Ubworoherane bugaragara bwumwuga wumugurisha-umujyanama arashukana. Mubice byubuzima, iki gikorwa gisaba ubumenyi bwimbitse kandi bunini mubice bimwe byubucuruzi. Imico idasanzwe yumuntu, ubumenyi bwa Nugences psychologique, gutunga abatekinisiye bayobora bifite akamaro. Gusa noneho birashobora kubara amafaranga menshi cyangwa make neza.
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Umwuga w'abagurisha-abajyanama bavutse vuba aha - mu kinyejana gishize, kubera kugaragara kw'ibigo binini by'ubucuruzi n'ibigo. Mbere, abantu bakwirakwije no kugurisha ibicuruzwa byari ibyiciro byabacuruzi, abacuruzi cyangwa agasanduku gusa.
Noneho abaguzi baratontoma kandi basaba serivisi ihatira uruhande rwubucuruzi kugirango bahugure abakozi babo.
Duhereye ku bumenyi bwo kureba, uyu mwuga ujyanye n'ubwoko "Umuntu-muntu." Mubihe byuburusiya ubu, birangwa n'imibereho mike, ihujwe na stereotypes ibanziriza imyumvire mibi ku bucuruzi, ibiciro binini byumubiri na morale na psy na psychologiya na psychologiya.
Ibiranga kandi byihariye byumwuga nibyo Itanga urwego rwo hejuru rwumuco no kugenda, ni ukuvuga imbaraga, haba mumitekerereze no mumubiri. Ahari, kubera neza ibintu byihariye, urwego rwingenzi rwabakozi banditswe hano.
Urwego rwo hejuru rwo gushimangira akazi n'amarangamutima y'akazi biterwa na, ku ruhande rumwe, Imbaraga nigihe cyo gushyikirana buri gihe nabantu batandukanye, murwego rwo hejuru rwishingikirije kumurongo wo kugurisha ukurikije urwego rwibisabwa, ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa byubucuruzi, ibicuruzwa byumuryango , hamwe n'undi - Ubuhanga bwo gushyikirana bwo gukorana nabakiriya "bigoye".
Ibintu bigira uruhare mu guhangayikishwa n'umwuga no guca intege amarangamutima kuri izi nzobere harimo:
- Umubare w'ingenzi Imikoranire hamwe n'intego, ubushobozi hamwe nabakiriya nyabo;
- Abakiriya benshi batandukanye Itandukaniro ryabo mumico ya psychologique;
- Urwego rwo hejuru rwibisabwa kubushobozi bwo gutumanaho n'imibereho myiza yo guhindura abaguzi (ubushobozi bwo kubona inoti ibereye mu gushyikirana numukiriya, kuyatera kugura), nibindi .;
- Kutishyira mu gaciro Kandi kuba hariho kwishingikiriza ku buryo butaziguye umushahara numubare wo kugura no kugurisha ibikorwa, bivuze ko inzira idahwitse ari amasaha 10-12;
- Ibihe Byinshi.
Ku nyererwamo inzobere, umukoresha akunze kureba abakandida mugihe cyimyaka 18-40. Niba umurima wibikorwa ugurishwa ibinyabiziga moteri, ibikoresho byubaka, Ubwubatsi bwamashanyarazi, nibyingenzi bihabwa parufe, niba ari parufe, imyambaro, imitako, hanyuma muriki gihe abakobwa bambere. Birumvikana, hariho na lyches aho hasi idakina n inshingano (ingingo yo kugurisha inzira ya selile).
Ibisabwa byingenzi muri kamere rusange: Kurohama, kubura ingeso zidashimishije, imvugo yo gusoma no kwandika, ubushobozi bwo kuyobora ikiganiro, urwego rwo hejuru, imyitwarire myiza.
Inshingano zemewe
Ibikorwa byabajyanama bagurisha bikubiyemo umuzingi mwinshi. Bakora, kurugero, mugurisha amazi, kwisiga, inkweto, imirire yimikino, nibindi
Ibikorwa byumujyanama ugurisha ni igice cyumwanya wubucuruzi, aho ibikoresho, ibarura, ibikoresho, ibikoresho byamakuru ubwabyo biherereye. Birakenewe gukora muburyo buteganijwe kuri iyi salle, aho pavilion yibye n'imurikagurisha.
Ibipimo ngenderwaho byingenzi byumuryango mwiza wakazi ni uguharanira imirimo mibi n'imirimo yumuco.
Nk'uko abahanga babigize umwuga, inshingano zayo zisanzwe n'amabwiriza, irasezeranye:
- Kugenzura Leta yitsinda ryibicuruzwa muri iki gihe mu ishami mbere yuko akazi katangira;
- Gutegura ibicuruzwa mbere yo gutegura (ahantu, igishushanyo cyacyo, icumbi ryibiciro);
- mu kwerekana ibicuruzwa na serivisi zabakiriya;
- kugandukira umuguzi urwego nubufasha muguhitamo ibicuruzwa;
- Kumenyesha abakiriya gahunda, imiterere nuburyo bwiza bwibicuruzwa;
- Kumenya Umuguzi hamwe namakuru ngufi yerekeye ibintu byikoranaburanga byumusaruro wibicuruzwa;
- Kumenyesha abakiriya, aharimo: Urwego rwibiciro, Gutegura cheque, kubara ikiguzi cyibicuruzwa;
- Gutanga ibicuruzwa byaguzwe kuri cheque cyangwa kwakira ubwishyu butaziguye kubicuruzwa, uburyo bwo kuvunja ibicuruzwa (hamwe na cheque);
- Kwita kuri gahunda ku kimenyetso, ku kazi mugihe cyakazi;
- Kugenzura no kwerekana imitungo n'ubwiza bwibicuruzwa;
- Kumenyesha abakiriya kubyerekeye imyambarire yimyambarire mugihe cya shampiyona;
- Kwiyandikisha ku nyandiko za garanti;
- Kugenzura Ibicuruzwa.
Inyandiko yinzobere cyane cyane biterwa nigipimo cyubucuruzi kandi giteganya kugenzura imikorere nimirimo, harimo no gufasha inzobere zayo zitangwa. Ibi bituma inzobere nkuru ishusho yingenzi yimikorere yimikorere kumurongo wurwego rwinshingano.
Ibisabwa
Ubwiza, kwemeza imikorere yubuhanga bwinzobere, irasabwa buri nzobere. Harimo:
- byumvikana, ingingo no kuvuga kwerekana;
- yahagaritswe reaction;
- kwibuka no gutekereza;
- Ubushobozi bwo kwibanda, guhita bitondera;
- Urwego rwo hejuru rwo kwerekana no mubuhanzi.
Ibigize amarangamutima nibice byindangagaciro zubucuruzi birimo:
- gushiraho intego, kwihangana, kwihangana, kwihangana, kwiyemeza, ubutwari, gutandukana, kwifata, kwifata, kwifata, kwigenga;
- Tanga ahari urugero rwurwego rwo hejuru rwo kurwanya ibibazo, amarangamutima, imyifatire myiza, imico induye, kumva urwenya, kwihanganira ibindi bintu.
Ibice byubwenge kandi bihanga bigize ingaruka zumwuga bitanga:
- Ubushobozi budasanzwe n'ibikorwa .
- Ubushobozi bwawe bwite (gukora ubumenyi kubuntu, kimwe nuburyo bwo guhanga no kwiteza imbere, ubushobozi bwo kumenya ubushobozi bwabo no kwitegura muburyo rusange, gukoresha neza ubumenyi nuburyo bwo guhangana nubumenyi bwihariye);
- Ibintu ku giti cye .
Ibisabwa bidasanzwe bishyikirizwa inzobere kandi isura yabo, cyane cyane mububiko bwimyambarire nibikoresho.
Imico bwite
Kuburyo bwumuntu numwuga byimpuguke, tuzafata: Gushyira mu gaciro no kurwanya imihangayiko, ubushobozi bwo kwifata mu buryo bwo ku mutima no ku myitwarire, kwihangana, kwiyemeza, kwibanda, hamwe n'imyitwarire myiza y'abakiriya, kwitegereza n'ubushobozi bwo kubyemeza.
Umwuga ufite ubuhanga bwiza bwinzobere: kwibuka bidakomeye, inenge zintege nke, reaction idahwitse, idakwiye, imyitwarire idahwitse, imyitwarire idahwitse.
Umutungo nyirizina winzobere nurwego rwo hejuru rwubwenge bwamarangamutima, bwibanze gukoresha ibihugu byayo byamarangamutima, hamwe namarangamutima yabandi bantu.
Ubwenge bwamarangamutima butwara imikorere yingenzi yamategeko kandi, nta gushidikanya, ninyungu zingenzi zumuti wimyuga.
Ubuhanga bwumwuga
Mubyukuri, inzobere mubajyanama ntabwo igurisha gusa ibicuruzwa bitandukanye, kandi ifasha umukiriya kumenya neza ko amahitamo. Ibintu by'ingenzi biranga inzobere ni uko ari we ukora nk'umunota wo gushyiraho no gukomeza umubano mwiza n'abaguzi. Muyandi magambo, ibicuruzwa byakazi bye ntabwo arikintu - ibicuruzwa, ahubwo ni ibintu bimwe na bimwe byo gukorana - gucuruza. Niyo mpamvu Ibyingenzi biranga imiterere ye ni: Equilibrium, kwifata, kwihangana, ubushobozi bwo kugera kuntego zihariye, ubushobozi bwo kubyemeza. Inararibonye Abafasha bashinzwe kugurisha ntabwo bafite ingorane zo gushyikirana, byoroshye kwinjira mubantu, bafite imico yubuyobozi bashoboye kwihanganira amarangamutima menshi mugukorana nabakiriya. Zirindwa nkibi biranga, igice, urwego rwo hejuru rwurugero, imikorere, intego, ubushobozi bwo gufata iyambere ubwabo no gufata icyemezo.
Ni ngombwa cyane kuri bo gukora kwibuka nubushobozi bwo gutekereza . Gukorana numubare munini wabakiriya, agomba kuzirikana amakuru menshi yerekeye ibicuruzwa, serivisi nabaguzi. Kugira ngo ukore ibi, ubushobozi bwo gutondekanya no gutunganya amakuru atandukanye, fata umwanzuro ukwiye no muri rusange.
Ihuriro ryimyuga ebyiri (ugurisha numujyanama) byongeraho hano gukenera gushobora kumva undi muntu (ubwenge bw'amarangamutima), kugirango wumve ibyo akeneye, menya gucunga ibyiyumvo n'amarangamutima. Bitabaye ibyo, ibintu byugarijwe no kugaragara kw'amakimbirane.
Uburenganzira n'inshingano
Mubikorwa, nkitegeko, urwego rwo gukora neza rwakazi murwego rwuyu mwuga rumenyekana hakurikijwe gahunda ikurikira, Gusobanura uburenganzira bwe n'urwego rw'inshingano:
- Kubahiriza urwego rwa gahunda yo kugurisha kugiti cyawe ibipimo ngenderwaho (ibipimo nyamukuru);
- Urwego rwa Serivisi ishinzwe abakozi;
- Kuba hari ibirego n'ibitekerezo ku bagize abakiriya hamwe n'abakozi bayobora;
- urwego rwibicuruzwa byo kubara ibicuruzwa, tagi yigiciro mubice byinshingano;
- Urwego rwo kubahiriza indengura ry'umurimo;
- Urwego rwo gutakaza ibicuruzwa kuri ijanisha.
Amahugurwa n'umushahara
GERAGEZA ukuboko kwawe kuri uyu mwanya ufite amahirwe abantu bose. Abahanganye barashobora kuba abarangije amashuri nabantu barangije muri kaminuza.
Ubusanzwe, Gutangira ibikorwa, inzobere yihariye ni uburezi bwihariye. . Mubihe byinshi, abanyeshuri bateguwe kuriyi myanya, kubwabo ni iby'igihe gito.
Hano hariya muri kariya gace no kwiga amashuri makuru, ariko usibye we, isoko rikungahaye mumasomo yigihe gito cyo guhugura umwuga (kuva icyumweru kugeza cyumwaka). Ibigo binini byubucuruzi bikunze kwitoza abakozi twigihe gito.
Inzobere zikunze kubagurisha abajyanama, mu bihe byashize, abafite ibicuruzwa bikwiye. Ni ukuvuga, abamaze gutunga ubumenyi bukenewe. Kurugero, umukozi wahuye na moteri yamashanyarazi, arashobora kuba inzobere nziza kubice byibikoresho byamashanyarazi.
Ibisubizo byubushakashatsi bwisoko ry'umurimo byerekana ko abakobwa bakiri bato bashimishwa kumwanya wubucuruzi-umujyanama - abagera kuri 70% abasaba. Mubisanzwe imirimo nkiyi ifatwa nkicyiciro cya mbere cyumwuga, rero, mubakandida, urubyiruko rwiganje (hafi 85% munsi yimyaka 30). Muri iki gihe, abahawe impamyabumenyi bagera kuri 17% y'abagurisha, 28% bafite amashuri makuru yo mu gice, 35% - hamwe na kabiri, 20% - bafite impuzandengo. Hamwe no kuba hari icyongereza - hafi 7%.
Urwego rusanzwe rw'umushahara w'inzobere mu murwa mukuru ni amafaranga agera kuri 30000. Muri St. Petersburg, bahabwa amafaranga agera ku 23.000. ku kwezi. I Yekaterinburg, babona amafaranga agera ku 21.000.
Umushahara wambere kubasabye udafite uburambe bwakazi ni buto. Kurugero, mumurwa mukuru, abanyamwuga bato barashobora kwitega umushahara wamafaranga 15,000-20000., Muri St. Amafaranga 9000.
Abakoresha benshi bakoresha abakoresha batanze abasaba akazi mu rwego rwo kugurisha amezi 6. Nibyiza bizaba ubushobozi bwo gukorana na PC. Abahanga nk'izo bahabwa amafaranga agera ku 25.000 mu murwa mukuru., Mu murwa mukuru w'amajyaruguru - kugeza ku ya 21,000, i Yekaterinburg - kugeza ku 16,000.
Kongera cyane urwego rwimishahara myiza ya buri kwezi yo gukorana na mudasobwa amafaranga ya mudasobwa, hamwe nuburambe bwakazi muri sisitemu yubucuruzi mugihe cyumwaka umwe. Abasaba kuri Moscou batanze umushahara bagera ku 35.000, muri St. Petersburg urashobora kwiringira umushahara kugeza ku 200000, na Yekaterinburg - kugeza ku mafaranga agera ku 22.000.
Kuva ku mpuguke ufite uburambe bwabakoresha, mbere ya byose, tegereza ubuhanga bukomeye bwo gushyikirana. Inyungu zikomeye kuri bo zizaba ubuhanga bwicyongereza, uburambe nibicuruzwa nka lux na vip-clib-clip-clibtele.
Umushahara ukomeye kuri abo bahanga ugenwa mu murwa mukuru - kugeza ku 6.000. Ibyifuzo muri St. Petersburg bigera kuri 52,000., I Yekaterinburg - kugeza 40000.
