Umwuga wumushoferi wa Pipelayer wamye ukenera igihugu cyacu. Mu mijyi irimo amazu n'inganda, Uburusiya bugurisha amavuta na gaze mu mahanga. Kuri ibyo byose, imiyoboro n'inzobere mu kwishyiriraho birakenewe. Iyi ngingo yabanje kwerekeza kubashishikajwe numwuga bazaha igitekerezo rusange.
Ibisobanuro byumwuga
Umuyoboro uwo ariwo wose washyizwemo gukoresha crane yihariye ya piene, akenshi ni romoki ukurikiranwa n'umwambi uhagaze neza. Uburyo bwo gukoresha no guhitamo imbaraga muri moteri ya traktor. Ukurikije ingano na diameter yimiyoboro, tekinike yubushobozi butandukanye nubushobozi bukoreshwa. Gucunga umushoferi we wa pie.
Mbere ya byose, Umushoferi wa pie-layer agomba kuba umushoferi mwiza kandi afite icyemezo hamwe nicyiciro cyo kwihanganira "E" (Imashini ya crawler hamwe na moteri ifite arenga 25.7 kw). Imirimo ikunze gukorwa mugihe kitoroshye: Mu mwobo muremure, muburyo butemewe, mumazi yamazi, hafi yumurongo wa voltage. Imodoka igomba kuzanwa neza aho zikora kugirango ikureho kugendana cyane numutwaro kumyambi. Ugomba gushobora gukora muburyo bufunze, cyangwa ndetse nibibi. Kubwibyo, ubuhanga bwumuyobozi wa traktor nibanze kuri uyu mwuga.
Ubwikorezi no Gushiraho imiyoboro hamwe nigikoresho cyo guterura gisaba icyerekezo cyiza, igisubizo cyihuse nubushobozi bwo kumva ibikoresho. Ku mushoferi wa mbere wumuyoboro wa pipe-layer, romoruki n'umwambi ni ugukomeza amaboko yabo.
Inshingano
Iyo ushimbya imiyoboro, abatsindishi bayoborwa nibisobanuro byakazi, ubucuruzi bwaho bwabigize umwuga, amategeko yumuhanda. Ategekwa:
- Menya igikoresho cya tekiniki nibiranga umuryango (imbaraga, kuzamura ubushobozi);
- Gira ubuhanga bwo kugenzura traktor hamwe nibikoresho byo guterura no gutwara abantu (umwambi);
- menya amategeko agezweho yumuyoboro wa pipeline;
- gushobora gukuraho amakosa yimashini muribikorwa;
- Ufite uburambe bwo gukora amazi yo gusana muri karukiro no ku bapadiri;
- Kora buri gihe kubungabunga imashini, kugirango umenye imashini ikoresha amavuta n'amavuta;
- Kumenya amabwiriza, ibipimo nibindi bikorwa byo kugenzura bigenga ibikorwa byayo.
Inshingano zitaziguye zakazi k'umushoferi wa pie-laye urimo:
- Gutwara imashini mu mwanya w'akazi;
- Gutegura umuyoboro gukora muri ikigo (kugenzura imikorere yuburyo, insinga, kuzunguruka);
- imikoranire ishoboye hamwe numufasha-valve;
- Imirimo itaziguye yo kwishyiriraho umuyoboro (guterura, kugenda, kurandura imiyoboro);
- Kumenyekana neza n'amabwiriza y'umutekano;
- Kubungabunga buri kwezi kwa pipelayer, kubungabunga imashini muburyo bwiza bwa tekiniki.
Proffuces (reg. 457, code 16.058) bisaba kwemererwa gukora ku muyoboro wabantu bageze ku myaka 18, hamwe n'uburezi bitari munsi y'imirimo y'imyuga ndetse Kugira akazi gafite uburambe bwo gusana ibikoresho bya Tractor byibuze umwaka. Abashakisha batambutsa byibuze inshuro 1 mumyaka 5.
Imibereho yubuzima ni ingenzi cyane. Abasaba kandi basanzwe bakora ibizamini bikomeza ibizamini byubuvuzi. Kora cyane, gusimbuza, ibintu akenshi biragoye: urusaku, kunyeganyega, ikirere kibi. Abantu bafite ingaruka zicyerekezo, indwara zingingo, indwara za neurologiya no mumutwe ntibemerewe gukora.
Muri rusange, umushoferi wa Pipelayer agomba kuba umuntu ukomeye kumubiri, yiteguye imitwaro iremereye. Uyu ni umwuga w'abagabo. Abagore muri yo ni gake cyane.
Gusiba kuri Esks
Ububiko bumwe bw'ibicuruzwa butanga 4 Gusohoka mu mushoferi w'umugenza ukomoka mu bufatanye bw'ikoranabuhanga, gukora kuri we byemewe:
- 5 Ibisobanuro: Biremewe gukora kumuyoboro-wumuyoboro hamwe na moteri idafite ubutegetsi butarenze 73 kw (kugeza 100 l / s);
- 6 Icyiciro: Kugera kuri 100 KW (135 l / s);
- 7 Gusohora: Kugera kuri 145 kw (197 l / s);
- 8 Gusohora: Kugera kuri 220 kw (299 l / s).
Umushoferi wa munani ukora ibikorwa bigoye cyane kuri plaine nini ya diameter no mubihe bigoye cyane. Ifite uburenganzira bwo kumenyekanisha inzobere muri Novice no gutegura imirimo y'abazibumenyi badafite ubumenyi ku buka bwo kubaka.
Mu bigo binini, bitwara ikiguzi cyo kumenyekana no ku bakozi beza bafite agaciro, burigihe hari amahirwe yo kunoza impamyabumenyi. Ntibyoroshye, ariko ibisubizo birakwiye gukora muburyo bwumushahara no kwihesha agaciro.
Uburezi
Gukurikirana umwuga wumushoferi wumuyoboro ushobora kuba:
- Muri kaminuza (ishuri rya tekiniki) hashingiwe ku mashuri yisumbuye kandi yisumbuye;
- Ku masomo yihariye y'amahugurwa.
Amahugurwa yimyuga ni amahitamo yihuse, akwiriye abashaka guhugura undi mwuga kandi usanzwe afite byibura imyuga mito. Ishuri rya kaminuza cyangwa tekinike riruta, kuko rifite umwirondoro uhagije hamwe nabarimu babishoboye. Mu bigo byiza byuburezi Hariho kwigana ibintu bitandukanye, icyitegererezo, inyungu zikoreshwa zigufasha kumva neza no kumva tekinike ugomba gukora.
Byongeye kandi, hariho amasomo akomeye. Bagenewe kurangira imashini zipanga. Abakozi boherejwe muri aya masomo n'umukoresha. Ntabwo ari ibanga ko hamwe nigihe cyubumenyi bisaba "kugarura ubuyanja". Impinduka hamwe nigihe cyagenwe, amategeko ashya no kugaragara. Tekinike nayo ntabwo ihagaze, irakomera cyane, sisitemu itandukanye ya elegitoronike ikoreshwa cyane muri romoruki nyinshi. Ibi byose birasabwa kuzana abantu.
Aho gukora?
Abapfumu ba paine bakorera mu bukungu bwa komini ku ishyiraho imiyoboro itandukanye (imyanda, ubushyuhe), hamwe no kubaka imiyoboro y'amavuta, hamwe no kubaka imiyoboro y'amavuta, imiyoboro y'amazi iva mu gateganyo. Iri shami ry'ubukungu ritezimbere cyane cyane, ni byo byinzobere birakenewe. Urashobora kubona ibihumbi n'ibihumbi mu gihugu.
Akenshi, abakozi bakomeye bahawe akazi kerekanwa mu turere twa kure (Siberiya, mu majyaruguru ya nyuma). Ihute akazi kakazi nubuzima bihabwa umushahara munini. Ni ngombwa gutega amatwi abantu b'inararibonye bazi abakoresha bana kandi bakayirukana gukora. Kora ku bushake ni akaga, uburiganya burashoboka.
Umushahara wumushoferi wa Pipelayer uratandukanye bitewe nubushobozi, umukiriya wakazi, akazi. Kurangiza imiyoboro y'amazi ahantu hubakwa mu mujyi bihendutse kuruta kubaka umuyoboro wa gaze mubihe bya permafrost. Gutatata mu gihugu hose ni amafaranga agera ku 35 kugeza 140. Iyi ni amakuru agereranijwe cyane, muri buri rubanza ukeneye kwiga muburyo burambuye nibisabwa nubunini bwumushahara.
Inzira imwe cyangwa ubundi, kuko aya mafranga agomba gukora. Ariko uyu mwugaha uha umuntu kumva ubushobozi bwe, reba ibisubizo byuruhare rwe mubucuruzi bunini kandi bugoye.
