Mu myaka mike ishize, mubanyeshuri barangije nabanyeshuri biga mumashuri yisumbuye, imyuga yakazi yakuyemo ubukana. Ibi biterwa n'impamvu nyinshi, kurugero, igihe gito cyo kwiga no kumushahara muremure. Mu ngingo yiki gihe, tuzavugana birambuye kubyerekeye umwuga wubukanishi bwo gukora moteri kumurongo.
NINDE?
Mu ntangiriro, bigomba kuvuga ko Umukanishi yo kurekura ibinyabiziga bifite moteri ni umwanya usaba producer wubumenyi bwinshi, ubuhanga nubuhanga. Igikorwa c'inzobere kijyanye no gutwara abantu mu nzira, kimwe, byifuzwa kubera inyungu zinyungu muri kariya gace. Kuva muri Mechanic biterwa nubuzima bwubwikorezi bwatanzwe na We. Kubwibyo, inzobere igomba gukora igenzura risanzwe rya tekiniki, kugirango usimbuze mugihe cyibice bitari byiza kandi bifite inenge.
Ni ngombwa ko mu gushyira mu bikorwa iyo mirimo inzobere yakoresheje uburambe bwateye imbere bw'Uburusiya n'ibihugu by'amahanga.
Nk'itegeko, umukanishi wo gukora ibinyabiziga kumurongo ukorera muri urwo rwego rwashyizwe mu miterere rusange y'isosiyete. Ashyikiriza imiyoborere myiza: injeniyeri mukuru, ubukanishi nyamukuru n'umuyobozi w'amato.
Reba ibintu byinshi byingenzi byumwuga.
- Gukenera ubumenyi nubuhanga bwumwuga. Kugira uruhare mu isoko ry'umurimo no mu bisabwa mu bakoresha n'inzobere, birakenewe kubona uburere bukwiye. Kubijyanye na miterere yumurimo, umukanishi kugirango umusaruro w'imodoka uri ku murongo ugomba kuba wuzuye, ndetse no gutunga urwego runini.
- Amahirwe yo gukura kw'umwuga. Inzobere hamwe nurwego rwo hejuru rwubumenyi rushobora kwemererwa kumyanya myiza. Noneho, guhera ku mwanya wubukanishi usanzwe kugirango utanga ibinyabiziga kumurongo, urashobora gufata umwanya wumuyobozi wikigo. Muri icyo gihe, ntugomba kwibagirwa amahirwe yo gufungura amahugurwa yawe bwite.
- Kwishura inyungu nyinshi . Mubisanzwe umushahara wumuntu wururimi rwa tekiniki ni hejuru cyane ugereranije nikigereranyo cyigihugu. Ibi biranga umwuga bikurura umubare munini wurubyiruko mubice byasobanuwe.
Inshingano n'ibisabwa
Inshingano zayo zishinzwe umukanishi kugirango umusaruro wimodoka kumurongo hashingiwe muri rusange ibyangombwa byemewe. Ibikorwa by'ubudodo bigengwa n'ibisobanuro by'akazi na prodessert. Hamwe ninyandiko, birakenewe gusoma neza na mbere yuko ikoreshwa kumugaragaro kumwanya . Ibi biterwa nuko kubwo kudasohoza cyangwa gusohoza nabi inshingano zabo, umukanishi ashobora kugira inshingano.
Reba inshingano nyamukuru z'umwuga:
- Gukora igenzura rya tekiniki byo gutwara abantu (kandi ibi birori bigomba kubaho buri gihe, kandi kubwibyo birakenewe kugirango dukore gahunda cyangwa gahunda isobanutse);
- akazi gasana, gusimbuza ibice bitaribyo kandi bifite inenge;
- Kumenyekanisha impamvu n'ingaruka zo gusenyuka;
- Gukoresha tekinike zigezweho;
- kugenzura no gukurikirana ibinyabiziga;
- Gushushanya inyandiko (raporo, pasiporo ya tekinike nibindi);
- gufata neza ibyangombwa (urugero, urupapuro rwibikoresho);
- Gutegura porogaramu yo kugura ibice bikenewe kugirango ishyirwa mubikorwa ryukuri;
- kubahiriza amategeko y'umutekano;
- gukurikira amabwiriza y'imbere;
- Umurongo ngenderwaho kubakozi bayoboka.
Igomba kwitondera ko urutonde rwavuzwe haruguru rudafunze. Irashobora kuzuzwa no guhindurwa bitewe nibisabwa n'ibyifuzo byumukoresha, kimwe nibisobanuro byakazi k'umushinga. Kubwibyo, mugihe cyakazi, ugomba kuba witeguye guhuza nibidukikije bikomoka hanze.
Byongeye kandi, umukoresha arashobora gutora ibisabwa kugirango ahugure inzobere. Ubumenyi buteganijwe bwumukanishi bwo gukora ibinyabiziga kumurongo birashobora guterwa:
- Kumenya amategeko agenga umurimo;
- Kumenya ibikorwa byose bitemewe n'amategeko bigenga umurimo winzobere;
- Gusobanukirwa mu buryo bw'ubufatanye bw'akazi;
- Ubushobozi bwo gusoma no gusobanura ibyangombwa bitandukanye bya tekiniki (kurugero, amabwiriza yo gukoresha imashini nibikoresho), nibindi.
Ukurikije aya makuru, irashobora kwemezwa ko Umukanishi wo kurekura ibinyabiziga bifite moteri ni inzobere ikeneye byinshi kumenya no gushobora.
Muri icyo gihe, inzobere, cyane cyane isaba kandi ifatika, izaba iri ku isoko ry'umurimo, ifite ubumenyi bwinshi.
Imico bwite
Usibye ubuhanga bwumwuga nubuhanga, imico yawe bwite ifite uruhare runini kumuhanga. Akenshi, ibisabwa kubiranga umuntu birambuye mugutangaza umwanya, muburyo, birakenewe gusoma byinshi bishoboka mbere yo gusaba umwanya.
Imico yingenzi cyane yumukanishi kugirango umusaruro wimodoka kumurongo urashobora kwitirirwa:
- Byaba byiza;
- impengamiro yo gusiga akazi;
- witonze;
- Ibitekerezo bisesengura;
- impengamiro yo gutekereza kuri tekiniki;
- kubura ingeso mbi;
- Gukunda ikoranabuhanga;
- inshingano;
- Kwubahiriza igihe, nibindi
Gusa niba uhuza ibiranga umwuga kandi byihariye muri wewe, urashobora gutsinda mubice byumwuga. Wibuke ko umukoresha aha akazi kato gusa, ariko nanone umuntu uzahuza itsinda rimaze gushyirwaho.
Uburezi
Kugirango wemererwe umwanya wubukanishi wo kurekura ibinyabiziga kumurongo, birakenewe gukurikiza amahugurwa akwiye. Muri icyo gihe, ubushakashatsi bwawe bwumwuga burashobora kubaho haba ku bijyanye n'ibigo byihariye kandi byisumbuye. Mubihe byinshi, uburyo bwa kabiri nibyiza, nkuko bizagufasha guhita unyuze muntambwe yumwuga.
Ibyiza byo Amashuri Makuru:
- Ubwiza-bwiza kandi bwigihe kirekire;
- Integanyanyigisho zirimo ubumenyi bufatika kandi bufatika;
- Impamyabumenyi ivuye mu kigo cy'uburezi butuma inzobere mu gutera vuba binyuze mu nshingano y'umwuga, ndetse no gusaba imyanya y'ubuyobozi, n'ibindi.
Ku rundi ruhande, amahugurwa mu kigo cyihariye (urugero, mu ishuri rya tekiniki cyangwa kaminuza) afite ibyiza bikurikira:
- Kwiga igihe kirekire;
- Igiciro gito;
- Icyerekezo cyimyitozo, nibindi
Rero, Ni ngombwa cyane gufata icyemezo hakiri kare hamwe nibigo byigisha uzakora. Wibuke ko Kuri Secondary idasanzwe, umuntu arashobora kuza nyuma yicyiciro cya 9, no muri kaminuza nyuma ya 11. Mubyongeyeho, bigomba kuvugwa ko Rimwe na rimwe, kandi kubakoresha bamwe baho hazaba inzira ihagije. Mbere yo kwinjira mu kigo cy'uburezi cyatoranijwe, birasabwa gusura Komisiyo yo kwakira. Urakoze kuri ibi, urashobora kumenya ibizamini bizakenera kubara kugirango ujyerwe, kimwe no kugenzura ishuri ubwaryo, kumenyera abarimu.
Muburyo bwo kubona ubumenyi Birakenewe kwitondera, inshingano nuburemere . Buri gihe, burigihe uharanira kubona amanota menshi, nka bamwe mu bakoresha, mugihe bafata akazi nkuko abasaba, baza kwerekana diplome gusa, ahubwo bakuramo ibigereranyo. Ni ngombwa kandi kwitegura kuba mubikorwa byo kubona uburezi uzagomba kumenya umubare munini wa tekinike ya tekinike. Bikenewe cyane kwegera abamenyereye no kwimenyereza umwuga. Ubwa mbere, murwego rwibi byabaye, urashobora kugura ubuhanga ukeneye. Icya kabiri, niba ushobora kwigaragaza kuruhande rwiza, urashobora gukomeza kubona akazi kumushinga aho imyitozo yashize.
Igihe cyo kwiga kirashobora kuva mumyaka 3 kugeza kuri 6 (Rimwe na rimwe, iki gihe gishobora kwiyongera) . Nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri, ugomba kugikora icyemezo hanyuma ugatsinda ibizamini byujuje ibisabwa. Gusa uko ushobora gufatwa nkumunyamishabic wabigize umwuga kugirango utange ibinyabiziga kumurongo.
Ariko, nubwo bimeze bityo, birakwiye ko ukomeza kwitondera amashuri yawe: Sura Insanganyamatsiko, Amahugurwa, Inyigisho, nibindi
Inshingano
Usibye imirimo, mu mabwiriza yemewe n'ibipimo by'umwuga birimo ingingo zireba inshingano z'inzobere. Nk'uko bimeze bityo, nk'ubutegetsi rusange, umukanishi wo gukora ibinyabiziga ku murongo ashinzwe mu bihe nk'ibi:
- Kwangizwa kw'amafaranga (muri uru rubanza, igihombo cyibintu kirashobora gukorwa ku bijyanye n'inzego ubwazo, aho imirimo mirami no ku bijyanye na bagenzi, abakiriya, n'ibindi);
- Gutanga amakuru yizewe kubayobozi (kandi ibi birashobora kwita ku makuru yabo bwite n'amakuru yerekeye imirimo yo gusana);
- Kutubahiriza ibishushanyo mbonera, gahunda na gahunda y'akazi;
- kutibahiriza igihe ntarengwa;
- Kwanga gusohoza amabwiriza yo kuyobora hejuru;
- Kutubahiriza amahame yumutekano (umurimo, fireman, nibindi).
Ukurikije uburyo budahwitse bukabije, inshingano zirashobora gutandukana nuburemere: kuva muri disipulini kubugizi bwa nabi.
Ahantu ho gukorera
Ubukanishi bwo kurekura ibinyabiziga kumurongo birashobora gukora haba mumahugurwa yigenga no mumato rusange. Muri rusange, iyi nzobere ni Umukozi wimpumuro yingero zose zo gutwara moteri.
Igomba kwitondera, kwinjiza bizaterwa n'ahantu ho gukorera. Rero, ibihembo byinshi kubikorwa byakazi kabo bizakira abo bahanga bakora mumahugurwa yigenga mumijyi minini. Ariko ubukanishi bukorera mumishinga ya leta iherereye muntara yakira umushahara muto.
Muri videwo itaha, ikiganiro hamwe na Mechanic ari ugutegereje (umugenzuzi wa OJSC "ubwikorezi"), aho avuga ku minsi y'icyumweru cy'umurimo.