Icyongereza Mastiff numwe mubahagarariye cyane isi yimbwa, nyir'ingano nini na kamere nziza. Gladiator nyayo, irasa neza kandi niyiranga imbaraga nimbaraga. Iyi mbwa rwose ntabwo igaragaza uburakari bukabije cyangwa ubwoba. Burigihe ituje, riringaniye kandi rizi neza iyo nyirubwite akangisha akaga kandi igihe kirageze cyo kwerekana amenyo yawe.
Amateka
Icyongereza Mastif - Korera imbwa kuva mu Bwongereza, bifitanye isano na ascuate no kumenyekana ku mugaragaro ku mugaragaro. Yakiriye amahame ye ya mbere mu 1883. Ariko mbere yibyo, imwe mu mbwa nini kwisi yashoboye kwishyiriraho muburyo bwiza. Abakurambere ba Mastiffs bari barazwi mugihe ubukuru bwa Babiloni, Ashuri, Persia. Molos yibyo Epoki yari afite amagufwa mabi kandi akaba, yakoreshejwe nk'abarinzi, bakora mu bukangurambaga bwa gisirikare.
Bifatwa ko mu Bwongereza, urukiko rwa Mastiffs Stangalian rwagaragaye mugihe cyo kwimuka kw'imiryango ya selite mu binyejana bya IV-III BC. Uwasohotse mu kirwa cy'Abaroma, abahanga mu by'amateka banditse byinshi ku mbwa nini, nini ikoreshwa n'Ibyari. Hariho uburwayi bwihariye bwizi nyamaswa, imbaraga zabo no kudatinya. Ntabwo bitangaje kuba mastiffs, ni ukuvuga ko batangiye kwerekeza ku bwoko bwa Julia Sezari, batangira kwishora mu bwami bw'Abaroma, no mu gikari ndetse n'ahantu hadasanzwe hagaragaye amahitamo y'inyamaswa. Hano, ibihangange byicyongereza byatangiye gukoresha muri intambara ya gladiator, hamwe na legineyires. Mu bihe biri imbere, iterambere ry'ubwoko ryagize ingaruka ku gitero gishya cya gisirikare cyateye ikirwa - ukuza kwa Saxons muri 407 n'iki gihe gishya cyatumye habaho umurongo w'amaraso mashya.
Mu nyamaswa zatumijwe mu mahanga, Gafaelgi yahawe - imbwa zikoreshwa mu guhiga no guhunga amatungo yo guhiga. Ubwoko buhuye, buvanze na Mastiffs mbere yasuye icyo kirwa, yitwa Copor. Imbwa zari zifite uburebure buciriritse, ibara ryijimye kandi rikaze cyane. Ni muri iyi fomu ari ko inyamaswa zabayeho kugeza igihe xi ikinyejana cya xi, igihe Abanyamenataga bateye Ubwongereza.
Abahagarariye umugabane wuburayi babikunda muri kiriya gihe - alans cyangwa guhiga. Kuvanga kwabo hamwe na Pramolossians yo gusubira inyuma byatanze amacandwe rimwe muburyo bwinshi. Imbwa zahawe agaciro mu mbwa, idafite ubwoba, ingano nini. Yatangiye gukundwa kwabo hamwe na bandiom-ubwoko bwa bande igaragara ndashimira Saksi. Bakoreshwaga mu kurinda imirimo, murakoze ibara ryijimye ntibatagaragara mu mwijima.
Inzibacyuho Kuruhuka
Nk'ubwoko bwigenga, Mastiff w'icyongereza yatangiye gushinga nyuma ya 1415, nyuma y'intambara izwi cyane muri Azinyakur, aho imbwa zarwaniye kandi ziteguye gutanga ubuzima bwabo ku ikamba ry'Ubwongereza. Piemice Laimice Sierce Lee, nyir'imitungo ya Lifu, ku ishuri ry'Umwami Henry IV, icyubahiro kimwe cyatanzwe na nyiracyo. Mu bihe biri imbere, umurongo w'abakomoka kuri we wabaye umwe muri pepiniyeri eshatu nyamukuru mubwongereza. Byongeye kandi, guhitamo mastiffs nyuma yikinyejana cya Xviii cyakoraga mu muryango wa Gatton na Duke Denonsire. Kugeza mu 1835, intego nyamukuru y'amavuko yari ihahamuka ryinyamanswa, byumwihariko, imbwa zarwanye nidubu kandi zirabatsinda.
Ariko hamwe n'umusaruro w'amategeko ya cyami kuri ubu bwoko bw'imyidagaduro, Mastiff y'Icyongereza yahindutse amatungo yo gushushanya, kwangirika kwabaye ndetse no kubura amatungo yuzuye.
Inkuru nshya
Ibihe byicyongereza bigezweho birasa na gato abakurambere babo ba kure. Kubura kwabo byatumye abantu batezimbere inyungu z'aborozi kubera ubutunzi bw'Ubwongereza. Igihe ubwoko bwagaruwe, amaraso yubu bwoko bwimbwa ikurikira yakoreshejwe:
- Mastiffs y'Abanyamerika na Alpine;
- Medelyani;
- Senbenara;
- Imbwa zo muri Danemark;
- Newfoundland;
- Billmagestid.
Imbwa ya mbere yubwoko bugezweho bwarimbuwe mu 1873. Bitewe n'imbaraga za club, aho abakunda staroangalian Mastiff United, inyamaswa ibona isura nziza kandi igumana ibintu byamenyekanye bya molle. Tavel Tauras wo muri pepiniyeri ya Nanbury, wagize uruhare muri iki gitaramo, yabaye uwatsinze. Ariko urubyaro rwe nizina ryikamba rya Prince rifatwa nkimyitwarire yicyongereza kigezweho. Mu bihe biri imbere, imbwa zavukiye muri uyu murongo zahindutse inshuro nyinshi ba nyampinga, batsindiye imurikagurisha.
Kugeza mu 1906, amatungo mashya ya Mastiff y'Icyongereza yasabye ko hashyirwaho urwego ruhuye n'impinduka muri pheotype. Amatungo maremare, yabonetse, yirabura n'amatungo arasetsa. Mu kinyejana cya 20, abaturage bo mu bwoko bwakomeje kuba nta gaciro, nyuma y'Intambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, yazigamye yiganje muri Amerika.
Uyu munsi, umubare w'amatungo ntakintu kibangamiye, kandi icyamamare cya mastiff yicyongereza kwisi yose ari hejuru cyane.
Ibisobanuro
Icyingenzi kiranga Icyongereza Mastiff ni kinini kandi upima byinshi. Abatuye igezweho b'imbwa basa cyane, ariko bagereranyije, nta gucika intege cyane. Uburemere ntarengwa bwimwe mu mbwa nini igera kuri kg 130. Ariko ugereranije, gupima igitsina gabo kuva 68 kugeza 113 hamwe nuburebure bwa cm 76 mumashwish. Ibipimo by'igitsina gore ntibitangaje - 54-91 kg na cm 70 z'uburebure.
Isura
Icyibandwaho nyamukuru mumiterere yicyongereza igwa kumutwe - irasa nkigiciro kinini, hamwe nimpande zityaye. Ikigereranyo cy'ubugari kugeza uburebure ukurikije ibipimo ni 2: 3. Imbwa zifite umubiri ukomeye, wateje imitsi yumubiri hamwe nubutabazi bwavuzwe. Kuzamura inyamaswa zikomeye, igororotse, igororotse. Ikoti igomba kuba ngufi, nta kunanuka mu murima w'icyuma, inyuma, ijosi, byiza, byegeranye cyane n'umubiri. Ibara ry'umukara ryemerewe gusa muri mask mumaso no mumatwi. Ibisigaye byumubiri numutwe bigomba gusiga irangi mu kato, urumuri, ifeza cyangwa umwijima mubara, ipfundo. Cyane cyane Icyongereza Tiger Masestiff, watangaje imitwe kumubiri.
Byongeye kandi, ibiranga bikurikira byashizwe ku mbwa y'aya bwoko:
- Amabere manini kandi yagutse - kogoshejweho kugaragara neza, kuruhande rwo hepfo ruza ku nkokora cyangwa kurenga munsi yabyo;
- Umurizo hamwe no gutanga cyane - ku nkingi ubyimbye, bigabanijwe ku shuri; Umurizo muburebure ugomba kugera kubisambanyi, mugihe ushimishijwe no kuzamuka hejuru yurwego rwinyuma;
- Ijosi riri rirerire, ryateye imbere neza, kunyeganyega bito biraranga urutare, imitsi y'inkondo y'umura iraterana neza;
- Ubunini bunini bwuburozi bufite hejuru kandi bunini - ubunini bwabo ni buto, muburyo butuje bwo hasi buherereye kumatama;
- Urwasaya rwateye imbere hamwe no kuruma cyangwa ibiryo biranga; Fangs ikomeye, amenyo yera enamel;
- Amaso y'imbuto cyangwa yijimye ya Walnut, afite ubunini, ingano ni nto, ubwonko bwijimye, mu kinyejana cya gatatu bifatwa nk'ubukwe bw'urugo.
Icy'ingenzi! Icyizere cyo kubaho cya mastiff yicyongereza ni imyaka 10, ariko ubwitonzi bukwiye hamwe nuduseke rwiza iyi ngingo igera kumyaka 13-17.
Imiterere
Kamere yicyongereza mastiff yatandukanijwe nukuri kwongereza. Imbwa zirakaze mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro ku bijyanye n'abatazi, ntugaragaze imyitozo ikomeye. Batejwe imbere muburyo bwiza, hamwe no kugaburira neza master amasomo nyamukuru y'amahugurwa. Mastiffs ifitanye ubucuti na nyirayo, itwara neza, gake kandi ntoya lat. Bitandukanye na basekuruza ba kera, mole zigezweho baturutse mu Bwongereza zifite imiterere iringaniye, idakaze.
Bafatwa nk'imwe mu matungo yizerwa akunzwe cyane muri Amerika n'Uburayi.
No mugihe nkiyi imbwa irangwa no gutanga. Phlegmology yinyamaswa iragaragara gusa - imbwa nini zinshuti cyane kubantu, zihambiriye cyane umuryango wa nyirayo kandi witeguye kuyirinda iterabwoba ryose. Kugaragaza ibyiyumvo byoroheje birashobora kuganisha ku ngaruka zitunguranye. Imbwa zikunze kwibagirwa ibipimo byinshi kandi uharanire kuzamuka nyir'ivi. Hamwe n'uburemere bwa kg 70, icyongereza mastiff gihinduka umutwaro ukomeye. Niyo mpamvu ihagaze kuva mu bwana kugirango amukureho kwigaragaza.
Mastiffs yumva ameze neza gusa hamwe no kwitabwaho bihagije. Basabwe gutangiza umuryango mugari, aho imbwa izatabwaho bihagije. Kumara igihe kinini wenyine, igihangange kirambiwe gishobora kuba ikibazo gikomeye. Guhambira kandi ntazahangayikisha, ariko birashobora gusaba ingaruka zikomeye kumitungo. Ntabwo ari ngombwa guhangayikishwa no kugenda - Icyongereza cya Mastiffs ntabwo gikunda kurasa no guhora gisubira kuri nyiracyo.
Inteko yumutekano hamwe nuburyo bwo gutunganyirize mwimbwa zubu bwoko bwatejwe imbere neza. Inyamaswa zirinda ishyari ryabo ifasi yabo, zidasanzwe kubandi bantu. Ariko ntibabanye neza nabandi matungo, barashobora kwerekana ishyari. Ariko, imbwa yazanywe neza irashobora kwemera no kubaho ku ifasi imwe ninjangwe. Mastiff y'Ubwongereza nigisubizo kibi kumuryango hamwe nabana bato. Ndetse n'imbwa, ibipimo nibyiza cyane kugirango ugabanuke cyangwa usunike umwana. Molos nini iragoye cyane kwiba munzu cyangwa munzu, hano kutubangamira kuzagira abagize umuryango bose.
Nigute wahitamo ikibwana?
Mbere yo kwiga ibiranga ibibwana byororoka bya mastiff, birakenewe gutekereza ko iyi mbwa izakenera ibintu byiza. Inyamaswa igomba kugira ubwisanzure bwo kugenda, kwakira imbaraga zumubiri zisanzwe. Muri rusange, hakenewe imyitozo ngororamubiri ntabwo ari hejuru cyane, Mastiff y'Ubwongereza ikwiranye n'abantu bayobora ubuzima buke. Ibyerekeye imikino muri Frisbee, guhinduka cyangwa amatungo mabi kugirango igare ni byiza wibagirwe. Ikintu cyihariye cyimbwa nicyo gitandukanya byinshi cya amacandwe, ntizibagirana mubiryo, mugihe uryamye.
Ibi bigomba kumvikana mugihe gito cyane cyamatungo.
Nko guhitamo neza umwana wa Mastiff w'icyongereza, birakwiye ko tubisaba ibyifuzo byinshi by'abahinzi b'inararibonye.
- Hitamo amatungo azaza ahagaze muri pepiniyeri yemewe. Ugomba kwitondera pedigree, cyane cyane niba iteganijwe gushyira imbwa mugihe kizaza, igayikoreshe mubworozi. Big Plus bizaba inkomoko yabakora ibinyamerika.
- Imiterere yimbwa ikunda kwinginga kurwego rwa genetike bifite akamaro kanini. Mu muryango hamwe nabana nibyiza guhitamo umwana ufite uburakari buteye imbere, bworoshye. Ariko inyamanswa ifite ubwoba ntigomba gutangira - ikibwana nkicyo gifatwa nkimirwano.
- Niba hari izindi nyamaswa zari munzu, birakwiye gufata abo mudahuje igitsina. Byongeye kandi, ubworozi ubwabwo bugomba kugira uburambe mubiribwa binini, bitabaye ibyo ibibazo byimyitwarire ntibishobora byanze bikunze.
- Imyaka Nziza yo gutoranya kwa nyina ni amezi 1.5-3. Muri kiriya gihe, birashimishije bihagije kugirango ubone nyirayo.
- Kugenzura mbere mbere yo kugura ikibwana gisabwa. Amatungo azaza ntagomba kugira inenge cyangwa inenge yiterambere. Ifite akamaro nubuzima bwiza. Izuru ryumye, ubwoya bwijimye, ibisubizo biva mumaso - impamvu yo kwanga kugura. Nibyiza, niba ubonye kubona ababyeyi b'abakobwa, kubona icyemezo cyo gukingirwa.
Icy'ingenzi! Niba tutavuga ibikorwa byo kwimurika, urashobora kugura soko ryicyongereza hamwe nindya ntoya. Gusa imbwa zigurwa yo korora, zifite akamaro rwose kurwego, hamwe na pedigree nziza kandi yiyerekana ababyeyi.
Kugaburira
Imitunganyirize yimirire yiburyo ningirakamaro mugukura mastiff yicyongereza. Inyamaswa nini kuva mubwana isaba gusa calorie, hamwe nibiryo byuzuye. Guhitamo neza bifatwa nkibikorwa byuzuye bya premium. Igomba gutoranywa mubirori byamoko y'ibinini byatewe n'abakora ibihugu by'Uburayi no kuzirikana imyaka y'amatungo.
Ibiryo bisanzwe nabyo bikwiranye na bastiffs yicyongereza, ariko hamwe nububiko runaka. Imbwa ikeneye imyiteguro yuzuye vitamine na motikeli. Ni ngombwa kwibuka ko guhuza ubwoko butandukanye bwibiryo bitemewe. Irangiza ubuzima bw'inyamaswa kandi irashobora kunyuranya nigikorwa cyimirimo ifungiye.
Kugaburira inshuro bigomba kuzirikana imyaka ibiranga inyamaswa, aribyo:
- Kuva kumezi 1 kugeza kuri 4 Ibibwana bishaje bibona ibiryo inshuro 5 kumunsi;
- Kugeza ku mezi atandatu, ibiryo bigomba kuba quadras;
- Kugeza umwaka wa mastiffs, kugaburira ifunguro rya mugitondo, saa sita na nimugoroba;
- Inyamaswa ikuze irahagije kurya kabiri kumunsi.
Ukuyemo indyo yimbwa ikurikira ibicuruzwa byinshi. Rero, mu kugera kumezi 4, Mastiffs yicyongereza ntigomba kwakira amata. Ibicuruzwa byose hamwe na karubone, inyama zimbuto (umwana w'intama, ingurube), amasahani atyaye, amagufwa ya tubular, birabujijwe. Ibiryo byose, byambaye itabi, ibihingwa byamafaranga bitandukanijwe. Ugomba gukubita imbwa buri gihe, guhindura amazi kumunsi mu gikombe. Guhitamo neza bizaba ibicuruzwa bitishyurwa. Amabuye y'agaciro yacyo agira ingaruka nziza ku buzima bw'imbwa.
Ubwitonzi
Mubikubiyemo byicyongereza mastiff, kwita ku mbwa ntibigaragaza ingorane nyinshi. Amatungo magufi yakazi akeneye gusa guhuza gusa - hafi inshuro 2-3 mukwezi. Mugihe cya mole, inzira zisumbayo igomba gusubirwamo kenshi. Nkinzira yo kwitaho, brush hamwe na brusts nyayo ikoreshwa. Gukoresha imbwa zubwoko bwarundanwa no gukoresha Pojo - gants silicone muburyo bwa spike nabwo ntibukwiye. Ongeraho ubuntu bwamanyamanyago buzafasha gutunganya kure cyangwa kwihorera.
Akenshi kwiyuhagira kandi ntibisabwa. Niba imbwa idahuye nisoko ikomeye yumwanda, birahagije gukoresha shampoos yumye mumashanyarazi na gato, yemerera gukuraho ibinure numukungugu. Hamwe no kwiyuhagira byimazeyo imbwa, birakenewe gukoresha shampos yihariye igenewe inyamaswa.
Nyuma yo kwiyuhagira, mastiff isaba ubushyuhe, imishinga igatera ubukonje ikonje kumatungo.
Kubura inshuro zo gukaraba na gato bihagarika ubundi buryo burya busuku. Kuzenguruka umunwa wa mastiff yicyongereza bisaba kwitabwaho bidasanzwe. Imbere mu myugnts irashobora gusubika ibisigisigi, ibyuya n'ibinure byo guhitamo ibinure. Kugira ngo wirinde iterambere ryimikorere ya inflammatory, birakenewe guhindagura byihuse imikumbi yose ifite flap itose cyangwa hypoallergenic isuku.
Nyuma yo kuguma kumuhanda, kugenzura bigomba gukorerwa amatwi yimbwa. Igice cyabo cy'imbere gikeneye guhanagurwa n'ipamba Swab, umugongo mu gisubizo cyagabwe. Amaso asukurwa buri munsi, kuva mu mfuruka y'ijisho, ibibyimba byo gusohora byogejwe na disiki itose hamwe n'ubwoya bw'icyayi cyangwa imitako ya Chamomile.
Niba guhitamo mumaso n'amatwi bihindura impumuro, kamere nubwinshi, birakenewe kuvugana na serivisi zumuganga wamatungo kugirango dushyireho ibibazo.
Amenyo manini yicyongereza mastiff akeneye gukora isuku ya buri cyumweru. Kubera kurumwa bitari byo, biranga ubwoko, ingaruka ziterambere rya caries ni hejuru cyane kuruta kubandi bahagarariye isi yimbwa. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko gutunganya enamel bikorwa hakoreshejwe paste idasanzwe no guswera cyangwa urutoki. Bikwiye kwitabwaho bidasanzwe amenyo yinyuma - kugirango byorohereze inzira, inyamaswa igomba kwemerwa muburyo bufite imyaka yimbwa. Imigabaneri Ingingo nazo zisaba kwitabwaho. Niba imbwa ifite uburebure bwuburebure bwazo ni kinini cyane, ibihimbano bigabanya igiceri cyuburayi gikwiye gukorwa hakoreshejwe abana basanzwe bateje imbere kwizirikaho amatungo. Nkuko isi yicyongereza idatandukana murukundo rurerure, ntabwo bikwiye kubara kubikorwa bisanzwe byinzara.
Uburezi n'amahugurwa
Kimwe n'ubwoko bunini cyane, Mastiffs yicyongereza mugihe cyubwana iratinze cyane. Ibipimo binini birashukana - imbwa izaba adacometse, kudoda, kwangiza ibintu. Ukubazwa gukururwa ntibigomba kubonwa nkimpamvu yo gushira inyamanswa. Ubwoko bukunda kuganza, kwerekana imico yabo y'ubuyobozi. Niyo mpamvu mumahugurwa kuva kumunsi wambere ugomba kwerekana ubukana runaka. Kurinda kugerageza guhagarika uburenganzira bwo kuyobora bigomba kubaho gusa mumitsi y'amahoro, nta gutera. Icyongereza Mastiffs ntigomba gukubita, kwirengagiza icyubahiro cyabo.
Imbwa igomba kumenya umwanya we munzu, ariko icyarimwe gukomeza amatungo ukunda abona igice cyo kwitabwaho no kumwitaho.
Intsinzi mumahugurwa aterwa cyane kumico, ubwenge bwinyamaswa runaka. Mastiff nyinshi ziroroshye kandi nibyishimo byo gutanga amakipe mashya, kwerekana amayeri. Ariko inzira yibanze yo kumvira igomba kurenga buri mbwa - itayifite, ntibishoboka guhangana ninyamanswa. Kwitondera cyane mubushakashatsi bigomba gutangwa kugirango ushishikarize inyamaswa mugihe wiga amakipe mashya. Ibihangange byo mu Bwongereza byumvikana neza nagaciro k'ibiryo kandi byerekana ubushake bwo kubibona.
Mastiffs - Ubwoko bukeneye kwizihiza umunsi wumunsi. Amasomo arasabwa nyuma ya saa sita, mbere ya saa sita no kwidagadura. Imbwa muri uru rubanza ikiza imyifatire ihagije kandi yibanda. Igihe gisabwa cyamahugurwa nibura iminota 60. Gutangira amasomo arasabwa kuva gusubiramo ibikoresho byarashize.
Ntugomba guhatira inyamaswa gukora amakipe kugirango imyidagaduro iboneye - itungo ritandukanya neza umwambaro muriyo mico iyo ikurikiwe namategeko ya nyirubwite.
Ibiranga ubwoko bwa mastiff yicyongereza muri videwo hepfo.