Mubyukuri, ibicuruzwa ni umwuga wo hejuru, ukurikije ubuyobozi bwaho intsinzi yumushinga wa firime yakemutse neza. Kwinjiza mu mushinga wa Producer Producer - bisobanura gukemura ikibazo kirenze kimwe cya kabiri. Reba muburyo burambuye ninde producer muri firime nicyo akora.
Amafaranga yihariye
Umwuga wa producer wagaragaye mu 1910 muri Americanwood. "Uruganda GREE: icyo gihe cyari kimaze kuba inganda zikomeye. Ariko, kubucuruzi bwa firime yatsinze, birakenewe gushora amafaranga, gutunganya, kuzamura tekinike, gukora kurasa cyane, gushyikirana nabakinnyi bafite impano nabandi. Harakenewe rero inzobere yari ifite ubumenyi bwumucuruzi, yibanze cyane mubuhanzi. Muyandi magambo, byahuza ibitekerezo byo guhanga no kubona ibibazo byumucuruzi mubucuruzi.
Imbaraga zikomeye zo kugaragara kwumwuga byari televiziyo. N'ubundi kandi, umwanya wa TeleProducer ni ukuba bitandukanye na producer ya firime, usibye ibicuruzwa byakazi. Mu nganda zikura kumurongo, ntabwo kandi ari ugukora nta bangabunga neza n'abayobozi bashinzwe umushinga.
Mu Burusiya, abadepite ba mbere bo muri uyu mwuga bari, wenda, V. Nemirovich-Danchenko (Umwanditsi w'igitekerezo cya Theatre nshya), kimwe na "lokomotiv. Ibihe "i Paris.
Akavumbuzi urugero, muburyo bwiza - kwerekana icyerekezo-ubuhanzi nubuyobozi bugenzurwa nubukungu hejuru ya firime. Niba tuvuga mu buryo bw'ikigereranyo, ariko kubwibyo ko mubikorwa bituma producer muri firime cyangwa kuri tereviziyo, urashobora, bivuga igitekerezo cyabakozi b'inararibonye, bagaragaza ishingiro ryiyi mirimo. Mbere ya byose, ugomba gukora ibi bikurikira:
- Menya intege nke zabo kandi ubazuze abantu bashoboye benshi;
- Wibagirwe Ego yawe, kurugero, niba utarangije imibare, noneho ushake imbaraga, niba hari ingingo zidafite imbaraga muri disikuru - gukurura umuvugizi - gukurura inzobere zibifitiye ububasha;
- Igikorwa nyamukuru nuguhitamo itsinda ryukuri ryinzobere hagamijwe itsinda ryukuri, rizashobora kugikemura rwose mubihe miriyoni nziza, iruta umuntu umwe aho kuba; Gukoresha Synergy ni inzira nziza yo gutsinda!
Umwuga usaba imico yimbitse, ubushobozi bwubucuruzi ninshi mubirenze guhangayika. Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, imico kugiti cye ikonjaga neza umusaruro, kuyobora ndetse no gukora umurimo. UBU MURI MISANGE ni gake.
Muri bo harimo inyenyeri nziza cyane: S. Spielberg, K. Qatimani, R. Zeekis, N. Mikhalkov, F. Bondarduk.
Inshingano
Producer numuteguro utekereza uvuga nkumuntu ushinzwe ibisobanuro bya firime, bije, igihe cyumushinga. Arimo kandi mu kindi "kuzunguruka" kwa firime, asabana na sitidiyo na sinema, ndetse n'ibibazo byo gucunga abakozi babarirwa mu magana. Inshingano zayo nyamukuru zigabanyijemo ibice nk'ibintu bitatu byakozwe nka:
- Yamagata;
- umusaruro;
- kubyara.
Inshingano zigamije icyiciro cya mbere ni izi zikurikira:
- Menya ibirimo nibisobanuro byumushinga;
- tanga ingengo yimari yumushinga;
- Fata icyemezo ku mukandida n'abandi bagize itsinda;
- Tegura guta, hamwe n'umuyobozi, kureba abashinzwe (rimwe na rimwe bikorwa n'Ubuyobozi We, niba ari umunyamwuga);
- Menya ahantu no guhindura ingengo yimari yumushinga;
- Menya hamwe nakazi kakazi kandi ingaruka zidasanzwe;
- Kora ubukode bukenewe;
- Kora gahunda yo kurasa;
- Tegura gahunda irambuye yo kurangiza umushinga.
Ku cyiciro cya kabiri, ugomba gukora ibi bikurikira:
- Fasha umuyobozi ufite ibyifuzo bishya bihanga;
- Gukemura ikibazo cyo gukanda ibintu mugukora hamwe nitsinda muri rusange;
- Gukuramo buri gihe ibikoresho byarangiye.
Ku cyiciro cya nyuma, ibikurikira bigomba gukorwa:
- Kora ikiganiro cyo guhitamo amashusho hamwe numuyobozi;
- Reba ibice byarangije film nyuma yo guhinduka kwabo;
- Rimwe na rimwe, kugira ibyo uhindura kumushinga - gukuraho cyangwa kongeramo amashusho atandukanye, bitanga imyanya yanyuma;
- Gukora imishyikirano yubucuruzi hamwe nabatanga ibicuruzwa kugirango igabanye film yerekanwe;
- Hunga hamwe nabakwirakwiza ubukangurambaga bwo kwamamaza.
Icy'ingenzi! Umwanya wagenwe ni ubuyobozi. Hariho abantu bafite umwuga mwinshi umwuga, hamwe nubushobozi bwa "umusaruro wa cinema na tereviziyo" hamwe nubunararibonye bwakazi muri kariya gace byibuze imyaka 3.
Imikorere ni izi zikurikira:
- guharanira ikiganiro cy'impuguke ku mushinga, amayeri yo gushyira mu bikorwa, ubushakashatsi bwerekana inyandiko;
- Amabwiriza yo kunyura mu kwigira umuntu.
Dukurikije inyandiko, ibikurikira bigomba gukorwa:
- Kora hamwe nabandi banditsi b'umushinga cyangwa bakururwa na Inzobere Ubuhanzi Ubuhanzi Canvas y'ibicuruzwa;
- gusuzuma no kwemeza gahunda ya Scenario;
- Kora ubushakashatsi ku mutungo ukenewe no gukora kugenzura imigezi yabo;
- Kora itsinda uhitamo inzobere kandi utegure ibikorwa byahujwe;
- Gutegura kurasa no guhindura firime;
- Igenzura urwego rwibikoresho byo gufatahanagura byatekerejweho mbere umurongo wa firime hamwe na scenario yemewe;
- kugira uruhare mu kwemeza ibintu byarangiye;
- gutegura ingamba zigamije kwiga isoko, kurema ibikoresho guteza film ku;
- Mu uburenganzira bwo gukemura ibibazo intumwa mirimo umuntu ngo bakozi gukora imirimo runaka,
- Gutanga ububasha kubahiriza amategeko mu murima wa copyright n'uburenganzira n'ibindi.
Producer afite uburenganzira bwo gukora ibi bikurikira:
- uruhare mu biganiro mu ishusho kazoza;
- guhuza Inyandiko Imimerere zibishinzwe;
- gutegura no inama gufata ku Gutegura
- Kohereza gusaba no kwakira ibisubizo kuri imitwe inzego ku bintu by'ukuri umusaruro;
- kurangura igenzura ibikorwa ku imice high-quality bikorwa hageze amabwiriza;
- guhagarika umurimo igihe gutahura binyuranyije ibisabwa yakiriye, batari kubahiriza amabwiriza agenga;
- izagutegekera burundu amakosa kandi binyuranyije;
- Idusaba kuva ubuyobozi ingamba gufasha mu isohozwa mirimo yabo n'uburenganzira.
Mu producer bishobora yabereye ahanishwa mu bihe bikurikira:
- kuko bikorwa bitari cyangwa kunanirwa kuzuza inshingano zabo itaziguye ku bishimikije ingingo ziteganywa HG RF;
- Kuko ibyaha yemeye, ibyangiritse hakurikijwe amategeko ya Federation Burusiya.
Ubumenyi nubuhanga
Mu producer agomba kumenya ibi bikurikira:
- amategeko urwego Ngenzuramikorere, ibikorwa mu Burusiya mu murima zibishinzwe ibikorwa;
- ihinduramiterere imiterere imiterere;
- Methodic-Ngenzuramikorere Inyandiko ku bibazo bya sinema,
- Ngengamikorere ibintu by'ikoranabuhanga cinematography;
- utunze imfatiro mu magambo ya umuyobozi, art umugurisha na soundoforming;
- Gutora ikoranabuhanga;
- Mu Imisusire nyamukuru no gusesengura iterambere cinema isi;
- isoko uburyo;
- Imiburanishirize mu kuyobora masezerano bikorwa;
- tekiniki, tekiniki na Imisusire i gucunga abakozi;
- ibikorwa amategeko ku copyright n'uburenganzira n'ibindi conjugated;
- ubumenyi bw'ibanze mu imfatiro HG;
- Amabwiriza ku kurengera imirimo, umutekano, kwirinda isuku no ingamba umuriro imirwano.
Uburezi
Kugira baronke uburezi, rikurikiye ku umwihariko "Production" cyangwa amabwiriza bijyanye (gucunga imishinga, gucunga, n'ibindi). Tuba tugaragaje umubare inzego z'igihugu aho akaryo nko buteganywa:
- Belgorod Institute of Arts n'Umuco (gutandukana wa umuyobozi, akora no basanishije);
- Tyumen Institute w'Umuco (Department of Social n'umuco Technologies);
- Oryol Institute w'Umuco (Department of Social n'umuco Igikorwa);
- Khabarovsk Institute w'Umuco (Branch of Arts na Sociocultural Ibikorwa);
- Ikigo cy'umuco cya Moscow (Ishami: Politiki y'umuco wa Leta, Itumanaho rya Leta n'ubuhanzi bw'amajwi);
- Ikigo cya Cinematografiya cyose. S. Gerasimova (Ishami rishinzwe Producer);
- Ikigo cya St. Petersburg cya Sinema na televiziyo (Ibiro bya ecran);
- Ikigo cy'umuco cya Krasnodar (ishami ryo gutangaza);
- Institute ya Ostankinsky na Radiyo.
Igikorwa kijyanye n'imikorere:
- Ku kigo cya cinema na tereviziyo (GITR);
- Mu ishuri ry'umuziki w'Uburusiya. Gnessains;
- mu kigo cy'Uburusiya cy'ubuhanzi (Gitysis);
- Mu kigo cy'Uburusiya Ubuhanzi.
Iyo winjiye: Ikizamini mu kirusiya, ubuvanganzo, rimwe na rimwe kaminuza zikorwa n'ibizamini bya siyanse cyangwa ku mateka, ururimi rw'amahanga.
Ibizamini byumwuga cyangwa bihanga (Ibibazo, imikorere yo mu kanwa nibindi biganiro) birashobora gukorwa.
Ahantu ho gukorera
Mubisanzwe bakora muri studiyo ya firime, kumurongo wa tereviziyo cyangwa mu bigo. Ibikorwa byigenga ntibibujijwe. Urufunguzo rwo gutsinda ni akazi gahoraho kandi gahoraho. Umwuga mubisanzwe utangirana numufasha wubuyobozi (urugero, kumuyoboro wa TV), hamwe no kwihangana neza n'umwete, urashobora kugera kuri producer yumushinga cyangwa umushinga.