabwo uri kumeza yo kurya, atari muburiri kandi atari mu bwiherero. Nibyiza gukoresha uburyo bwumuvuduko. Nubwo hari ikintu kitize ako kanya mubisomwa, ntibishoboka kugaruka ako kanya.
Mugihe usoma ushobora gutera imbere gusa. Nibyiza guhimba amashyirahamwe meza kandi agaragaza ikintu icyo aricyo cyose. Ni ngombwa kandi gusangira no kuganira kubisoma nabandi bantu. Ibi kandi bizabikora kugirango bihangane n'ibyishimo hamwe nijambo rusange, by the way.
Niba kandi hari ikintu kibagirana, ugomba kubanza kugerageza gukomeza kwibuka kandi gusa niba unaniwe kuvugana ninkomoko.
Abantu benshi bishimira uburyo abakinnyi bubuka inyandiko ndende. Ariko ntakintu ndengakamere cyangwa ubuhanga muri yo. Bazi gusa kwiga amajwi menshi cyane mugihe gito. Akenshi ukore ibi:
- Buhorobuhoro, utekereze cyane gusoma, nibyiza cyane;
- Gerageza gufata intego nyamukuru numwijima;
- Sangira byinshi byanditse kuri bisi, buri wese muri bo yigisha ukundi;
- Ongera wandike inyandiko yose kuva gushushanya intoki.
- Ongeraho, gusunika kuva mwijambo ryibanze no kwibanda ku makuru mato (yasuwe gusa mubihe bikabije);
- Ongera wandike inyandiko re-idafite inama;
- Ongera usubize witonze ibikoresho hanyuma ubisubiremo.
Hariho ubundi, amayeri yigenga:
- Guhitamo inyandiko hamwe na marike cyangwa amabara atandukanye mubice byingenzi cyangwa biragaragara ko ari ikibazo;
- Gusoma amahirwe;
- Gusoma kugirango usobanukirwe byuzuye ibisobanuro n'amarangamutima.
Kwibuka
Ariko, abana nabantu bakuru rimwe na rimwe ntabwo ari ngombwa kutamenya ibintu bimwe na bimwe byasomwe, ahubwo binavuga neza. Ni ngombwa rero guhugura no kwibukwa igihe kirekire. Kworoshya ubuzima bizashobora kubazi uburyo bwo gushushanya urukurikirane. Amategeko:
- Amashyirahamwe agomba kuba meza cyane bishoboka, birashimishije;
- Niba bashimangiwe bidashoboka ("basanze sneakers"), nibyiza cyane;
- Nibyiza gukora byibuze amashyirahamwe 3-4 ya 3-4 kugirango yiringirwa cyane;
- Ihagararire ishusho imbere y'amaso cyangwa nk'ijwi;
- gukabya ingano, umucyo, nibindi .;
- Koresha ingendo.
Inama nyinshi:
- Ibisigo byo Gutezimbere Ububiko bugomba gukorwa mu basizi badakunzwe cyangwa batazwi;
- Himura mu nyandiko ngufi muri Kine;
- kugabanya inyandiko;
- Ntiwibagirwe kubyerekeye guhagarika no gukora imyitozo ngororamubiri;
- Kurya byuzuye;
- Itegereze umunsi w'umunsi;
- Gutoza ubuzima bwanjye bwose, hamwe na buri rubanza rwiza.