Nebelu ni igikoresho kera by'umuzika yerekeranye Ikurikiranyanyuguti umuryango . Ntikko kwamamara we yaje ku kinyejana XVI, ariko uyu munsi ushobora kumva ijwi we n'injyana. Ibyo ni nebelu, ibyo ni amateka riboneka yayo, ndetse ibintu byinshi tuzasuzuma mu gice.
Niki?
Nebelu ni A Ikurikiranyanyuguti tweezing igicurarangisho. Abonekera mu kera rirerire, kandi rero ashobora kuba bolded bahamagara y'ikinyejana.
Inzira, ari ishusho gikoresho ko amahanga bamwe bafatwaga ikimenyetso urubyiruko buhuje, n'urukundo.
Visually, a nebelu asa ikintu asa a balalaika, domra cyangwa Japanese Ikurikiranyanyuguti igikoresho bita Syamysen. Bamwe babona ko ari incuti magara ya gitari, Ariko, igihe ugereranyije, itandukaniro hagati ibikoresho bibiri kirumvikana. Nebelu ni rwigenga, mbere babona ko afite umubare Bya Ibiranga na biranga.
ishusho ye ni oval cyangwa Umutobe. Muri rusange, igikoresho iyi injyana hafi burundu bifatika inkwi. Kurema amagorofa, amasahani mahundo zikoreshwa kandi mu biti. Mu imiturire ikoraniro akenshi riboneka mu bice giti rigizwe n'ibiti gikomeye bikomeye, nko Urugero, gishanga, cherry, rosewood n'abandi.
Ibi ni kimwe mu bigize igikoresho iyi muzika, nka kagoma a, ntabwo kumanika hejuru gice cy'inyuma, kandi kiri kumwe ku rwego rumwe, bikaba bugaragara itandukaniro ku nebelu kuva conifers n'ibindi by'umuzika cegukira itsinda y'imirya. Ijosi igikoresho Ubusanzwe bifatika ku giti na uburemere gato.
Naho umubare Ikurikiranyanyuguti ya nebelu rero mu minsi ya Rwagati hari 4 gusa cyangwa 5 babiri, no mu gihe y'inyubako, umubare Ikurikiranyanyuguti ashobora kugera 19. Ubu, umubare Ikurikiranyanyuguti Ibiganiro ku igikoresho iyi muzika bishobora cyane bitandukanye - kuva 5 no 16, rimwe na rimwe kugeza 24.
Mu size, mu nebelu biragoye cyane guhamagara kinini igicurarangisho. Uburebure bwawo ntabwo kugera metero ku, zigize santimetero 80 gusa, kandi uburemere nta kurusha n'amagarama 500.
Amateka
Nkuko byavuzwe Nebelu ni zitabera w'imyaka by'umuzika igikoresho, yasohotse mu kiringo co hagati y'ikinjana. Izina itariki nyayo isa, ndetse runaka ahantu, ikibabaje, ntibishoboka.
Kuko igihe bose imaze ikora, a nebelu, birumvikana, yabwo umubare munini Amahinduka - umubare Ikurikiranyanyuguti Ibiganiro, Sisitemu, ubunini, design no gusa byarahindutse.
Nuko, nk'uwo nebelu tugezemo yakoreshejwe mu bihe bya kera mu Misiri, mu Bugiriki, Roma, Bulgaria, u Bushinwa, Kilikia n'ahandi. Uretse, mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 7, bisa ubwoko igicurarangisho ashobora kwizihizwa mu Buperesi, kandi muri Arumeniya, kandi mu Byzantium, ndetse mu Arab Calipte.
Ku Balkan kinjira, nko igicurarangisho, nka nebelu na gito ijosi, yari nini cyane mu kinyejana cya 6 bitewe ikoreshwa Gikora na izofasha. Mu kinyejana cya VIII, ashimira Masters, Lutni yabaye cyane muri Esipanye na Catalogne.
Vuba ku igikoresho bize hafi hose. Mu kinyejana XIV, A nebelu byari bimenyerewe mu Butaliyani, hanyuma yimukira mu Palermo Budage. Nuko, mu XV ku kinyejana XVI, ijwi nebelu rwaburanishijwe mu Butaliyani, no mu Budage, no mu Portugal.
Mu kinyejana cya XVI, ubwamamare bwa igikoresho iyi muzika bigera c'agaheta yayo. Mu gihe cya ububyutse mu, a nebelu akenshi bigaragazwa mu amafoto gihe.
Uretse, hari umubare munini butterlers - bahanzi bakoraga ndirimbo runaka ku nebelu ku. Hari byinshi Tortey - ko yari kugira yitwa shebuja kuko zikora igikoresho iyi by'umuzika. Hanyuma, batangira guhamagara shebuja kuko zikora ibikoresho wese by'umuzika cegukira Ikurikiranyanyuguti itsinda. Nuko, mu nwza Masters L. Maleer umugi wa Frey bari mu terrests neza icyo gihe.
Litchi cyahindutse igikoresho nyamukuru umwuga byombi no bakunda. Yagize avuza gusa mu mazu y'abantu basanzwe, ariko kandi mu ngoro ya cyami. Lutage yari yakunze wese, harimo abahagarariye amaraso cyami ko batangira kwambaza "igikoresho abami bose."
Nuko, mu mpera XV, barenga 400 ndirimbo by'umuzika kuko nebelu baremwe mu bihugu by'i Burayi. Ni yemera ko abantu nka Francesco spinachino na Yohana Dauland kuba vyabonwa akamaro kuruta igikoresho iyi by'umuzika. Muri rusange, nebelu yari yakoze na zitandukanye ndirimbo by'umuzika: na solo, na ensembles, aherekejwe vocalists bitandukanye, ndetse choras. Byongeye kandi, ni kenshi cyane muri y'abacuraranzi mu.
Cyane bahuriyeho na benshi bari mu mashuri nka aho yigishije iremwa nk'iyi gucuranga. Cyane basaba bo kabaga mu mujyi Butaliyani ya nwza.
Bamwe bahimbye cegukira mulembe y'inyubako bari byagize uruhare rukomeye mu igikoresho iyi by'umuzika. Ayo mazina ashobora kwitirirwa bo, nk'akarorero, Johann Sebastian Bach, Denis Gauthier n'abandi.
Ariko, mu mpera z'ikinyejana cya XVII, kwamamara nebelu atangira kugabanuka, kandi umuvuduko bwihuse. Kugira icyo gihe hari bikoresho nka gitari na clusses, na gato nyuma na piano. Byari bo batangira kwitarura hanze a nebelu Kuva: i Urutonde ya benshi bashakaga-nyuma gucuranga.
Mu kinyejana XVIII, yari hafi ukundi Biyambuye. Ariko, bamwe bwinshi nebelu n'ubu bari bakiri twavuze mu bihugu nka Sweden, Ukraine, Ubudagi.
Gusa ku vyo wa XIX na XX binyejana, ashimira by'umwihariko, nk'uyo British igikoresho shebuja, nk'uko Arnold Dolmech, Lutney yongeye bashimishijwe.
Mu 70 mu kinjana ca 20, igikoresho iyi muzika atangira gushyirwa mu gahunda by'umuzika ya bitaramo ya Abakinnyi bakinira bitandukanye - bombi ikipe ingaragu yose. Nuko, mu bahimbye zizwi gihe, bikaba yaremye ibikorwa mukino mu Lithe, harimo abantu nka Vladimir Vavilov, Shandro Kallos, Stefan Lungrend, ndetse abandi benshi.
Ijwi
Ijwi Lutni ni kidasanzwe kuko amatwi kijyambere, ari amajwi ameze monophony runaka kuko we. Ni kure yibukije by gitari, ariko ijwi igikoresho mbere akiri aza, kandi timbre afite velvetyness, kandi ni burundu yuzuyemwo hagacamwo.
A akosho gakomeye ku Ijwi, mu Uretse kwakira umukino, ifite ibyo mayagwa Ikurikiranyanyuguti ya igikoresho iyi by'umuzika baremwe. Niba Ikurikiranyanyuguti guturamo bari basanzwe bakoresha, ni ukuvuga kuva ibikoresho bisanzwe, ubu mu Ikurikiranyanyuguti imbere nylon. Itandukaniro hagati ijwi Ikurikiranyanyuguti nka ni zibonekeza cyane, cyane cyane ku bakoze umwuga.
Ku band ya nebelu, ni 3 octaves. Mu bifatika Igenamiterere ya nebelu atagira bazaragwa.
Gusubiramo Ibinyabuzima
Kera by'umuzika igikoresho nebelu afite umubare munini amoko: soprano, theorer, y'inyubako nebelu, ndetse Ramian, Bandor, Cantabil, Theorb, Kitarrons n'abandi benshi. Reba ibyamamare muri bo.
- Baroquic . Ako nebelu abonekera kubera Ubushakashatsi na Iboneza mu ahagana mu kinyejana cya XVI.
Mu bakoze ikirangirire wari umuhanga mu mukino ku bwinshi uyu yari Silvius Leopold Weiss.
- Theorbo . Ibi bitandukanye nebelu ryerekeza ku bass mu, bigaragariye mu buryo kimwe haruguru y'inyubako nebelu, mu kinyejana XVI. igikoresho atunze babiri ingwa uburyo, ndetse udusanduku tubiri resonant. Ubusanzwe iyo afite Ikurikiranyanyuguti 14, ariko mu y'inyubako kare, ushobora guhura theorem kandi Ikurikiranyanyuguti 19.
- Mandolin . Ikindi bitandukanye nebelu. Ariko, Mandolin aracyari runaka kitageze nebelu ku. igikoresho Ibi abonekera mu bihugu by'i Burayi, mu turere majyepfo. Play ku A plectrome nka Tremolo.
Mu bihe vya none, ibisobanuro iyi Ikurikiranyanyuguti mu cyuma.
- Nebelu Renaissance. Ibi igicurarangisho ni gakondo kuko Renaissance mulembe. igikoresho bitewe amoko afite umubare bitandukanye Ikurikiranyanyuguti babiri.
- Lunta Vanderfogel. Kandi ukwo genus ni mu Budage. Vanderfogel ahanini bisa ku Renaissance. Ariko, ifite A Kinini Umubare Bya Ibiranga bisa na na bisanzwe bose gitari twe: afite Ikurikiranyanyuguti 6 yogoga metal.
Uhereye hagati mu kinyejana cya 9, nk'iyi yari cyane cyane mu Abakinnyi bakinira by'umuzika.
- Bandora . Bandor, nka bose amoko haruguru, iya umuryango Lutnova.
Yoo, muri aka kanya bwoko buba burimwo ntabwo yakoresheje bahanzi, kandi si ibikoresho byinshi ubwabo.
Gusaba
Nubwo n'uko nebelu abonekera kuko rwose igihe kirekire, ubwandu mu murima wa music n'ubu ntabwo yagabanyije. Akenshi kubona umukino ku igikoresho iyi by'umuzika wumve ijwi rye bishobora ku bwoko butandukanye bwa bitaramo ndetse bamwe mikuru bwagutse. Benshi ikirangirire bahimbye kijyambere igizwe cyangwa n'ubu bahimbye umubare zitabera munini ibikorwa kuko nebelu.
Ibi birimo Vavilov, Kalosh, Lundgrena, Sato, Galvano, Vissess, Danilevsky, Zvison, Savchuk n'abandi benshi.
