Umugani w'Abayapani umwironge Xiakuhachi akunzwe mu bacuranzi mu myaka irenga 1000. Muri kiriya gihe, mu gikoresho cyakoreshwaga mu bitaro mu buryo bwo gutekereza, yashoboye guhindukirira kimwe mu bimenyetso by'umuziki wa mushakiya mu muziki wa mushakiya kandi ubyare kure y'izuba riva.
Niki?
Xiakuhai ni igikoresho gakondo cyumuziki. Longtian umwironge Ubwoko bwo gufungura bufite igikoresho cyoroshye cyane. Igikoresho cya Hollow hamwe na edges ebyiri zitinze zuzuzanya nimwobo wintoki 5. Uburebure busanzwe bwirongo - metero 1.8 zabayapani. Igikoresho cya muzika cyakiriye izina ryayo kubera ubunini. N'ubundi kandi, "Xoyaka" yahinduwe mu buyapani nk'ikirenge, na "Hati" - nk'umunani.
Abacamanza ba Syakuhai bakora intoki gusa. Kuko imirimo yayo, imigano ya Bamboo ikoreshwa hamwe n'imizi. Isukuye yitonze, ashyushya umuriro gahoro kandi yumye mugihe cyicyumweru. Nyuma yibyo, ibitswe ahantu hijimye kandi humye kuva kumyaka 3 kugeza kuri 5. Kuva mu gihe cyo kubika igikoresho, inzira yukuntu izaba ijwi ryaryo.
Iyo ishingiro ryibikoresho byiteguye, umuyoboro usukurwa hanyuma ukibora imiyoboro isabwa. Umwirori urangiye utwikiriwe nibice byinshi bya varnish. Kuva imbere biratunganywa kugirango ijwi risukure. Hanze - kugirango igikoresho gisa neza.
Buri umwijima urakorwa intoki, rero rero biragaragara ko bidasanzwe kandi udafite ibisambanyi.
Inkuru ngufi
Hariho verisiyo nyinshi zo kugaragara kwurobyi bwabayapani. Nk'uko umwe muri bo, iki gicuraramu cya muzika cyagaragaye muri Egiputa. Kuva aho, yaje mu Buhinde, akwira mu Bushinwa n'Ubuyapani. Mu gihe kirekire, iki gicuraramu cya muzika cyari kijyanye n'abihayimana byayobye - Komuso. Umukino kuri urworo ruva mumigano wabasimbuye isengesho kandi ufasha kwibanda ku gutekereza.
Imwe mu migani ivuga ku kuba kubera guhagarika kwambara intwaro, abihayimana bakoreshwa mu kwirwanaho gusa ibikoresho byabo bya muzika. Niyo mpamvu imyironge yatangiye kubyara mumuzi wumuzi wumugano, niyomba cyane kandi iramba. Mu kinyejana cya XVII, umwironge watangiye gukoresha mu mikorere y'indirimbo za rubanda. Abahinzi iki gikoresho cyashimwe cyoroshye, nuko umwironge wabigenje kubona urukundo rwabantu.
Mu kinyejana cya Xviii, amashuri azwi cyane mu mukino kuri Xiakhati yashinzwe.
- Bivuze Ryu. Iri shuri ryashinzwe nko mu 1890, kuba umusimbura nyabagendwa ku ishuri rya FCE. Itandukaniro nyamukuru ryayo nuko abacuranzi bakinnye injyana yo gutekereza ku buryo bworoshye. Kubwamahirwe, ikiruhuko cyishuri ryumwimerere cyatakaye mu kinyejana gishize.
- Kinko-Ruu . Mu ntangiriro, ishuri ryari rifite imiterere ya yosito. Yashinzwe na Ronin Kinkko mugice cya kabiri cya Xviii. Igisubizo gakondo cyishuri cyari kigizwe nibihe byakusanyirijwe kandi bitunganijwe. Irabikesheje ishuri, Kinko Xiakukhati yabaye igice cya Sanchuk - Ikirere gakondo bw'Abayapani.
- Todzan-Ruu . Ishuri kuva umusingi wacyo wifatanije nuburengerazuba bwa muzika. Kubwibyo, ibihimbano byayo nyamukuru bitandukanye cyane nibiranga umuziki wubuyapani. Noneho abacuranzi benshi bakina xiakuharty ni abahagarariye iri shuri.
Ibyamamare hanze ya JAP, iki gicurarangisho cya muzika cyatangiye kwakira gusa mu kinyejana gishize. Noneho imigano yo gutekereza cyane ikoreshwa mugukora ibihangano bitandukanye byumuziki. Intambara ya XiakuHarty igabanijwemo ibice bibiri binini: Gaikeku na Honkyuk.
Ijambo "Honkuk" risobanurwa nk '"umuziki nyawo". Iri jambo risobanura ibihangano gakondo. Izindi ndirimbo zose zitwa umusore. Iki cyiciro kirimo miño (umuziki wa rubanda), nibindi bigezweho, kurugero, Ikiyapani Jazz.
XiakuHachi irashobora kumvikana mugitaramo cyumuziki wamasomo cyangwa gakondo yikiyapani. Rero, imigano yoroha injyana yumvikana mumajwi kuri firime nka "batman" cyangwa "parike ya Jurage".
Gusubiramo Ibinyabuzima
Hariho amoko menshi ya Xiakuhai.
- Hotika . Iyi ni imwe mu mpamvu za kera zo mu mwironge cy'Abayapani. Itandukaniro rye nuko bagerageza guhora bakora mu migano imwe yose. Akenshi usiga ibintu bidahwitse imbere mumigano. Benshi bizera ko kubwibyo, ijwi riboneka neza kandi ryimbitse.
- Gagaku. . Ubu buryo bworoshye bwamamaye mubushinwa. Byatewe nuko yakoreshejwe muri Orchestre Gakaku. Noneho urashobora kubona iki gicuramuzi mungoro ndangamurage gusa. Ingero zifite agaciro cyane zibikwa mu isanduku mu nyerezi.
- Tampuk. . Iyi myitozo igaragaramo uburyo butandukanye bwo gufungura kumunwa. Igikoresho nikigereranyo hagati ya Gagwaki na Fuke. Noneho hakoreshejwe gake cyane.
- Fuche . Ifite iherezo rinini kandi riremereye ryakozwe mumizigo. Igishushanyo mbonera gifite umwobo 5 cyumukino cyahimbwe nababisigisigi ba Fukhe. Numukoresha abahanzi ba none.
- Hitögery . Iki nigikoresho kimwe, bitandukanye na Fuke, ntabwo cyari gikoreshwa mugutekereza, ariko kubikora indirimbo zabantu. Kubwamahirwe, iyi myiburo yasohotse muri rusange imaze imyaka ijana ishize.
Uko bakina?
Umukino kuri Xiakhatati ahanini usa numukino uri ku mwironge usanzwe. Kugirango ukureho amajwi, ugomba gushyira iherezo ryibikoresho byo mu muziki kugeza ku munwa wo hasi hanyuma wohereze umwuka ugana ku giti cye, witwa bump. Muburyo bwo gukina kuri Xiakhatti, abacuranzi benshi baragira inama yo kuzamura inguni z'akanwa, kumwenyura gato. Iminwa icyarimwe igomba kuruhuka. Muri iki gihe, ijwi rizagwa risukuye, ntirisa.
Hano hari ibyobo bitanu byintoki hejuru yikikoresho. Kubikoresha, urashobora kugenzura amajwi y'umwironge. Uburebure bw'ijwi bugira ingaruka kandi kugenda umutwe hasi no hejuru. N'ubundi kandi, ubu buryo umucuranzi ahindura inguni aho indege inyura mu gicunga.
Umukino wuburezi kuriki gikoresho cyumuziki gisaba imyitozo ya buri munsi. Nibyiza kwitoza mubihe bitandukanye. Kurugero, muri kamere, kubahiriza uburyo amajwi ahinduka uyobowe numuyaga. Igomba kwitondera ko Newcomer itazashobora guhita igira injyana iyo ari yo yose.
Gufata umwironge mu maboko yawe ku nshuro ya mbere, bizashoboka kurema urusaku gusa. Kugira ngo wige uburyo bwo gukuramo amajwi iburyo buturutse kuri igikoresho, ugomba kugerageza cyane.
Ukwayo, birakwiye ko tumenye ko Xiakuhachi akeneye kwita neza. Umwirondazi wimigano ugomba kubikwa mucyumba cyumye kandi gishyushye. Nta na hamwe bidashobora kubikomeza kuruhande rwa gishyushye cyangwa bateri. Ibi bizaganisha ku kuba imirongo izagaragara hejuru yigikoresho. Icyo gihe bizagomba gusimburwa nigishya cyangwa gutanga kugarura. Xiakuhai ntabwo ikeneye igenamiterere ryinyongera, ariko nyuma ya buri somo ryumukino, hejuru yimbere bugomba gusukurwa neza.
Umukino kuri Flute Xyakukhati nukuri . Kubwamahirwe, igihe kinini kikomeza iterambere rye. Nyuma ya byose, kugirango wige kugenzura byimazeyo iki gikoresho no gukina melodies zose zahujwe, zikorwa imyaka myinshi. Kubwibyo, ubu abantu bake kandi bake bakoresha ubuzima bwabo mugutezimbere imigenzo ya kera ya muzika.
Kubijyanye nuburyo bwo gukina umwironge Xiakuhati, reba videwo ikurikira.