Gutura Imashini Gutura: Impamyabumenyi z'akazi muri Esks, uburezi, inshingano n'ubutabera

Inzira zitandukanye zifatika zivuga ko bigenda byibintu byoherejwe na pisine ukoresheje tank ukoresheje ibikoresho byo kuvoma. Kugira ngo ibikoresho biranga bikunze guhagarikwa, umukozi watojwe uhamye arakenewe, uzaburanira iyi nzira kandi, nibiba ngombwa, gushobora gukumira ibihe byihutirwa mugihe gikwiye.

Amafaranga yihariye

Gutanga imashini Ni umuhanga umwuga ufite umwuga ufitanye isano n'imikorere ya sisitemu zitandukanye. Mubikorwa byakazi, bigomba kuzirikana amakuru yo kugenzura no gupima sensor nibikoresho kugirango bakomeze gukora ibikoresho biranga ibikoresho. Ibikoresho byinshi by'inganda bifite ibikoresho byo kwinjiza ibikoresho byikora, kubera kubungabunga imashini Shiraho ubumenyi nubuhanga hamwe na sisitemu nk'iyi. Mugihe cyihutirwa, umushoferi agomba gufata ingamba mugihe gikwiye, agomba guhagarika gutanga ibintu byamazi. Haba muburyo bwabo bwo kugenda.

Gusohoza inshingano zakazi, umushoferi wo kuvoma Ugomba kumva ibishushanyo mbonera byo kuvoma ibikoresho Kugira ngo ubashe kumenya imikorere mibi kandi, mu rwego rw'ubushobozi bwabo, kandi niba bidashoboka, inshingano z'inzobere zirimo ibyihutirwa mu micungire y'ibyihutirwa ku bijyanye n'ibiribwa byihutirwa. Mbere yo gukomeza akazi, imashini irakenewe Utegeke ukurikije amategeko yakazi ku kwishyiriraho hamwe n'umutekano . Buri mwaka amabwiriza arakorwa. Niba, mugihe ugenzura ubumenyi, inzobere ntizahuza ibisabwa byashyizweho, bizakurwa kukazi. Ubwayo birashobora gukora gusa nyuma yo kongera urwego rwubushobozi bwayo.

Usibye ibisobanuro, kwihanganira bisobanura no Isuzuma ry'ubuvuzi - Umukozi atera ikizamini cyo kwa muganga mbere yo kwakira akazi kandi buri mwaka, kuri gahunda yashyizweho n'umukoresha.

Ubugenzuzi bukorerwa ubuvuzi bwo gukora akazi mu mwihariye "umushoferi wo kuvoma umwuga", mugihe ibikorwa byumurimo byuyu mukozi bifitanye isano no kunyeganyega, urusaku rwinshi kumurongo.

Inshingano

Ku ifasi y'Uburusiya Hariho igitabo kimwe cyerekanwe, aho gihimbaro cyerekanwe, kimwe nubuziranenge bwimyuga yabakozi (etks), ukurikije umwihariko wumushoferi wibitanya Impamyabumenyi yimibare yabo kuva 2 kugeza kuri 6 iratangwa . Hashingiwe ku biryo, bivugururwa buri mwaka, imishinga yose n'imiryango yose, aho hari abakozi mu bakozi, kuvugurura no kuganiraho hakurikijwe amahame agenga amategeko.

Imikorere ya sitasiyo zivoma iratandukanye, nuburyo bimeze hejuru, ibisabwa bikomeye bikozwe mubisabwa byinzobere babikorera. Umushahara wumukozi biterwa nurwego rwicyiciro. Impanuro yo hasi yishyuwe ya 2. Inzobere nkuyu yemerewe gukora ku kwishyiriraho, ingero zose zitararenga 1000 cu. / m3 kumasaha, ariko niba turimo kuvuga gaze cyangwa ibicuruzwa bya peteroli, noneho urwego rwibiryo rwemerewe metero 100. / m3.

Kwinjiza imikorere yo hejuru kuva 1000 kugeza 3000. / m3 ukorere abakoresha Ibyiciro 3 . Gukora hamwe nubunini bwibiryo kuva kuri metero 3000 kugeza 10,000. / m3 izakenera ibyangombwa Ibyiciro 4 No kugaburira 10,000 kugeza 15,000 Cu. / m3 umushoferi agomba kugira 5 Icyiciro. Impamyabumenyi Ibyiciro 6 Yemerera gukora kubikorwa hamwe no kugaburira metero zirenga 15.000. / m3 ku isaha.

Muri rusange, umukoresha ugereranya agomba gukora imirimo ikurikira:

• Gushyira mu bikorwa ahantu hamwe, gufata amazi, ibibanza byo kubaka, ndetse no mu rwego rwo kubungabunga ibikoresho bivoma hamwe n'ibibi;
• kugenzura imirimo yibikorwa bya vacuum, kimwe no kubungabunga kwabo;
• Ishyirwa mu bikorwa rya komisiyo no guhagarika sisitemu;
• kugenzura kubungabunga igitutu runaka muri sisitemu yo kuvoma;
• Kugenzura imikorere ya sisitemu nta nkomyi muburebure bwicyiciro cyo kubungabunga umuyoboro;
• Gusana no gufata neza amashanyarazi, kugenzura umutwaro wibikoresho by'amashanyarazi;
• ibaruramari no kurema gutanga raporo ku gikorwa cy'ishami rivoma;
• Kwitabira ubungubu no gukabya kwishyiriraho.

Kubucamanza bwigenga bwimirimo, inzobere igomba kugira uburambe bufatika.

Ubumenyi nubuhanga

Kuva mu nzobere mugutanga ibikoresho bitanga ubumenyi bufatika gusa, ahubwo nubumenyi bwihariye. Umushoferi Ugomba kumenya umukunzi-imiti yibicuruzwa ikandanwa muri sisitemu, kimwe no gutunga ubumenyi mu murima wakazi k'amashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, gukora sisitemu ukeneye kumva amavuta yakoreshejwe, menya ihame ryo gukora pompe, moteri, igikoresho cyibikoresho byo gupima.

Kuva imirimo yumushoferi yinjira Gusana no Gushiraho ibikoresho Agomba kugira ubuhanga bwo gukorana nibisobanuro bitandukanye, menya imigambi yitumanaho iryo ariryo ryose, gabanya imitwaro ishobora kwihanganira ibikoresho birashobora kandi gushobora gukuraho vuba kumena ikoranabuhanga. Imikorere yumushoferi kuri sitasiyo ya kuvoma isaba Kubahiriza umutekano w'umutekano n'umurimo . Kumenya no gushobora gufata ingamba byihutirwa mugihe habaye ibintu bishobora guteza akaga buri wese wo kwishyiriraho. Umuhanga ushoboye kandi ufite uburambe agomba kugira ububiko runaka bwimiterere: kwitondera amakuru arambuye, ukuri, urwego rwo hejuru na disipulini.

Inshingano

Umukozi wo kwishyiriraho kuvoma mubikorwa bye agomba kuyoborwa ninyandiko yaho yitwa "Ibisobanuro by'akazi" aho inshingano ze zateguwe neza. Niba ayo mirimo idakozwe cyangwa akazi bikorwa mu buryo bubi, ndetse no kurenga ku indero ry'umurimo, kurinda imirimo no ku giti cye bisaba umutekano mu buryo bw'amategeko agenga umurimo. Iyo ukoresheje ibyangiritse cyangwa bigatera kwangirika ku bucuruzi bwo kumenyekanisha imitunganyirize aho asohoza umwuga wayo, Imashini isabwa irashobora guhanwa mu rwego rw'agateganyo z'imirimo, ubuyobozi, amategeko mbonezamubano cyangwa mpanabyaha.

Uburezi

Gukorana numushoferi wihariye wo kuvoma, birakenewe kugira tekiniki yimyuga ya tekiniki. Urashobora kubibona muburyo 2.

• Nyuma yo kurangiza amashuri 9 cyangwa 11 Kwiyandikisha muri kaminuza cyangwa umutekinisiye hamwe no kubogama tekinike, aho bahuguwe umwihariko. Ijambo ryo kwiga rizaba imyaka 2 nyuma yo kurangiza amanota nimyaka 4 nyuma yo kurangiza amanota 9.
• Kugira Uburezi bwibanze bwa tekiniki , Urashobora kubona umwirondoro winyongera mumasomo yihariye mubigo byemewe kwigisha. Ijambo ryo kwiga mu bigo byigisha ibigereranyo ni umwaka 1. Birashoboka ko iki gihe kizaba gito - biterwa nurugero rwa gahunda yamasomo hamwe nisaha yo kwiga.

Amahugurwa arashobora kandi guterwa nabanzobere murwego rwo kunoza urwego rwujuje ibyangombwa no kongera isohoka. Kubagenzi ba Pupite bavoma mubikorwa byibikorwa byumurimo, ibisabwa kugirango wongere ibyangombwa byayo mugihe cyigihe 1 mumyaka 5 itanzwe. Inzira yo kwiga irashobora kuba igihe cyose, imbere cyangwa idahari, mugihe uburyo bwa elegitoronike bwimikorere ya kure ikoreshwa. Nyuma yo kurangiza amahugurwa, abateze amahugurwa basaba icyemezo cyo kwakira umwuga wumushoferi wa sisitemu yo kuvoma hamwe no kwinjiza hamwe no kurangiza bikwiye.

Iyi nyandiko ishingiye ku mategeko ya federasiyo y'Uburusiya ku burezi No 273 yo ku ya 29 Ukuboza 2012 (ingingo ya 60, igika cya 16) itanga uburenganzira bwo gukora ibikorwa byumwuga.

Ikora he?

Inzobere ikorera pompe ikora mu ikoranabuhanga no kwikoranabuhanga, kimwe no kuvoma, irashobora gusaba ahantu hakurikizwa ubukungu n'inganda bikurikira:

• Ubuhinzi;
• Gaze n'ibikoresho bya peteroli;
• amazi y'inganda;
• ibibanza byo kubaka;
• imikorere no gufata neza ibikoresho byo gushyushya amazi, ibikanyi, imiyoboro, uburyo bwo gushyushya, steam mecold, deaerator;
• gutunganya no gutera amabuye y'agaciro;
• Amahugurwa yo gukora ibicuruzwa byoherejwe.

Umushahara w'inzobere uterwa Kuva ku gipimo cy'umusaruro, ubuhanga bw'umwuga n'ubunini bw'ibicuruzwa by'ishami rivoma. Akenshi ugereranya sitasiyo ziherereye mu bice bibi, urugero, mu majyaruguru bikabije. Muri uru rubanza, umukozi yakiriye umushahara n'inyungu zimwe.

Umubare ntarengwa winjiza uva munsi yimibare 30 kugeza 35.000. Impuzandengo y'inzobere ku npuzandengo zinjiza kuva kuri 40 kugeza ku 60.000. Amafaranga menshi yinzobere yimari arashobora kugera kuva kuri 60 kugeza 100.000.